xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/subr_kdb.c (revision 830940567b49bb0c08dfaed40418999e76616909)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2004 The FreeBSD Project
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  *
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_kdb.h"
31 
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #include <sys/systm.h>
34 #include <sys/kdb.h>
35 #include <sys/kernel.h>
36 #include <sys/malloc.h>
37 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
38 #include <sys/proc.h>
39 #include <sys/smp.h>
40 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
41 
42 #include <machine/kdb.h>
43 #include <machine/pcb.h>
44 
45 #ifdef SMP
46 #include <machine/smp.h>
47 #endif
48 
49 int kdb_active = 0;
50 static void *kdb_jmpbufp = NULL;
51 struct kdb_dbbe *kdb_dbbe = NULL;
52 static struct pcb kdb_pcb;
53 struct pcb *kdb_thrctx = NULL;
54 struct thread *kdb_thread = NULL;
55 struct trapframe *kdb_frame = NULL;
56 
57 KDB_BACKEND(null, NULL, NULL, NULL);
58 SET_DECLARE(kdb_dbbe_set, struct kdb_dbbe);
59 
60 static int kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
61 static int kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
62 static int kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
63 static int kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
64 static int kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
65 static int kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
66 
67 SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, kdb, CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, "KDB nodes");
68 
69 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, available, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD, NULL,
70     0, kdb_sysctl_available, "A", "list of available KDB backends");
71 
72 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, current, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL,
73     0, kdb_sysctl_current, "A", "currently selected KDB backend");
74 
75 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, enter, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
76     kdb_sysctl_enter, "I", "set to enter the debugger");
77 
78 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, panic, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
79     kdb_sysctl_panic, "I", "set to panic the kernel");
80 
81 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
82     kdb_sysctl_trap, "I", "set to cause a page fault via data access");
83 
84 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap_code, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
85     kdb_sysctl_trap_code, "I", "set to cause a page fault via code access");
86 
87 /*
88  * Flag indicating whether or not to IPI the other CPUs to stop them on
89  * entering the debugger.  Sometimes, this will result in a deadlock as
90  * stop_cpus() waits for the other cpus to stop, so we allow it to be
91  * disabled.  In order to maximize the chances of success, use a hard
92  * stop for that.
93  */
94 #ifdef SMP
95 static int kdb_stop_cpus = 1;
96 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, stop_cpus, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW,
97     &kdb_stop_cpus, 0, "stop other CPUs when entering the debugger");
98 TUNABLE_INT("debug.kdb.stop_cpus", &kdb_stop_cpus);
99 #endif
100 
101 /*
102  * Flag to indicate to debuggers why the debugger was entered.
103  */
104 const char * volatile kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
105 
106 static int
107 kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
108 {
109 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
110 	char *avail, *p;
111 	ssize_t len, sz;
112 	int error;
113 
114 	sz = 0;
115 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
116 		be = *iter;
117 		if (be->dbbe_active == 0)
118 			sz += strlen(be->dbbe_name) + 1;
119 	}
120 	sz++;
121 	avail = malloc(sz, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
122 	p = avail;
123 	*p = '\0';
124 
125 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
126 		be = *iter;
127 		if (be->dbbe_active == 0) {
128 			len = snprintf(p, sz, "%s ", be->dbbe_name);
129 			p += len;
130 			sz -= len;
131 		}
132 	}
133 	KASSERT(sz >= 0, ("%s", __func__));
134 	error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, avail, 0, req);
135 	free(avail, M_TEMP);
136 	return (error);
137 }
138 
139 static int
140 kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
141 {
142 	char buf[16];
143 	int error;
144 
145 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL) {
146 		strncpy(buf, kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name, sizeof(buf));
147 		buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
148 	} else
149 		*buf = '\0';
150 	error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, buf, sizeof(buf), req);
151 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
152 		return (error);
153 	if (kdb_active)
154 		return (EBUSY);
155 	return (kdb_dbbe_select(buf));
156 }
157 
158 static int
159 kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
160 {
161 	int error, i;
162 
163 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
164 	if (error == 0) {
165 		i = 0;
166 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
167 	}
168 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
169 		return (error);
170 	if (kdb_active)
171 		return (EBUSY);
172 	kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_SYSCTL, "sysctl debug.kdb.enter");
173 	return (0);
174 }
175 
176 static int
177 kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
178 {
179 	int error, i;
180 
181 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
182 	if (error == 0) {
183 		i = 0;
184 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
185 	}
186 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
187 		return (error);
188 	panic("kdb_sysctl_panic");
189 	return (0);
190 }
191 
192 static int
193 kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
194 {
195 	int error, i;
196 	int *addr = (int *)0x10;
197 
198 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
199 	if (error == 0) {
200 		i = 0;
201 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
202 	}
203 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
204 		return (error);
205 	return (*addr);
206 }
207 
208 static int
209 kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
210 {
211 	int error, i;
212 	void (*fp)(u_int, u_int, u_int) = (void *)0xdeadc0de;
213 
214 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
215 	if (error == 0) {
216 		i = 0;
217 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
218 	}
219 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
220 		return (error);
221 	(*fp)(0x11111111, 0x22222222, 0x33333333);
222 	return (0);
223 }
224 
225 void
226 kdb_panic(const char *msg)
227 {
228 
229 #ifdef SMP
230 	stop_cpus_hard(PCPU_GET(other_cpus));
231 #endif
232 	printf("KDB: panic\n");
233 	panic(msg);
234 }
235 
236 void
237 kdb_reboot(void)
238 {
239 
240 	printf("KDB: reboot requested\n");
241 	shutdown_nice(0);
242 }
243 
244 /*
245  * Solaris implements a new BREAK which is initiated by a character sequence
246  * CR ~ ^b which is similar to a familiar pattern used on Sun servers by the
247  * Remote Console.
248  *
249  * Note that this function may be called from almost anywhere, with interrupts
250  * disabled and with unknown locks held, so it must not access data other than
251  * its arguments.  Its up to the caller to ensure that the state variable is
252  * consistent.
253  */
254 
255 #define	KEY_CR		13	/* CR '\r' */
256 #define	KEY_TILDE	126	/* ~ */
257 #define	KEY_CRTLB	2	/* ^B */
258 #define	KEY_CRTLP	16	/* ^P */
259 #define	KEY_CRTLR	18	/* ^R */
260 
261 int
262 kdb_alt_break(int key, int *state)
263 {
264 	int brk;
265 
266 	brk = 0;
267 	switch (*state) {
268 	case 0:
269 		if (key == KEY_CR)
270 			*state = 1;
271 		break;
272 	case 1:
273 		if (key == KEY_TILDE)
274 			*state = 2;
275 		break;
276 	case 2:
277 		if (key == KEY_CRTLB)
278 			brk = KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER;
279 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLP)
280 			brk = KDB_REQ_PANIC;
281 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLR)
282 			brk = KDB_REQ_REBOOT;
283 		*state = 0;
284 	}
285 	return (brk);
286 }
287 
288 /*
289  * Print a backtrace of the calling thread. The backtrace is generated by
290  * the selected debugger, provided it supports backtraces. If no debugger
291  * is selected or the current debugger does not support backtraces, this
292  * function silently returns.
293  */
294 
295 void
296 kdb_backtrace(void)
297 {
298 
299 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace != NULL) {
300 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
301 		kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace();
302 	}
303 }
304 
305 /*
306  * Set/change the current backend.
307  */
308 
309 int
310 kdb_dbbe_select(const char *name)
311 {
312 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
313 
314 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
315 		be = *iter;
316 		if (be->dbbe_active == 0 && strcmp(be->dbbe_name, name) == 0) {
317 			kdb_dbbe = be;
318 			return (0);
319 		}
320 	}
321 	return (EINVAL);
322 }
323 
324 /*
325  * Enter the currently selected debugger. If a message has been provided,
326  * it is printed first. If the debugger does not support the enter method,
327  * it is entered by using breakpoint(), which enters the debugger through
328  * kdb_trap().  The 'why' argument will contain a more mechanically usable
329  * string than 'msg', and is relied upon by DDB scripting to identify the
330  * reason for entering the debugger so that the right script can be run.
331  */
332 void
333 kdb_enter(const char *why, const char *msg)
334 {
335 
336 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_active == 0) {
337 		if (msg != NULL)
338 			printf("KDB: enter: %s\n", msg);
339 		kdb_why = why;
340 		breakpoint();
341 		kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
342 	}
343 }
344 
345 /*
346  * Initialize the kernel debugger interface.
347  */
348 
349 void
350 kdb_init(void)
351 {
352 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
353 	int cur_pri, pri;
354 
355 	kdb_active = 0;
356 	kdb_dbbe = NULL;
357 	cur_pri = -1;
358 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
359 		be = *iter;
360 		pri = (be->dbbe_init != NULL) ? be->dbbe_init() : -1;
361 		be->dbbe_active = (pri >= 0) ? 0 : -1;
362 		if (pri > cur_pri) {
363 			cur_pri = pri;
364 			kdb_dbbe = be;
365 		}
366 	}
367 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL) {
368 		printf("KDB: debugger backends:");
369 		SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
370 			be = *iter;
371 			if (be->dbbe_active == 0)
372 				printf(" %s", be->dbbe_name);
373 		}
374 		printf("\n");
375 		printf("KDB: current backend: %s\n",
376 		    kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name);
377 	}
378 }
379 
380 /*
381  * Handle contexts.
382  */
383 
384 void *
385 kdb_jmpbuf(jmp_buf new)
386 {
387 	void *old;
388 
389 	old = kdb_jmpbufp;
390 	kdb_jmpbufp = new;
391 	return (old);
392 }
393 
394 void
395 kdb_reenter(void)
396 {
397 
398 	if (!kdb_active || kdb_jmpbufp == NULL)
399 		return;
400 
401 	longjmp(kdb_jmpbufp, 1);
402 	/* NOTREACHED */
403 }
404 
405 /*
406  * Thread related support functions.
407  */
408 
409 struct pcb *
410 kdb_thr_ctx(struct thread *thr)
411 {
412 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
413 	struct pcpu *pc;
414 #endif
415 
416 	if (thr == curthread)
417 		return (&kdb_pcb);
418 
419 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
420 	SLIST_FOREACH(pc, &cpuhead, pc_allcpu)  {
421 		if (pc->pc_curthread == thr && (stopped_cpus & pc->pc_cpumask))
422 			return (KDB_STOPPEDPCB(pc));
423 	}
424 #endif
425 	return (thr->td_pcb);
426 }
427 
428 struct thread *
429 kdb_thr_first(void)
430 {
431 	struct proc *p;
432 	struct thread *thr;
433 
434 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
435 	while (p != NULL) {
436 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) {
437 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
438 			if (thr != NULL)
439 				return (thr);
440 		}
441 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
442 	}
443 	return (NULL);
444 }
445 
446 struct thread *
447 kdb_thr_from_pid(pid_t pid)
448 {
449 	struct proc *p;
450 
451 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
452 	while (p != NULL) {
453 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM && p->p_pid == pid)
454 			return (FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p));
455 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
456 	}
457 	return (NULL);
458 }
459 
460 struct thread *
461 kdb_thr_lookup(lwpid_t tid)
462 {
463 	struct thread *thr;
464 
465 	thr = kdb_thr_first();
466 	while (thr != NULL && thr->td_tid != tid)
467 		thr = kdb_thr_next(thr);
468 	return (thr);
469 }
470 
471 struct thread *
472 kdb_thr_next(struct thread *thr)
473 {
474 	struct proc *p;
475 
476 	p = thr->td_proc;
477 	thr = TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
478 	do {
479 		if (thr != NULL)
480 			return (thr);
481 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
482 		if (p != NULL && (p->p_flag & P_INMEM))
483 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
484 	} while (p != NULL);
485 	return (NULL);
486 }
487 
488 int
489 kdb_thr_select(struct thread *thr)
490 {
491 	if (thr == NULL)
492 		return (EINVAL);
493 	kdb_thread = thr;
494 	kdb_thrctx = kdb_thr_ctx(thr);
495 	return (0);
496 }
497 
498 /*
499  * Enter the debugger due to a trap.
500  */
501 
502 int
503 kdb_trap(int type, int code, struct trapframe *tf)
504 {
505 	register_t intr;
506 #ifdef SMP
507 	int did_stop_cpus;
508 #endif
509 	int handled;
510 
511 	if (kdb_dbbe == NULL || kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trap == NULL)
512 		return (0);
513 
514 	/* We reenter the debugger through kdb_reenter(). */
515 	if (kdb_active)
516 		return (0);
517 
518 	intr = intr_disable();
519 
520 #ifdef SMP
521 	if ((did_stop_cpus = kdb_stop_cpus) != 0)
522 		stop_cpus_hard(PCPU_GET(other_cpus));
523 #endif
524 
525 	kdb_active++;
526 
527 	kdb_frame = tf;
528 
529 	/* Let MD code do its thing first... */
530 	kdb_cpu_trap(type, code);
531 
532 	makectx(tf, &kdb_pcb);
533 	kdb_thr_select(curthread);
534 
535 	handled = kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trap(type, code);
536 
537 	kdb_active--;
538 
539 #ifdef SMP
540 	if (did_stop_cpus)
541 		restart_cpus(stopped_cpus);
542 #endif
543 
544 	intr_restore(intr);
545 
546 	return (handled);
547 }
548