xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/subr_kdb.c (revision 43764a7ffa9ad6eba3275410bc2397d3d398f75f)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2004 The FreeBSD Project
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  *
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_kdb.h"
31 #include "opt_stack.h"
32 
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #include <sys/systm.h>
35 #include <sys/kdb.h>
36 #include <sys/kernel.h>
37 #include <sys/malloc.h>
38 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
39 #include <sys/proc.h>
40 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
41 #include <sys/smp.h>
42 #include <sys/stack.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 
45 #include <machine/kdb.h>
46 #include <machine/pcb.h>
47 
48 #ifdef SMP
49 #include <machine/smp.h>
50 #endif
51 
52 int kdb_active = 0;
53 static void *kdb_jmpbufp = NULL;
54 struct kdb_dbbe *kdb_dbbe = NULL;
55 static struct pcb kdb_pcb;
56 struct pcb *kdb_thrctx = NULL;
57 struct thread *kdb_thread = NULL;
58 struct trapframe *kdb_frame = NULL;
59 
60 KDB_BACKEND(null, NULL, NULL, NULL);
61 SET_DECLARE(kdb_dbbe_set, struct kdb_dbbe);
62 
63 static int kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
64 static int kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
65 static int kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
66 static int kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
67 static int kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
68 static int kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
69 
70 SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, kdb, CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, "KDB nodes");
71 
72 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, available, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD, NULL,
73     0, kdb_sysctl_available, "A", "list of available KDB backends");
74 
75 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, current, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL,
76     0, kdb_sysctl_current, "A", "currently selected KDB backend");
77 
78 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, enter, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
79     kdb_sysctl_enter, "I", "set to enter the debugger");
80 
81 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, panic, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
82     kdb_sysctl_panic, "I", "set to panic the kernel");
83 
84 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
85     kdb_sysctl_trap, "I", "set to cause a page fault via data access");
86 
87 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap_code, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, 0,
88     kdb_sysctl_trap_code, "I", "set to cause a page fault via code access");
89 
90 /*
91  * Flag indicating whether or not to IPI the other CPUs to stop them on
92  * entering the debugger.  Sometimes, this will result in a deadlock as
93  * stop_cpus() waits for the other cpus to stop, so we allow it to be
94  * disabled.  In order to maximize the chances of success, use a hard
95  * stop for that.
96  */
97 #ifdef SMP
98 static int kdb_stop_cpus = 1;
99 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, stop_cpus, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN,
100     &kdb_stop_cpus, 0, "stop other CPUs when entering the debugger");
101 TUNABLE_INT("debug.kdb.stop_cpus", &kdb_stop_cpus);
102 #endif
103 
104 /*
105  * Flag to indicate to debuggers why the debugger was entered.
106  */
107 const char * volatile kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
108 
109 static int
110 kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
111 {
112 	struct kdb_dbbe **iter;
113 	struct sbuf sbuf;
114 	int error;
115 
116 	sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 64, req);
117 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
118 		if ((*iter)->dbbe_active == 0)
119 			sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "%s ", (*iter)->dbbe_name);
120 	}
121 	error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
122 	sbuf_delete(&sbuf);
123 	return (error);
124 }
125 
126 static int
127 kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
128 {
129 	char buf[16];
130 	int error;
131 
132 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL)
133 		strlcpy(buf, kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name, sizeof(buf));
134 	else
135 		*buf = '\0';
136 	error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, buf, sizeof(buf), req);
137 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
138 		return (error);
139 	if (kdb_active)
140 		return (EBUSY);
141 	return (kdb_dbbe_select(buf));
142 }
143 
144 static int
145 kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
146 {
147 	int error, i;
148 
149 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
150 	if (error == 0) {
151 		i = 0;
152 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
153 	}
154 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
155 		return (error);
156 	if (kdb_active)
157 		return (EBUSY);
158 	kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_SYSCTL, "sysctl debug.kdb.enter");
159 	return (0);
160 }
161 
162 static int
163 kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
164 {
165 	int error, i;
166 
167 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
168 	if (error == 0) {
169 		i = 0;
170 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
171 	}
172 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
173 		return (error);
174 	panic("kdb_sysctl_panic");
175 	return (0);
176 }
177 
178 static int
179 kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
180 {
181 	int error, i;
182 	int *addr = (int *)0x10;
183 
184 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
185 	if (error == 0) {
186 		i = 0;
187 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
188 	}
189 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
190 		return (error);
191 	return (*addr);
192 }
193 
194 static int
195 kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
196 {
197 	int error, i;
198 	void (*fp)(u_int, u_int, u_int) = (void *)0xdeadc0de;
199 
200 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
201 	if (error == 0) {
202 		i = 0;
203 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
204 	}
205 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
206 		return (error);
207 	(*fp)(0x11111111, 0x22222222, 0x33333333);
208 	return (0);
209 }
210 
211 void
212 kdb_panic(const char *msg)
213 {
214 
215 #ifdef SMP
216 	stop_cpus_hard(PCPU_GET(other_cpus));
217 #endif
218 	printf("KDB: panic\n");
219 	panic("%s", msg);
220 }
221 
222 void
223 kdb_reboot(void)
224 {
225 
226 	printf("KDB: reboot requested\n");
227 	shutdown_nice(0);
228 }
229 
230 /*
231  * Solaris implements a new BREAK which is initiated by a character sequence
232  * CR ~ ^b which is similar to a familiar pattern used on Sun servers by the
233  * Remote Console.
234  *
235  * Note that this function may be called from almost anywhere, with interrupts
236  * disabled and with unknown locks held, so it must not access data other than
237  * its arguments.  Its up to the caller to ensure that the state variable is
238  * consistent.
239  */
240 
241 #define	KEY_CR		13	/* CR '\r' */
242 #define	KEY_TILDE	126	/* ~ */
243 #define	KEY_CRTLB	2	/* ^B */
244 #define	KEY_CRTLP	16	/* ^P */
245 #define	KEY_CRTLR	18	/* ^R */
246 
247 /* States of th KDB "alternate break sequence" detecting state machine. */
248 enum {
249 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE,
250 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR,
251 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE,
252 };
253 
254 int
255 kdb_alt_break(int key, int *state)
256 {
257 	int brk;
258 
259 	/* All states transition to KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR on a CR. */
260 	if (key == KEY_CR) {
261 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR;
262 		return (0);
263 	}
264 
265 	brk = 0;
266 	switch (*state) {
267 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR:
268 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
269 		if (key == KEY_TILDE)
270 			*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE;
271 		break;
272 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE:
273 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
274 		if (key == KEY_CRTLB)
275 			brk = KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER;
276 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLP)
277 			brk = KDB_REQ_PANIC;
278 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLR)
279 			brk = KDB_REQ_REBOOT;
280 		break;
281 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE:
282 	default:
283 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
284 		break;
285 	}
286 	return (brk);
287 }
288 
289 /*
290  * Print a backtrace of the calling thread. The backtrace is generated by
291  * the selected debugger, provided it supports backtraces. If no debugger
292  * is selected or the current debugger does not support backtraces, this
293  * function silently returns.
294  */
295 
296 void
297 kdb_backtrace(void)
298 {
299 
300 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace != NULL) {
301 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
302 		kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace();
303 	}
304 #ifdef STACK
305 	else {
306 		struct stack st;
307 
308 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
309 		stack_save(&st);
310 		stack_print_ddb(&st);
311 	}
312 #endif
313 }
314 
315 /*
316  * Set/change the current backend.
317  */
318 
319 int
320 kdb_dbbe_select(const char *name)
321 {
322 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
323 
324 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
325 		be = *iter;
326 		if (be->dbbe_active == 0 && strcmp(be->dbbe_name, name) == 0) {
327 			kdb_dbbe = be;
328 			return (0);
329 		}
330 	}
331 	return (EINVAL);
332 }
333 
334 /*
335  * Enter the currently selected debugger. If a message has been provided,
336  * it is printed first. If the debugger does not support the enter method,
337  * it is entered by using breakpoint(), which enters the debugger through
338  * kdb_trap().  The 'why' argument will contain a more mechanically usable
339  * string than 'msg', and is relied upon by DDB scripting to identify the
340  * reason for entering the debugger so that the right script can be run.
341  */
342 void
343 kdb_enter(const char *why, const char *msg)
344 {
345 
346 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_active == 0) {
347 		if (msg != NULL)
348 			printf("KDB: enter: %s\n", msg);
349 		kdb_why = why;
350 		breakpoint();
351 		kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
352 	}
353 }
354 
355 /*
356  * Initialize the kernel debugger interface.
357  */
358 
359 void
360 kdb_init(void)
361 {
362 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
363 	int cur_pri, pri;
364 
365 	kdb_active = 0;
366 	kdb_dbbe = NULL;
367 	cur_pri = -1;
368 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
369 		be = *iter;
370 		pri = (be->dbbe_init != NULL) ? be->dbbe_init() : -1;
371 		be->dbbe_active = (pri >= 0) ? 0 : -1;
372 		if (pri > cur_pri) {
373 			cur_pri = pri;
374 			kdb_dbbe = be;
375 		}
376 	}
377 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL) {
378 		printf("KDB: debugger backends:");
379 		SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
380 			be = *iter;
381 			if (be->dbbe_active == 0)
382 				printf(" %s", be->dbbe_name);
383 		}
384 		printf("\n");
385 		printf("KDB: current backend: %s\n",
386 		    kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name);
387 	}
388 }
389 
390 /*
391  * Handle contexts.
392  */
393 
394 void *
395 kdb_jmpbuf(jmp_buf new)
396 {
397 	void *old;
398 
399 	old = kdb_jmpbufp;
400 	kdb_jmpbufp = new;
401 	return (old);
402 }
403 
404 void
405 kdb_reenter(void)
406 {
407 
408 	if (!kdb_active || kdb_jmpbufp == NULL)
409 		return;
410 
411 	longjmp(kdb_jmpbufp, 1);
412 	/* NOTREACHED */
413 }
414 
415 /*
416  * Thread related support functions.
417  */
418 
419 struct pcb *
420 kdb_thr_ctx(struct thread *thr)
421 {
422 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
423 	struct pcpu *pc;
424 #endif
425 
426 	if (thr == curthread)
427 		return (&kdb_pcb);
428 
429 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
430 	STAILQ_FOREACH(pc, &cpuhead, pc_allcpu)  {
431 		if (pc->pc_curthread == thr &&
432 		    CPU_OVERLAP(&stopped_cpus, &pc->pc_cpumask))
433 			return (KDB_STOPPEDPCB(pc));
434 	}
435 #endif
436 	return (thr->td_pcb);
437 }
438 
439 struct thread *
440 kdb_thr_first(void)
441 {
442 	struct proc *p;
443 	struct thread *thr;
444 
445 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
446 	while (p != NULL) {
447 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) {
448 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
449 			if (thr != NULL)
450 				return (thr);
451 		}
452 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
453 	}
454 	return (NULL);
455 }
456 
457 struct thread *
458 kdb_thr_from_pid(pid_t pid)
459 {
460 	struct proc *p;
461 
462 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
463 	while (p != NULL) {
464 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM && p->p_pid == pid)
465 			return (FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p));
466 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
467 	}
468 	return (NULL);
469 }
470 
471 struct thread *
472 kdb_thr_lookup(lwpid_t tid)
473 {
474 	struct thread *thr;
475 
476 	thr = kdb_thr_first();
477 	while (thr != NULL && thr->td_tid != tid)
478 		thr = kdb_thr_next(thr);
479 	return (thr);
480 }
481 
482 struct thread *
483 kdb_thr_next(struct thread *thr)
484 {
485 	struct proc *p;
486 
487 	p = thr->td_proc;
488 	thr = TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
489 	do {
490 		if (thr != NULL)
491 			return (thr);
492 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
493 		if (p != NULL && (p->p_flag & P_INMEM))
494 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
495 	} while (p != NULL);
496 	return (NULL);
497 }
498 
499 int
500 kdb_thr_select(struct thread *thr)
501 {
502 	if (thr == NULL)
503 		return (EINVAL);
504 	kdb_thread = thr;
505 	kdb_thrctx = kdb_thr_ctx(thr);
506 	return (0);
507 }
508 
509 /*
510  * Enter the debugger due to a trap.
511  */
512 
513 int
514 kdb_trap(int type, int code, struct trapframe *tf)
515 {
516 	struct kdb_dbbe *be;
517 	register_t intr;
518 #ifdef SMP
519 	int did_stop_cpus;
520 #endif
521 	int handled;
522 
523 	be = kdb_dbbe;
524 	if (be == NULL || be->dbbe_trap == NULL)
525 		return (0);
526 
527 	/* We reenter the debugger through kdb_reenter(). */
528 	if (kdb_active)
529 		return (0);
530 
531 	intr = intr_disable();
532 
533 #ifdef SMP
534 	if ((did_stop_cpus = kdb_stop_cpus) != 0)
535 		stop_cpus_hard(PCPU_GET(other_cpus));
536 #endif
537 
538 	kdb_active++;
539 
540 	kdb_frame = tf;
541 
542 	/* Let MD code do its thing first... */
543 	kdb_cpu_trap(type, code);
544 
545 	makectx(tf, &kdb_pcb);
546 	kdb_thr_select(curthread);
547 
548 	for (;;) {
549 		handled = be->dbbe_trap(type, code);
550 		if (be == kdb_dbbe)
551 			break;
552 		be = kdb_dbbe;
553 		if (be == NULL || be->dbbe_trap == NULL)
554 			break;
555 		printf("Switching to %s back-end\n", be->dbbe_name);
556 	}
557 
558 	kdb_active--;
559 
560 #ifdef SMP
561 	if (did_stop_cpus)
562 		restart_cpus(stopped_cpus);
563 #endif
564 
565 	intr_restore(intr);
566 
567 	return (handled);
568 }
569