xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/subr_kdb.c (revision 40a8ac8f62b535d30349faf28cf47106b7041b83)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2004 The FreeBSD Project
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  *
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_kdb.h"
31 #include "opt_stack.h"
32 
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #include <sys/systm.h>
35 #include <sys/cons.h>
36 #include <sys/kdb.h>
37 #include <sys/kernel.h>
38 #include <sys/malloc.h>
39 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
40 #include <sys/proc.h>
41 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
42 #include <sys/smp.h>
43 #include <sys/stack.h>
44 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
45 
46 #include <machine/kdb.h>
47 #include <machine/pcb.h>
48 
49 #ifdef SMP
50 #include <machine/smp.h>
51 #endif
52 
53 int kdb_active = 0;
54 static void *kdb_jmpbufp = NULL;
55 struct kdb_dbbe *kdb_dbbe = NULL;
56 static struct pcb kdb_pcb;
57 struct pcb *kdb_thrctx = NULL;
58 struct thread *kdb_thread = NULL;
59 struct trapframe *kdb_frame = NULL;
60 
61 #ifdef BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER
62 #define	KDB_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	1
63 #else
64 #define	KDB_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	0
65 #endif
66 
67 #ifdef ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER
68 #define	KDB_ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	1
69 #else
70 #define	KDB_ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	0
71 #endif
72 
73 static int	kdb_break_to_debugger = KDB_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER;
74 static int	kdb_alt_break_to_debugger = KDB_ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER;
75 
76 KDB_BACKEND(null, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
77 SET_DECLARE(kdb_dbbe_set, struct kdb_dbbe);
78 
79 static int kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
80 static int kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
81 static int kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
82 static int kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
83 static int kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
84 static int kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
85 
86 static SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, kdb, CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, "KDB nodes");
87 
88 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, available, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD, NULL,
89     0, kdb_sysctl_available, "A", "list of available KDB backends");
90 
91 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, current, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL,
92     0, kdb_sysctl_current, "A", "currently selected KDB backend");
93 
94 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, enter,
95     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
96     kdb_sysctl_enter, "I", "set to enter the debugger");
97 
98 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, panic,
99     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
100     kdb_sysctl_panic, "I", "set to panic the kernel");
101 
102 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap,
103     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
104     kdb_sysctl_trap, "I", "set to cause a page fault via data access");
105 
106 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap_code,
107     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
108     kdb_sysctl_trap_code, "I", "set to cause a page fault via code access");
109 
110 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, break_to_debugger,
111     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RWTUN | CTLFLAG_SECURE,
112     &kdb_break_to_debugger, 0, "Enable break to debugger");
113 
114 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, alt_break_to_debugger,
115     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RWTUN | CTLFLAG_SECURE,
116     &kdb_alt_break_to_debugger, 0, "Enable alternative break to debugger");
117 
118 /*
119  * Flag to indicate to debuggers why the debugger was entered.
120  */
121 const char * volatile kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
122 
123 static int
124 kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
125 {
126 	struct kdb_dbbe **iter;
127 	struct sbuf sbuf;
128 	int error;
129 
130 	sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 64, req);
131 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
132 		if ((*iter)->dbbe_active == 0)
133 			sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "%s ", (*iter)->dbbe_name);
134 	}
135 	error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
136 	sbuf_delete(&sbuf);
137 	return (error);
138 }
139 
140 static int
141 kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
142 {
143 	char buf[16];
144 	int error;
145 
146 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL)
147 		strlcpy(buf, kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name, sizeof(buf));
148 	else
149 		*buf = '\0';
150 	error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, buf, sizeof(buf), req);
151 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
152 		return (error);
153 	if (kdb_active)
154 		return (EBUSY);
155 	return (kdb_dbbe_select(buf));
156 }
157 
158 static int
159 kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
160 {
161 	int error, i;
162 
163 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
164 	if (error == 0) {
165 		i = 0;
166 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
167 	}
168 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
169 		return (error);
170 	if (kdb_active)
171 		return (EBUSY);
172 	kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_SYSCTL, "sysctl debug.kdb.enter");
173 	return (0);
174 }
175 
176 static int
177 kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
178 {
179 	int error, i;
180 
181 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
182 	if (error == 0) {
183 		i = 0;
184 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
185 	}
186 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
187 		return (error);
188 	panic("kdb_sysctl_panic");
189 	return (0);
190 }
191 
192 static int
193 kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
194 {
195 	int error, i;
196 	int *addr = (int *)0x10;
197 
198 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
199 	if (error == 0) {
200 		i = 0;
201 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
202 	}
203 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
204 		return (error);
205 	return (*addr);
206 }
207 
208 static int
209 kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
210 {
211 	int error, i;
212 	void (*fp)(u_int, u_int, u_int) = (void *)0xdeadc0de;
213 
214 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
215 	if (error == 0) {
216 		i = 0;
217 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
218 	}
219 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
220 		return (error);
221 	(*fp)(0x11111111, 0x22222222, 0x33333333);
222 	return (0);
223 }
224 
225 void
226 kdb_panic(const char *msg)
227 {
228 
229 	printf("KDB: panic\n");
230 	panic("%s", msg);
231 }
232 
233 void
234 kdb_reboot(void)
235 {
236 
237 	printf("KDB: reboot requested\n");
238 	shutdown_nice(0);
239 }
240 
241 /*
242  * Solaris implements a new BREAK which is initiated by a character sequence
243  * CR ~ ^b which is similar to a familiar pattern used on Sun servers by the
244  * Remote Console.
245  *
246  * Note that this function may be called from almost anywhere, with interrupts
247  * disabled and with unknown locks held, so it must not access data other than
248  * its arguments.  Its up to the caller to ensure that the state variable is
249  * consistent.
250  */
251 
252 #define	KEY_CR		13	/* CR '\r' */
253 #define	KEY_TILDE	126	/* ~ */
254 #define	KEY_CRTLB	2	/* ^B */
255 #define	KEY_CRTLP	16	/* ^P */
256 #define	KEY_CRTLR	18	/* ^R */
257 
258 /* States of th KDB "alternate break sequence" detecting state machine. */
259 enum {
260 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE,
261 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR,
262 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE,
263 };
264 
265 int
266 kdb_break(void)
267 {
268 
269 	if (!kdb_break_to_debugger)
270 		return (0);
271 	kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_BREAK, "Break to debugger");
272 	return (KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER);
273 }
274 
275 static int
276 kdb_alt_break_state(int key, int *state)
277 {
278 	int brk;
279 
280 	/* All states transition to KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR on a CR. */
281 	if (key == KEY_CR) {
282 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR;
283 		return (0);
284 	}
285 
286 	brk = 0;
287 	switch (*state) {
288 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR:
289 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
290 		if (key == KEY_TILDE)
291 			*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE;
292 		break;
293 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE:
294 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
295 		if (key == KEY_CRTLB)
296 			brk = KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER;
297 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLP)
298 			brk = KDB_REQ_PANIC;
299 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLR)
300 			brk = KDB_REQ_REBOOT;
301 		break;
302 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE:
303 	default:
304 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
305 		break;
306 	}
307 	return (brk);
308 }
309 
310 static int
311 kdb_alt_break_internal(int key, int *state, int force_gdb)
312 {
313 	int brk;
314 
315 	if (!kdb_alt_break_to_debugger)
316 		return (0);
317 	brk = kdb_alt_break_state(key, state);
318 	switch (brk) {
319 	case KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER:
320 		if (force_gdb)
321 			kdb_dbbe_select("gdb");
322 		kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_BREAK, "Break to debugger");
323 		break;
324 
325 	case KDB_REQ_PANIC:
326 		if (force_gdb)
327 			kdb_dbbe_select("gdb");
328 		kdb_panic("Panic sequence on console");
329 		break;
330 
331 	case KDB_REQ_REBOOT:
332 		kdb_reboot();
333 		break;
334 	}
335 	return (0);
336 }
337 
338 int
339 kdb_alt_break(int key, int *state)
340 {
341 
342 	return (kdb_alt_break_internal(key, state, 0));
343 }
344 
345 /*
346  * This variation on kdb_alt_break() is used only by dcons, which has its own
347  * configuration flag to force GDB use regardless of the global KDB
348  * configuration.
349  */
350 int
351 kdb_alt_break_gdb(int key, int *state)
352 {
353 
354 	return (kdb_alt_break_internal(key, state, 1));
355 }
356 
357 /*
358  * Print a backtrace of the calling thread. The backtrace is generated by
359  * the selected debugger, provided it supports backtraces. If no debugger
360  * is selected or the current debugger does not support backtraces, this
361  * function silently returns.
362  */
363 
364 void
365 kdb_backtrace(void)
366 {
367 
368 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace != NULL) {
369 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
370 		kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace();
371 	}
372 #ifdef STACK
373 	else {
374 		struct stack st;
375 
376 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
377 		stack_zero(&st);
378 		stack_save(&st);
379 		stack_print_ddb(&st);
380 	}
381 #endif
382 }
383 
384 /*
385  * Similar to kdb_backtrace() except that it prints a backtrace of an
386  * arbitrary thread rather than the calling thread.
387  */
388 void
389 kdb_backtrace_thread(struct thread *td)
390 {
391 
392 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace_thread != NULL) {
393 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace of thread %d:\n", td->td_tid);
394 		kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace_thread(td);
395 	}
396 #ifdef STACK
397 	else {
398 		struct stack st;
399 
400 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace of thread %d:\n", td->td_tid);
401 		stack_zero(&st);
402 		stack_save_td(&st, td);
403 		stack_print_ddb(&st);
404 	}
405 #endif
406 }
407 
408 /*
409  * Set/change the current backend.
410  */
411 
412 int
413 kdb_dbbe_select(const char *name)
414 {
415 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
416 
417 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
418 		be = *iter;
419 		if (be->dbbe_active == 0 && strcmp(be->dbbe_name, name) == 0) {
420 			kdb_dbbe = be;
421 			return (0);
422 		}
423 	}
424 	return (EINVAL);
425 }
426 
427 /*
428  * Enter the currently selected debugger. If a message has been provided,
429  * it is printed first. If the debugger does not support the enter method,
430  * it is entered by using breakpoint(), which enters the debugger through
431  * kdb_trap().  The 'why' argument will contain a more mechanically usable
432  * string than 'msg', and is relied upon by DDB scripting to identify the
433  * reason for entering the debugger so that the right script can be run.
434  */
435 void
436 kdb_enter(const char *why, const char *msg)
437 {
438 
439 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_active == 0) {
440 		if (msg != NULL)
441 			printf("KDB: enter: %s\n", msg);
442 		kdb_why = why;
443 		breakpoint();
444 		kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
445 	}
446 }
447 
448 /*
449  * Initialize the kernel debugger interface.
450  */
451 
452 void
453 kdb_init(void)
454 {
455 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
456 	int cur_pri, pri;
457 
458 	kdb_active = 0;
459 	kdb_dbbe = NULL;
460 	cur_pri = -1;
461 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
462 		be = *iter;
463 		pri = (be->dbbe_init != NULL) ? be->dbbe_init() : -1;
464 		be->dbbe_active = (pri >= 0) ? 0 : -1;
465 		if (pri > cur_pri) {
466 			cur_pri = pri;
467 			kdb_dbbe = be;
468 		}
469 	}
470 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL) {
471 		printf("KDB: debugger backends:");
472 		SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
473 			be = *iter;
474 			if (be->dbbe_active == 0)
475 				printf(" %s", be->dbbe_name);
476 		}
477 		printf("\n");
478 		printf("KDB: current backend: %s\n",
479 		    kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name);
480 	}
481 }
482 
483 /*
484  * Handle contexts.
485  */
486 
487 void *
488 kdb_jmpbuf(jmp_buf new)
489 {
490 	void *old;
491 
492 	old = kdb_jmpbufp;
493 	kdb_jmpbufp = new;
494 	return (old);
495 }
496 
497 void
498 kdb_reenter(void)
499 {
500 
501 	if (!kdb_active || kdb_jmpbufp == NULL)
502 		return;
503 
504 	printf("KDB: reentering\n");
505 	kdb_backtrace();
506 	longjmp(kdb_jmpbufp, 1);
507 	/* NOTREACHED */
508 }
509 
510 /*
511  * Thread related support functions.
512  */
513 
514 struct pcb *
515 kdb_thr_ctx(struct thread *thr)
516 {
517 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
518 	struct pcpu *pc;
519 #endif
520 
521 	if (thr == curthread)
522 		return (&kdb_pcb);
523 
524 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
525 	STAILQ_FOREACH(pc, &cpuhead, pc_allcpu)  {
526 		if (pc->pc_curthread == thr &&
527 		    CPU_ISSET(pc->pc_cpuid, &stopped_cpus))
528 			return (KDB_STOPPEDPCB(pc));
529 	}
530 #endif
531 	return (thr->td_pcb);
532 }
533 
534 struct thread *
535 kdb_thr_first(void)
536 {
537 	struct proc *p;
538 	struct thread *thr;
539 
540 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
541 	while (p != NULL) {
542 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) {
543 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
544 			if (thr != NULL)
545 				return (thr);
546 		}
547 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
548 	}
549 	return (NULL);
550 }
551 
552 struct thread *
553 kdb_thr_from_pid(pid_t pid)
554 {
555 	struct proc *p;
556 
557 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
558 	while (p != NULL) {
559 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM && p->p_pid == pid)
560 			return (FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p));
561 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
562 	}
563 	return (NULL);
564 }
565 
566 struct thread *
567 kdb_thr_lookup(lwpid_t tid)
568 {
569 	struct thread *thr;
570 
571 	thr = kdb_thr_first();
572 	while (thr != NULL && thr->td_tid != tid)
573 		thr = kdb_thr_next(thr);
574 	return (thr);
575 }
576 
577 struct thread *
578 kdb_thr_next(struct thread *thr)
579 {
580 	struct proc *p;
581 
582 	p = thr->td_proc;
583 	thr = TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
584 	do {
585 		if (thr != NULL)
586 			return (thr);
587 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
588 		if (p != NULL && (p->p_flag & P_INMEM))
589 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
590 	} while (p != NULL);
591 	return (NULL);
592 }
593 
594 int
595 kdb_thr_select(struct thread *thr)
596 {
597 	if (thr == NULL)
598 		return (EINVAL);
599 	kdb_thread = thr;
600 	kdb_thrctx = kdb_thr_ctx(thr);
601 	return (0);
602 }
603 
604 /*
605  * Enter the debugger due to a trap.
606  */
607 
608 int
609 kdb_trap(int type, int code, struct trapframe *tf)
610 {
611 #ifdef SMP
612 	cpuset_t other_cpus;
613 #endif
614 	struct kdb_dbbe *be;
615 	register_t intr;
616 	int handled;
617 #ifdef SMP
618 	int did_stop_cpus;
619 #endif
620 
621 	be = kdb_dbbe;
622 	if (be == NULL || be->dbbe_trap == NULL)
623 		return (0);
624 
625 	/* We reenter the debugger through kdb_reenter(). */
626 	if (kdb_active)
627 		return (0);
628 
629 	intr = intr_disable();
630 
631 #ifdef SMP
632 	if (!SCHEDULER_STOPPED()) {
633 		other_cpus = all_cpus;
634 		CPU_CLR(PCPU_GET(cpuid), &other_cpus);
635 		stop_cpus_hard(other_cpus);
636 		did_stop_cpus = 1;
637 	} else
638 		did_stop_cpus = 0;
639 #endif
640 
641 	kdb_active++;
642 
643 	kdb_frame = tf;
644 
645 	/* Let MD code do its thing first... */
646 	kdb_cpu_trap(type, code);
647 
648 	makectx(tf, &kdb_pcb);
649 	kdb_thr_select(curthread);
650 
651 	cngrab();
652 
653 	for (;;) {
654 		handled = be->dbbe_trap(type, code);
655 		if (be == kdb_dbbe)
656 			break;
657 		be = kdb_dbbe;
658 		if (be == NULL || be->dbbe_trap == NULL)
659 			break;
660 		printf("Switching to %s back-end\n", be->dbbe_name);
661 	}
662 
663 	cnungrab();
664 
665 	kdb_active--;
666 
667 #ifdef SMP
668 	if (did_stop_cpus)
669 		restart_cpus(stopped_cpus);
670 #endif
671 
672 	intr_restore(intr);
673 
674 	return (handled);
675 }
676