xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/subr_kdb.c (revision 36daf0495aa68d669ac6abf004940ec1b1e83e42)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2004 The FreeBSD Project
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  *
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_kdb.h"
31 #include "opt_stack.h"
32 
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #include <sys/systm.h>
35 #include <sys/kdb.h>
36 #include <sys/kernel.h>
37 #include <sys/malloc.h>
38 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
39 #include <sys/proc.h>
40 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
41 #include <sys/smp.h>
42 #include <sys/stack.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 
45 #include <machine/kdb.h>
46 #include <machine/pcb.h>
47 
48 #ifdef SMP
49 #include <machine/smp.h>
50 #endif
51 
52 int kdb_active = 0;
53 static void *kdb_jmpbufp = NULL;
54 struct kdb_dbbe *kdb_dbbe = NULL;
55 static struct pcb kdb_pcb;
56 struct pcb *kdb_thrctx = NULL;
57 struct thread *kdb_thread = NULL;
58 struct trapframe *kdb_frame = NULL;
59 
60 #ifdef BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER
61 #define	KDB_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	1
62 #else
63 #define	KDB_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	0
64 #endif
65 
66 #ifdef ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER
67 #define	KDB_ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	1
68 #else
69 #define	KDB_ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	0
70 #endif
71 
72 static int	kdb_break_to_debugger = KDB_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER;
73 static int	kdb_alt_break_to_debugger = KDB_ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER;
74 
75 KDB_BACKEND(null, NULL, NULL, NULL);
76 SET_DECLARE(kdb_dbbe_set, struct kdb_dbbe);
77 
78 static int kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
79 static int kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
80 static int kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
81 static int kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
82 static int kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
83 static int kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
84 
85 SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, kdb, CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, "KDB nodes");
86 
87 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, available, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD, NULL,
88     0, kdb_sysctl_available, "A", "list of available KDB backends");
89 
90 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, current, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL,
91     0, kdb_sysctl_current, "A", "currently selected KDB backend");
92 
93 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, enter,
94     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
95     kdb_sysctl_enter, "I", "set to enter the debugger");
96 
97 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, panic,
98     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
99     kdb_sysctl_panic, "I", "set to panic the kernel");
100 
101 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap,
102     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
103     kdb_sysctl_trap, "I", "set to cause a page fault via data access");
104 
105 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap_code,
106     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
107     kdb_sysctl_trap_code, "I", "set to cause a page fault via code access");
108 
109 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, break_to_debugger,
110     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN | CTLFLAG_SECURE,
111     &kdb_break_to_debugger, 0, "Enable break to debugger");
112 TUNABLE_INT("debug.kdb.break_to_debugger", &kdb_break_to_debugger);
113 
114 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, alt_break_to_debugger,
115     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN | CTLFLAG_SECURE,
116     &kdb_alt_break_to_debugger, 0, "Enable alternative break to debugger");
117 TUNABLE_INT("debug.kdb.alt_break_to_debugger", &kdb_alt_break_to_debugger);
118 
119 /*
120  * Flag to indicate to debuggers why the debugger was entered.
121  */
122 const char * volatile kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
123 
124 static int
125 kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
126 {
127 	struct kdb_dbbe **iter;
128 	struct sbuf sbuf;
129 	int error;
130 
131 	sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 64, req);
132 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
133 		if ((*iter)->dbbe_active == 0)
134 			sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "%s ", (*iter)->dbbe_name);
135 	}
136 	error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
137 	sbuf_delete(&sbuf);
138 	return (error);
139 }
140 
141 static int
142 kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
143 {
144 	char buf[16];
145 	int error;
146 
147 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL)
148 		strlcpy(buf, kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name, sizeof(buf));
149 	else
150 		*buf = '\0';
151 	error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, buf, sizeof(buf), req);
152 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
153 		return (error);
154 	if (kdb_active)
155 		return (EBUSY);
156 	return (kdb_dbbe_select(buf));
157 }
158 
159 static int
160 kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
161 {
162 	int error, i;
163 
164 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
165 	if (error == 0) {
166 		i = 0;
167 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
168 	}
169 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
170 		return (error);
171 	if (kdb_active)
172 		return (EBUSY);
173 	kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_SYSCTL, "sysctl debug.kdb.enter");
174 	return (0);
175 }
176 
177 static int
178 kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
179 {
180 	int error, i;
181 
182 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
183 	if (error == 0) {
184 		i = 0;
185 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
186 	}
187 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
188 		return (error);
189 	panic("kdb_sysctl_panic");
190 	return (0);
191 }
192 
193 static int
194 kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
195 {
196 	int error, i;
197 	int *addr = (int *)0x10;
198 
199 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
200 	if (error == 0) {
201 		i = 0;
202 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
203 	}
204 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
205 		return (error);
206 	return (*addr);
207 }
208 
209 static int
210 kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
211 {
212 	int error, i;
213 	void (*fp)(u_int, u_int, u_int) = (void *)0xdeadc0de;
214 
215 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
216 	if (error == 0) {
217 		i = 0;
218 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
219 	}
220 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
221 		return (error);
222 	(*fp)(0x11111111, 0x22222222, 0x33333333);
223 	return (0);
224 }
225 
226 void
227 kdb_panic(const char *msg)
228 {
229 #ifdef SMP
230 	cpuset_t other_cpus;
231 
232 	other_cpus = all_cpus;
233 	CPU_CLR(PCPU_GET(cpuid), &other_cpus);
234 	stop_cpus_hard(other_cpus);
235 #endif
236 	printf("KDB: panic\n");
237 	panic("%s", msg);
238 }
239 
240 void
241 kdb_reboot(void)
242 {
243 
244 	printf("KDB: reboot requested\n");
245 	shutdown_nice(0);
246 }
247 
248 /*
249  * Solaris implements a new BREAK which is initiated by a character sequence
250  * CR ~ ^b which is similar to a familiar pattern used on Sun servers by the
251  * Remote Console.
252  *
253  * Note that this function may be called from almost anywhere, with interrupts
254  * disabled and with unknown locks held, so it must not access data other than
255  * its arguments.  Its up to the caller to ensure that the state variable is
256  * consistent.
257  */
258 
259 #define	KEY_CR		13	/* CR '\r' */
260 #define	KEY_TILDE	126	/* ~ */
261 #define	KEY_CRTLB	2	/* ^B */
262 #define	KEY_CRTLP	16	/* ^P */
263 #define	KEY_CRTLR	18	/* ^R */
264 
265 /* States of th KDB "alternate break sequence" detecting state machine. */
266 enum {
267 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE,
268 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR,
269 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE,
270 };
271 
272 int
273 kdb_break(void)
274 {
275 
276 	if (!kdb_break_to_debugger)
277 		return (0);
278 	kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_BREAK, "Break to debugger");
279 	return (KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER);
280 }
281 
282 static int
283 kdb_alt_break_state(int key, int *state)
284 {
285 	int brk;
286 
287 	/* All states transition to KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR on a CR. */
288 	if (key == KEY_CR) {
289 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR;
290 		return (0);
291 	}
292 
293 	brk = 0;
294 	switch (*state) {
295 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR:
296 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
297 		if (key == KEY_TILDE)
298 			*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE;
299 		break;
300 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE:
301 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
302 		if (key == KEY_CRTLB)
303 			brk = KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER;
304 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLP)
305 			brk = KDB_REQ_PANIC;
306 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLR)
307 			brk = KDB_REQ_REBOOT;
308 		break;
309 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE:
310 	default:
311 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
312 		break;
313 	}
314 	return (brk);
315 }
316 
317 static int
318 kdb_alt_break_internal(int key, int *state, int force_gdb)
319 {
320 	int brk;
321 
322 	if (!kdb_alt_break_to_debugger)
323 		return (0);
324 	brk = kdb_alt_break_state(key, state);
325 	switch (brk) {
326 	case KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER:
327 		if (force_gdb)
328 			kdb_dbbe_select("gdb");
329 		kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_BREAK, "Break to debugger");
330 		break;
331 
332 	case KDB_REQ_PANIC:
333 		if (force_gdb)
334 			kdb_dbbe_select("gdb");
335 		kdb_panic("Panic sequence on console");
336 		break;
337 
338 	case KDB_REQ_REBOOT:
339 		kdb_reboot();
340 		break;
341 	}
342 	return (0);
343 }
344 
345 int
346 kdb_alt_break(int key, int *state)
347 {
348 
349 	return (kdb_alt_break_internal(key, state, 0));
350 }
351 
352 /*
353  * This variation on kdb_alt_break() is used only by dcons, which has its own
354  * configuration flag to force GDB use regardless of the global KDB
355  * configuration.
356  */
357 int
358 kdb_alt_break_gdb(int key, int *state)
359 {
360 
361 	return (kdb_alt_break_internal(key, state, 1));
362 }
363 
364 /*
365  * Print a backtrace of the calling thread. The backtrace is generated by
366  * the selected debugger, provided it supports backtraces. If no debugger
367  * is selected or the current debugger does not support backtraces, this
368  * function silently returns.
369  */
370 
371 void
372 kdb_backtrace(void)
373 {
374 
375 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace != NULL) {
376 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
377 		kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace();
378 	}
379 #ifdef STACK
380 	else {
381 		struct stack st;
382 
383 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
384 		stack_save(&st);
385 		stack_print_ddb(&st);
386 	}
387 #endif
388 }
389 
390 /*
391  * Set/change the current backend.
392  */
393 
394 int
395 kdb_dbbe_select(const char *name)
396 {
397 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
398 
399 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
400 		be = *iter;
401 		if (be->dbbe_active == 0 && strcmp(be->dbbe_name, name) == 0) {
402 			kdb_dbbe = be;
403 			return (0);
404 		}
405 	}
406 	return (EINVAL);
407 }
408 
409 /*
410  * Enter the currently selected debugger. If a message has been provided,
411  * it is printed first. If the debugger does not support the enter method,
412  * it is entered by using breakpoint(), which enters the debugger through
413  * kdb_trap().  The 'why' argument will contain a more mechanically usable
414  * string than 'msg', and is relied upon by DDB scripting to identify the
415  * reason for entering the debugger so that the right script can be run.
416  */
417 void
418 kdb_enter(const char *why, const char *msg)
419 {
420 
421 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_active == 0) {
422 		if (msg != NULL)
423 			printf("KDB: enter: %s\n", msg);
424 		kdb_why = why;
425 		breakpoint();
426 		kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
427 	}
428 }
429 
430 /*
431  * Initialize the kernel debugger interface.
432  */
433 
434 void
435 kdb_init(void)
436 {
437 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
438 	int cur_pri, pri;
439 
440 	kdb_active = 0;
441 	kdb_dbbe = NULL;
442 	cur_pri = -1;
443 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
444 		be = *iter;
445 		pri = (be->dbbe_init != NULL) ? be->dbbe_init() : -1;
446 		be->dbbe_active = (pri >= 0) ? 0 : -1;
447 		if (pri > cur_pri) {
448 			cur_pri = pri;
449 			kdb_dbbe = be;
450 		}
451 	}
452 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL) {
453 		printf("KDB: debugger backends:");
454 		SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
455 			be = *iter;
456 			if (be->dbbe_active == 0)
457 				printf(" %s", be->dbbe_name);
458 		}
459 		printf("\n");
460 		printf("KDB: current backend: %s\n",
461 		    kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name);
462 	}
463 }
464 
465 /*
466  * Handle contexts.
467  */
468 
469 void *
470 kdb_jmpbuf(jmp_buf new)
471 {
472 	void *old;
473 
474 	old = kdb_jmpbufp;
475 	kdb_jmpbufp = new;
476 	return (old);
477 }
478 
479 void
480 kdb_reenter(void)
481 {
482 
483 	if (!kdb_active || kdb_jmpbufp == NULL)
484 		return;
485 
486 	longjmp(kdb_jmpbufp, 1);
487 	/* NOTREACHED */
488 }
489 
490 /*
491  * Thread related support functions.
492  */
493 
494 struct pcb *
495 kdb_thr_ctx(struct thread *thr)
496 {
497 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
498 	struct pcpu *pc;
499 #endif
500 
501 	if (thr == curthread)
502 		return (&kdb_pcb);
503 
504 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
505 	STAILQ_FOREACH(pc, &cpuhead, pc_allcpu)  {
506 		if (pc->pc_curthread == thr &&
507 		    CPU_ISSET(pc->pc_cpuid, &stopped_cpus))
508 			return (KDB_STOPPEDPCB(pc));
509 	}
510 #endif
511 	return (thr->td_pcb);
512 }
513 
514 struct thread *
515 kdb_thr_first(void)
516 {
517 	struct proc *p;
518 	struct thread *thr;
519 
520 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
521 	while (p != NULL) {
522 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) {
523 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
524 			if (thr != NULL)
525 				return (thr);
526 		}
527 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
528 	}
529 	return (NULL);
530 }
531 
532 struct thread *
533 kdb_thr_from_pid(pid_t pid)
534 {
535 	struct proc *p;
536 
537 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
538 	while (p != NULL) {
539 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM && p->p_pid == pid)
540 			return (FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p));
541 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
542 	}
543 	return (NULL);
544 }
545 
546 struct thread *
547 kdb_thr_lookup(lwpid_t tid)
548 {
549 	struct thread *thr;
550 
551 	thr = kdb_thr_first();
552 	while (thr != NULL && thr->td_tid != tid)
553 		thr = kdb_thr_next(thr);
554 	return (thr);
555 }
556 
557 struct thread *
558 kdb_thr_next(struct thread *thr)
559 {
560 	struct proc *p;
561 
562 	p = thr->td_proc;
563 	thr = TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
564 	do {
565 		if (thr != NULL)
566 			return (thr);
567 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
568 		if (p != NULL && (p->p_flag & P_INMEM))
569 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
570 	} while (p != NULL);
571 	return (NULL);
572 }
573 
574 int
575 kdb_thr_select(struct thread *thr)
576 {
577 	if (thr == NULL)
578 		return (EINVAL);
579 	kdb_thread = thr;
580 	kdb_thrctx = kdb_thr_ctx(thr);
581 	return (0);
582 }
583 
584 /*
585  * Enter the debugger due to a trap.
586  */
587 
588 int
589 kdb_trap(int type, int code, struct trapframe *tf)
590 {
591 #ifdef SMP
592 	cpuset_t other_cpus;
593 #endif
594 	struct kdb_dbbe *be;
595 	register_t intr;
596 	int handled;
597 
598 	be = kdb_dbbe;
599 	if (be == NULL || be->dbbe_trap == NULL)
600 		return (0);
601 
602 	/* We reenter the debugger through kdb_reenter(). */
603 	if (kdb_active)
604 		return (0);
605 
606 	intr = intr_disable();
607 
608 #ifdef SMP
609 	other_cpus = all_cpus;
610 	CPU_CLR(PCPU_GET(cpuid), &other_cpus);
611 	stop_cpus_hard(other_cpus);
612 #endif
613 
614 	kdb_active++;
615 
616 	kdb_frame = tf;
617 
618 	/* Let MD code do its thing first... */
619 	kdb_cpu_trap(type, code);
620 
621 	makectx(tf, &kdb_pcb);
622 	kdb_thr_select(curthread);
623 
624 	for (;;) {
625 		handled = be->dbbe_trap(type, code);
626 		if (be == kdb_dbbe)
627 			break;
628 		be = kdb_dbbe;
629 		if (be == NULL || be->dbbe_trap == NULL)
630 			break;
631 		printf("Switching to %s back-end\n", be->dbbe_name);
632 	}
633 
634 	kdb_active--;
635 
636 #ifdef SMP
637 	restart_cpus(stopped_cpus);
638 #endif
639 
640 	intr_restore(intr);
641 
642 	return (handled);
643 }
644