xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/subr_kdb.c (revision 2e1417489338b971e5fd599ff48b5f65df9e8d3b)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2004 The FreeBSD Project
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  *
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_kdb.h"
31 #include "opt_stack.h"
32 
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #include <sys/systm.h>
35 #include <sys/kdb.h>
36 #include <sys/kernel.h>
37 #include <sys/malloc.h>
38 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
39 #include <sys/proc.h>
40 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
41 #include <sys/smp.h>
42 #include <sys/stack.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 
45 #include <machine/kdb.h>
46 #include <machine/pcb.h>
47 
48 #ifdef SMP
49 #include <machine/smp.h>
50 #endif
51 
52 int kdb_active = 0;
53 static void *kdb_jmpbufp = NULL;
54 struct kdb_dbbe *kdb_dbbe = NULL;
55 static struct pcb kdb_pcb;
56 struct pcb *kdb_thrctx = NULL;
57 struct thread *kdb_thread = NULL;
58 struct trapframe *kdb_frame = NULL;
59 
60 #ifdef BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER
61 #define	KDB_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	1
62 #else
63 #define	KDB_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	0
64 #endif
65 
66 #ifdef ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER
67 #define	KDB_ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	1
68 #else
69 #define	KDB_ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER	0
70 #endif
71 
72 static int	kdb_break_to_debugger = KDB_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER;
73 static int	kdb_alt_break_to_debugger = KDB_ALT_BREAK_TO_DEBUGGER;
74 
75 KDB_BACKEND(null, NULL, NULL, NULL);
76 SET_DECLARE(kdb_dbbe_set, struct kdb_dbbe);
77 
78 static int kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
79 static int kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
80 static int kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
81 static int kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
82 static int kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
83 static int kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
84 
85 static SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, kdb, CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, "KDB nodes");
86 
87 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, available, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD, NULL,
88     0, kdb_sysctl_available, "A", "list of available KDB backends");
89 
90 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, current, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW, NULL,
91     0, kdb_sysctl_current, "A", "currently selected KDB backend");
92 
93 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, enter,
94     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
95     kdb_sysctl_enter, "I", "set to enter the debugger");
96 
97 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, panic,
98     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
99     kdb_sysctl_panic, "I", "set to panic the kernel");
100 
101 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap,
102     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
103     kdb_sysctl_trap, "I", "set to cause a page fault via data access");
104 
105 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, trap_code,
106     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, NULL, 0,
107     kdb_sysctl_trap_code, "I", "set to cause a page fault via code access");
108 
109 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, break_to_debugger,
110     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN | CTLFLAG_SECURE,
111     &kdb_break_to_debugger, 0, "Enable break to debugger");
112 TUNABLE_INT("debug.kdb.break_to_debugger", &kdb_break_to_debugger);
113 
114 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_kdb, OID_AUTO, alt_break_to_debugger,
115     CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN | CTLFLAG_SECURE,
116     &kdb_alt_break_to_debugger, 0, "Enable alternative break to debugger");
117 TUNABLE_INT("debug.kdb.alt_break_to_debugger", &kdb_alt_break_to_debugger);
118 
119 /*
120  * Flag to indicate to debuggers why the debugger was entered.
121  */
122 const char * volatile kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
123 
124 static int
125 kdb_sysctl_available(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
126 {
127 	struct kdb_dbbe **iter;
128 	struct sbuf sbuf;
129 	int error;
130 
131 	sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 64, req);
132 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
133 		if ((*iter)->dbbe_active == 0)
134 			sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "%s ", (*iter)->dbbe_name);
135 	}
136 	error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
137 	sbuf_delete(&sbuf);
138 	return (error);
139 }
140 
141 static int
142 kdb_sysctl_current(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
143 {
144 	char buf[16];
145 	int error;
146 
147 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL)
148 		strlcpy(buf, kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name, sizeof(buf));
149 	else
150 		*buf = '\0';
151 	error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, buf, sizeof(buf), req);
152 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
153 		return (error);
154 	if (kdb_active)
155 		return (EBUSY);
156 	return (kdb_dbbe_select(buf));
157 }
158 
159 static int
160 kdb_sysctl_enter(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
161 {
162 	int error, i;
163 
164 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
165 	if (error == 0) {
166 		i = 0;
167 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
168 	}
169 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
170 		return (error);
171 	if (kdb_active)
172 		return (EBUSY);
173 	kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_SYSCTL, "sysctl debug.kdb.enter");
174 	return (0);
175 }
176 
177 static int
178 kdb_sysctl_panic(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
179 {
180 	int error, i;
181 
182 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
183 	if (error == 0) {
184 		i = 0;
185 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
186 	}
187 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
188 		return (error);
189 	panic("kdb_sysctl_panic");
190 	return (0);
191 }
192 
193 static int
194 kdb_sysctl_trap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
195 {
196 	int error, i;
197 	int *addr = (int *)0x10;
198 
199 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
200 	if (error == 0) {
201 		i = 0;
202 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
203 	}
204 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
205 		return (error);
206 	return (*addr);
207 }
208 
209 static int
210 kdb_sysctl_trap_code(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
211 {
212 	int error, i;
213 	void (*fp)(u_int, u_int, u_int) = (void *)0xdeadc0de;
214 
215 	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, sizeof(int));
216 	if (error == 0) {
217 		i = 0;
218 		error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &i, 0, req);
219 	}
220 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
221 		return (error);
222 	(*fp)(0x11111111, 0x22222222, 0x33333333);
223 	return (0);
224 }
225 
226 void
227 kdb_panic(const char *msg)
228 {
229 
230 	printf("KDB: panic\n");
231 	panic("%s", msg);
232 }
233 
234 void
235 kdb_reboot(void)
236 {
237 
238 	printf("KDB: reboot requested\n");
239 	shutdown_nice(0);
240 }
241 
242 /*
243  * Solaris implements a new BREAK which is initiated by a character sequence
244  * CR ~ ^b which is similar to a familiar pattern used on Sun servers by the
245  * Remote Console.
246  *
247  * Note that this function may be called from almost anywhere, with interrupts
248  * disabled and with unknown locks held, so it must not access data other than
249  * its arguments.  Its up to the caller to ensure that the state variable is
250  * consistent.
251  */
252 
253 #define	KEY_CR		13	/* CR '\r' */
254 #define	KEY_TILDE	126	/* ~ */
255 #define	KEY_CRTLB	2	/* ^B */
256 #define	KEY_CRTLP	16	/* ^P */
257 #define	KEY_CRTLR	18	/* ^R */
258 
259 /* States of th KDB "alternate break sequence" detecting state machine. */
260 enum {
261 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE,
262 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR,
263 	KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE,
264 };
265 
266 int
267 kdb_break(void)
268 {
269 
270 	if (!kdb_break_to_debugger)
271 		return (0);
272 	kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_BREAK, "Break to debugger");
273 	return (KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER);
274 }
275 
276 static int
277 kdb_alt_break_state(int key, int *state)
278 {
279 	int brk;
280 
281 	/* All states transition to KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR on a CR. */
282 	if (key == KEY_CR) {
283 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR;
284 		return (0);
285 	}
286 
287 	brk = 0;
288 	switch (*state) {
289 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR:
290 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
291 		if (key == KEY_TILDE)
292 			*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE;
293 		break;
294 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_CR_TILDE:
295 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
296 		if (key == KEY_CRTLB)
297 			brk = KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER;
298 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLP)
299 			brk = KDB_REQ_PANIC;
300 		else if (key == KEY_CRTLR)
301 			brk = KDB_REQ_REBOOT;
302 		break;
303 	case KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE:
304 	default:
305 		*state = KDB_ALT_BREAK_SEEN_NONE;
306 		break;
307 	}
308 	return (brk);
309 }
310 
311 static int
312 kdb_alt_break_internal(int key, int *state, int force_gdb)
313 {
314 	int brk;
315 
316 	if (!kdb_alt_break_to_debugger)
317 		return (0);
318 	brk = kdb_alt_break_state(key, state);
319 	switch (brk) {
320 	case KDB_REQ_DEBUGGER:
321 		if (force_gdb)
322 			kdb_dbbe_select("gdb");
323 		kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_BREAK, "Break to debugger");
324 		break;
325 
326 	case KDB_REQ_PANIC:
327 		if (force_gdb)
328 			kdb_dbbe_select("gdb");
329 		kdb_panic("Panic sequence on console");
330 		break;
331 
332 	case KDB_REQ_REBOOT:
333 		kdb_reboot();
334 		break;
335 	}
336 	return (0);
337 }
338 
339 int
340 kdb_alt_break(int key, int *state)
341 {
342 
343 	return (kdb_alt_break_internal(key, state, 0));
344 }
345 
346 /*
347  * This variation on kdb_alt_break() is used only by dcons, which has its own
348  * configuration flag to force GDB use regardless of the global KDB
349  * configuration.
350  */
351 int
352 kdb_alt_break_gdb(int key, int *state)
353 {
354 
355 	return (kdb_alt_break_internal(key, state, 1));
356 }
357 
358 /*
359  * Print a backtrace of the calling thread. The backtrace is generated by
360  * the selected debugger, provided it supports backtraces. If no debugger
361  * is selected or the current debugger does not support backtraces, this
362  * function silently returns.
363  */
364 
365 void
366 kdb_backtrace(void)
367 {
368 
369 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace != NULL) {
370 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
371 		kdb_dbbe->dbbe_trace();
372 	}
373 #ifdef STACK
374 	else {
375 		struct stack st;
376 
377 		printf("KDB: stack backtrace:\n");
378 		stack_save(&st);
379 		stack_print_ddb(&st);
380 	}
381 #endif
382 }
383 
384 /*
385  * Set/change the current backend.
386  */
387 
388 int
389 kdb_dbbe_select(const char *name)
390 {
391 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
392 
393 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
394 		be = *iter;
395 		if (be->dbbe_active == 0 && strcmp(be->dbbe_name, name) == 0) {
396 			kdb_dbbe = be;
397 			return (0);
398 		}
399 	}
400 	return (EINVAL);
401 }
402 
403 /*
404  * Enter the currently selected debugger. If a message has been provided,
405  * it is printed first. If the debugger does not support the enter method,
406  * it is entered by using breakpoint(), which enters the debugger through
407  * kdb_trap().  The 'why' argument will contain a more mechanically usable
408  * string than 'msg', and is relied upon by DDB scripting to identify the
409  * reason for entering the debugger so that the right script can be run.
410  */
411 void
412 kdb_enter(const char *why, const char *msg)
413 {
414 
415 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL && kdb_active == 0) {
416 		if (msg != NULL)
417 			printf("KDB: enter: %s\n", msg);
418 		kdb_why = why;
419 		breakpoint();
420 		kdb_why = KDB_WHY_UNSET;
421 	}
422 }
423 
424 /*
425  * Initialize the kernel debugger interface.
426  */
427 
428 void
429 kdb_init(void)
430 {
431 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
432 	int cur_pri, pri;
433 
434 	kdb_active = 0;
435 	kdb_dbbe = NULL;
436 	cur_pri = -1;
437 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
438 		be = *iter;
439 		pri = (be->dbbe_init != NULL) ? be->dbbe_init() : -1;
440 		be->dbbe_active = (pri >= 0) ? 0 : -1;
441 		if (pri > cur_pri) {
442 			cur_pri = pri;
443 			kdb_dbbe = be;
444 		}
445 	}
446 	if (kdb_dbbe != NULL) {
447 		printf("KDB: debugger backends:");
448 		SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
449 			be = *iter;
450 			if (be->dbbe_active == 0)
451 				printf(" %s", be->dbbe_name);
452 		}
453 		printf("\n");
454 		printf("KDB: current backend: %s\n",
455 		    kdb_dbbe->dbbe_name);
456 	}
457 }
458 
459 /*
460  * Handle contexts.
461  */
462 
463 void *
464 kdb_jmpbuf(jmp_buf new)
465 {
466 	void *old;
467 
468 	old = kdb_jmpbufp;
469 	kdb_jmpbufp = new;
470 	return (old);
471 }
472 
473 void
474 kdb_reenter(void)
475 {
476 
477 	if (!kdb_active || kdb_jmpbufp == NULL)
478 		return;
479 
480 	longjmp(kdb_jmpbufp, 1);
481 	/* NOTREACHED */
482 }
483 
484 /*
485  * Thread related support functions.
486  */
487 
488 struct pcb *
489 kdb_thr_ctx(struct thread *thr)
490 {
491 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
492 	struct pcpu *pc;
493 #endif
494 
495 	if (thr == curthread)
496 		return (&kdb_pcb);
497 
498 #if defined(SMP) && defined(KDB_STOPPEDPCB)
499 	STAILQ_FOREACH(pc, &cpuhead, pc_allcpu)  {
500 		if (pc->pc_curthread == thr &&
501 		    CPU_ISSET(pc->pc_cpuid, &stopped_cpus))
502 			return (KDB_STOPPEDPCB(pc));
503 	}
504 #endif
505 	return (thr->td_pcb);
506 }
507 
508 struct thread *
509 kdb_thr_first(void)
510 {
511 	struct proc *p;
512 	struct thread *thr;
513 
514 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
515 	while (p != NULL) {
516 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM) {
517 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
518 			if (thr != NULL)
519 				return (thr);
520 		}
521 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
522 	}
523 	return (NULL);
524 }
525 
526 struct thread *
527 kdb_thr_from_pid(pid_t pid)
528 {
529 	struct proc *p;
530 
531 	p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc);
532 	while (p != NULL) {
533 		if (p->p_flag & P_INMEM && p->p_pid == pid)
534 			return (FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p));
535 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
536 	}
537 	return (NULL);
538 }
539 
540 struct thread *
541 kdb_thr_lookup(lwpid_t tid)
542 {
543 	struct thread *thr;
544 
545 	thr = kdb_thr_first();
546 	while (thr != NULL && thr->td_tid != tid)
547 		thr = kdb_thr_next(thr);
548 	return (thr);
549 }
550 
551 struct thread *
552 kdb_thr_next(struct thread *thr)
553 {
554 	struct proc *p;
555 
556 	p = thr->td_proc;
557 	thr = TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
558 	do {
559 		if (thr != NULL)
560 			return (thr);
561 		p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list);
562 		if (p != NULL && (p->p_flag & P_INMEM))
563 			thr = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(p);
564 	} while (p != NULL);
565 	return (NULL);
566 }
567 
568 int
569 kdb_thr_select(struct thread *thr)
570 {
571 	if (thr == NULL)
572 		return (EINVAL);
573 	kdb_thread = thr;
574 	kdb_thrctx = kdb_thr_ctx(thr);
575 	return (0);
576 }
577 
578 /*
579  * Enter the debugger due to a trap.
580  */
581 
582 int
583 kdb_trap(int type, int code, struct trapframe *tf)
584 {
585 #ifdef SMP
586 	cpuset_t other_cpus;
587 #endif
588 	struct kdb_dbbe *be;
589 	register_t intr;
590 	int handled;
591 #ifdef SMP
592 	int did_stop_cpus;
593 #endif
594 
595 	be = kdb_dbbe;
596 	if (be == NULL || be->dbbe_trap == NULL)
597 		return (0);
598 
599 	/* We reenter the debugger through kdb_reenter(). */
600 	if (kdb_active)
601 		return (0);
602 
603 	intr = intr_disable();
604 
605 #ifdef SMP
606 	if (!SCHEDULER_STOPPED()) {
607 		other_cpus = all_cpus;
608 		CPU_CLR(PCPU_GET(cpuid), &other_cpus);
609 		stop_cpus_hard(other_cpus);
610 		did_stop_cpus = 1;
611 	} else
612 		did_stop_cpus = 0;
613 #endif
614 
615 	kdb_active++;
616 
617 	kdb_frame = tf;
618 
619 	/* Let MD code do its thing first... */
620 	kdb_cpu_trap(type, code);
621 
622 	makectx(tf, &kdb_pcb);
623 	kdb_thr_select(curthread);
624 
625 	for (;;) {
626 		handled = be->dbbe_trap(type, code);
627 		if (be == kdb_dbbe)
628 			break;
629 		be = kdb_dbbe;
630 		if (be == NULL || be->dbbe_trap == NULL)
631 			break;
632 		printf("Switching to %s back-end\n", be->dbbe_name);
633 	}
634 
635 	kdb_active--;
636 
637 #ifdef SMP
638 	if (did_stop_cpus)
639 		restart_cpus(stopped_cpus);
640 #endif
641 
642 	intr_restore(intr);
643 
644 	return (handled);
645 }
646