xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_timeout.c (revision 6af83ee0d2941d18880b6aaa2b4facd1d30c6106)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
5  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
6  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
7  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
8  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  *
34  *	From: @(#)kern_clock.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
35  */
36 
37 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
39 
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 #include <sys/systm.h>
42 #include <sys/callout.h>
43 #include <sys/condvar.h>
44 #include <sys/kernel.h>
45 #include <sys/ktr.h>
46 #include <sys/lock.h>
47 #include <sys/mutex.h>
48 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
49 
50 static int avg_depth;
51 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, to_avg_depth, CTLFLAG_RD, &avg_depth, 0,
52     "Average number of items examined per softclock call. Units = 1/1000");
53 static int avg_gcalls;
54 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, to_avg_gcalls, CTLFLAG_RD, &avg_gcalls, 0,
55     "Average number of Giant callouts made per softclock call. Units = 1/1000");
56 static int avg_mtxcalls;
57 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, to_avg_mtxcalls, CTLFLAG_RD, &avg_mtxcalls, 0,
58     "Average number of mtx callouts made per softclock call. Units = 1/1000");
59 static int avg_mpcalls;
60 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, to_avg_mpcalls, CTLFLAG_RD, &avg_mpcalls, 0,
61     "Average number of MP callouts made per softclock call. Units = 1/1000");
62 /*
63  * TODO:
64  *	allocate more timeout table slots when table overflows.
65  */
66 
67 /* Exported to machdep.c and/or kern_clock.c.  */
68 struct callout *callout;
69 struct callout_list callfree;
70 int callwheelsize, callwheelbits, callwheelmask;
71 struct callout_tailq *callwheel;
72 int softticks;			/* Like ticks, but for softclock(). */
73 struct mtx callout_lock;
74 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
75 struct mtx dont_sleep_in_callout;
76 #endif
77 
78 static struct callout *nextsoftcheck;	/* Next callout to be checked. */
79 
80 /**
81  * Locked by callout_lock:
82  *   curr_callout    - If a callout is in progress, it is curr_callout.
83  *                     If curr_callout is non-NULL, threads waiting on
84  *                     callout_wait will be woken up as soon as the
85  *                     relevant callout completes.
86  *   curr_cancelled  - Changing to 1 with both callout_lock and c_mtx held
87  *                     guarantees that the current callout will not run.
88  *                     The softclock() function sets this to 0 before it
89  *                     drops callout_lock to acquire c_mtx, and it calls
90  *                     the handler only if curr_cancelled still 0 when
91  *                     c_mtx is successfully acquired.
92  *   wakeup_ctr      - Incremented every time a thread wants to wait
93  *                     for a callout to complete.  Modified only when
94  *                     curr_callout is non-NULL.
95  *   wakeup_needed   - If a thread is waiting on callout_wait, then
96  *                     wakeup_needed is nonzero.  Increased only when
97  *                     cutt_callout is non-NULL.
98  */
99 static struct callout *curr_callout;
100 static int curr_cancelled;
101 static int wakeup_ctr;
102 static int wakeup_needed;
103 
104 /**
105  * Locked by callout_wait_lock:
106  *   callout_wait    - If wakeup_needed is set, callout_wait will be
107  *                     triggered after the current callout finishes.
108  *   wakeup_done_ctr - Set to the current value of wakeup_ctr after
109  *                     callout_wait is triggered.
110  */
111 static struct mtx callout_wait_lock;
112 static struct cv callout_wait;
113 static int wakeup_done_ctr;
114 
115 /*
116  * kern_timeout_callwheel_alloc() - kernel low level callwheel initialization
117  *
118  *	This code is called very early in the kernel initialization sequence,
119  *	and may be called more then once.
120  */
121 caddr_t
122 kern_timeout_callwheel_alloc(caddr_t v)
123 {
124 	/*
125 	 * Calculate callout wheel size
126 	 */
127 	for (callwheelsize = 1, callwheelbits = 0;
128 	     callwheelsize < ncallout;
129 	     callwheelsize <<= 1, ++callwheelbits)
130 		;
131 	callwheelmask = callwheelsize - 1;
132 
133 	callout = (struct callout *)v;
134 	v = (caddr_t)(callout + ncallout);
135 	callwheel = (struct callout_tailq *)v;
136 	v = (caddr_t)(callwheel + callwheelsize);
137 	return(v);
138 }
139 
140 /*
141  * kern_timeout_callwheel_init() - initialize previously reserved callwheel
142  *				   space.
143  *
144  *	This code is called just once, after the space reserved for the
145  *	callout wheel has been finalized.
146  */
147 void
148 kern_timeout_callwheel_init(void)
149 {
150 	int i;
151 
152 	SLIST_INIT(&callfree);
153 	for (i = 0; i < ncallout; i++) {
154 		callout_init(&callout[i], 0);
155 		callout[i].c_flags = CALLOUT_LOCAL_ALLOC;
156 		SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&callfree, &callout[i], c_links.sle);
157 	}
158 	for (i = 0; i < callwheelsize; i++) {
159 		TAILQ_INIT(&callwheel[i]);
160 	}
161 	mtx_init(&callout_lock, "callout", NULL, MTX_SPIN | MTX_RECURSE);
162 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
163 	mtx_init(&dont_sleep_in_callout, "dont_sleep_in_callout", NULL, MTX_DEF);
164 #endif
165 	mtx_init(&callout_wait_lock, "callout_wait_lock", NULL, MTX_DEF);
166 	cv_init(&callout_wait, "callout_wait");
167 }
168 
169 /*
170  * The callout mechanism is based on the work of Adam M. Costello and
171  * George Varghese, published in a technical report entitled "Redesigning
172  * the BSD Callout and Timer Facilities" and modified slightly for inclusion
173  * in FreeBSD by Justin T. Gibbs.  The original work on the data structures
174  * used in this implementation was published by G. Varghese and T. Lauck in
175  * the paper "Hashed and Hierarchical Timing Wheels: Data Structures for
176  * the Efficient Implementation of a Timer Facility" in the Proceedings of
177  * the 11th ACM Annual Symposium on Operating Systems Principles,
178  * Austin, Texas Nov 1987.
179  */
180 
181 /*
182  * Software (low priority) clock interrupt.
183  * Run periodic events from timeout queue.
184  */
185 void
186 softclock(void *dummy)
187 {
188 	struct callout *c;
189 	struct callout_tailq *bucket;
190 	int curticks;
191 	int steps;	/* #steps since we last allowed interrupts */
192 	int depth;
193 	int mpcalls;
194 	int mtxcalls;
195 	int gcalls;
196 	int wakeup_cookie;
197 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
198 	struct bintime bt1, bt2;
199 	struct timespec ts2;
200 	static uint64_t maxdt = 36893488147419102LL;	/* 2 msec */
201 	static timeout_t *lastfunc;
202 #endif
203 
204 #ifndef MAX_SOFTCLOCK_STEPS
205 #define MAX_SOFTCLOCK_STEPS 100 /* Maximum allowed value of steps. */
206 #endif /* MAX_SOFTCLOCK_STEPS */
207 
208 	mpcalls = 0;
209 	mtxcalls = 0;
210 	gcalls = 0;
211 	depth = 0;
212 	steps = 0;
213 	mtx_lock_spin(&callout_lock);
214 	while (softticks != ticks) {
215 		softticks++;
216 		/*
217 		 * softticks may be modified by hard clock, so cache
218 		 * it while we work on a given bucket.
219 		 */
220 		curticks = softticks;
221 		bucket = &callwheel[curticks & callwheelmask];
222 		c = TAILQ_FIRST(bucket);
223 		while (c) {
224 			depth++;
225 			if (c->c_time != curticks) {
226 				c = TAILQ_NEXT(c, c_links.tqe);
227 				++steps;
228 				if (steps >= MAX_SOFTCLOCK_STEPS) {
229 					nextsoftcheck = c;
230 					/* Give interrupts a chance. */
231 					mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
232 					;	/* nothing */
233 					mtx_lock_spin(&callout_lock);
234 					c = nextsoftcheck;
235 					steps = 0;
236 				}
237 			} else {
238 				void (*c_func)(void *);
239 				void *c_arg;
240 				struct mtx *c_mtx;
241 				int c_flags;
242 
243 				nextsoftcheck = TAILQ_NEXT(c, c_links.tqe);
244 				TAILQ_REMOVE(bucket, c, c_links.tqe);
245 				c_func = c->c_func;
246 				c_arg = c->c_arg;
247 				c_mtx = c->c_mtx;
248 				c_flags = c->c_flags;
249 				if (c->c_flags & CALLOUT_LOCAL_ALLOC) {
250 					c->c_func = NULL;
251 					c->c_flags = CALLOUT_LOCAL_ALLOC;
252 					SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&callfree, c,
253 							  c_links.sle);
254 					curr_callout = NULL;
255 				} else {
256 					c->c_flags =
257 					    (c->c_flags & ~CALLOUT_PENDING);
258 					curr_callout = c;
259 				}
260 				curr_cancelled = 0;
261 				mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
262 				if (c_mtx != NULL) {
263 					mtx_lock(c_mtx);
264 					/*
265 					 * The callout may have been cancelled
266 					 * while we switched locks.
267 					 */
268 					if (curr_cancelled) {
269 						mtx_unlock(c_mtx);
270 						mtx_lock_spin(&callout_lock);
271 						goto done_locked;
272 					}
273 					/* The callout cannot be stopped now. */
274 					curr_cancelled = 1;
275 
276 					if (c_mtx == &Giant) {
277 						gcalls++;
278 						CTR1(KTR_CALLOUT, "callout %p",
279 						    c_func);
280 					} else {
281 						mtxcalls++;
282 						CTR1(KTR_CALLOUT,
283 						    "callout mtx %p",
284 						    c_func);
285 					}
286 				} else {
287 					mpcalls++;
288 					CTR1(KTR_CALLOUT, "callout mpsafe %p",
289 					    c_func);
290 				}
291 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
292 				binuptime(&bt1);
293 				mtx_lock(&dont_sleep_in_callout);
294 #endif
295 				c_func(c_arg);
296 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
297 				mtx_unlock(&dont_sleep_in_callout);
298 				binuptime(&bt2);
299 				bintime_sub(&bt2, &bt1);
300 				if (bt2.frac > maxdt) {
301 					if (lastfunc != c_func ||
302 					    bt2.frac > maxdt * 2) {
303 						bintime2timespec(&bt2, &ts2);
304 						printf(
305 			"Expensive timeout(9) function: %p(%p) %jd.%09ld s\n",
306 						    c_func, c_arg,
307 						    (intmax_t)ts2.tv_sec,
308 						    ts2.tv_nsec);
309 					}
310 					maxdt = bt2.frac;
311 					lastfunc = c_func;
312 				}
313 #endif
314 				if ((c_flags & CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED) == 0)
315 					mtx_unlock(c_mtx);
316 				mtx_lock_spin(&callout_lock);
317 done_locked:
318 				curr_callout = NULL;
319 				if (wakeup_needed) {
320 					/*
321 					 * There might be someone waiting
322 					 * for the callout to complete.
323 					 */
324 					wakeup_cookie = wakeup_ctr;
325 					mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
326 					mtx_lock(&callout_wait_lock);
327 					cv_broadcast(&callout_wait);
328 					wakeup_done_ctr = wakeup_cookie;
329 					mtx_unlock(&callout_wait_lock);
330 					mtx_lock_spin(&callout_lock);
331 					wakeup_needed = 0;
332 				}
333 				steps = 0;
334 				c = nextsoftcheck;
335 			}
336 		}
337 	}
338 	avg_depth += (depth * 1000 - avg_depth) >> 8;
339 	avg_mpcalls += (mpcalls * 1000 - avg_mpcalls) >> 8;
340 	avg_mtxcalls += (mtxcalls * 1000 - avg_mtxcalls) >> 8;
341 	avg_gcalls += (gcalls * 1000 - avg_gcalls) >> 8;
342 	nextsoftcheck = NULL;
343 	mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
344 }
345 
346 /*
347  * timeout --
348  *	Execute a function after a specified length of time.
349  *
350  * untimeout --
351  *	Cancel previous timeout function call.
352  *
353  * callout_handle_init --
354  *	Initialize a handle so that using it with untimeout is benign.
355  *
356  *	See AT&T BCI Driver Reference Manual for specification.  This
357  *	implementation differs from that one in that although an
358  *	identification value is returned from timeout, the original
359  *	arguments to timeout as well as the identifier are used to
360  *	identify entries for untimeout.
361  */
362 struct callout_handle
363 timeout(ftn, arg, to_ticks)
364 	timeout_t *ftn;
365 	void *arg;
366 	int to_ticks;
367 {
368 	struct callout *new;
369 	struct callout_handle handle;
370 
371 	mtx_lock_spin(&callout_lock);
372 
373 	/* Fill in the next free callout structure. */
374 	new = SLIST_FIRST(&callfree);
375 	if (new == NULL)
376 		/* XXX Attempt to malloc first */
377 		panic("timeout table full");
378 	SLIST_REMOVE_HEAD(&callfree, c_links.sle);
379 
380 	callout_reset(new, to_ticks, ftn, arg);
381 
382 	handle.callout = new;
383 	mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
384 	return (handle);
385 }
386 
387 void
388 untimeout(ftn, arg, handle)
389 	timeout_t *ftn;
390 	void *arg;
391 	struct callout_handle handle;
392 {
393 
394 	/*
395 	 * Check for a handle that was initialized
396 	 * by callout_handle_init, but never used
397 	 * for a real timeout.
398 	 */
399 	if (handle.callout == NULL)
400 		return;
401 
402 	mtx_lock_spin(&callout_lock);
403 	if (handle.callout->c_func == ftn && handle.callout->c_arg == arg)
404 		callout_stop(handle.callout);
405 	mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
406 }
407 
408 void
409 callout_handle_init(struct callout_handle *handle)
410 {
411 	handle->callout = NULL;
412 }
413 
414 /*
415  * New interface; clients allocate their own callout structures.
416  *
417  * callout_reset() - establish or change a timeout
418  * callout_stop() - disestablish a timeout
419  * callout_init() - initialize a callout structure so that it can
420  *	safely be passed to callout_reset() and callout_stop()
421  *
422  * <sys/callout.h> defines three convenience macros:
423  *
424  * callout_active() - returns truth if callout has not been stopped,
425  *	drained, or deactivated since the last time the callout was
426  *	reset.
427  * callout_pending() - returns truth if callout is still waiting for timeout
428  * callout_deactivate() - marks the callout as having been serviced
429  */
430 void
431 callout_reset(c, to_ticks, ftn, arg)
432 	struct	callout *c;
433 	int	to_ticks;
434 	void	(*ftn)(void *);
435 	void	*arg;
436 {
437 
438 #ifdef notyet /* Some callers of timeout() do not hold Giant. */
439 	if (c->c_mtx != NULL)
440 		mtx_assert(c->c_mtx, MA_OWNED);
441 #endif
442 
443 	mtx_lock_spin(&callout_lock);
444 	if (c == curr_callout) {
445 		/*
446 		 * We're being asked to reschedule a callout which is
447 		 * currently in progress.  If there is a mutex then we
448 		 * can cancel the callout if it has not really started.
449 		 */
450 		if (c->c_mtx != NULL && !curr_cancelled)
451 			curr_cancelled = 1;
452 		if (wakeup_needed) {
453 			/*
454 			 * Someone has called callout_drain to kill this
455 			 * callout.  Don't reschedule.
456 			 */
457 			mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
458 			return;
459 		}
460 	}
461 	if (c->c_flags & CALLOUT_PENDING) {
462 		if (nextsoftcheck == c) {
463 			nextsoftcheck = TAILQ_NEXT(c, c_links.tqe);
464 		}
465 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&callwheel[c->c_time & callwheelmask], c,
466 		    c_links.tqe);
467 
468 		/*
469 		 * Part of the normal "stop a pending callout" process
470 		 * is to clear the CALLOUT_ACTIVE and CALLOUT_PENDING
471 		 * flags.  We're not going to bother doing that here,
472 		 * because we're going to be setting those flags ten lines
473 		 * after this point, and we're holding callout_lock
474 		 * between now and then.
475 		 */
476 	}
477 
478 	/*
479 	 * We could unlock callout_lock here and lock it again before the
480 	 * TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL, but there's no point since doing this setup
481 	 * doesn't take much time.
482 	 */
483 	if (to_ticks <= 0)
484 		to_ticks = 1;
485 
486 	c->c_arg = arg;
487 	c->c_flags |= (CALLOUT_ACTIVE | CALLOUT_PENDING);
488 	c->c_func = ftn;
489 	c->c_time = ticks + to_ticks;
490 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&callwheel[c->c_time & callwheelmask],
491 			  c, c_links.tqe);
492 	mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
493 }
494 
495 int
496 _callout_stop_safe(c, safe)
497 	struct	callout *c;
498 	int	safe;
499 {
500 	int use_mtx, wakeup_cookie;
501 
502 	if (!safe && c->c_mtx != NULL) {
503 #ifdef notyet /* Some callers do not hold Giant for Giant-locked callouts. */
504 		mtx_assert(c->c_mtx, MA_OWNED);
505 		use_mtx = 1;
506 #else
507 		use_mtx = mtx_owned(c->c_mtx);
508 #endif
509 	} else {
510 		use_mtx = 0;
511 	}
512 
513 	mtx_lock_spin(&callout_lock);
514 	/*
515 	 * Don't attempt to delete a callout that's not on the queue.
516 	 */
517 	if (!(c->c_flags & CALLOUT_PENDING)) {
518 		c->c_flags &= ~CALLOUT_ACTIVE;
519 		if (c != curr_callout) {
520 			mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
521 			return (0);
522 		}
523 		if (safe) {
524 			/* We need to wait until the callout is finished. */
525 			wakeup_needed = 1;
526 			wakeup_cookie = wakeup_ctr++;
527 			mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
528 			mtx_lock(&callout_wait_lock);
529 
530 			/*
531 			 * Check to make sure that softclock() didn't
532 			 * do the wakeup in between our dropping
533 			 * callout_lock and picking up callout_wait_lock
534 			 */
535 			if (wakeup_cookie - wakeup_done_ctr > 0)
536 				cv_wait(&callout_wait, &callout_wait_lock);
537 
538 			mtx_unlock(&callout_wait_lock);
539 		} else if (use_mtx && !curr_cancelled) {
540 			/* We can stop the callout before it runs. */
541 			curr_cancelled = 1;
542 			mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
543 			return (1);
544 		} else
545 			mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
546 		return (0);
547 	}
548 	c->c_flags &= ~(CALLOUT_ACTIVE | CALLOUT_PENDING);
549 
550 	if (nextsoftcheck == c) {
551 		nextsoftcheck = TAILQ_NEXT(c, c_links.tqe);
552 	}
553 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&callwheel[c->c_time & callwheelmask], c, c_links.tqe);
554 
555 	if (c->c_flags & CALLOUT_LOCAL_ALLOC) {
556 		c->c_func = NULL;
557 		SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&callfree, c, c_links.sle);
558 	}
559 	mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
560 	return (1);
561 }
562 
563 void
564 callout_init(c, mpsafe)
565 	struct	callout *c;
566 	int mpsafe;
567 {
568 	bzero(c, sizeof *c);
569 	if (mpsafe) {
570 		c->c_mtx = NULL;
571 		c->c_flags = CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED;
572 	} else {
573 		c->c_mtx = &Giant;
574 		c->c_flags = 0;
575 	}
576 }
577 
578 void
579 callout_init_mtx(c, mtx, flags)
580 	struct	callout *c;
581 	struct	mtx *mtx;
582 	int flags;
583 {
584 	bzero(c, sizeof *c);
585 	c->c_mtx = mtx;
586 	KASSERT((flags & ~CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED) == 0,
587 	    ("callout_init_mtx: bad flags %d", flags));
588 	/* CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED makes no sense without a mutex. */
589 	KASSERT(mtx != NULL || (flags & CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED) == 0,
590 	    ("callout_init_mtx: CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED with no mutex"));
591 	c->c_flags = flags & CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED;
592 }
593 
594 #ifdef APM_FIXUP_CALLTODO
595 /*
596  * Adjust the kernel calltodo timeout list.  This routine is used after
597  * an APM resume to recalculate the calltodo timer list values with the
598  * number of hz's we have been sleeping.  The next hardclock() will detect
599  * that there are fired timers and run softclock() to execute them.
600  *
601  * Please note, I have not done an exhaustive analysis of what code this
602  * might break.  I am motivated to have my select()'s and alarm()'s that
603  * have expired during suspend firing upon resume so that the applications
604  * which set the timer can do the maintanence the timer was for as close
605  * as possible to the originally intended time.  Testing this code for a
606  * week showed that resuming from a suspend resulted in 22 to 25 timers
607  * firing, which seemed independant on whether the suspend was 2 hours or
608  * 2 days.  Your milage may vary.   - Ken Key <key@cs.utk.edu>
609  */
610 void
611 adjust_timeout_calltodo(time_change)
612     struct timeval *time_change;
613 {
614 	register struct callout *p;
615 	unsigned long delta_ticks;
616 
617 	/*
618 	 * How many ticks were we asleep?
619 	 * (stolen from tvtohz()).
620 	 */
621 
622 	/* Don't do anything */
623 	if (time_change->tv_sec < 0)
624 		return;
625 	else if (time_change->tv_sec <= LONG_MAX / 1000000)
626 		delta_ticks = (time_change->tv_sec * 1000000 +
627 			       time_change->tv_usec + (tick - 1)) / tick + 1;
628 	else if (time_change->tv_sec <= LONG_MAX / hz)
629 		delta_ticks = time_change->tv_sec * hz +
630 			      (time_change->tv_usec + (tick - 1)) / tick + 1;
631 	else
632 		delta_ticks = LONG_MAX;
633 
634 	if (delta_ticks > INT_MAX)
635 		delta_ticks = INT_MAX;
636 
637 	/*
638 	 * Now rip through the timer calltodo list looking for timers
639 	 * to expire.
640 	 */
641 
642 	/* don't collide with softclock() */
643 	mtx_lock_spin(&callout_lock);
644 	for (p = calltodo.c_next; p != NULL; p = p->c_next) {
645 		p->c_time -= delta_ticks;
646 
647 		/* Break if the timer had more time on it than delta_ticks */
648 		if (p->c_time > 0)
649 			break;
650 
651 		/* take back the ticks the timer didn't use (p->c_time <= 0) */
652 		delta_ticks = -p->c_time;
653 	}
654 	mtx_unlock_spin(&callout_lock);
655 
656 	return;
657 }
658 #endif /* APM_FIXUP_CALLTODO */
659