xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_sendfile.c (revision 40427cca7a9ae77b095936fb1954417c290cfb17)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2013-2015 Gleb Smirnoff <glebius@FreeBSD.org>
3  * Copyright (c) 1998, David Greenman. All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
32 
33 #include "opt_compat.h"
34 
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <sys/systm.h>
37 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
38 #include <sys/kernel.h>
39 #include <sys/lock.h>
40 #include <sys/mutex.h>
41 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
42 #include <sys/malloc.h>
43 #include <sys/proc.h>
44 #include <sys/mman.h>
45 #include <sys/mount.h>
46 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
47 #include <sys/protosw.h>
48 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
49 #include <sys/sf_buf.h>
50 #include <sys/socket.h>
51 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
52 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
54 #include <sys/vnode.h>
55 
56 #include <net/vnet.h>
57 
58 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
59 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
60 
61 #include <vm/vm.h>
62 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
63 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
64 
65 /*
66  * Structure describing a single sendfile(2) I/O, which may consist of
67  * several underlying pager I/Os.
68  *
69  * The syscall context allocates the structure and initializes 'nios'
70  * to 1.  As sendfile_swapin() runs through pages and starts asynchronous
71  * paging operations, it increments 'nios'.
72  *
73  * Every I/O completion calls sendfile_iodone(), which decrements the 'nios',
74  * and the syscall also calls sendfile_iodone() after allocating all mbufs,
75  * linking them and sending to socket.  Whoever reaches zero 'nios' is
76  * responsible to * call pru_ready on the socket, to notify it of readyness
77  * of the data.
78  */
79 struct sf_io {
80 	volatile u_int	nios;
81 	u_int		error;
82 	int		npages;
83 	struct socket	*so;
84 	struct mbuf	*m;
85 	vm_page_t	pa[];
86 };
87 
88 /*
89  * Structure used to track requests with SF_SYNC flag.
90  */
91 struct sendfile_sync {
92 	struct mtx	mtx;
93 	struct cv	cv;
94 	unsigned	count;
95 };
96 
97 counter_u64_t sfstat[sizeof(struct sfstat) / sizeof(uint64_t)];
98 
99 static void
100 sfstat_init(const void *unused)
101 {
102 
103 	COUNTER_ARRAY_ALLOC(sfstat, sizeof(struct sfstat) / sizeof(uint64_t),
104 	    M_WAITOK);
105 }
106 SYSINIT(sfstat, SI_SUB_MBUF, SI_ORDER_FIRST, sfstat_init, NULL);
107 
108 static int
109 sfstat_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
110 {
111 	struct sfstat s;
112 
113 	COUNTER_ARRAY_COPY(sfstat, &s, sizeof(s) / sizeof(uint64_t));
114 	if (req->newptr)
115 		COUNTER_ARRAY_ZERO(sfstat, sizeof(s) / sizeof(uint64_t));
116 	return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, &s, sizeof(s)));
117 }
118 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_ipc, OID_AUTO, sfstat, CTLTYPE_OPAQUE | CTLFLAG_RW,
119     NULL, 0, sfstat_sysctl, "I", "sendfile statistics");
120 
121 /*
122  * Detach mapped page and release resources back to the system.  Called
123  * by mbuf(9) code when last reference to a page is freed.
124  */
125 void
126 sf_ext_free(void *arg1, void *arg2)
127 {
128 	struct sf_buf *sf = arg1;
129 	struct sendfile_sync *sfs = arg2;
130 	vm_page_t pg = sf_buf_page(sf);
131 
132 	sf_buf_free(sf);
133 
134 	vm_page_lock(pg);
135 	/*
136 	 * Check for the object going away on us. This can
137 	 * happen since we don't hold a reference to it.
138 	 * If so, we're responsible for freeing the page.
139 	 */
140 	if (vm_page_unwire(pg, PQ_INACTIVE) && pg->object == NULL)
141 		vm_page_free(pg);
142 	vm_page_unlock(pg);
143 
144 	if (sfs != NULL) {
145 		mtx_lock(&sfs->mtx);
146 		KASSERT(sfs->count > 0, ("Sendfile sync botchup count == 0"));
147 		if (--sfs->count == 0)
148 			cv_signal(&sfs->cv);
149 		mtx_unlock(&sfs->mtx);
150 	}
151 }
152 
153 /*
154  * Same as above, but forces the page to be detached from the object
155  * and go into free pool.
156  */
157 void
158 sf_ext_free_nocache(void *arg1, void *arg2)
159 {
160 	struct sf_buf *sf = arg1;
161 	struct sendfile_sync *sfs = arg2;
162 	vm_page_t pg = sf_buf_page(sf);
163 
164 	sf_buf_free(sf);
165 
166 	vm_page_lock(pg);
167 	if (vm_page_unwire(pg, PQ_NONE)) {
168 		vm_object_t obj;
169 
170 		/* Try to free the page, but only if it is cheap to. */
171 		if ((obj = pg->object) == NULL)
172 			vm_page_free(pg);
173 		else if (!vm_page_xbusied(pg) && VM_OBJECT_TRYWLOCK(obj)) {
174 			vm_page_free(pg);
175 			VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
176 		} else
177 			vm_page_deactivate(pg);
178 	}
179 	vm_page_unlock(pg);
180 
181 	if (sfs != NULL) {
182 		mtx_lock(&sfs->mtx);
183 		KASSERT(sfs->count > 0, ("Sendfile sync botchup count == 0"));
184 		if (--sfs->count == 0)
185 			cv_signal(&sfs->cv);
186 		mtx_unlock(&sfs->mtx);
187 	}
188 }
189 
190 /*
191  * Helper function to calculate how much data to put into page i of n.
192  * Only first and last pages are special.
193  */
194 static inline off_t
195 xfsize(int i, int n, off_t off, off_t len)
196 {
197 
198 	if (i == 0)
199 		return (omin(PAGE_SIZE - (off & PAGE_MASK), len));
200 
201 	if (i == n - 1 && ((off + len) & PAGE_MASK) > 0)
202 		return ((off + len) & PAGE_MASK);
203 
204 	return (PAGE_SIZE);
205 }
206 
207 /*
208  * Helper function to get offset within object for i page.
209  */
210 static inline vm_ooffset_t
211 vmoff(int i, off_t off)
212 {
213 
214 	if (i == 0)
215 		return ((vm_ooffset_t)off);
216 
217 	return (trunc_page(off + i * PAGE_SIZE));
218 }
219 
220 /*
221  * Helper function used when allocation of a page or sf_buf failed.
222  * Pretend as if we don't have enough space, subtract xfsize() of
223  * all pages that failed.
224  */
225 static inline void
226 fixspace(int old, int new, off_t off, int *space)
227 {
228 
229 	KASSERT(old > new, ("%s: old %d new %d", __func__, old, new));
230 
231 	/* Subtract last one. */
232 	*space -= xfsize(old - 1, old, off, *space);
233 	old--;
234 
235 	if (new == old)
236 		/* There was only one page. */
237 		return;
238 
239 	/* Subtract first one. */
240 	if (new == 0) {
241 		*space -= xfsize(0, old, off, *space);
242 		new++;
243 	}
244 
245 	/* Rest of pages are full sized. */
246 	*space -= (old - new) * PAGE_SIZE;
247 
248 	KASSERT(*space >= 0, ("%s: space went backwards", __func__));
249 }
250 
251 /*
252  * I/O completion callback.
253  */
254 static void
255 sendfile_iodone(void *arg, vm_page_t *pg, int count, int error)
256 {
257 	struct sf_io *sfio = arg;
258 	struct socket *so = sfio->so;
259 
260 	for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
261 		if (pg[i] != bogus_page)
262 			vm_page_xunbusy(pg[i]);
263 
264 	if (error)
265 		sfio->error = error;
266 
267 	if (!refcount_release(&sfio->nios))
268 		return;
269 
270 	if (sfio->error) {
271 		struct mbuf *m;
272 
273 		/*
274 		 * I/O operation failed.  The state of data in the socket
275 		 * is now inconsistent, and all what we can do is to tear
276 		 * it down. Protocol abort method would tear down protocol
277 		 * state, free all ready mbufs and detach not ready ones.
278 		 * We will free the mbufs corresponding to this I/O manually.
279 		 *
280 		 * The socket would be marked with EIO and made available
281 		 * for read, so that application receives EIO on next
282 		 * syscall and eventually closes the socket.
283 		 */
284 		so->so_proto->pr_usrreqs->pru_abort(so);
285 		so->so_error = EIO;
286 
287 		m = sfio->m;
288 		for (int i = 0; i < sfio->npages; i++)
289 			m = m_free(m);
290 	} else {
291 		CURVNET_SET(so->so_vnet);
292 		(void )(so->so_proto->pr_usrreqs->pru_ready)(so, sfio->m,
293 		    sfio->npages);
294 		CURVNET_RESTORE();
295 	}
296 
297 	SOCK_LOCK(so);
298 	sorele(so);
299 	free(sfio, M_TEMP);
300 }
301 
302 /*
303  * Iterate through pages vector and request paging for non-valid pages.
304  */
305 static int
306 sendfile_swapin(vm_object_t obj, struct sf_io *sfio, off_t off, off_t len,
307     int npages, int rhpages, int flags)
308 {
309 	vm_page_t *pa = sfio->pa;
310 	int grabbed, nios;
311 
312 	nios = 0;
313 	flags = (flags & SF_NODISKIO) ? VM_ALLOC_NOWAIT : 0;
314 
315 	/*
316 	 * First grab all the pages and wire them.  Note that we grab
317 	 * only required pages.  Readahead pages are dealt with later.
318 	 */
319 	VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(obj);
320 
321 	grabbed = vm_page_grab_pages(obj, OFF_TO_IDX(off),
322 	    VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_WIRED | flags, pa, npages);
323 	if (grabbed < npages) {
324 		for (int i = grabbed; i < npages; i++)
325 			pa[i] = NULL;
326 		npages = grabbed;
327 		rhpages = 0;
328 	}
329 
330 	for (int i = 0; i < npages;) {
331 		int j, a, count, rv;
332 
333 		/* Skip valid pages. */
334 		if (vm_page_is_valid(pa[i], vmoff(i, off) & PAGE_MASK,
335 		    xfsize(i, npages, off, len))) {
336 			vm_page_xunbusy(pa[i]);
337 			SFSTAT_INC(sf_pages_valid);
338 			i++;
339 			continue;
340 		}
341 
342 		/*
343 		 * Next page is invalid.  Check if it belongs to pager.  It
344 		 * may not be there, which is a regular situation for shmem
345 		 * pager.  For vnode pager this happens only in case of
346 		 * a sparse file.
347 		 *
348 		 * Important feature of vm_pager_has_page() is the hint
349 		 * stored in 'a', about how many pages we can pagein after
350 		 * this page in a single I/O.
351 		 */
352 		if (!vm_pager_has_page(obj, OFF_TO_IDX(vmoff(i, off)), NULL,
353 		    &a)) {
354 			pmap_zero_page(pa[i]);
355 			pa[i]->valid = VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL;
356 			MPASS(pa[i]->dirty == 0);
357 			vm_page_xunbusy(pa[i]);
358 			i++;
359 			continue;
360 		}
361 
362 		/*
363 		 * We want to pagein as many pages as possible, limited only
364 		 * by the 'a' hint and actual request.
365 		 */
366 		count = min(a + 1, npages - i);
367 
368 		/*
369 		 * We should not pagein into a valid page, thus we first trim
370 		 * any valid pages off the end of request, and substitute
371 		 * to bogus_page those, that are in the middle.
372 		 */
373 		for (j = i + count - 1; j > i; j--) {
374 			if (vm_page_is_valid(pa[j], vmoff(j, off) & PAGE_MASK,
375 			    xfsize(j, npages, off, len))) {
376 				count--;
377 				rhpages = 0;
378 			} else
379 				break;
380 		}
381 		for (j = i + 1; j < i + count - 1; j++)
382 			if (vm_page_is_valid(pa[j], vmoff(j, off) & PAGE_MASK,
383 			    xfsize(j, npages, off, len))) {
384 				vm_page_xunbusy(pa[j]);
385 				SFSTAT_INC(sf_pages_valid);
386 				SFSTAT_INC(sf_pages_bogus);
387 				pa[j] = bogus_page;
388 			}
389 
390 		refcount_acquire(&sfio->nios);
391 		rv = vm_pager_get_pages_async(obj, pa + i, count, NULL,
392 		    i + count == npages ? &rhpages : NULL,
393 		    &sendfile_iodone, sfio);
394 		KASSERT(rv == VM_PAGER_OK, ("%s: pager fail obj %p page %p",
395 		    __func__, obj, pa[i]));
396 
397 		SFSTAT_INC(sf_iocnt);
398 		SFSTAT_ADD(sf_pages_read, count);
399 		if (i + count == npages)
400 			SFSTAT_ADD(sf_rhpages_read, rhpages);
401 
402 		/*
403 		 * Restore the valid page pointers.  They are already
404 		 * unbusied, but still wired.
405 		 */
406 		for (j = i; j < i + count; j++)
407 			if (pa[j] == bogus_page) {
408 				pa[j] = vm_page_lookup(obj,
409 				    OFF_TO_IDX(vmoff(j, off)));
410 				KASSERT(pa[j], ("%s: page %p[%d] disappeared",
411 				    __func__, pa, j));
412 
413 			}
414 		i += count;
415 		nios++;
416 	}
417 
418 	VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
419 
420 	if (nios == 0 && npages != 0)
421 		SFSTAT_INC(sf_noiocnt);
422 
423 	return (nios);
424 }
425 
426 static int
427 sendfile_getobj(struct thread *td, struct file *fp, vm_object_t *obj_res,
428     struct vnode **vp_res, struct shmfd **shmfd_res, off_t *obj_size,
429     int *bsize)
430 {
431 	struct vattr va;
432 	vm_object_t obj;
433 	struct vnode *vp;
434 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
435 	int error;
436 
437 	vp = *vp_res = NULL;
438 	obj = NULL;
439 	shmfd = *shmfd_res = NULL;
440 	*bsize = 0;
441 
442 	/*
443 	 * The file descriptor must be a regular file and have a
444 	 * backing VM object.
445 	 */
446 	if (fp->f_type == DTYPE_VNODE) {
447 		vp = fp->f_vnode;
448 		vn_lock(vp, LK_SHARED | LK_RETRY);
449 		if (vp->v_type != VREG) {
450 			error = EINVAL;
451 			goto out;
452 		}
453 		*bsize = vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
454 		error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &va, td->td_ucred);
455 		if (error != 0)
456 			goto out;
457 		*obj_size = va.va_size;
458 		obj = vp->v_object;
459 		if (obj == NULL) {
460 			error = EINVAL;
461 			goto out;
462 		}
463 	} else if (fp->f_type == DTYPE_SHM) {
464 		error = 0;
465 		shmfd = fp->f_data;
466 		obj = shmfd->shm_object;
467 		*obj_size = shmfd->shm_size;
468 	} else {
469 		error = EINVAL;
470 		goto out;
471 	}
472 
473 	VM_OBJECT_WLOCK(obj);
474 	if ((obj->flags & OBJ_DEAD) != 0) {
475 		VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
476 		error = EBADF;
477 		goto out;
478 	}
479 
480 	/*
481 	 * Temporarily increase the backing VM object's reference
482 	 * count so that a forced reclamation of its vnode does not
483 	 * immediately destroy it.
484 	 */
485 	vm_object_reference_locked(obj);
486 	VM_OBJECT_WUNLOCK(obj);
487 	*obj_res = obj;
488 	*vp_res = vp;
489 	*shmfd_res = shmfd;
490 
491 out:
492 	if (vp != NULL)
493 		VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0);
494 	return (error);
495 }
496 
497 static int
498 sendfile_getsock(struct thread *td, int s, struct file **sock_fp,
499     struct socket **so)
500 {
501 	cap_rights_t rights;
502 	int error;
503 
504 	*sock_fp = NULL;
505 	*so = NULL;
506 
507 	/*
508 	 * The socket must be a stream socket and connected.
509 	 */
510 	error = getsock_cap(td, s, cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_SEND),
511 	    sock_fp, NULL, NULL);
512 	if (error != 0)
513 		return (error);
514 	*so = (*sock_fp)->f_data;
515 	if ((*so)->so_type != SOCK_STREAM)
516 		return (EINVAL);
517 	if (((*so)->so_state & SS_ISCONNECTED) == 0)
518 		return (ENOTCONN);
519 	return (0);
520 }
521 
522 int
523 vn_sendfile(struct file *fp, int sockfd, struct uio *hdr_uio,
524     struct uio *trl_uio, off_t offset, size_t nbytes, off_t *sent, int flags,
525     struct thread *td)
526 {
527 	struct file *sock_fp;
528 	struct vnode *vp;
529 	struct vm_object *obj;
530 	struct socket *so;
531 	struct mbuf *m, *mh, *mhtail;
532 	struct sf_buf *sf;
533 	struct shmfd *shmfd;
534 	struct sendfile_sync *sfs;
535 	struct vattr va;
536 	off_t off, sbytes, rem, obj_size;
537 	int error, softerr, bsize, hdrlen;
538 
539 	obj = NULL;
540 	so = NULL;
541 	m = mh = NULL;
542 	sfs = NULL;
543 	hdrlen = sbytes = 0;
544 	softerr = 0;
545 
546 	error = sendfile_getobj(td, fp, &obj, &vp, &shmfd, &obj_size, &bsize);
547 	if (error != 0)
548 		return (error);
549 
550 	error = sendfile_getsock(td, sockfd, &sock_fp, &so);
551 	if (error != 0)
552 		goto out;
553 
554 #ifdef MAC
555 	error = mac_socket_check_send(td->td_ucred, so);
556 	if (error != 0)
557 		goto out;
558 #endif
559 
560 	SFSTAT_INC(sf_syscalls);
561 	SFSTAT_ADD(sf_rhpages_requested, SF_READAHEAD(flags));
562 
563 	if (flags & SF_SYNC) {
564 		sfs = malloc(sizeof *sfs, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
565 		mtx_init(&sfs->mtx, "sendfile", NULL, MTX_DEF);
566 		cv_init(&sfs->cv, "sendfile");
567 	}
568 
569 	rem = nbytes ? omin(nbytes, obj_size - offset) : obj_size - offset;
570 
571 	/*
572 	 * Protect against multiple writers to the socket.
573 	 *
574 	 * XXXRW: Historically this has assumed non-interruptibility, so now
575 	 * we implement that, but possibly shouldn't.
576 	 */
577 	(void)sblock(&so->so_snd, SBL_WAIT | SBL_NOINTR);
578 
579 	/*
580 	 * Loop through the pages of the file, starting with the requested
581 	 * offset. Get a file page (do I/O if necessary), map the file page
582 	 * into an sf_buf, attach an mbuf header to the sf_buf, and queue
583 	 * it on the socket.
584 	 * This is done in two loops.  The inner loop turns as many pages
585 	 * as it can, up to available socket buffer space, without blocking
586 	 * into mbufs to have it bulk delivered into the socket send buffer.
587 	 * The outer loop checks the state and available space of the socket
588 	 * and takes care of the overall progress.
589 	 */
590 	for (off = offset; rem > 0; ) {
591 		struct sf_io *sfio;
592 		vm_page_t *pa;
593 		struct mbuf *mtail;
594 		int nios, space, npages, rhpages;
595 
596 		mtail = NULL;
597 		/*
598 		 * Check the socket state for ongoing connection,
599 		 * no errors and space in socket buffer.
600 		 * If space is low allow for the remainder of the
601 		 * file to be processed if it fits the socket buffer.
602 		 * Otherwise block in waiting for sufficient space
603 		 * to proceed, or if the socket is nonblocking, return
604 		 * to userland with EAGAIN while reporting how far
605 		 * we've come.
606 		 * We wait until the socket buffer has significant free
607 		 * space to do bulk sends.  This makes good use of file
608 		 * system read ahead and allows packet segmentation
609 		 * offloading hardware to take over lots of work.  If
610 		 * we were not careful here we would send off only one
611 		 * sfbuf at a time.
612 		 */
613 		SOCKBUF_LOCK(&so->so_snd);
614 		if (so->so_snd.sb_lowat < so->so_snd.sb_hiwat / 2)
615 			so->so_snd.sb_lowat = so->so_snd.sb_hiwat / 2;
616 retry_space:
617 		if (so->so_snd.sb_state & SBS_CANTSENDMORE) {
618 			error = EPIPE;
619 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
620 			goto done;
621 		} else if (so->so_error) {
622 			error = so->so_error;
623 			so->so_error = 0;
624 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
625 			goto done;
626 		}
627 		space = sbspace(&so->so_snd);
628 		if (space < rem &&
629 		    (space <= 0 ||
630 		     space < so->so_snd.sb_lowat)) {
631 			if (so->so_state & SS_NBIO) {
632 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
633 				error = EAGAIN;
634 				goto done;
635 			}
636 			/*
637 			 * sbwait drops the lock while sleeping.
638 			 * When we loop back to retry_space the
639 			 * state may have changed and we retest
640 			 * for it.
641 			 */
642 			error = sbwait(&so->so_snd);
643 			/*
644 			 * An error from sbwait usually indicates that we've
645 			 * been interrupted by a signal. If we've sent anything
646 			 * then return bytes sent, otherwise return the error.
647 			 */
648 			if (error != 0) {
649 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
650 				goto done;
651 			}
652 			goto retry_space;
653 		}
654 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
655 
656 		/*
657 		 * At the beginning of the first loop check if any headers
658 		 * are specified and copy them into mbufs.  Reduce space in
659 		 * the socket buffer by the size of the header mbuf chain.
660 		 * Clear hdr_uio here and hdrlen at the end of the first loop.
661 		 */
662 		if (hdr_uio != NULL && hdr_uio->uio_resid > 0) {
663 			hdr_uio->uio_td = td;
664 			hdr_uio->uio_rw = UIO_WRITE;
665 			mh = m_uiotombuf(hdr_uio, M_WAITOK, space, 0, 0);
666 			hdrlen = m_length(mh, &mhtail);
667 			space -= hdrlen;
668 			/*
669 			 * If header consumed all the socket buffer space,
670 			 * don't waste CPU cycles and jump to the end.
671 			 */
672 			if (space == 0) {
673 				sfio = NULL;
674 				nios = 0;
675 				goto prepend_header;
676 			}
677 			hdr_uio = NULL;
678 		}
679 
680 		if (vp != NULL) {
681 			error = vn_lock(vp, LK_SHARED);
682 			if (error != 0)
683 				goto done;
684 			error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &va, td->td_ucred);
685 			if (error != 0 || off >= va.va_size) {
686 				VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0);
687 				goto done;
688 			}
689 			if (va.va_size != obj_size) {
690 				obj_size = va.va_size;
691 				rem = nbytes ?
692 				    omin(nbytes + offset, obj_size) : obj_size;
693 				rem -= off;
694 			}
695 		}
696 
697 		if (space > rem)
698 			space = rem;
699 
700 		npages = howmany(space + (off & PAGE_MASK), PAGE_SIZE);
701 
702 		/*
703 		 * Calculate maximum allowed number of pages for readahead
704 		 * at this iteration.  If SF_USER_READAHEAD was set, we don't
705 		 * do any heuristics and use exactly the value supplied by
706 		 * application.  Otherwise, we allow readahead up to "rem".
707 		 * If application wants more, let it be, but there is no
708 		 * reason to go above MAXPHYS.  Also check against "obj_size",
709 		 * since vm_pager_has_page() can hint beyond EOF.
710 		 */
711 		if (flags & SF_USER_READAHEAD) {
712 			rhpages = SF_READAHEAD(flags);
713 		} else {
714 			rhpages = howmany(rem + (off & PAGE_MASK), PAGE_SIZE) -
715 			    npages;
716 			rhpages += SF_READAHEAD(flags);
717 		}
718 		rhpages = min(howmany(MAXPHYS, PAGE_SIZE), rhpages);
719 		rhpages = min(howmany(obj_size - trunc_page(off), PAGE_SIZE) -
720 		    npages, rhpages);
721 
722 		sfio = malloc(sizeof(struct sf_io) +
723 		    npages * sizeof(vm_page_t), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
724 		refcount_init(&sfio->nios, 1);
725 		sfio->so = so;
726 		sfio->error = 0;
727 
728 		nios = sendfile_swapin(obj, sfio, off, space, npages, rhpages,
729 		    flags);
730 
731 		/*
732 		 * Loop and construct maximum sized mbuf chain to be bulk
733 		 * dumped into socket buffer.
734 		 */
735 		pa = sfio->pa;
736 		for (int i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
737 			struct mbuf *m0;
738 
739 			/*
740 			 * If a page wasn't grabbed successfully, then
741 			 * trim the array. Can happen only with SF_NODISKIO.
742 			 */
743 			if (pa[i] == NULL) {
744 				SFSTAT_INC(sf_busy);
745 				fixspace(npages, i, off, &space);
746 				npages = i;
747 				softerr = EBUSY;
748 				break;
749 			}
750 
751 			/*
752 			 * Get a sendfile buf.  When allocating the
753 			 * first buffer for mbuf chain, we usually
754 			 * wait as long as necessary, but this wait
755 			 * can be interrupted.  For consequent
756 			 * buffers, do not sleep, since several
757 			 * threads might exhaust the buffers and then
758 			 * deadlock.
759 			 */
760 			sf = sf_buf_alloc(pa[i],
761 			    m != NULL ? SFB_NOWAIT : SFB_CATCH);
762 			if (sf == NULL) {
763 				SFSTAT_INC(sf_allocfail);
764 				for (int j = i; j < npages; j++) {
765 					vm_page_lock(pa[j]);
766 					vm_page_unwire(pa[j], PQ_INACTIVE);
767 					vm_page_unlock(pa[j]);
768 				}
769 				if (m == NULL)
770 					softerr = ENOBUFS;
771 				fixspace(npages, i, off, &space);
772 				npages = i;
773 				break;
774 			}
775 
776 			m0 = m_get(M_WAITOK, MT_DATA);
777 			m0->m_ext.ext_buf = (char *)sf_buf_kva(sf);
778 			m0->m_ext.ext_size = PAGE_SIZE;
779 			m0->m_ext.ext_arg1 = sf;
780 			m0->m_ext.ext_arg2 = sfs;
781 			/*
782 			 * SF_NOCACHE sets the page as being freed upon send.
783 			 * However, we ignore it for the last page in 'space',
784 			 * if the page is truncated, and we got more data to
785 			 * send (rem > space), or if we have readahead
786 			 * configured (rhpages > 0).
787 			 */
788 			if ((flags & SF_NOCACHE) == 0 ||
789 			    (i == npages - 1 &&
790 			    ((off + space) & PAGE_MASK) &&
791 			    (rem > space || rhpages > 0)))
792 				m0->m_ext.ext_type = EXT_SFBUF;
793 			else
794 				m0->m_ext.ext_type = EXT_SFBUF_NOCACHE;
795 			m0->m_ext.ext_flags = EXT_FLAG_EMBREF;
796 			m0->m_ext.ext_count = 1;
797 			m0->m_flags |= (M_EXT | M_RDONLY);
798 			if (nios)
799 				m0->m_flags |= M_NOTREADY;
800 			m0->m_data = (char *)sf_buf_kva(sf) +
801 			    (vmoff(i, off) & PAGE_MASK);
802 			m0->m_len = xfsize(i, npages, off, space);
803 
804 			if (i == 0)
805 				sfio->m = m0;
806 
807 			/* Append to mbuf chain. */
808 			if (mtail != NULL)
809 				mtail->m_next = m0;
810 			else
811 				m = m0;
812 			mtail = m0;
813 
814 			if (sfs != NULL) {
815 				mtx_lock(&sfs->mtx);
816 				sfs->count++;
817 				mtx_unlock(&sfs->mtx);
818 			}
819 		}
820 
821 		if (vp != NULL)
822 			VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0);
823 
824 		/* Keep track of bytes processed. */
825 		off += space;
826 		rem -= space;
827 
828 		/* Prepend header, if any. */
829 		if (hdrlen) {
830 prepend_header:
831 			mhtail->m_next = m;
832 			m = mh;
833 			mh = NULL;
834 		}
835 
836 		if (m == NULL) {
837 			KASSERT(softerr, ("%s: m NULL, no error", __func__));
838 			error = softerr;
839 			free(sfio, M_TEMP);
840 			goto done;
841 		}
842 
843 		/* Add the buffer chain to the socket buffer. */
844 		KASSERT(m_length(m, NULL) == space + hdrlen,
845 		    ("%s: mlen %u space %d hdrlen %d",
846 		    __func__, m_length(m, NULL), space, hdrlen));
847 
848 		CURVNET_SET(so->so_vnet);
849 		if (nios == 0) {
850 			/*
851 			 * If sendfile_swapin() didn't initiate any I/Os,
852 			 * which happens if all data is cached in VM, then
853 			 * we can send data right now without the
854 			 * PRUS_NOTREADY flag.
855 			 */
856 			free(sfio, M_TEMP);
857 			error = (*so->so_proto->pr_usrreqs->pru_send)
858 			    (so, 0, m, NULL, NULL, td);
859 		} else {
860 			sfio->npages = npages;
861 			soref(so);
862 			error = (*so->so_proto->pr_usrreqs->pru_send)
863 			    (so, PRUS_NOTREADY, m, NULL, NULL, td);
864 			sendfile_iodone(sfio, NULL, 0, 0);
865 		}
866 		CURVNET_RESTORE();
867 
868 		m = NULL;	/* pru_send always consumes */
869 		if (error)
870 			goto done;
871 		sbytes += space + hdrlen;
872 		if (hdrlen)
873 			hdrlen = 0;
874 		if (softerr) {
875 			error = softerr;
876 			goto done;
877 		}
878 	}
879 
880 	/*
881 	 * Send trailers. Wimp out and use writev(2).
882 	 */
883 	if (trl_uio != NULL) {
884 		sbunlock(&so->so_snd);
885 		error = kern_writev(td, sockfd, trl_uio);
886 		if (error == 0)
887 			sbytes += td->td_retval[0];
888 		goto out;
889 	}
890 
891 done:
892 	sbunlock(&so->so_snd);
893 out:
894 	/*
895 	 * If there was no error we have to clear td->td_retval[0]
896 	 * because it may have been set by writev.
897 	 */
898 	if (error == 0) {
899 		td->td_retval[0] = 0;
900 	}
901 	if (sent != NULL) {
902 		(*sent) = sbytes;
903 	}
904 	if (obj != NULL)
905 		vm_object_deallocate(obj);
906 	if (so)
907 		fdrop(sock_fp, td);
908 	if (m)
909 		m_freem(m);
910 	if (mh)
911 		m_freem(mh);
912 
913 	if (sfs != NULL) {
914 		mtx_lock(&sfs->mtx);
915 		if (sfs->count != 0)
916 			cv_wait(&sfs->cv, &sfs->mtx);
917 		KASSERT(sfs->count == 0, ("sendfile sync still busy"));
918 		cv_destroy(&sfs->cv);
919 		mtx_destroy(&sfs->mtx);
920 		free(sfs, M_TEMP);
921 	}
922 
923 	if (error == ERESTART)
924 		error = EINTR;
925 
926 	return (error);
927 }
928 
929 static int
930 sendfile(struct thread *td, struct sendfile_args *uap, int compat)
931 {
932 	struct sf_hdtr hdtr;
933 	struct uio *hdr_uio, *trl_uio;
934 	struct file *fp;
935 	cap_rights_t rights;
936 	off_t sbytes;
937 	int error;
938 
939 	/*
940 	 * File offset must be positive.  If it goes beyond EOF
941 	 * we send only the header/trailer and no payload data.
942 	 */
943 	if (uap->offset < 0)
944 		return (EINVAL);
945 
946 	sbytes = 0;
947 	hdr_uio = trl_uio = NULL;
948 
949 	if (uap->hdtr != NULL) {
950 		error = copyin(uap->hdtr, &hdtr, sizeof(hdtr));
951 		if (error != 0)
952 			goto out;
953 		if (hdtr.headers != NULL) {
954 			error = copyinuio(hdtr.headers, hdtr.hdr_cnt,
955 			    &hdr_uio);
956 			if (error != 0)
957 				goto out;
958 #ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD4
959 			/*
960 			 * In FreeBSD < 5.0 the nbytes to send also included
961 			 * the header.  If compat is specified subtract the
962 			 * header size from nbytes.
963 			 */
964 			if (compat) {
965 				if (uap->nbytes > hdr_uio->uio_resid)
966 					uap->nbytes -= hdr_uio->uio_resid;
967 				else
968 					uap->nbytes = 0;
969 			}
970 #endif
971 		}
972 		if (hdtr.trailers != NULL) {
973 			error = copyinuio(hdtr.trailers, hdtr.trl_cnt,
974 			    &trl_uio);
975 			if (error != 0)
976 				goto out;
977 		}
978 	}
979 
980 	AUDIT_ARG_FD(uap->fd);
981 
982 	/*
983 	 * sendfile(2) can start at any offset within a file so we require
984 	 * CAP_READ+CAP_SEEK = CAP_PREAD.
985 	 */
986 	if ((error = fget_read(td, uap->fd,
987 	    cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_PREAD), &fp)) != 0) {
988 		goto out;
989 	}
990 
991 	error = fo_sendfile(fp, uap->s, hdr_uio, trl_uio, uap->offset,
992 	    uap->nbytes, &sbytes, uap->flags, td);
993 	fdrop(fp, td);
994 
995 	if (uap->sbytes != NULL)
996 		copyout(&sbytes, uap->sbytes, sizeof(off_t));
997 
998 out:
999 	free(hdr_uio, M_IOV);
1000 	free(trl_uio, M_IOV);
1001 	return (error);
1002 }
1003 
1004 /*
1005  * sendfile(2)
1006  *
1007  * int sendfile(int fd, int s, off_t offset, size_t nbytes,
1008  *       struct sf_hdtr *hdtr, off_t *sbytes, int flags)
1009  *
1010  * Send a file specified by 'fd' and starting at 'offset' to a socket
1011  * specified by 's'. Send only 'nbytes' of the file or until EOF if nbytes ==
1012  * 0.  Optionally add a header and/or trailer to the socket output.  If
1013  * specified, write the total number of bytes sent into *sbytes.
1014  */
1015 int
1016 sys_sendfile(struct thread *td, struct sendfile_args *uap)
1017 {
1018 
1019 	return (sendfile(td, uap, 0));
1020 }
1021 
1022 #ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1023 int
1024 freebsd4_sendfile(struct thread *td, struct freebsd4_sendfile_args *uap)
1025 {
1026 	struct sendfile_args args;
1027 
1028 	args.fd = uap->fd;
1029 	args.s = uap->s;
1030 	args.offset = uap->offset;
1031 	args.nbytes = uap->nbytes;
1032 	args.hdtr = uap->hdtr;
1033 	args.sbytes = uap->sbytes;
1034 	args.flags = uap->flags;
1035 
1036 	return (sendfile(td, &args, 1));
1037 }
1038 #endif /* COMPAT_FREEBSD4 */
1039