xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_priv.c (revision 39ee7a7a6bdd1557b1c3532abf60d139798ac88b)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2006 nCircle Network Security, Inc.
3  * Copyright (c) 2009 Robert N. M. Watson
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * This software was developed by Robert N. M. Watson for the TrustedBSD
7  * Project under contract to nCircle Network Security, Inc.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR, NCIRCLE NETWORK SECURITY,
22  * INC., OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
23  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
24  * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
25  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
26  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
27  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
28  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
29  */
30 
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
33 
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/jail.h>
36 #include <sys/kernel.h>
37 #include <sys/priv.h>
38 #include <sys/proc.h>
39 #include <sys/sdt.h>
40 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
41 #include <sys/systm.h>
42 
43 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
44 
45 /*
46  * `suser_enabled' (which can be set by the security.bsd.suser_enabled
47  * sysctl) determines whether the system 'super-user' policy is in effect.  If
48  * it is nonzero, an effective uid of 0 connotes special privilege,
49  * overriding many mandatory and discretionary protections.  If it is zero,
50  * uid 0 is offered no special privilege in the kernel security policy.
51  * Setting it to zero may seriously impact the functionality of many existing
52  * userland programs, and should not be done without careful consideration of
53  * the consequences.
54  */
55 static int	suser_enabled = 1;
56 SYSCTL_INT(_security_bsd, OID_AUTO, suser_enabled, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
57     &suser_enabled, 0, "processes with uid 0 have privilege");
58 
59 static int	unprivileged_mlock = 1;
60 SYSCTL_INT(_security_bsd, OID_AUTO, unprivileged_mlock, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
61     &unprivileged_mlock, 0, "Allow non-root users to call mlock(2)");
62 
63 SDT_PROVIDER_DEFINE(priv);
64 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE1(priv, kernel, priv_check, priv__ok, "int");
65 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE1(priv, kernel, priv_check, priv__err, "int");
66 
67 /*
68  * Check a credential for privilege.  Lots of good reasons to deny privilege;
69  * only a few to grant it.
70  */
71 int
72 priv_check_cred(struct ucred *cred, int priv, int flags)
73 {
74 	int error;
75 
76 	KASSERT(PRIV_VALID(priv), ("priv_check_cred: invalid privilege %d",
77 	    priv));
78 
79 	/*
80 	 * We first evaluate policies that may deny the granting of
81 	 * privilege unilaterally.
82 	 */
83 #ifdef MAC
84 	error = mac_priv_check(cred, priv);
85 	if (error)
86 		goto out;
87 #endif
88 
89 	/*
90 	 * Jail policy will restrict certain privileges that may otherwise be
91 	 * be granted.
92 	 */
93 	error = prison_priv_check(cred, priv);
94 	if (error)
95 		goto out;
96 
97 	if (unprivileged_mlock) {
98 		/*
99 		 * Allow unprivileged users to call mlock(2)/munlock(2) and
100 		 * mlockall(2)/munlockall(2).
101 		 */
102 		switch (priv) {
103 		case PRIV_VM_MLOCK:
104 		case PRIV_VM_MUNLOCK:
105 			error = 0;
106 			goto out;
107 		}
108 	}
109 
110 	/*
111 	 * Having determined if privilege is restricted by various policies,
112 	 * now determine if privilege is granted.  At this point, any policy
113 	 * may grant privilege.  For now, we allow short-circuit boolean
114 	 * evaluation, so may not call all policies.  Perhaps we should.
115 	 *
116 	 * Superuser policy grants privilege based on the effective (or in
117 	 * the case of specific privileges, real) uid being 0.  We allow the
118 	 * superuser policy to be globally disabled, although this is
119 	 * currenty of limited utility.
120 	 */
121 	if (suser_enabled) {
122 		switch (priv) {
123 		case PRIV_MAXFILES:
124 		case PRIV_MAXPROC:
125 		case PRIV_PROC_LIMIT:
126 			if (cred->cr_ruid == 0) {
127 				error = 0;
128 				goto out;
129 			}
130 			break;
131 		default:
132 			if (cred->cr_uid == 0) {
133 				error = 0;
134 				goto out;
135 			}
136 			break;
137 		}
138 	}
139 
140 	/*
141 	 * Writes to kernel/physical memory are a typical root-only operation,
142 	 * but non-root users are expected to be able to read it (provided they
143 	 * have permission to access /dev/[k]mem).
144 	 */
145 	if (priv == PRIV_KMEM_READ) {
146 		error = 0;
147 		goto out;
148 	}
149 
150 	/*
151 	 * Now check with MAC, if enabled, to see if a policy module grants
152 	 * privilege.
153 	 */
154 #ifdef MAC
155 	if (mac_priv_grant(cred, priv) == 0) {
156 		error = 0;
157 		goto out;
158 	}
159 #endif
160 
161 	/*
162 	 * The default is deny, so if no policies have granted it, reject
163 	 * with a privilege error here.
164 	 */
165 	error = EPERM;
166 out:
167 	if (error)
168 		SDT_PROBE1(priv, kernel, priv_check, priv__err, priv);
169 	else
170 		SDT_PROBE1(priv, kernel, priv_check, priv__ok, priv);
171 	return (error);
172 }
173 
174 int
175 priv_check(struct thread *td, int priv)
176 {
177 
178 	KASSERT(td == curthread, ("priv_check: td != curthread"));
179 
180 	return (priv_check_cred(td->td_ucred, priv, 0));
181 }
182