xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_poll.c (revision 00a5db46de56179184c0f000eaacad695e2b0859)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2001-2002 Luigi Rizzo
3  *
4  * Supported by: the Xorp Project (www.xorp.org)
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
29 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
30 
31 #include "opt_route.h"
32 #include "opt_device_polling.h"
33 
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/systm.h>
36 #include <sys/kernel.h>
37 #include <sys/kthread.h>
38 #include <sys/proc.h>
39 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
40 #include <sys/socket.h>			/* needed by net/if.h		*/
41 #include <sys/sockio.h>
42 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
43 #include <sys/syslog.h>
44 #include <sys/vimage.h>
45 
46 #include <net/if.h>			/* for IFF_* flags		*/
47 #include <net/netisr.h>			/* for NETISR_POLL		*/
48 #include <net/route.h>
49 #include <net/vnet.h>
50 
51 static void netisr_poll(void);		/* the two netisr handlers      */
52 static void netisr_pollmore(void);
53 static int poll_switch(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
54 
55 void hardclock_device_poll(void);	/* hook from hardclock		*/
56 
57 static struct mtx	poll_mtx;
58 
59 /*
60  * Polling support for [network] device drivers.
61  *
62  * Drivers which support this feature can register with the
63  * polling code.
64  *
65  * If registration is successful, the driver must disable interrupts,
66  * and further I/O is performed through the handler, which is invoked
67  * (at least once per clock tick) with 3 arguments: the "arg" passed at
68  * register time (a struct ifnet pointer), a command, and a "count" limit.
69  *
70  * The command can be one of the following:
71  *  POLL_ONLY: quick move of "count" packets from input/output queues.
72  *  POLL_AND_CHECK_STATUS: as above, plus check status registers or do
73  *	other more expensive operations. This command is issued periodically
74  *	but less frequently than POLL_ONLY.
75  *
76  * The count limit specifies how much work the handler can do during the
77  * call -- typically this is the number of packets to be received, or
78  * transmitted, etc. (drivers are free to interpret this number, as long
79  * as the max time spent in the function grows roughly linearly with the
80  * count).
81  *
82  * Polling is enabled and disabled via setting IFCAP_POLLING flag on
83  * the interface. The driver ioctl handler should register interface
84  * with polling and disable interrupts, if registration was successful.
85  *
86  * A second variable controls the sharing of CPU between polling/kernel
87  * network processing, and other activities (typically userlevel tasks):
88  * kern.polling.user_frac (between 0 and 100, default 50) sets the share
89  * of CPU allocated to user tasks. CPU is allocated proportionally to the
90  * shares, by dynamically adjusting the "count" (poll_burst).
91  *
92  * Other parameters can should be left to their default values.
93  * The following constraints hold
94  *
95  *	1 <= poll_each_burst <= poll_burst <= poll_burst_max
96  *	0 <= poll_each_burst
97  *	MIN_POLL_BURST_MAX <= poll_burst_max <= MAX_POLL_BURST_MAX
98  */
99 
100 #define MIN_POLL_BURST_MAX	10
101 #define MAX_POLL_BURST_MAX	1000
102 
103 static uint32_t poll_burst = 5;
104 static uint32_t poll_burst_max = 150;	/* good for 100Mbit net and HZ=1000 */
105 static uint32_t poll_each_burst = 5;
106 
107 SYSCTL_NODE(_kern, OID_AUTO, polling, CTLFLAG_RW, 0,
108 	"Device polling parameters");
109 
110 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, burst, CTLFLAG_RD,
111 	&poll_burst, 0, "Current polling burst size");
112 
113 static int poll_burst_max_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
114 {
115 	uint32_t val = poll_burst_max;
116 	int error;
117 
118 	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &val, 0, req);
119 	if (error || !req->newptr )
120 		return (error);
121 	if (val < MIN_POLL_BURST_MAX || val > MAX_POLL_BURST_MAX)
122 		return (EINVAL);
123 
124 	mtx_lock(&poll_mtx);
125 	poll_burst_max = val;
126 	if (poll_burst > poll_burst_max)
127 		poll_burst = poll_burst_max;
128 	if (poll_each_burst > poll_burst_max)
129 		poll_each_burst = MIN_POLL_BURST_MAX;
130 	mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
131 
132 	return (0);
133 }
134 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, burst_max, CTLTYPE_UINT | CTLFLAG_RW,
135 	0, sizeof(uint32_t), poll_burst_max_sysctl, "I", "Max Polling burst size");
136 
137 static int poll_each_burst_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
138 {
139 	uint32_t val = poll_each_burst;
140 	int error;
141 
142 	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &val, 0, req);
143 	if (error || !req->newptr )
144 		return (error);
145 	if (val < 1)
146 		return (EINVAL);
147 
148 	mtx_lock(&poll_mtx);
149 	if (val > poll_burst_max) {
150 		mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
151 		return (EINVAL);
152 	}
153 	poll_each_burst = val;
154 	mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
155 
156 	return (0);
157 }
158 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, each_burst, CTLTYPE_UINT | CTLFLAG_RW,
159 	0, sizeof(uint32_t), poll_each_burst_sysctl, "I",
160 	"Max size of each burst");
161 
162 static uint32_t poll_in_idle_loop=0;	/* do we poll in idle loop ? */
163 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, idle_poll, CTLFLAG_RW,
164 	&poll_in_idle_loop, 0, "Enable device polling in idle loop");
165 
166 static uint32_t user_frac = 50;
167 static int user_frac_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
168 {
169 	uint32_t val = user_frac;
170 	int error;
171 
172 	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &val, 0, req);
173 	if (error || !req->newptr )
174 		return (error);
175 	if (val < 0 || val > 99)
176 		return (EINVAL);
177 
178 	mtx_lock(&poll_mtx);
179 	user_frac = val;
180 	mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
181 
182 	return (0);
183 }
184 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, user_frac, CTLTYPE_UINT | CTLFLAG_RW,
185 	0, sizeof(uint32_t), user_frac_sysctl, "I",
186 	"Desired user fraction of cpu time");
187 
188 static uint32_t reg_frac_count = 0;
189 static uint32_t reg_frac = 20 ;
190 static int reg_frac_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
191 {
192 	uint32_t val = reg_frac;
193 	int error;
194 
195 	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &val, 0, req);
196 	if (error || !req->newptr )
197 		return (error);
198 	if (val < 1 || val > hz)
199 		return (EINVAL);
200 
201 	mtx_lock(&poll_mtx);
202 	reg_frac = val;
203 	if (reg_frac_count >= reg_frac)
204 		reg_frac_count = 0;
205 	mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
206 
207 	return (0);
208 }
209 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, reg_frac, CTLTYPE_UINT | CTLFLAG_RW,
210 	0, sizeof(uint32_t), reg_frac_sysctl, "I",
211 	"Every this many cycles check registers");
212 
213 static uint32_t short_ticks;
214 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, short_ticks, CTLFLAG_RD,
215 	&short_ticks, 0, "Hardclock ticks shorter than they should be");
216 
217 static uint32_t lost_polls;
218 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, lost_polls, CTLFLAG_RD,
219 	&lost_polls, 0, "How many times we would have lost a poll tick");
220 
221 static uint32_t pending_polls;
222 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, pending_polls, CTLFLAG_RD,
223 	&pending_polls, 0, "Do we need to poll again");
224 
225 static int residual_burst = 0;
226 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, residual_burst, CTLFLAG_RD,
227 	&residual_burst, 0, "# of residual cycles in burst");
228 
229 static uint32_t poll_handlers; /* next free entry in pr[]. */
230 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, handlers, CTLFLAG_RD,
231 	&poll_handlers, 0, "Number of registered poll handlers");
232 
233 static int polling = 0;
234 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, enable, CTLTYPE_UINT | CTLFLAG_RW,
235 	0, sizeof(int), poll_switch, "I", "Switch polling for all interfaces");
236 
237 static uint32_t phase;
238 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, phase, CTLFLAG_RD,
239 	&phase, 0, "Polling phase");
240 
241 static uint32_t suspect;
242 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, suspect, CTLFLAG_RD,
243 	&suspect, 0, "suspect event");
244 
245 static uint32_t stalled;
246 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, stalled, CTLFLAG_RD,
247 	&stalled, 0, "potential stalls");
248 
249 static uint32_t idlepoll_sleeping; /* idlepoll is sleeping */
250 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_polling, OID_AUTO, idlepoll_sleeping, CTLFLAG_RD,
251 	&idlepoll_sleeping, 0, "idlepoll is sleeping");
252 
253 
254 #define POLL_LIST_LEN  128
255 struct pollrec {
256 	poll_handler_t	*handler;
257 	struct ifnet	*ifp;
258 };
259 
260 static struct pollrec pr[POLL_LIST_LEN];
261 
262 static void
263 init_device_poll(void)
264 {
265 
266 	mtx_init(&poll_mtx, "polling", NULL, MTX_DEF);
267 	netisr_register(NETISR_POLL, (netisr_t *)netisr_poll, NULL, 0);
268 	netisr_register(NETISR_POLLMORE, (netisr_t *)netisr_pollmore, NULL, 0);
269 }
270 SYSINIT(device_poll, SI_SUB_CLOCKS, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE, init_device_poll, NULL);
271 
272 
273 /*
274  * Hook from hardclock. Tries to schedule a netisr, but keeps track
275  * of lost ticks due to the previous handler taking too long.
276  * Normally, this should not happen, because polling handler should
277  * run for a short time. However, in some cases (e.g. when there are
278  * changes in link status etc.) the drivers take a very long time
279  * (even in the order of milliseconds) to reset and reconfigure the
280  * device, causing apparent lost polls.
281  *
282  * The first part of the code is just for debugging purposes, and tries
283  * to count how often hardclock ticks are shorter than they should,
284  * meaning either stray interrupts or delayed events.
285  */
286 void
287 hardclock_device_poll(void)
288 {
289 	static struct timeval prev_t, t;
290 	int delta;
291 
292 	if (poll_handlers == 0)
293 		return;
294 
295 	microuptime(&t);
296 	delta = (t.tv_usec - prev_t.tv_usec) +
297 		(t.tv_sec - prev_t.tv_sec)*1000000;
298 	if (delta * hz < 500000)
299 		short_ticks++;
300 	else
301 		prev_t = t;
302 
303 	if (pending_polls > 100) {
304 		/*
305 		 * Too much, assume it has stalled (not always true
306 		 * see comment above).
307 		 */
308 		stalled++;
309 		pending_polls = 0;
310 		phase = 0;
311 	}
312 
313 	if (phase <= 2) {
314 		if (phase != 0)
315 			suspect++;
316 		phase = 1;
317 		schednetisrbits(1 << NETISR_POLL | 1 << NETISR_POLLMORE);
318 		phase = 2;
319 	}
320 	if (pending_polls++ > 0)
321 		lost_polls++;
322 }
323 
324 /*
325  * ether_poll is called from the idle loop.
326  */
327 static void
328 ether_poll(int count)
329 {
330 	int i;
331 
332 	mtx_lock(&poll_mtx);
333 
334 	if (count > poll_each_burst)
335 		count = poll_each_burst;
336 
337 	for (i = 0 ; i < poll_handlers ; i++)
338 		pr[i].handler(pr[i].ifp, POLL_ONLY, count);
339 
340 	mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
341 }
342 
343 /*
344  * netisr_pollmore is called after other netisr's, possibly scheduling
345  * another NETISR_POLL call, or adapting the burst size for the next cycle.
346  *
347  * It is very bad to fetch large bursts of packets from a single card at once,
348  * because the burst could take a long time to be completely processed, or
349  * could saturate the intermediate queue (ipintrq or similar) leading to
350  * losses or unfairness. To reduce the problem, and also to account better for
351  * time spent in network-related processing, we split the burst in smaller
352  * chunks of fixed size, giving control to the other netisr's between chunks.
353  * This helps in improving the fairness, reducing livelock (because we
354  * emulate more closely the "process to completion" that we have with
355  * fastforwarding) and accounting for the work performed in low level
356  * handling and forwarding.
357  */
358 
359 static struct timeval poll_start_t;
360 
361 void
362 netisr_pollmore()
363 {
364 	struct timeval t;
365 	int kern_load;
366 
367 	mtx_lock(&poll_mtx);
368 	phase = 5;
369 	if (residual_burst > 0) {
370 		schednetisrbits(1 << NETISR_POLL | 1 << NETISR_POLLMORE);
371 		mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
372 		/* will run immediately on return, followed by netisrs */
373 		return;
374 	}
375 	/* here we can account time spent in netisr's in this tick */
376 	microuptime(&t);
377 	kern_load = (t.tv_usec - poll_start_t.tv_usec) +
378 		(t.tv_sec - poll_start_t.tv_sec)*1000000;	/* us */
379 	kern_load = (kern_load * hz) / 10000;			/* 0..100 */
380 	if (kern_load > (100 - user_frac)) { /* try decrease ticks */
381 		if (poll_burst > 1)
382 			poll_burst--;
383 	} else {
384 		if (poll_burst < poll_burst_max)
385 			poll_burst++;
386 	}
387 
388 	pending_polls--;
389 	if (pending_polls == 0) /* we are done */
390 		phase = 0;
391 	else {
392 		/*
393 		 * Last cycle was long and caused us to miss one or more
394 		 * hardclock ticks. Restart processing again, but slightly
395 		 * reduce the burst size to prevent that this happens again.
396 		 */
397 		poll_burst -= (poll_burst / 8);
398 		if (poll_burst < 1)
399 			poll_burst = 1;
400 		schednetisrbits(1 << NETISR_POLL | 1 << NETISR_POLLMORE);
401 		phase = 6;
402 	}
403 	mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
404 }
405 
406 /*
407  * netisr_poll is scheduled by schednetisr when appropriate, typically once
408  * per tick.
409  */
410 static void
411 netisr_poll(void)
412 {
413 	int i, cycles;
414 	enum poll_cmd arg = POLL_ONLY;
415 
416 	mtx_lock(&poll_mtx);
417 	phase = 3;
418 	if (residual_burst == 0) { /* first call in this tick */
419 		microuptime(&poll_start_t);
420 		if (++reg_frac_count == reg_frac) {
421 			arg = POLL_AND_CHECK_STATUS;
422 			reg_frac_count = 0;
423 		}
424 
425 		residual_burst = poll_burst;
426 	}
427 	cycles = (residual_burst < poll_each_burst) ?
428 		residual_burst : poll_each_burst;
429 	residual_burst -= cycles;
430 
431 	for (i = 0 ; i < poll_handlers ; i++)
432 		pr[i].handler(pr[i].ifp, arg, cycles);
433 
434 	phase = 4;
435 	mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
436 }
437 
438 /*
439  * Try to register routine for polling. Returns 0 if successful
440  * (and polling should be enabled), error code otherwise.
441  * A device is not supposed to register itself multiple times.
442  *
443  * This is called from within the *_ioctl() functions.
444  */
445 int
446 ether_poll_register(poll_handler_t *h, struct ifnet *ifp)
447 {
448 	int i;
449 
450 	KASSERT(h != NULL, ("%s: handler is NULL", __func__));
451 	KASSERT(ifp != NULL, ("%s: ifp is NULL", __func__));
452 
453 	mtx_lock(&poll_mtx);
454 	if (poll_handlers >= POLL_LIST_LEN) {
455 		/*
456 		 * List full, cannot register more entries.
457 		 * This should never happen; if it does, it is probably a
458 		 * broken driver trying to register multiple times. Checking
459 		 * this at runtime is expensive, and won't solve the problem
460 		 * anyways, so just report a few times and then give up.
461 		 */
462 		static int verbose = 10 ;
463 		if (verbose >0) {
464 			log(LOG_ERR, "poll handlers list full, "
465 			    "maybe a broken driver ?\n");
466 			verbose--;
467 		}
468 		mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
469 		return (ENOMEM); /* no polling for you */
470 	}
471 
472 	for (i = 0 ; i < poll_handlers ; i++)
473 		if (pr[i].ifp == ifp && pr[i].handler != NULL) {
474 			mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
475 			log(LOG_DEBUG, "ether_poll_register: %s: handler"
476 			    " already registered\n", ifp->if_xname);
477 			return (EEXIST);
478 		}
479 
480 	pr[poll_handlers].handler = h;
481 	pr[poll_handlers].ifp = ifp;
482 	poll_handlers++;
483 	mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
484 	if (idlepoll_sleeping)
485 		wakeup(&idlepoll_sleeping);
486 	return (0);
487 }
488 
489 /*
490  * Remove interface from the polling list. Called from *_ioctl(), too.
491  */
492 int
493 ether_poll_deregister(struct ifnet *ifp)
494 {
495 	int i;
496 
497 	KASSERT(ifp != NULL, ("%s: ifp is NULL", __func__));
498 
499 	mtx_lock(&poll_mtx);
500 
501 	for (i = 0 ; i < poll_handlers ; i++)
502 		if (pr[i].ifp == ifp) /* found it */
503 			break;
504 	if (i == poll_handlers) {
505 		log(LOG_DEBUG, "ether_poll_deregister: %s: not found!\n",
506 		    ifp->if_xname);
507 		mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
508 		return (ENOENT);
509 	}
510 	poll_handlers--;
511 	if (i < poll_handlers) { /* Last entry replaces this one. */
512 		pr[i].handler = pr[poll_handlers].handler;
513 		pr[i].ifp = pr[poll_handlers].ifp;
514 	}
515 	mtx_unlock(&poll_mtx);
516 	return (0);
517 }
518 
519 /*
520  * Legacy interface for turning polling on all interfaces at one time.
521  */
522 static int
523 poll_switch(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
524 {
525 	INIT_VNET_NET(curvnet);
526 	struct ifnet *ifp;
527 	int error;
528 	int val = polling;
529 
530 	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &val, 0, req);
531 	if (error || !req->newptr )
532 		return (error);
533 
534 	if (val == polling)
535 		return (0);
536 
537 	if (val < 0 || val > 1)
538 		return (EINVAL);
539 
540 	polling = val;
541 
542 	IFNET_RLOCK();
543 	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifp, &V_ifnet, if_link) {
544 		if (ifp->if_capabilities & IFCAP_POLLING) {
545 			struct ifreq ifr;
546 
547 			if (val == 1)
548 				ifr.ifr_reqcap =
549 				    ifp->if_capenable | IFCAP_POLLING;
550 			else
551 				ifr.ifr_reqcap =
552 				    ifp->if_capenable & ~IFCAP_POLLING;
553 			(void) (*ifp->if_ioctl)(ifp, SIOCSIFCAP, (caddr_t)&ifr);
554 		}
555 	}
556 	IFNET_RUNLOCK();
557 
558 	log(LOG_ERR, "kern.polling.enable is deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)");
559 
560 	return (0);
561 }
562 
563 static void
564 poll_idle(void)
565 {
566 	struct thread *td = curthread;
567 	struct rtprio rtp;
568 
569 	rtp.prio = RTP_PRIO_MAX;	/* lowest priority */
570 	rtp.type = RTP_PRIO_IDLE;
571 	PROC_SLOCK(td->td_proc);
572 	rtp_to_pri(&rtp, td);
573 	PROC_SUNLOCK(td->td_proc);
574 
575 	for (;;) {
576 		if (poll_in_idle_loop && poll_handlers > 0) {
577 			idlepoll_sleeping = 0;
578 			ether_poll(poll_each_burst);
579 			thread_lock(td);
580 			mi_switch(SW_VOL, NULL);
581 			thread_unlock(td);
582 		} else {
583 			idlepoll_sleeping = 1;
584 			tsleep(&idlepoll_sleeping, 0, "pollid", hz * 3);
585 		}
586 	}
587 }
588 
589 static struct proc *idlepoll;
590 static struct kproc_desc idlepoll_kp = {
591 	 "idlepoll",
592 	 poll_idle,
593 	 &idlepoll
594 };
595 SYSINIT(idlepoll, SI_SUB_KTHREAD_VM, SI_ORDER_ANY, kproc_start,
596     &idlepoll_kp);
597