xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_exec.c (revision cacdd70cc751fb68dec4b86c5e5b8c969b6e26ef)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1993, David Greenman
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_hwpmc_hooks.h"
31 #include "opt_kdtrace.h"
32 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
33 #include "opt_mac.h"
34 #include "opt_vm.h"
35 
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/systm.h>
38 #include <sys/eventhandler.h>
39 #include <sys/lock.h>
40 #include <sys/mutex.h>
41 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
42 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
43 #include <sys/kernel.h>
44 #include <sys/mount.h>
45 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
46 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
47 #include <sys/acct.h>
48 #include <sys/exec.h>
49 #include <sys/imgact.h>
50 #include <sys/imgact_elf.h>
51 #include <sys/wait.h>
52 #include <sys/malloc.h>
53 #include <sys/priv.h>
54 #include <sys/proc.h>
55 #include <sys/pioctl.h>
56 #include <sys/namei.h>
57 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
58 #include <sys/sdt.h>
59 #include <sys/sf_buf.h>
60 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
61 #include <sys/sysent.h>
62 #include <sys/shm.h>
63 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
64 #include <sys/vnode.h>
65 #ifdef KTRACE
66 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
67 #endif
68 
69 #include <vm/vm.h>
70 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
71 #include <vm/pmap.h>
72 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
73 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
74 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
75 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
76 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
77 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
78 
79 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
80 #include <sys/pmckern.h>
81 #endif
82 
83 #include <machine/reg.h>
84 
85 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
86 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
87 
88 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
89 #include <sys/dtrace_bsd.h>
90 dtrace_execexit_func_t	dtrace_fasttrap_exec;
91 #endif
92 
93 SDT_PROVIDER_DECLARE(proc);
94 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE(proc, kernel, , exec);
95 SDT_PROBE_ARGTYPE(proc, kernel, , exec, 0, "char *");
96 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE(proc, kernel, , exec_failure);
97 SDT_PROBE_ARGTYPE(proc, kernel, , exec_failure, 0, "int");
98 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE(proc, kernel, , exec_success);
99 SDT_PROBE_ARGTYPE(proc, kernel, , exec_success, 0, "char *");
100 
101 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_PARGS, "proc-args", "Process arguments");
102 
103 static int sysctl_kern_ps_strings(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
104 static int sysctl_kern_usrstack(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
105 static int sysctl_kern_stackprot(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
106 static int do_execve(struct thread *td, struct image_args *args,
107     struct mac *mac_p);
108 static void exec_free_args(struct image_args *);
109 
110 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
111 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_PS_STRINGS, ps_strings, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
112     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_ps_strings, "LU", "");
113 
114 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
115 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_USRSTACK, usrstack, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
116     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_usrstack, "LU", "");
117 
118 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, OID_AUTO, stackprot, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RD,
119     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_stackprot, "I", "");
120 
121 u_long ps_arg_cache_limit = PAGE_SIZE / 16;
122 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, ps_arg_cache_limit, CTLFLAG_RW,
123     &ps_arg_cache_limit, 0, "");
124 
125 static int
126 sysctl_kern_ps_strings(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
127 {
128 	struct proc *p;
129 	int error;
130 
131 	p = curproc;
132 #ifdef SCTL_MASK32
133 	if (req->flags & SCTL_MASK32) {
134 		unsigned int val;
135 		val = (unsigned int)p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings;
136 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &val, sizeof(val));
137 	} else
138 #endif
139 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings,
140 		   sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings));
141 	return error;
142 }
143 
144 static int
145 sysctl_kern_usrstack(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
146 {
147 	struct proc *p;
148 	int error;
149 
150 	p = curproc;
151 #ifdef SCTL_MASK32
152 	if (req->flags & SCTL_MASK32) {
153 		unsigned int val;
154 		val = (unsigned int)p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack;
155 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &val, sizeof(val));
156 	} else
157 #endif
158 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack,
159 		    sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack));
160 	return error;
161 }
162 
163 static int
164 sysctl_kern_stackprot(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
165 {
166 	struct proc *p;
167 
168 	p = curproc;
169 	return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_stackprot,
170 	    sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_stackprot)));
171 }
172 
173 /*
174  * Each of the items is a pointer to a `const struct execsw', hence the
175  * double pointer here.
176  */
177 static const struct execsw **execsw;
178 
179 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
180 struct execve_args {
181 	char    *fname;
182 	char    **argv;
183 	char    **envv;
184 };
185 #endif
186 
187 int
188 execve(td, uap)
189 	struct thread *td;
190 	struct execve_args /* {
191 		char *fname;
192 		char **argv;
193 		char **envv;
194 	} */ *uap;
195 {
196 	int error;
197 	struct image_args args;
198 
199 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, uap->fname, UIO_USERSPACE,
200 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
201 	if (error == 0)
202 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, NULL);
203 	return (error);
204 }
205 
206 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
207 struct fexecve_args {
208 	int	fd;
209 	char	**argv;
210 	char	**envv;
211 }
212 #endif
213 int
214 fexecve(struct thread *td, struct fexecve_args *uap)
215 {
216 	int error;
217 	struct image_args args;
218 
219 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, NULL, UIO_SYSSPACE,
220 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
221 	if (error == 0) {
222 		args.fd = uap->fd;
223 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, NULL);
224 	}
225 	return (error);
226 }
227 
228 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
229 struct __mac_execve_args {
230 	char	*fname;
231 	char	**argv;
232 	char	**envv;
233 	struct mac	*mac_p;
234 };
235 #endif
236 
237 int
238 __mac_execve(td, uap)
239 	struct thread *td;
240 	struct __mac_execve_args /* {
241 		char *fname;
242 		char **argv;
243 		char **envv;
244 		struct mac *mac_p;
245 	} */ *uap;
246 {
247 #ifdef MAC
248 	int error;
249 	struct image_args args;
250 
251 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, uap->fname, UIO_USERSPACE,
252 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
253 	if (error == 0)
254 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, uap->mac_p);
255 	return (error);
256 #else
257 	return (ENOSYS);
258 #endif
259 }
260 
261 /*
262  * XXX: kern_execve has the astonishing property of not always returning to
263  * the caller.  If sufficiently bad things happen during the call to
264  * do_execve(), it can end up calling exit1(); as a result, callers must
265  * avoid doing anything which they might need to undo (e.g., allocating
266  * memory).
267  */
268 int
269 kern_execve(td, args, mac_p)
270 	struct thread *td;
271 	struct image_args *args;
272 	struct mac *mac_p;
273 {
274 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
275 	int error;
276 
277 	AUDIT_ARG(argv, args->begin_argv, args->argc,
278 	    args->begin_envv - args->begin_argv);
279 	AUDIT_ARG(envv, args->begin_envv, args->envc,
280 	    args->endp - args->begin_envv);
281 	if (p->p_flag & P_HADTHREADS) {
282 		PROC_LOCK(p);
283 		if (thread_single(SINGLE_BOUNDARY)) {
284 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
285 	       		exec_free_args(args);
286 			return (ERESTART);	/* Try again later. */
287 		}
288 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
289 	}
290 
291 	error = do_execve(td, args, mac_p);
292 
293 	if (p->p_flag & P_HADTHREADS) {
294 		PROC_LOCK(p);
295 		/*
296 		 * If success, we upgrade to SINGLE_EXIT state to
297 		 * force other threads to suicide.
298 		 */
299 		if (error == 0)
300 			thread_single(SINGLE_EXIT);
301 		else
302 			thread_single_end();
303 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
304 	}
305 
306 	return (error);
307 }
308 
309 /*
310  * In-kernel implementation of execve().  All arguments are assumed to be
311  * userspace pointers from the passed thread.
312  */
313 static int
314 do_execve(td, args, mac_p)
315 	struct thread *td;
316 	struct image_args *args;
317 	struct mac *mac_p;
318 {
319 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
320 	struct nameidata nd, *ndp;
321 	struct ucred *newcred = NULL, *oldcred;
322 	struct uidinfo *euip;
323 	register_t *stack_base;
324 	int error, len = 0, i;
325 	struct image_params image_params, *imgp;
326 	struct vattr attr;
327 	int (*img_first)(struct image_params *);
328 	struct pargs *oldargs = NULL, *newargs = NULL;
329 	struct sigacts *oldsigacts, *newsigacts;
330 #ifdef KTRACE
331 	struct vnode *tracevp = NULL;
332 	struct ucred *tracecred = NULL;
333 #endif
334 	struct vnode *textvp = NULL, *binvp = NULL;
335 	int credential_changing;
336 	int vfslocked;
337 	int textset;
338 #ifdef MAC
339 	struct label *interplabel = NULL;
340 	int will_transition;
341 #endif
342 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
343 	struct pmckern_procexec pe;
344 #endif
345 	static const char fexecv_proc_title[] = "(fexecv)";
346 
347 	vfslocked = 0;
348 	imgp = &image_params;
349 
350 	/*
351 	 * Lock the process and set the P_INEXEC flag to indicate that
352 	 * it should be left alone until we're done here.  This is
353 	 * necessary to avoid race conditions - e.g. in ptrace() -
354 	 * that might allow a local user to illicitly obtain elevated
355 	 * privileges.
356 	 */
357 	PROC_LOCK(p);
358 	KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_INEXEC) == 0,
359 	    ("%s(): process already has P_INEXEC flag", __func__));
360 	p->p_flag |= P_INEXEC;
361 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
362 
363 	/*
364 	 * Initialize part of the common data
365 	 */
366 	imgp->proc = p;
367 	imgp->execlabel = NULL;
368 	imgp->attr = &attr;
369 	imgp->entry_addr = 0;
370 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 0;
371 	imgp->interpreted = 0;
372 	imgp->opened = 0;
373 	imgp->interpreter_name = args->buf + PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX;
374 	imgp->auxargs = NULL;
375 	imgp->vp = NULL;
376 	imgp->object = NULL;
377 	imgp->firstpage = NULL;
378 	imgp->ps_strings = 0;
379 	imgp->auxarg_size = 0;
380 	imgp->args = args;
381 
382 #ifdef MAC
383 	error = mac_execve_enter(imgp, mac_p);
384 	if (error)
385 		goto exec_fail;
386 #endif
387 
388 	imgp->image_header = NULL;
389 
390 	SDT_PROBE(proc, kernel, , exec, args->fname, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
391 
392 	/*
393 	 * Translate the file name. namei() returns a vnode pointer
394 	 *	in ni_vp amoung other things.
395 	 *
396 	 * XXXAUDIT: It would be desirable to also audit the name of the
397 	 * interpreter if this is an interpreted binary.
398 	 */
399 	if (args->fname != NULL) {
400 		ndp = &nd;
401 		NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, ISOPEN | LOCKLEAF | FOLLOW | SAVENAME
402 		    | MPSAFE | AUDITVNODE1, UIO_SYSSPACE, args->fname, td);
403 	}
404 
405 interpret:
406 	if (args->fname != NULL) {
407 		error = namei(ndp);
408 		if (error)
409 			goto exec_fail;
410 
411 		vfslocked = NDHASGIANT(ndp);
412 		binvp  = ndp->ni_vp;
413 		imgp->vp = binvp;
414 	} else {
415 		error = fgetvp(td, args->fd, &binvp);
416 		if (error)
417 			goto exec_fail;
418 		vfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(binvp->v_mount);
419 		vn_lock(binvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
420 		imgp->vp = binvp;
421 	}
422 
423 	/*
424 	 * Check file permissions (also 'opens' file)
425 	 */
426 	error = exec_check_permissions(imgp);
427 	if (error)
428 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
429 
430 	imgp->object = imgp->vp->v_object;
431 	if (imgp->object != NULL)
432 		vm_object_reference(imgp->object);
433 
434 	/*
435 	 * Set VV_TEXT now so no one can write to the executable while we're
436 	 * activating it.
437 	 *
438 	 * Remember if this was set before and unset it in case this is not
439 	 * actually an executable image.
440 	 */
441 	textset = imgp->vp->v_vflag & VV_TEXT;
442 	imgp->vp->v_vflag |= VV_TEXT;
443 
444 	error = exec_map_first_page(imgp);
445 	if (error)
446 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
447 
448 	imgp->proc->p_osrel = 0;
449 	/*
450 	 *	If the current process has a special image activator it
451 	 *	wants to try first, call it.   For example, emulating shell
452 	 *	scripts differently.
453 	 */
454 	error = -1;
455 	if ((img_first = imgp->proc->p_sysent->sv_imgact_try) != NULL)
456 		error = img_first(imgp);
457 
458 	/*
459 	 *	Loop through the list of image activators, calling each one.
460 	 *	An activator returns -1 if there is no match, 0 on success,
461 	 *	and an error otherwise.
462 	 */
463 	for (i = 0; error == -1 && execsw[i]; ++i) {
464 		if (execsw[i]->ex_imgact == NULL ||
465 		    execsw[i]->ex_imgact == img_first) {
466 			continue;
467 		}
468 		error = (*execsw[i]->ex_imgact)(imgp);
469 	}
470 
471 	if (error) {
472 		if (error == -1) {
473 			if (textset == 0)
474 				imgp->vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_TEXT;
475 			error = ENOEXEC;
476 		}
477 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
478 	}
479 
480 	/*
481 	 * Special interpreter operation, cleanup and loop up to try to
482 	 * activate the interpreter.
483 	 */
484 	if (imgp->interpreted) {
485 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
486 		/*
487 		 * VV_TEXT needs to be unset for scripts.  There is a short
488 		 * period before we determine that something is a script where
489 		 * VV_TEXT will be set. The vnode lock is held over this
490 		 * entire period so nothing should illegitimately be blocked.
491 		 */
492 		imgp->vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_TEXT;
493 		/* free name buffer and old vnode */
494 		if (args->fname != NULL)
495 			NDFREE(ndp, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
496 #ifdef MAC
497 		interplabel = mac_vnode_label_alloc();
498 		mac_vnode_copy_label(binvp->v_label, interplabel);
499 #endif
500 		if (imgp->opened) {
501 			VOP_CLOSE(binvp, FREAD, td->td_ucred, td);
502 			imgp->opened = 0;
503 		}
504 		vput(binvp);
505 		vm_object_deallocate(imgp->object);
506 		imgp->object = NULL;
507 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
508 		vfslocked = 0;
509 		/* set new name to that of the interpreter */
510 		NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, LOCKLEAF | FOLLOW | SAVENAME | MPSAFE,
511 		    UIO_SYSSPACE, imgp->interpreter_name, td);
512 		args->fname = imgp->interpreter_name;
513 		goto interpret;
514 	}
515 
516 	/*
517 	 * Copy out strings (args and env) and initialize stack base
518 	 */
519 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_copyout_strings)
520 		stack_base = (*p->p_sysent->sv_copyout_strings)(imgp);
521 	else
522 		stack_base = exec_copyout_strings(imgp);
523 
524 	/*
525 	 * If custom stack fixup routine present for this process
526 	 * let it do the stack setup.
527 	 * Else stuff argument count as first item on stack
528 	 */
529 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_fixup != NULL)
530 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_fixup)(&stack_base, imgp);
531 	else
532 		suword(--stack_base, imgp->args->argc);
533 
534 	/*
535 	 * For security and other reasons, the file descriptor table cannot
536 	 * be shared after an exec.
537 	 */
538 	fdunshare(p, td);
539 
540 	/*
541 	 * Malloc things before we need locks.
542 	 */
543 	newcred = crget();
544 	euip = uifind(attr.va_uid);
545 	i = imgp->args->begin_envv - imgp->args->begin_argv;
546 	/* Cache arguments if they fit inside our allowance */
547 	if (ps_arg_cache_limit >= i + sizeof(struct pargs)) {
548 		newargs = pargs_alloc(i);
549 		bcopy(imgp->args->begin_argv, newargs->ar_args, i);
550 	}
551 
552 	/* close files on exec */
553 	VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
554 	fdcloseexec(td);
555 	vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
556 
557 	/* Get a reference to the vnode prior to locking the proc */
558 	VREF(binvp);
559 
560 	/*
561 	 * For security and other reasons, signal handlers cannot
562 	 * be shared after an exec. The new process gets a copy of the old
563 	 * handlers. In execsigs(), the new process will have its signals
564 	 * reset.
565 	 */
566 	PROC_LOCK(p);
567 	if (sigacts_shared(p->p_sigacts)) {
568 		oldsigacts = p->p_sigacts;
569 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
570 		newsigacts = sigacts_alloc();
571 		sigacts_copy(newsigacts, oldsigacts);
572 		PROC_LOCK(p);
573 		p->p_sigacts = newsigacts;
574 	} else
575 		oldsigacts = NULL;
576 
577 	/* Stop profiling */
578 	stopprofclock(p);
579 
580 	/* reset caught signals */
581 	execsigs(p);
582 
583 	/* name this process - nameiexec(p, ndp) */
584 	if (args->fname) {
585 		len = min(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen,MAXCOMLEN);
586 		bcopy(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, p->p_comm, len);
587 	} else {
588 		len = MAXCOMLEN;
589 		if (vn_commname(binvp, p->p_comm, MAXCOMLEN + 1) == 0)
590 			len = MAXCOMLEN;
591 		else {
592 			len = sizeof(fexecv_proc_title);
593 			bcopy(fexecv_proc_title, p->p_comm, len);
594 		}
595 	}
596 	p->p_comm[len] = 0;
597 	bcopy(p->p_comm, td->td_name, sizeof(td->td_name));
598 
599 	/*
600 	 * mark as execed, wakeup the process that vforked (if any) and tell
601 	 * it that it now has its own resources back
602 	 */
603 	p->p_flag |= P_EXEC;
604 	if (p->p_pptr && (p->p_flag & P_PPWAIT)) {
605 		p->p_flag &= ~P_PPWAIT;
606 		wakeup(p->p_pptr);
607 	}
608 
609 	/*
610 	 * Implement image setuid/setgid.
611 	 *
612 	 * Don't honor setuid/setgid if the filesystem prohibits it or if
613 	 * the process is being traced.
614 	 *
615 	 * XXXMAC: For the time being, use NOSUID to also prohibit
616 	 * transitions on the file system.
617 	 */
618 	oldcred = p->p_ucred;
619 	credential_changing = 0;
620 	credential_changing |= (attr.va_mode & VSUID) && oldcred->cr_uid !=
621 	    attr.va_uid;
622 	credential_changing |= (attr.va_mode & VSGID) && oldcred->cr_gid !=
623 	    attr.va_gid;
624 #ifdef MAC
625 	will_transition = mac_vnode_execve_will_transition(oldcred, imgp->vp,
626 	    interplabel, imgp);
627 	credential_changing |= will_transition;
628 #endif
629 
630 	if (credential_changing &&
631 	    (imgp->vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID) == 0 &&
632 	    (p->p_flag & P_TRACED) == 0) {
633 		/*
634 		 * Turn off syscall tracing for set-id programs, except for
635 		 * root.  Record any set-id flags first to make sure that
636 		 * we do not regain any tracing during a possible block.
637 		 */
638 		setsugid(p);
639 
640 #ifdef KTRACE
641 		if (p->p_tracevp != NULL &&
642 		    priv_check_cred(oldcred, PRIV_DEBUG_DIFFCRED, 0)) {
643 			mtx_lock(&ktrace_mtx);
644 			p->p_traceflag = 0;
645 			tracevp = p->p_tracevp;
646 			p->p_tracevp = NULL;
647 			tracecred = p->p_tracecred;
648 			p->p_tracecred = NULL;
649 			mtx_unlock(&ktrace_mtx);
650 		}
651 #endif
652 		/*
653 		 * Close any file descriptors 0..2 that reference procfs,
654 		 * then make sure file descriptors 0..2 are in use.
655 		 *
656 		 * setugidsafety() may call closef() and then pfind()
657 		 * which may grab the process lock.
658 		 * fdcheckstd() may call falloc() which may block to
659 		 * allocate memory, so temporarily drop the process lock.
660 		 */
661 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
662 		setugidsafety(td);
663 		VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
664 		error = fdcheckstd(td);
665 		vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
666 		if (error != 0)
667 			goto done1;
668 		PROC_LOCK(p);
669 		/*
670 		 * Set the new credentials.
671 		 */
672 		crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
673 		if (attr.va_mode & VSUID)
674 			change_euid(newcred, euip);
675 		if (attr.va_mode & VSGID)
676 			change_egid(newcred, attr.va_gid);
677 #ifdef MAC
678 		if (will_transition) {
679 			mac_vnode_execve_transition(oldcred, newcred, imgp->vp,
680 			    interplabel, imgp);
681 		}
682 #endif
683 		/*
684 		 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
685 		 *
686 		 * XXXMAC: Note that the current logic will save the
687 		 * uid and gid if a MAC domain transition occurs, even
688 		 * though maybe it shouldn't.
689 		 */
690 		change_svuid(newcred, newcred->cr_uid);
691 		change_svgid(newcred, newcred->cr_gid);
692 		p->p_ucred = newcred;
693 		newcred = NULL;
694 	} else {
695 		if (oldcred->cr_uid == oldcred->cr_ruid &&
696 		    oldcred->cr_gid == oldcred->cr_rgid)
697 			p->p_flag &= ~P_SUGID;
698 		/*
699 		 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
700 		 *
701 		 * XXX: It's not clear that the existing behavior is
702 		 * POSIX-compliant.  A number of sources indicate that the
703 		 * saved uid/gid should only be updated if the new ruid is
704 		 * not equal to the old ruid, or the new euid is not equal
705 		 * to the old euid and the new euid is not equal to the old
706 		 * ruid.  The FreeBSD code always updates the saved uid/gid.
707 		 * Also, this code uses the new (replaced) euid and egid as
708 		 * the source, which may or may not be the right ones to use.
709 		 */
710 		if (oldcred->cr_svuid != oldcred->cr_uid ||
711 		    oldcred->cr_svgid != oldcred->cr_gid) {
712 			crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
713 			change_svuid(newcred, newcred->cr_uid);
714 			change_svgid(newcred, newcred->cr_gid);
715 			p->p_ucred = newcred;
716 			newcred = NULL;
717 		}
718 	}
719 
720 	/*
721 	 * Store the vp for use in procfs.  This vnode was referenced prior
722 	 * to locking the proc lock.
723 	 */
724 	textvp = p->p_textvp;
725 	p->p_textvp = binvp;
726 
727 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
728 	/*
729 	 * Tell the DTrace fasttrap provider about the exec if it
730 	 * has declared an interest.
731 	 */
732 	if (dtrace_fasttrap_exec)
733 		dtrace_fasttrap_exec(p);
734 #endif
735 
736 	/*
737 	 * Notify others that we exec'd, and clear the P_INEXEC flag
738 	 * as we're now a bona fide freshly-execed process.
739 	 */
740 	KNOTE_LOCKED(&p->p_klist, NOTE_EXEC);
741 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
742 
743 	/*
744 	 * If tracing the process, trap to debugger so breakpoints
745 	 * can be set before the program executes.
746 	 * Use tdsignal to deliver signal to current thread, use
747 	 * psignal may cause the signal to be delivered to wrong thread
748 	 * because that thread will exit, remember we are going to enter
749 	 * single thread mode.
750 	 */
751 	if (p->p_flag & P_TRACED)
752 		tdsignal(p, td, SIGTRAP, NULL);
753 
754 	/* clear "fork but no exec" flag, as we _are_ execing */
755 	p->p_acflag &= ~AFORK;
756 
757 	/*
758 	 * Free any previous argument cache and replace it with
759 	 * the new argument cache, if any.
760 	 */
761 	oldargs = p->p_args;
762 	p->p_args = newargs;
763 	newargs = NULL;
764 
765 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
766 	/*
767 	 * Check if system-wide sampling is in effect or if the
768 	 * current process is using PMCs.  If so, do exec() time
769 	 * processing.  This processing needs to happen AFTER the
770 	 * P_INEXEC flag is cleared.
771 	 *
772 	 * The proc lock needs to be released before taking the PMC
773 	 * SX.
774 	 */
775 	if (PMC_SYSTEM_SAMPLING_ACTIVE() || PMC_PROC_IS_USING_PMCS(p)) {
776 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
777 		pe.pm_credentialschanged = credential_changing;
778 		pe.pm_entryaddr = imgp->entry_addr;
779 
780 		PMC_CALL_HOOK_X(td, PMC_FN_PROCESS_EXEC, (void *) &pe);
781 	} else
782 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
783 #else  /* !HWPMC_HOOKS */
784 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
785 #endif
786 
787 	/* Set values passed into the program in registers. */
788 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_setregs)
789 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_setregs)(td, imgp->entry_addr,
790 		    (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base, imgp->ps_strings);
791 	else
792 		exec_setregs(td, imgp->entry_addr,
793 		    (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base, imgp->ps_strings);
794 
795 	vfs_mark_atime(imgp->vp, td);
796 
797 done1:
798 
799 	/*
800 	 * Free any resources malloc'd earlier that we didn't use.
801 	 */
802 	uifree(euip);
803 	if (newcred == NULL)
804 		crfree(oldcred);
805 	else
806 		crfree(newcred);
807 	VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
808 
809 	SDT_PROBE(proc, kernel, , exec_success, args->fname, 0, 0, 0, 0);
810 
811 	/*
812 	 * Handle deferred decrement of ref counts.
813 	 */
814 	if (textvp != NULL) {
815 		int tvfslocked;
816 
817 		tvfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(textvp->v_mount);
818 		vrele(textvp);
819 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(tvfslocked);
820 	}
821 	if (binvp && error != 0)
822 		vrele(binvp);
823 #ifdef KTRACE
824 	if (tracevp != NULL) {
825 		int tvfslocked;
826 
827 		tvfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(tracevp->v_mount);
828 		vrele(tracevp);
829 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(tvfslocked);
830 	}
831 	if (tracecred != NULL)
832 		crfree(tracecred);
833 #endif
834 	vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
835 	pargs_drop(oldargs);
836 	pargs_drop(newargs);
837 	if (oldsigacts != NULL)
838 		sigacts_free(oldsigacts);
839 
840 exec_fail_dealloc:
841 
842 	/*
843 	 * free various allocated resources
844 	 */
845 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL)
846 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
847 
848 	if (imgp->vp != NULL) {
849 		if (args->fname)
850 			NDFREE(ndp, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
851 		if (imgp->opened)
852 			VOP_CLOSE(imgp->vp, FREAD, td->td_ucred, td);
853 		vput(imgp->vp);
854 	}
855 
856 	if (imgp->object != NULL)
857 		vm_object_deallocate(imgp->object);
858 
859 	if (error == 0) {
860 		/*
861 		 * Stop the process here if its stop event mask has
862 		 * the S_EXEC bit set.
863 		 */
864 		STOPEVENT(p, S_EXEC, 0);
865 		goto done2;
866 	}
867 
868 exec_fail:
869 	/* we're done here, clear P_INEXEC */
870 	PROC_LOCK(p);
871 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
872 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
873 
874 	SDT_PROBE(proc, kernel, , exec_failure, error, 0, 0, 0, 0);
875 
876 done2:
877 #ifdef MAC
878 	mac_execve_exit(imgp);
879 	if (interplabel != NULL)
880 		mac_vnode_label_free(interplabel);
881 #endif
882 	VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
883 	exec_free_args(args);
884 
885 	if (error && imgp->vmspace_destroyed) {
886 		/* sorry, no more process anymore. exit gracefully */
887 		exit1(td, W_EXITCODE(0, SIGABRT));
888 		/* NOT REACHED */
889 	}
890 	return (error);
891 }
892 
893 int
894 exec_map_first_page(imgp)
895 	struct image_params *imgp;
896 {
897 	int rv, i;
898 	int initial_pagein;
899 	vm_page_t ma[VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN];
900 	vm_object_t object;
901 
902 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL)
903 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
904 
905 	object = imgp->vp->v_object;
906 	if (object == NULL)
907 		return (EACCES);
908 	VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
909 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
910 	if ((object->flags & OBJ_COLORED) == 0) {
911 		object->flags |= OBJ_COLORED;
912 		object->pg_color = 0;
913 	}
914 #endif
915 	ma[0] = vm_page_grab(object, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_RETRY);
916 	if ((ma[0]->valid & VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
917 		initial_pagein = VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN;
918 		if (initial_pagein > object->size)
919 			initial_pagein = object->size;
920 		for (i = 1; i < initial_pagein; i++) {
921 			if ((ma[i] = vm_page_lookup(object, i)) != NULL) {
922 				if (ma[i]->valid)
923 					break;
924 				if ((ma[i]->oflags & VPO_BUSY) || ma[i]->busy)
925 					break;
926 				vm_page_busy(ma[i]);
927 			} else {
928 				ma[i] = vm_page_alloc(object, i,
929 				    VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_IFNOTCACHED);
930 				if (ma[i] == NULL)
931 					break;
932 			}
933 		}
934 		initial_pagein = i;
935 		rv = vm_pager_get_pages(object, ma, initial_pagein, 0);
936 		ma[0] = vm_page_lookup(object, 0);
937 		if ((rv != VM_PAGER_OK) || (ma[0] == NULL) ||
938 		    (ma[0]->valid == 0)) {
939 			if (ma[0]) {
940 				vm_page_lock_queues();
941 				vm_page_free(ma[0]);
942 				vm_page_unlock_queues();
943 			}
944 			VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
945 			return (EIO);
946 		}
947 	}
948 	vm_page_lock_queues();
949 	vm_page_hold(ma[0]);
950 	vm_page_unlock_queues();
951 	vm_page_wakeup(ma[0]);
952 	VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
953 
954 	imgp->firstpage = sf_buf_alloc(ma[0], 0);
955 	imgp->image_header = (char *)sf_buf_kva(imgp->firstpage);
956 
957 	return (0);
958 }
959 
960 void
961 exec_unmap_first_page(imgp)
962 	struct image_params *imgp;
963 {
964 	vm_page_t m;
965 
966 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL) {
967 		m = sf_buf_page(imgp->firstpage);
968 		sf_buf_free(imgp->firstpage);
969 		imgp->firstpage = NULL;
970 		vm_page_lock_queues();
971 		vm_page_unhold(m);
972 		vm_page_unlock_queues();
973 	}
974 }
975 
976 /*
977  * Destroy old address space, and allocate a new stack
978  *	The new stack is only SGROWSIZ large because it is grown
979  *	automatically in trap.c.
980  */
981 int
982 exec_new_vmspace(imgp, sv)
983 	struct image_params *imgp;
984 	struct sysentvec *sv;
985 {
986 	int error;
987 	struct proc *p = imgp->proc;
988 	struct vmspace *vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
989 	vm_offset_t stack_addr;
990 	vm_map_t map;
991 	u_long ssiz;
992 
993 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 1;
994 	imgp->sysent = sv;
995 
996 	/* May be called with Giant held */
997 	EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(process_exec, p, imgp);
998 
999 	/*
1000 	 * Blow away entire process VM, if address space not shared,
1001 	 * otherwise, create a new VM space so that other threads are
1002 	 * not disrupted
1003 	 */
1004 	map = &vmspace->vm_map;
1005 	if (vmspace->vm_refcnt == 1 && vm_map_min(map) == sv->sv_minuser &&
1006 	    vm_map_max(map) == sv->sv_maxuser) {
1007 		shmexit(vmspace);
1008 		pmap_remove_pages(vmspace_pmap(vmspace));
1009 		vm_map_remove(map, vm_map_min(map), vm_map_max(map));
1010 	} else {
1011 		error = vmspace_exec(p, sv->sv_minuser, sv->sv_maxuser);
1012 		if (error)
1013 			return (error);
1014 		vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
1015 		map = &vmspace->vm_map;
1016 	}
1017 
1018 	/* Allocate a new stack */
1019 	if (sv->sv_maxssiz != NULL)
1020 		ssiz = *sv->sv_maxssiz;
1021 	else
1022 		ssiz = maxssiz;
1023 	stack_addr = sv->sv_usrstack - ssiz;
1024 	error = vm_map_stack(map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)ssiz,
1025 	    sv->sv_stackprot, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_STACK_GROWS_DOWN);
1026 	if (error)
1027 		return (error);
1028 
1029 #ifdef __ia64__
1030 	/* Allocate a new register stack */
1031 	stack_addr = IA64_BACKINGSTORE;
1032 	error = vm_map_stack(map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)ssiz,
1033 	    sv->sv_stackprot, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_STACK_GROWS_UP);
1034 	if (error)
1035 		return (error);
1036 #endif
1037 
1038 	/* vm_ssize and vm_maxsaddr are somewhat antiquated concepts in the
1039 	 * VM_STACK case, but they are still used to monitor the size of the
1040 	 * process stack so we can check the stack rlimit.
1041 	 */
1042 	vmspace->vm_ssize = sgrowsiz >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1043 	vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (char *)sv->sv_usrstack - ssiz;
1044 
1045 	return (0);
1046 }
1047 
1048 /*
1049  * Copy out argument and environment strings from the old process address
1050  * space into the temporary string buffer.
1051  */
1052 int
1053 exec_copyin_args(struct image_args *args, char *fname,
1054     enum uio_seg segflg, char **argv, char **envv)
1055 {
1056 	char *argp, *envp;
1057 	int error;
1058 	size_t length;
1059 
1060 	error = 0;
1061 
1062 	bzero(args, sizeof(*args));
1063 	if (argv == NULL)
1064 		return (EFAULT);
1065 	/*
1066 	 * Allocate temporary demand zeroed space for argument and
1067 	 *	environment strings:
1068 	 *
1069 	 * o ARG_MAX for argument and environment;
1070 	 * o MAXSHELLCMDLEN for the name of interpreters.
1071 	 */
1072 	args->buf = (char *) kmem_alloc_wait(exec_map,
1073 	    PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX + MAXSHELLCMDLEN);
1074 	if (args->buf == NULL)
1075 		return (ENOMEM);
1076 	args->begin_argv = args->buf;
1077 	args->endp = args->begin_argv;
1078 	args->stringspace = ARG_MAX;
1079 	/*
1080 	 * Copy the file name.
1081 	 */
1082 	if (fname != NULL) {
1083 		args->fname = args->buf + ARG_MAX;
1084 		error = (segflg == UIO_SYSSPACE) ?
1085 		    copystr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length) :
1086 		    copyinstr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length);
1087 		if (error != 0)
1088 			goto err_exit;
1089 	} else
1090 		args->fname = NULL;
1091 
1092 	/*
1093 	 * extract arguments first
1094 	 */
1095 	while ((argp = (caddr_t) (intptr_t) fuword(argv++))) {
1096 		if (argp == (caddr_t) -1) {
1097 			error = EFAULT;
1098 			goto err_exit;
1099 		}
1100 		if ((error = copyinstr(argp, args->endp,
1101 		    args->stringspace, &length))) {
1102 			if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
1103 				error = E2BIG;
1104 			goto err_exit;
1105 		}
1106 		args->stringspace -= length;
1107 		args->endp += length;
1108 		args->argc++;
1109 	}
1110 
1111 	args->begin_envv = args->endp;
1112 
1113 	/*
1114 	 * extract environment strings
1115 	 */
1116 	if (envv) {
1117 		while ((envp = (caddr_t)(intptr_t)fuword(envv++))) {
1118 			if (envp == (caddr_t)-1) {
1119 				error = EFAULT;
1120 				goto err_exit;
1121 			}
1122 			if ((error = copyinstr(envp, args->endp,
1123 			    args->stringspace, &length))) {
1124 				if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
1125 					error = E2BIG;
1126 				goto err_exit;
1127 			}
1128 			args->stringspace -= length;
1129 			args->endp += length;
1130 			args->envc++;
1131 		}
1132 	}
1133 
1134 	return (0);
1135 
1136 err_exit:
1137 	exec_free_args(args);
1138 	return (error);
1139 }
1140 
1141 static void
1142 exec_free_args(struct image_args *args)
1143 {
1144 
1145 	if (args->buf) {
1146 		kmem_free_wakeup(exec_map, (vm_offset_t)args->buf,
1147 		    PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX + MAXSHELLCMDLEN);
1148 		args->buf = NULL;
1149 	}
1150 }
1151 
1152 /*
1153  * Copy strings out to the new process address space, constructing new arg
1154  * and env vector tables. Return a pointer to the base so that it can be used
1155  * as the initial stack pointer.
1156  */
1157 register_t *
1158 exec_copyout_strings(imgp)
1159 	struct image_params *imgp;
1160 {
1161 	int argc, envc;
1162 	char **vectp;
1163 	char *stringp, *destp;
1164 	register_t *stack_base;
1165 	struct ps_strings *arginfo;
1166 	struct proc *p;
1167 	int szsigcode;
1168 
1169 	/*
1170 	 * Calculate string base and vector table pointers.
1171 	 * Also deal with signal trampoline code for this exec type.
1172 	 */
1173 	p = imgp->proc;
1174 	szsigcode = 0;
1175 	arginfo = (struct ps_strings *)p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings;
1176 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode != NULL)
1177 		szsigcode = *(p->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode);
1178 	destp =	(caddr_t)arginfo - szsigcode - SPARE_USRSPACE -
1179 	    roundup((ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace), sizeof(char *));
1180 
1181 	/*
1182 	 * install sigcode
1183 	 */
1184 	if (szsigcode)
1185 		copyout(p->p_sysent->sv_sigcode, ((caddr_t)arginfo -
1186 		    szsigcode), szsigcode);
1187 
1188 	/*
1189 	 * If we have a valid auxargs ptr, prepare some room
1190 	 * on the stack.
1191 	 */
1192 	if (imgp->auxargs) {
1193 		/*
1194 		 * 'AT_COUNT*2' is size for the ELF Auxargs data. This is for
1195 		 * lower compatibility.
1196 		 */
1197 		imgp->auxarg_size = (imgp->auxarg_size) ? imgp->auxarg_size :
1198 		    (AT_COUNT * 2);
1199 		/*
1200 		 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of
1201 		 * the arg and env vector sets,and imgp->auxarg_size is room
1202 		 * for argument of Runtime loader.
1203 		 */
1204 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc +
1205 		    imgp->args->envc + 2 + imgp->auxarg_size) *
1206 		    sizeof(char *));
1207 
1208 	} else {
1209 		/*
1210 		 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of
1211 		 * the arg and env vector sets
1212 		 */
1213 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc + imgp->args->envc + 2) *
1214 		    sizeof(char *));
1215 	}
1216 
1217 	/*
1218 	 * vectp also becomes our initial stack base
1219 	 */
1220 	stack_base = (register_t *)vectp;
1221 
1222 	stringp = imgp->args->begin_argv;
1223 	argc = imgp->args->argc;
1224 	envc = imgp->args->envc;
1225 
1226 	/*
1227 	 * Copy out strings - arguments and environment.
1228 	 */
1229 	copyout(stringp, destp, ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace);
1230 
1231 	/*
1232 	 * Fill in "ps_strings" struct for ps, w, etc.
1233 	 */
1234 	suword(&arginfo->ps_argvstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
1235 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nargvstr, argc);
1236 
1237 	/*
1238 	 * Fill in argument portion of vector table.
1239 	 */
1240 	for (; argc > 0; --argc) {
1241 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
1242 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
1243 			destp++;
1244 		destp++;
1245 	}
1246 
1247 	/* a null vector table pointer separates the argp's from the envp's */
1248 	suword(vectp++, 0);
1249 
1250 	suword(&arginfo->ps_envstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
1251 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nenvstr, envc);
1252 
1253 	/*
1254 	 * Fill in environment portion of vector table.
1255 	 */
1256 	for (; envc > 0; --envc) {
1257 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
1258 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
1259 			destp++;
1260 		destp++;
1261 	}
1262 
1263 	/* end of vector table is a null pointer */
1264 	suword(vectp, 0);
1265 
1266 	return (stack_base);
1267 }
1268 
1269 /*
1270  * Check permissions of file to execute.
1271  *	Called with imgp->vp locked.
1272  *	Return 0 for success or error code on failure.
1273  */
1274 int
1275 exec_check_permissions(imgp)
1276 	struct image_params *imgp;
1277 {
1278 	struct vnode *vp = imgp->vp;
1279 	struct vattr *attr = imgp->attr;
1280 	struct thread *td;
1281 	int error;
1282 
1283 	td = curthread;
1284 
1285 	/* Get file attributes */
1286 	error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, attr, td->td_ucred, td);
1287 	if (error)
1288 		return (error);
1289 
1290 #ifdef MAC
1291 	error = mac_vnode_check_exec(td->td_ucred, imgp->vp, imgp);
1292 	if (error)
1293 		return (error);
1294 #endif
1295 
1296 	/*
1297 	 * 1) Check if file execution is disabled for the filesystem that this
1298 	 *	file resides on.
1299 	 * 2) Insure that at least one execute bit is on - otherwise root
1300 	 *	will always succeed, and we don't want to happen unless the
1301 	 *	file really is executable.
1302 	 * 3) Insure that the file is a regular file.
1303 	 */
1304 	if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) ||
1305 	    ((attr->va_mode & 0111) == 0) ||
1306 	    (attr->va_type != VREG))
1307 		return (EACCES);
1308 
1309 	/*
1310 	 * Zero length files can't be exec'd
1311 	 */
1312 	if (attr->va_size == 0)
1313 		return (ENOEXEC);
1314 
1315 	/*
1316 	 *  Check for execute permission to file based on current credentials.
1317 	 */
1318 	error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, td->td_ucred, td);
1319 	if (error)
1320 		return (error);
1321 
1322 	/*
1323 	 * Check number of open-for-writes on the file and deny execution
1324 	 * if there are any.
1325 	 */
1326 	if (vp->v_writecount)
1327 		return (ETXTBSY);
1328 
1329 	/*
1330 	 * Call filesystem specific open routine (which does nothing in the
1331 	 * general case).
1332 	 */
1333 	error = VOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, td->td_ucred, td, NULL);
1334 	if (error == 0)
1335 		imgp->opened = 1;
1336 	return (error);
1337 }
1338 
1339 /*
1340  * Exec handler registration
1341  */
1342 int
1343 exec_register(execsw_arg)
1344 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
1345 {
1346 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
1347 	int count = 2;	/* New slot and trailing NULL */
1348 
1349 	if (execsw)
1350 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1351 			count++;
1352 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1353 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
1354 		return (ENOMEM);
1355 	xs = newexecsw;
1356 	if (execsw)
1357 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1358 			*xs++ = *es;
1359 	*xs++ = execsw_arg;
1360 	*xs = NULL;
1361 	if (execsw)
1362 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
1363 	execsw = newexecsw;
1364 	return (0);
1365 }
1366 
1367 int
1368 exec_unregister(execsw_arg)
1369 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
1370 {
1371 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
1372 	int count = 1;
1373 
1374 	if (execsw == NULL)
1375 		panic("unregister with no handlers left?\n");
1376 
1377 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++) {
1378 		if (*es == execsw_arg)
1379 			break;
1380 	}
1381 	if (*es == NULL)
1382 		return (ENOENT);
1383 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1384 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1385 			count++;
1386 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1387 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
1388 		return (ENOMEM);
1389 	xs = newexecsw;
1390 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1391 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1392 			*xs++ = *es;
1393 	*xs = NULL;
1394 	if (execsw)
1395 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
1396 	execsw = newexecsw;
1397 	return (0);
1398 }
1399