xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_exec.c (revision 6fd05b64b5b65dd4ba9b86482a0634a5f0b96c29)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1993, David Greenman
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
31 #include "opt_mac.h"
32 
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #include <sys/systm.h>
35 #include <sys/eventhandler.h>
36 #include <sys/lock.h>
37 #include <sys/mutex.h>
38 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
39 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
40 #include <sys/kernel.h>
41 #include <sys/mac.h>
42 #include <sys/mount.h>
43 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
44 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
45 #include <sys/acct.h>
46 #include <sys/exec.h>
47 #include <sys/imgact.h>
48 #include <sys/imgact_elf.h>
49 #include <sys/wait.h>
50 #include <sys/malloc.h>
51 #include <sys/proc.h>
52 #include <sys/pioctl.h>
53 #include <sys/namei.h>
54 #include <sys/sf_buf.h>
55 #include <sys/sysent.h>
56 #include <sys/shm.h>
57 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
58 #include <sys/user.h>
59 #include <sys/vnode.h>
60 #ifdef KTRACE
61 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
62 #endif
63 
64 #include <vm/vm.h>
65 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
66 #include <vm/pmap.h>
67 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
68 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
69 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
70 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
71 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
72 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
73 
74 #include <machine/reg.h>
75 
76 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_PARGS, "proc-args", "Process arguments");
77 
78 static int sysctl_kern_ps_strings(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
79 static int sysctl_kern_usrstack(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
80 static int sysctl_kern_stackprot(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
81 static int kern_execve(struct thread *td, char *fname, char **argv,
82 	char **envv, struct mac *mac_p);
83 
84 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
85 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_PS_STRINGS, ps_strings, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
86     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_ps_strings, "LU", "");
87 
88 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
89 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_USRSTACK, usrstack, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
90     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_usrstack, "LU", "");
91 
92 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, OID_AUTO, stackprot, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RD,
93     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_stackprot, "I", "");
94 
95 u_long ps_arg_cache_limit = PAGE_SIZE / 16;
96 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, ps_arg_cache_limit, CTLFLAG_RW,
97     &ps_arg_cache_limit, 0, "");
98 
99 static int
100 sysctl_kern_ps_strings(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
101 {
102 	struct proc *p;
103 	int error;
104 
105 	p = curproc;
106 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__ia64__)
107 	if (req->oldlen == sizeof(unsigned int)) {
108 		unsigned int val;
109 		val = (unsigned int)p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings;
110 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &val, sizeof(val));
111 	} else
112 #endif
113 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings,
114 		   sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings));
115 	return error;
116 }
117 
118 static int
119 sysctl_kern_usrstack(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
120 {
121 	struct proc *p;
122 	int error;
123 
124 	p = curproc;
125 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__ia64__)
126 	if (req->oldlen == sizeof(unsigned int)) {
127 		unsigned int val;
128 		val = (unsigned int)p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack;
129 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &val, sizeof(val));
130 	} else
131 #endif
132 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack,
133 		    sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack));
134 	return error;
135 }
136 
137 static int
138 sysctl_kern_stackprot(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
139 {
140 	struct proc *p;
141 
142 	p = curproc;
143 	return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_stackprot,
144 	    sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_stackprot)));
145 }
146 
147 /*
148  * Each of the items is a pointer to a `const struct execsw', hence the
149  * double pointer here.
150  */
151 static const struct execsw **execsw;
152 
153 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
154 struct execve_args {
155         char    *fname;
156         char    **argv;
157         char    **envv;
158 };
159 #endif
160 
161 /*
162  * MPSAFE
163  */
164 int
165 execve(td, uap)
166 	struct thread *td;
167 	struct execve_args /* {
168 		char *fname;
169 		char **argv;
170 		char **envv;
171 	} */ *uap;
172 {
173 
174 	return (kern_execve(td, uap->fname, uap->argv, uap->envv, NULL));
175 }
176 
177 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
178 struct __mac_execve_args {
179 	char	*fname;
180 	char	**argv;
181 	char	**envv;
182 	struct mac	*mac_p;
183 };
184 #endif
185 
186 /*
187  * MPSAFE
188  */
189 int
190 __mac_execve(td, uap)
191 	struct thread *td;
192 	struct __mac_execve_args /* {
193 		char *fname;
194 		char **argv;
195 		char **envv;
196 		struct mac *mac_p;
197 	} */ *uap;
198 {
199 
200 #ifdef MAC
201 	return (kern_execve(td, uap->fname, uap->argv, uap->envv,
202 	    uap->mac_p));
203 #else
204 	return (ENOSYS);
205 #endif
206 }
207 
208 /*
209  * In-kernel implementation of execve().  All arguments are assumed to be
210  * userspace pointers from the passed thread.
211  *
212  * MPSAFE
213  */
214 static int
215 kern_execve(td, fname, argv, envv, mac_p)
216 	struct thread *td;
217 	char *fname;
218 	char **argv;
219 	char **envv;
220 	struct mac *mac_p;
221 {
222 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
223 	struct nameidata nd, *ndp;
224 	struct ucred *newcred = NULL, *oldcred;
225 	struct uidinfo *euip;
226 	register_t *stack_base;
227 	int error, len, i;
228 	struct image_params image_params, *imgp;
229 	struct vattr attr;
230 	int (*img_first)(struct image_params *);
231 	struct pargs *oldargs = NULL, *newargs = NULL;
232 	struct sigacts *oldsigacts, *newsigacts;
233 #ifdef KTRACE
234 	struct vnode *tracevp = NULL;
235 	struct ucred *tracecred = NULL;
236 #endif
237 	struct vnode *textvp = NULL;
238 	int credential_changing;
239 	int textset;
240 #ifdef MAC
241 	struct label *interplabel = NULL;
242 	int will_transition;
243 #endif
244 
245 	imgp = &image_params;
246 
247 	/*
248 	 * Lock the process and set the P_INEXEC flag to indicate that
249 	 * it should be left alone until we're done here.  This is
250 	 * necessary to avoid race conditions - e.g. in ptrace() -
251 	 * that might allow a local user to illicitly obtain elevated
252 	 * privileges.
253 	 */
254 	PROC_LOCK(p);
255 	KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_INEXEC) == 0,
256 	    ("%s(): process already has P_INEXEC flag", __func__));
257 	if (p->p_flag & P_SA || p->p_numthreads > 1) {
258 		if (thread_single(SINGLE_EXIT)) {
259 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
260 			mtx_unlock(&Giant);
261 			return (ERESTART);	/* Try again later. */
262 		}
263 		/*
264 		 * If we get here all other threads are dead,
265 		 * so unset the associated flags and lose KSE mode.
266 		 */
267 		p->p_flag &= ~P_SA;
268 		td->td_mailbox = NULL;
269 		td->td_pflags &= ~TDP_SA;
270 		thread_single_end();
271 	}
272 	p->p_flag |= P_INEXEC;
273 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
274 
275 	/*
276 	 * Initialize part of the common data
277 	 */
278 	imgp->proc = p;
279 	imgp->userspace_argv = argv;
280 	imgp->userspace_envv = envv;
281 	imgp->execlabel = NULL;
282 	imgp->attr = &attr;
283 	imgp->argc = imgp->envc = 0;
284 	imgp->argv0 = NULL;
285 	imgp->entry_addr = 0;
286 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 0;
287 	imgp->interpreted = 0;
288 	imgp->interpreter_name[0] = '\0';
289 	imgp->auxargs = NULL;
290 	imgp->vp = NULL;
291 	imgp->object = NULL;
292 	imgp->firstpage = NULL;
293 	imgp->ps_strings = 0;
294 	imgp->auxarg_size = 0;
295 
296 #ifdef MAC
297 	error = mac_execve_enter(imgp, mac_p);
298 	if (error) {
299 		mtx_lock(&Giant);
300 		goto exec_fail;
301 	}
302 #endif
303 
304 	/*
305 	 * Allocate temporary demand zeroed space for argument and
306 	 *	environment strings
307 	 */
308 	imgp->stringbase = (char *)kmem_alloc_wait(exec_map, ARG_MAX);
309 	if (imgp->stringbase == NULL) {
310 		error = ENOMEM;
311 		mtx_lock(&Giant);
312 		goto exec_fail;
313 	}
314 	imgp->stringp = imgp->stringbase;
315 	imgp->stringspace = ARG_MAX;
316 	imgp->image_header = NULL;
317 
318 	/*
319 	 * Translate the file name. namei() returns a vnode pointer
320 	 *	in ni_vp amoung other things.
321 	 */
322 	ndp = &nd;
323 	NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, LOCKLEAF | FOLLOW | SAVENAME,
324 	    UIO_USERSPACE, fname, td);
325 
326 	mtx_lock(&Giant);
327 interpret:
328 
329 	error = namei(ndp);
330 	if (error) {
331 		kmem_free_wakeup(exec_map, (vm_offset_t)imgp->stringbase,
332 		    ARG_MAX);
333 		goto exec_fail;
334 	}
335 
336 	imgp->vp = ndp->ni_vp;
337 	imgp->fname = fname;
338 
339 	/*
340 	 * Check file permissions (also 'opens' file)
341 	 */
342 	error = exec_check_permissions(imgp);
343 	if (error)
344 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
345 
346 	if (VOP_GETVOBJECT(imgp->vp, &imgp->object) == 0)
347 		vm_object_reference(imgp->object);
348 
349 	/*
350 	 * Set VV_TEXT now so no one can write to the executable while we're
351 	 * activating it.
352 	 *
353 	 * Remember if this was set before and unset it in case this is not
354 	 * actually an executable image.
355 	 */
356 	textset = imgp->vp->v_vflag & VV_TEXT;
357 	imgp->vp->v_vflag |= VV_TEXT;
358 
359 	error = exec_map_first_page(imgp);
360 	if (error)
361 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
362 
363 	/*
364 	 *	If the current process has a special image activator it
365 	 *	wants to try first, call it.   For example, emulating shell
366 	 *	scripts differently.
367 	 */
368 	error = -1;
369 	if ((img_first = imgp->proc->p_sysent->sv_imgact_try) != NULL)
370 		error = img_first(imgp);
371 
372 	/*
373 	 *	Loop through the list of image activators, calling each one.
374 	 *	An activator returns -1 if there is no match, 0 on success,
375 	 *	and an error otherwise.
376 	 */
377 	for (i = 0; error == -1 && execsw[i]; ++i) {
378 		if (execsw[i]->ex_imgact == NULL ||
379 		    execsw[i]->ex_imgact == img_first) {
380 			continue;
381 		}
382 		error = (*execsw[i]->ex_imgact)(imgp);
383 	}
384 
385 	if (error) {
386 		if (error == -1) {
387 			if (textset == 0)
388 				imgp->vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_TEXT;
389 			error = ENOEXEC;
390 		}
391 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
392 	}
393 
394 	/*
395 	 * Special interpreter operation, cleanup and loop up to try to
396 	 * activate the interpreter.
397 	 */
398 	if (imgp->interpreted) {
399 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
400 		/*
401 		 * VV_TEXT needs to be unset for scripts.  There is a short
402 		 * period before we determine that something is a script where
403 		 * VV_TEXT will be set. The vnode lock is held over this
404 		 * entire period so nothing should illegitimately be blocked.
405 		 */
406 		imgp->vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_TEXT;
407 		/* free name buffer and old vnode */
408 		NDFREE(ndp, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
409 #ifdef MAC
410 		interplabel = mac_vnode_label_alloc();
411 		mac_copy_vnode_label(ndp->ni_vp->v_label, interplabel);
412 #endif
413 		vput(ndp->ni_vp);
414 		vm_object_deallocate(imgp->object);
415 		imgp->object = NULL;
416 		/* set new name to that of the interpreter */
417 		NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, LOCKLEAF | FOLLOW | SAVENAME,
418 		    UIO_SYSSPACE, imgp->interpreter_name, td);
419 		goto interpret;
420 	}
421 
422 	/*
423 	 * Copy out strings (args and env) and initialize stack base
424 	 */
425 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_copyout_strings)
426 		stack_base = (*p->p_sysent->sv_copyout_strings)(imgp);
427 	else
428 		stack_base = exec_copyout_strings(imgp);
429 
430 	/*
431 	 * If custom stack fixup routine present for this process
432 	 * let it do the stack setup.
433 	 * Else stuff argument count as first item on stack
434 	 */
435 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_fixup != NULL)
436 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_fixup)(&stack_base, imgp);
437 	else
438 		suword(--stack_base, imgp->argc);
439 
440 	/*
441 	 * For security and other reasons, the file descriptor table cannot
442 	 * be shared after an exec.
443 	 */
444 	FILEDESC_LOCK(p->p_fd);
445 	if (p->p_fd->fd_refcnt > 1) {
446 		struct filedesc *tmp;
447 
448 		tmp = fdcopy(td->td_proc->p_fd);
449 		FILEDESC_UNLOCK(p->p_fd);
450 		fdfree(td);
451 		p->p_fd = tmp;
452 	} else
453 		FILEDESC_UNLOCK(p->p_fd);
454 
455 	/*
456 	 * Malloc things before we need locks.
457 	 */
458 	newcred = crget();
459 	euip = uifind(attr.va_uid);
460 	i = imgp->endargs - imgp->stringbase;
461 	if (ps_arg_cache_limit >= i + sizeof(struct pargs))
462 		newargs = pargs_alloc(i);
463 
464 	/* close files on exec */
465 	fdcloseexec(td);
466 
467 	/* Get a reference to the vnode prior to locking the proc */
468 	VREF(ndp->ni_vp);
469 
470 	/*
471 	 * For security and other reasons, signal handlers cannot
472 	 * be shared after an exec. The new process gets a copy of the old
473 	 * handlers. In execsigs(), the new process will have its signals
474 	 * reset.
475 	 */
476 	PROC_LOCK(p);
477 	if (sigacts_shared(p->p_sigacts)) {
478 		oldsigacts = p->p_sigacts;
479 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
480 		newsigacts = sigacts_alloc();
481 		sigacts_copy(newsigacts, oldsigacts);
482 		PROC_LOCK(p);
483 		p->p_sigacts = newsigacts;
484 	} else
485 		oldsigacts = NULL;
486 
487 	/* Stop profiling */
488 	stopprofclock(p);
489 
490 	/* reset caught signals */
491 	execsigs(p);
492 
493 	/* name this process - nameiexec(p, ndp) */
494 	len = min(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen,MAXCOMLEN);
495 	bcopy(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, p->p_comm, len);
496 	p->p_comm[len] = 0;
497 
498 	/*
499 	 * mark as execed, wakeup the process that vforked (if any) and tell
500 	 * it that it now has its own resources back
501 	 */
502 	p->p_flag |= P_EXEC;
503 	if (p->p_pptr && (p->p_flag & P_PPWAIT)) {
504 		p->p_flag &= ~P_PPWAIT;
505 		wakeup(p->p_pptr);
506 	}
507 
508 	/*
509 	 * Implement image setuid/setgid.
510 	 *
511 	 * Don't honor setuid/setgid if the filesystem prohibits it or if
512 	 * the process is being traced.
513 	 *
514 	 * XXXMAC: For the time being, use NOSUID to also prohibit
515 	 * transitions on the file system.
516 	 */
517 	oldcred = p->p_ucred;
518 	credential_changing = 0;
519 	credential_changing |= (attr.va_mode & VSUID) && oldcred->cr_uid !=
520 	    attr.va_uid;
521 	credential_changing |= (attr.va_mode & VSGID) && oldcred->cr_gid !=
522 	    attr.va_gid;
523 #ifdef MAC
524 	will_transition = mac_execve_will_transition(oldcred, imgp->vp,
525 	    interplabel, imgp);
526 	credential_changing |= will_transition;
527 #endif
528 
529 	if (credential_changing &&
530 	    (imgp->vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID) == 0 &&
531 	    (p->p_flag & P_TRACED) == 0) {
532 		/*
533 		 * Turn off syscall tracing for set-id programs, except for
534 		 * root.  Record any set-id flags first to make sure that
535 		 * we do not regain any tracing during a possible block.
536 		 */
537 		setsugid(p);
538 #ifdef KTRACE
539 		if (p->p_tracevp != NULL && suser_cred(oldcred, PRISON_ROOT)) {
540 			mtx_lock(&ktrace_mtx);
541 			p->p_traceflag = 0;
542 			tracevp = p->p_tracevp;
543 			p->p_tracevp = NULL;
544 			tracecred = p->p_tracecred;
545 			p->p_tracecred = NULL;
546 			mtx_unlock(&ktrace_mtx);
547 		}
548 #endif
549 		/*
550 		 * Close any file descriptors 0..2 that reference procfs,
551 		 * then make sure file descriptors 0..2 are in use.
552 		 *
553 		 * setugidsafety() may call closef() and then pfind()
554 		 * which may grab the process lock.
555 		 * fdcheckstd() may call falloc() which may block to
556 		 * allocate memory, so temporarily drop the process lock.
557 		 */
558 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
559 		setugidsafety(td);
560 		error = fdcheckstd(td);
561 		if (error != 0)
562 			goto done1;
563 		PROC_LOCK(p);
564 		/*
565 		 * Set the new credentials.
566 		 */
567 		crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
568 		if (attr.va_mode & VSUID)
569 			change_euid(newcred, euip);
570 		if (attr.va_mode & VSGID)
571 			change_egid(newcred, attr.va_gid);
572 #ifdef MAC
573 		if (will_transition) {
574 			mac_execve_transition(oldcred, newcred, imgp->vp,
575 			    interplabel, imgp);
576 		}
577 #endif
578 		/*
579 		 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
580 		 *
581 		 * XXXMAC: Note that the current logic will save the
582 		 * uid and gid if a MAC domain transition occurs, even
583 		 * though maybe it shouldn't.
584 		 */
585 		change_svuid(newcred, newcred->cr_uid);
586 		change_svgid(newcred, newcred->cr_gid);
587 		p->p_ucred = newcred;
588 		newcred = NULL;
589 	} else {
590 		if (oldcred->cr_uid == oldcred->cr_ruid &&
591 		    oldcred->cr_gid == oldcred->cr_rgid)
592 			p->p_flag &= ~P_SUGID;
593 		/*
594 		 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
595 		 *
596 		 * XXX: It's not clear that the existing behavior is
597 		 * POSIX-compliant.  A number of sources indicate that the
598 		 * saved uid/gid should only be updated if the new ruid is
599 		 * not equal to the old ruid, or the new euid is not equal
600 		 * to the old euid and the new euid is not equal to the old
601 		 * ruid.  The FreeBSD code always updates the saved uid/gid.
602 		 * Also, this code uses the new (replaced) euid and egid as
603 		 * the source, which may or may not be the right ones to use.
604 		 */
605 		if (oldcred->cr_svuid != oldcred->cr_uid ||
606 		    oldcred->cr_svgid != oldcred->cr_gid) {
607 			crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
608 			change_svuid(newcred, newcred->cr_uid);
609 			change_svgid(newcred, newcred->cr_gid);
610 			p->p_ucred = newcred;
611 			newcred = NULL;
612 		}
613 	}
614 
615 	/*
616 	 * Store the vp for use in procfs.  This vnode was referenced prior
617 	 * to locking the proc lock.
618 	 */
619 	textvp = p->p_textvp;
620 	p->p_textvp = ndp->ni_vp;
621 
622 	/*
623 	 * Notify others that we exec'd, and clear the P_INEXEC flag
624 	 * as we're now a bona fide freshly-execed process.
625 	 */
626 	KNOTE(&p->p_klist, NOTE_EXEC);
627 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
628 
629 	/*
630 	 * If tracing the process, trap to debugger so breakpoints
631 	 * can be set before the program executes.
632 	 */
633 	if (p->p_flag & P_TRACED)
634 		psignal(p, SIGTRAP);
635 
636 	/* clear "fork but no exec" flag, as we _are_ execing */
637 	p->p_acflag &= ~AFORK;
638 
639 	/* Free any previous argument cache */
640 	oldargs = p->p_args;
641 	p->p_args = NULL;
642 
643 	/* Cache arguments if they fit inside our allowance */
644 	if (ps_arg_cache_limit >= i + sizeof(struct pargs)) {
645 		bcopy(imgp->stringbase, newargs->ar_args, i);
646 		p->p_args = newargs;
647 		newargs = NULL;
648 	}
649 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
650 
651 	/* Set values passed into the program in registers. */
652 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_setregs)
653 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_setregs)(td, imgp->entry_addr,
654 		    (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base, imgp->ps_strings);
655 	else
656 		exec_setregs(td, imgp->entry_addr,
657 		    (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base, imgp->ps_strings);
658 
659 done1:
660 	/*
661 	 * Free any resources malloc'd earlier that we didn't use.
662 	 */
663 	uifree(euip);
664 	if (newcred == NULL)
665 		crfree(oldcred);
666 	else
667 		crfree(newcred);
668 	/*
669 	 * Handle deferred decrement of ref counts.
670 	 */
671 	if (textvp != NULL)
672 		vrele(textvp);
673 	if (ndp->ni_vp && error != 0)
674 		vrele(ndp->ni_vp);
675 #ifdef KTRACE
676 	if (tracevp != NULL)
677 		vrele(tracevp);
678 	if (tracecred != NULL)
679 		crfree(tracecred);
680 #endif
681 	if (oldargs != NULL)
682 		pargs_drop(oldargs);
683 	if (newargs != NULL)
684 		pargs_drop(newargs);
685 	if (oldsigacts != NULL)
686 		sigacts_free(oldsigacts);
687 
688 exec_fail_dealloc:
689 
690 	/*
691 	 * free various allocated resources
692 	 */
693 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL)
694 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
695 
696 	if (imgp->vp != NULL) {
697 		NDFREE(ndp, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
698 		vput(imgp->vp);
699 	}
700 
701 	if (imgp->stringbase != NULL)
702 		kmem_free_wakeup(exec_map, (vm_offset_t)imgp->stringbase,
703 		    ARG_MAX);
704 
705 	if (imgp->object != NULL)
706 		vm_object_deallocate(imgp->object);
707 
708 	if (error == 0) {
709 		/*
710 		 * Stop the process here if its stop event mask has
711 		 * the S_EXEC bit set.
712 		 */
713 		STOPEVENT(p, S_EXEC, 0);
714 		goto done2;
715 	}
716 
717 exec_fail:
718 	/* we're done here, clear P_INEXEC */
719 	PROC_LOCK(p);
720 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
721 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
722 
723 	if (imgp->vmspace_destroyed) {
724 		/* sorry, no more process anymore. exit gracefully */
725 #ifdef MAC
726 		mac_execve_exit(imgp);
727 		if (interplabel != NULL)
728 			mac_vnode_label_free(interplabel);
729 #endif
730 		exit1(td, W_EXITCODE(0, SIGABRT));
731 		/* NOT REACHED */
732 		error = 0;
733 	}
734 done2:
735 #ifdef MAC
736 	mac_execve_exit(imgp);
737 	if (interplabel != NULL)
738 		mac_vnode_label_free(interplabel);
739 #endif
740 	mtx_unlock(&Giant);
741 	return (error);
742 }
743 
744 int
745 exec_map_first_page(imgp)
746 	struct image_params *imgp;
747 {
748 	int rv, i;
749 	int initial_pagein;
750 	vm_page_t ma[VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN];
751 	vm_object_t object;
752 
753 	GIANT_REQUIRED;
754 
755 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL)
756 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
757 
758 	VOP_GETVOBJECT(imgp->vp, &object);
759 	VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
760 	ma[0] = vm_page_grab(object, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_RETRY);
761 	if ((ma[0]->valid & VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
762 		initial_pagein = VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN;
763 		if (initial_pagein > object->size)
764 			initial_pagein = object->size;
765 		for (i = 1; i < initial_pagein; i++) {
766 			if ((ma[i] = vm_page_lookup(object, i)) != NULL) {
767 				if (ma[i]->valid)
768 					break;
769 				vm_page_lock_queues();
770 				if ((ma[i]->flags & PG_BUSY) || ma[i]->busy) {
771 					vm_page_unlock_queues();
772 					break;
773 				}
774 				vm_page_busy(ma[i]);
775 				vm_page_unlock_queues();
776 			} else {
777 				ma[i] = vm_page_alloc(object, i,
778 				    VM_ALLOC_NORMAL);
779 				if (ma[i] == NULL)
780 					break;
781 			}
782 		}
783 		initial_pagein = i;
784 		rv = vm_pager_get_pages(object, ma, initial_pagein, 0);
785 		ma[0] = vm_page_lookup(object, 0);
786 		if ((rv != VM_PAGER_OK) || (ma[0] == NULL) ||
787 		    (ma[0]->valid == 0)) {
788 			if (ma[0]) {
789 				vm_page_lock_queues();
790 				pmap_remove_all(ma[0]);
791 				vm_page_free(ma[0]);
792 				vm_page_unlock_queues();
793 			}
794 			VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
795 			return (EIO);
796 		}
797 	}
798 	vm_page_lock_queues();
799 	vm_page_hold(ma[0]);
800 	vm_page_wakeup(ma[0]);
801 	vm_page_unlock_queues();
802 	VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
803 
804 	imgp->firstpage = sf_buf_alloc(ma[0], 0);
805 	imgp->image_header = (char *)sf_buf_kva(imgp->firstpage);
806 
807 	return (0);
808 }
809 
810 void
811 exec_unmap_first_page(imgp)
812 	struct image_params *imgp;
813 {
814 	vm_page_t m;
815 
816 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL) {
817 		m = sf_buf_page(imgp->firstpage);
818 		sf_buf_free(imgp->firstpage);
819 		imgp->firstpage = NULL;
820 		vm_page_lock_queues();
821 		vm_page_unhold(m);
822 		vm_page_unlock_queues();
823 	}
824 }
825 
826 /*
827  * Destroy old address space, and allocate a new stack
828  *	The new stack is only SGROWSIZ large because it is grown
829  *	automatically in trap.c.
830  */
831 int
832 exec_new_vmspace(imgp, sv)
833 	struct image_params *imgp;
834 	struct sysentvec *sv;
835 {
836 	int error;
837 	struct proc *p = imgp->proc;
838 	struct vmspace *vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
839 	vm_offset_t stack_addr;
840 	vm_map_t map;
841 
842 	GIANT_REQUIRED;
843 
844 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 1;
845 
846 	/* Called with Giant held, do not depend on it! */
847 	EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(process_exec, p);
848 
849 	/*
850 	 * Here is as good a place as any to do any resource limit cleanups.
851 	 * This is needed if a 64 bit binary exec's a 32 bit binary - the
852 	 * data size limit may need to be changed to a value that makes
853 	 * sense for the 32 bit binary.
854 	 */
855 	if (sv->sv_fixlimits != NULL)
856 		sv->sv_fixlimits(imgp);
857 
858 	/*
859 	 * Blow away entire process VM, if address space not shared,
860 	 * otherwise, create a new VM space so that other threads are
861 	 * not disrupted
862 	 */
863 	map = &vmspace->vm_map;
864 	if (vmspace->vm_refcnt == 1 && vm_map_min(map) == sv->sv_minuser &&
865 	    vm_map_max(map) == sv->sv_maxuser) {
866 		shmexit(vmspace);
867 		pmap_remove_pages(vmspace_pmap(vmspace), vm_map_min(map),
868 		    vm_map_max(map));
869 		vm_map_remove(map, vm_map_min(map), vm_map_max(map));
870 	} else {
871 		vmspace_exec(p, sv->sv_minuser, sv->sv_maxuser);
872 		vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
873 		map = &vmspace->vm_map;
874 	}
875 
876 	/* Allocate a new stack */
877 	stack_addr = sv->sv_usrstack - maxssiz;
878 	error = vm_map_stack(map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)maxssiz,
879 	    sv->sv_stackprot, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_STACK_GROWS_DOWN);
880 	if (error)
881 		return (error);
882 
883 #ifdef __ia64__
884 	/* Allocate a new register stack */
885 	stack_addr = IA64_BACKINGSTORE;
886 	error = vm_map_stack(map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)maxssiz,
887 	    sv->sv_stackprot, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_STACK_GROWS_UP);
888 	if (error)
889 		return (error);
890 #endif
891 
892 	/* vm_ssize and vm_maxsaddr are somewhat antiquated concepts in the
893 	 * VM_STACK case, but they are still used to monitor the size of the
894 	 * process stack so we can check the stack rlimit.
895 	 */
896 	vmspace->vm_ssize = sgrowsiz >> PAGE_SHIFT;
897 	vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (char *)sv->sv_usrstack - maxssiz;
898 
899 	return (0);
900 }
901 
902 /*
903  * Copy out argument and environment strings from the old process
904  *	address space into the temporary string buffer.
905  */
906 int
907 exec_extract_strings(imgp)
908 	struct image_params *imgp;
909 {
910 	char	**argv, **envv;
911 	char	*argp, *envp;
912 	int	error;
913 	size_t	length;
914 
915 	/*
916 	 * extract arguments first
917 	 */
918 
919 	argv = imgp->userspace_argv;
920 
921 	if (argv) {
922 		argp = (caddr_t)(intptr_t)fuword(argv);
923 		if (argp == (caddr_t)-1)
924 			return (EFAULT);
925 		if (argp)
926 			argv++;
927 		if (imgp->argv0)
928 			argp = imgp->argv0;
929 		if (argp) {
930 			do {
931 				if (argp == (caddr_t)-1)
932 					return (EFAULT);
933 				if ((error = copyinstr(argp, imgp->stringp,
934 				    imgp->stringspace, &length))) {
935 					if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
936 						return (E2BIG);
937 					return (error);
938 				}
939 				imgp->stringspace -= length;
940 				imgp->stringp += length;
941 				imgp->argc++;
942 			} while ((argp = (caddr_t)(intptr_t)fuword(argv++)));
943 		}
944 	} else
945 		return (EFAULT);
946 
947 	imgp->endargs = imgp->stringp;
948 
949 	/*
950 	 * extract environment strings
951 	 */
952 
953 	envv = imgp->userspace_envv;
954 
955 	if (envv) {
956 		while ((envp = (caddr_t)(intptr_t)fuword(envv++))) {
957 			if (envp == (caddr_t)-1)
958 				return (EFAULT);
959 			if ((error = copyinstr(envp, imgp->stringp,
960 			    imgp->stringspace, &length))) {
961 				if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
962 					return (E2BIG);
963 				return (error);
964 			}
965 			imgp->stringspace -= length;
966 			imgp->stringp += length;
967 			imgp->envc++;
968 		}
969 	}
970 
971 	return (0);
972 }
973 
974 /*
975  * Copy strings out to the new process address space, constructing
976  *	new arg and env vector tables. Return a pointer to the base
977  *	so that it can be used as the initial stack pointer.
978  */
979 register_t *
980 exec_copyout_strings(imgp)
981 	struct image_params *imgp;
982 {
983 	int argc, envc;
984 	char **vectp;
985 	char *stringp, *destp;
986 	register_t *stack_base;
987 	struct ps_strings *arginfo;
988 	struct proc *p;
989 	int szsigcode;
990 
991 	/*
992 	 * Calculate string base and vector table pointers.
993 	 * Also deal with signal trampoline code for this exec type.
994 	 */
995 	p = imgp->proc;
996 	szsigcode = 0;
997 	arginfo = (struct ps_strings *)p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings;
998 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode != NULL)
999 		szsigcode = *(p->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode);
1000 	destp =	(caddr_t)arginfo - szsigcode - SPARE_USRSPACE -
1001 	    roundup((ARG_MAX - imgp->stringspace), sizeof(char *));
1002 
1003 	/*
1004 	 * install sigcode
1005 	 */
1006 	if (szsigcode)
1007 		copyout(p->p_sysent->sv_sigcode, ((caddr_t)arginfo -
1008 		    szsigcode), szsigcode);
1009 
1010 	/*
1011 	 * If we have a valid auxargs ptr, prepare some room
1012 	 * on the stack.
1013 	 */
1014 	if (imgp->auxargs) {
1015 		/*
1016 		 * 'AT_COUNT*2' is size for the ELF Auxargs data. This is for
1017 		 * lower compatibility.
1018 		 */
1019 		imgp->auxarg_size = (imgp->auxarg_size) ? imgp->auxarg_size :
1020 		    (AT_COUNT * 2);
1021 		/*
1022 		 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of
1023 		 * the arg and env vector sets,and imgp->auxarg_size is room
1024 		 * for argument of Runtime loader.
1025 		 */
1026 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->argc + imgp->envc + 2 +
1027 		    imgp->auxarg_size) * sizeof(char *));
1028 
1029 	} else
1030 		/*
1031 		 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of
1032 		 * the arg and env vector sets
1033 		 */
1034 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->argc + imgp->envc + 2) *
1035 		    sizeof(char *));
1036 
1037 	/*
1038 	 * vectp also becomes our initial stack base
1039 	 */
1040 	stack_base = (register_t *)vectp;
1041 
1042 	stringp = imgp->stringbase;
1043 	argc = imgp->argc;
1044 	envc = imgp->envc;
1045 
1046 	/*
1047 	 * Copy out strings - arguments and environment.
1048 	 */
1049 	copyout(stringp, destp, ARG_MAX - imgp->stringspace);
1050 
1051 	/*
1052 	 * Fill in "ps_strings" struct for ps, w, etc.
1053 	 */
1054 	suword(&arginfo->ps_argvstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
1055 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nargvstr, argc);
1056 
1057 	/*
1058 	 * Fill in argument portion of vector table.
1059 	 */
1060 	for (; argc > 0; --argc) {
1061 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
1062 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
1063 			destp++;
1064 		destp++;
1065 	}
1066 
1067 	/* a null vector table pointer separates the argp's from the envp's */
1068 	suword(vectp++, 0);
1069 
1070 	suword(&arginfo->ps_envstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
1071 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nenvstr, envc);
1072 
1073 	/*
1074 	 * Fill in environment portion of vector table.
1075 	 */
1076 	for (; envc > 0; --envc) {
1077 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
1078 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
1079 			destp++;
1080 		destp++;
1081 	}
1082 
1083 	/* end of vector table is a null pointer */
1084 	suword(vectp, 0);
1085 
1086 	return (stack_base);
1087 }
1088 
1089 /*
1090  * Check permissions of file to execute.
1091  *	Called with imgp->vp locked.
1092  *	Return 0 for success or error code on failure.
1093  */
1094 int
1095 exec_check_permissions(imgp)
1096 	struct image_params *imgp;
1097 {
1098 	struct vnode *vp = imgp->vp;
1099 	struct vattr *attr = imgp->attr;
1100 	struct thread *td;
1101 	int error;
1102 
1103 	td = curthread;			/* XXXKSE */
1104 
1105 	/* Get file attributes */
1106 	error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, attr, td->td_ucred, td);
1107 	if (error)
1108 		return (error);
1109 
1110 #ifdef MAC
1111 	error = mac_check_vnode_exec(td->td_ucred, imgp->vp, imgp);
1112 	if (error)
1113 		return (error);
1114 #endif
1115 
1116 	/*
1117 	 * 1) Check if file execution is disabled for the filesystem that this
1118 	 *	file resides on.
1119 	 * 2) Insure that at least one execute bit is on - otherwise root
1120 	 *	will always succeed, and we don't want to happen unless the
1121 	 *	file really is executable.
1122 	 * 3) Insure that the file is a regular file.
1123 	 */
1124 	if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) ||
1125 	    ((attr->va_mode & 0111) == 0) ||
1126 	    (attr->va_type != VREG))
1127 		return (EACCES);
1128 
1129 	/*
1130 	 * Zero length files can't be exec'd
1131 	 */
1132 	if (attr->va_size == 0)
1133 		return (ENOEXEC);
1134 
1135 	/*
1136 	 *  Check for execute permission to file based on current credentials.
1137 	 */
1138 	error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, td->td_ucred, td);
1139 	if (error)
1140 		return (error);
1141 
1142 	/*
1143 	 * Check number of open-for-writes on the file and deny execution
1144 	 * if there are any.
1145 	 */
1146 	if (vp->v_writecount)
1147 		return (ETXTBSY);
1148 
1149 	/*
1150 	 * Call filesystem specific open routine (which does nothing in the
1151 	 * general case).
1152 	 */
1153 	error = VOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, td->td_ucred, td, -1);
1154 	return (error);
1155 }
1156 
1157 /*
1158  * Exec handler registration
1159  */
1160 int
1161 exec_register(execsw_arg)
1162 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
1163 {
1164 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
1165 	int count = 2;	/* New slot and trailing NULL */
1166 
1167 	if (execsw)
1168 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1169 			count++;
1170 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1171 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
1172 		return (ENOMEM);
1173 	xs = newexecsw;
1174 	if (execsw)
1175 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1176 			*xs++ = *es;
1177 	*xs++ = execsw_arg;
1178 	*xs = NULL;
1179 	if (execsw)
1180 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
1181 	execsw = newexecsw;
1182 	return (0);
1183 }
1184 
1185 int
1186 exec_unregister(execsw_arg)
1187 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
1188 {
1189 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
1190 	int count = 1;
1191 
1192 	if (execsw == NULL)
1193 		panic("unregister with no handlers left?\n");
1194 
1195 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++) {
1196 		if (*es == execsw_arg)
1197 			break;
1198 	}
1199 	if (*es == NULL)
1200 		return (ENOENT);
1201 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1202 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1203 			count++;
1204 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1205 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
1206 		return (ENOMEM);
1207 	xs = newexecsw;
1208 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1209 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1210 			*xs++ = *es;
1211 	*xs = NULL;
1212 	if (execsw)
1213 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
1214 	execsw = newexecsw;
1215 	return (0);
1216 }
1217