xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_exec.c (revision 6356dba0b403daa023dec24559ab1f8e602e4f14)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1993, David Greenman
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_hwpmc_hooks.h"
31 #include "opt_kdtrace.h"
32 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
33 #include "opt_mac.h"
34 #include "opt_vm.h"
35 
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/systm.h>
38 #include <sys/eventhandler.h>
39 #include <sys/lock.h>
40 #include <sys/mutex.h>
41 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
42 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
43 #include <sys/kernel.h>
44 #include <sys/mount.h>
45 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
46 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
47 #include <sys/acct.h>
48 #include <sys/exec.h>
49 #include <sys/imgact.h>
50 #include <sys/imgact_elf.h>
51 #include <sys/wait.h>
52 #include <sys/malloc.h>
53 #include <sys/priv.h>
54 #include <sys/proc.h>
55 #include <sys/pioctl.h>
56 #include <sys/namei.h>
57 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
58 #include <sys/sdt.h>
59 #include <sys/sf_buf.h>
60 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
61 #include <sys/sysent.h>
62 #include <sys/shm.h>
63 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
64 #include <sys/vnode.h>
65 #ifdef KTRACE
66 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
67 #endif
68 
69 #include <vm/vm.h>
70 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
71 #include <vm/pmap.h>
72 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
73 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
74 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
75 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
76 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
77 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
78 
79 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
80 #include <sys/pmckern.h>
81 #endif
82 
83 #include <machine/reg.h>
84 
85 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
86 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
87 
88 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
89 #include <sys/dtrace_bsd.h>
90 dtrace_execexit_func_t	dtrace_fasttrap_exec;
91 #endif
92 
93 SDT_PROVIDER_DECLARE(proc);
94 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE(proc, kernel, , exec);
95 SDT_PROBE_ARGTYPE(proc, kernel, , exec, 0, "char *");
96 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE(proc, kernel, , exec_failure);
97 SDT_PROBE_ARGTYPE(proc, kernel, , exec_failure, 0, "int");
98 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE(proc, kernel, , exec_success);
99 SDT_PROBE_ARGTYPE(proc, kernel, , exec_success, 0, "char *");
100 
101 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_PARGS, "proc-args", "Process arguments");
102 
103 static int sysctl_kern_ps_strings(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
104 static int sysctl_kern_usrstack(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
105 static int sysctl_kern_stackprot(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
106 static int do_execve(struct thread *td, struct image_args *args,
107     struct mac *mac_p);
108 static void exec_free_args(struct image_args *);
109 
110 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
111 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_PS_STRINGS, ps_strings, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
112     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_ps_strings, "LU", "");
113 
114 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
115 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_USRSTACK, usrstack, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
116     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_usrstack, "LU", "");
117 
118 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, OID_AUTO, stackprot, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RD,
119     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_stackprot, "I", "");
120 
121 u_long ps_arg_cache_limit = PAGE_SIZE / 16;
122 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, ps_arg_cache_limit, CTLFLAG_RW,
123     &ps_arg_cache_limit, 0, "");
124 
125 static int
126 sysctl_kern_ps_strings(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
127 {
128 	struct proc *p;
129 	int error;
130 
131 	p = curproc;
132 #ifdef SCTL_MASK32
133 	if (req->flags & SCTL_MASK32) {
134 		unsigned int val;
135 		val = (unsigned int)p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings;
136 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &val, sizeof(val));
137 	} else
138 #endif
139 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings,
140 		   sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings));
141 	return error;
142 }
143 
144 static int
145 sysctl_kern_usrstack(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
146 {
147 	struct proc *p;
148 	int error;
149 
150 	p = curproc;
151 #ifdef SCTL_MASK32
152 	if (req->flags & SCTL_MASK32) {
153 		unsigned int val;
154 		val = (unsigned int)p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack;
155 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &val, sizeof(val));
156 	} else
157 #endif
158 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack,
159 		    sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack));
160 	return error;
161 }
162 
163 static int
164 sysctl_kern_stackprot(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
165 {
166 	struct proc *p;
167 
168 	p = curproc;
169 	return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_stackprot,
170 	    sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_stackprot)));
171 }
172 
173 /*
174  * Each of the items is a pointer to a `const struct execsw', hence the
175  * double pointer here.
176  */
177 static const struct execsw **execsw;
178 
179 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
180 struct execve_args {
181 	char    *fname;
182 	char    **argv;
183 	char    **envv;
184 };
185 #endif
186 
187 int
188 execve(td, uap)
189 	struct thread *td;
190 	struct execve_args /* {
191 		char *fname;
192 		char **argv;
193 		char **envv;
194 	} */ *uap;
195 {
196 	int error;
197 	struct image_args args;
198 
199 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, uap->fname, UIO_USERSPACE,
200 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
201 	if (error == 0)
202 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, NULL);
203 	return (error);
204 }
205 
206 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
207 struct fexecve_args {
208 	int	fd;
209 	char	**argv;
210 	char	**envv;
211 }
212 #endif
213 int
214 fexecve(struct thread *td, struct fexecve_args *uap)
215 {
216 	int error;
217 	struct image_args args;
218 
219 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, NULL, UIO_SYSSPACE,
220 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
221 	if (error == 0) {
222 		args.fd = uap->fd;
223 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, NULL);
224 	}
225 	return (error);
226 }
227 
228 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
229 struct __mac_execve_args {
230 	char	*fname;
231 	char	**argv;
232 	char	**envv;
233 	struct mac	*mac_p;
234 };
235 #endif
236 
237 int
238 __mac_execve(td, uap)
239 	struct thread *td;
240 	struct __mac_execve_args /* {
241 		char *fname;
242 		char **argv;
243 		char **envv;
244 		struct mac *mac_p;
245 	} */ *uap;
246 {
247 #ifdef MAC
248 	int error;
249 	struct image_args args;
250 
251 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, uap->fname, UIO_USERSPACE,
252 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
253 	if (error == 0)
254 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, uap->mac_p);
255 	return (error);
256 #else
257 	return (ENOSYS);
258 #endif
259 }
260 
261 /*
262  * XXX: kern_execve has the astonishing property of not always returning to
263  * the caller.  If sufficiently bad things happen during the call to
264  * do_execve(), it can end up calling exit1(); as a result, callers must
265  * avoid doing anything which they might need to undo (e.g., allocating
266  * memory).
267  */
268 int
269 kern_execve(td, args, mac_p)
270 	struct thread *td;
271 	struct image_args *args;
272 	struct mac *mac_p;
273 {
274 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
275 	int error;
276 
277 	AUDIT_ARG(argv, args->begin_argv, args->argc,
278 	    args->begin_envv - args->begin_argv);
279 	AUDIT_ARG(envv, args->begin_envv, args->envc,
280 	    args->endp - args->begin_envv);
281 	if (p->p_flag & P_HADTHREADS) {
282 		PROC_LOCK(p);
283 		if (thread_single(SINGLE_BOUNDARY)) {
284 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
285 	       		exec_free_args(args);
286 			return (ERESTART);	/* Try again later. */
287 		}
288 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
289 	}
290 
291 	error = do_execve(td, args, mac_p);
292 
293 	if (p->p_flag & P_HADTHREADS) {
294 		PROC_LOCK(p);
295 		/*
296 		 * If success, we upgrade to SINGLE_EXIT state to
297 		 * force other threads to suicide.
298 		 */
299 		if (error == 0)
300 			thread_single(SINGLE_EXIT);
301 		else
302 			thread_single_end();
303 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
304 	}
305 
306 	return (error);
307 }
308 
309 /*
310  * In-kernel implementation of execve().  All arguments are assumed to be
311  * userspace pointers from the passed thread.
312  */
313 static int
314 do_execve(td, args, mac_p)
315 	struct thread *td;
316 	struct image_args *args;
317 	struct mac *mac_p;
318 {
319 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
320 	struct nameidata nd, *ndp;
321 	struct ucred *newcred = NULL, *oldcred;
322 	struct uidinfo *euip;
323 	register_t *stack_base;
324 	int error, len = 0, i;
325 	struct image_params image_params, *imgp;
326 	struct vattr attr;
327 	int (*img_first)(struct image_params *);
328 	struct pargs *oldargs = NULL, *newargs = NULL;
329 	struct sigacts *oldsigacts, *newsigacts;
330 #ifdef KTRACE
331 	struct vnode *tracevp = NULL;
332 	struct ucred *tracecred = NULL;
333 #endif
334 	struct vnode *textvp = NULL, *binvp = NULL;
335 	int credential_changing;
336 	int vfslocked;
337 	int textset;
338 #ifdef MAC
339 	struct label *interpvplabel = NULL;
340 	int will_transition;
341 #endif
342 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
343 	struct pmckern_procexec pe;
344 #endif
345 	static const char fexecv_proc_title[] = "(fexecv)";
346 
347 	vfslocked = 0;
348 	imgp = &image_params;
349 
350 	/*
351 	 * Lock the process and set the P_INEXEC flag to indicate that
352 	 * it should be left alone until we're done here.  This is
353 	 * necessary to avoid race conditions - e.g. in ptrace() -
354 	 * that might allow a local user to illicitly obtain elevated
355 	 * privileges.
356 	 */
357 	PROC_LOCK(p);
358 	KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_INEXEC) == 0,
359 	    ("%s(): process already has P_INEXEC flag", __func__));
360 	p->p_flag |= P_INEXEC;
361 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
362 
363 	/*
364 	 * Initialize part of the common data
365 	 */
366 	imgp->proc = p;
367 	imgp->execlabel = NULL;
368 	imgp->attr = &attr;
369 	imgp->entry_addr = 0;
370 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 0;
371 	imgp->interpreted = 0;
372 	imgp->opened = 0;
373 	imgp->interpreter_name = args->buf + PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX;
374 	imgp->auxargs = NULL;
375 	imgp->vp = NULL;
376 	imgp->object = NULL;
377 	imgp->firstpage = NULL;
378 	imgp->ps_strings = 0;
379 	imgp->auxarg_size = 0;
380 	imgp->args = args;
381 
382 #ifdef MAC
383 	error = mac_execve_enter(imgp, mac_p);
384 	if (error)
385 		goto exec_fail;
386 #endif
387 
388 	imgp->image_header = NULL;
389 
390 	SDT_PROBE(proc, kernel, , exec, args->fname, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
391 
392 	/*
393 	 * Translate the file name. namei() returns a vnode pointer
394 	 *	in ni_vp amoung other things.
395 	 *
396 	 * XXXAUDIT: It would be desirable to also audit the name of the
397 	 * interpreter if this is an interpreted binary.
398 	 */
399 	if (args->fname != NULL) {
400 		ndp = &nd;
401 		NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, ISOPEN | LOCKLEAF | FOLLOW | SAVENAME
402 		    | MPSAFE | AUDITVNODE1, UIO_SYSSPACE, args->fname, td);
403 	}
404 
405 interpret:
406 	if (args->fname != NULL) {
407 		error = namei(ndp);
408 		if (error)
409 			goto exec_fail;
410 
411 		vfslocked = NDHASGIANT(ndp);
412 		binvp  = ndp->ni_vp;
413 		imgp->vp = binvp;
414 	} else {
415 		error = fgetvp(td, args->fd, &binvp);
416 		if (error)
417 			goto exec_fail;
418 		vfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(binvp->v_mount);
419 		vn_lock(binvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
420 		imgp->vp = binvp;
421 	}
422 
423 	/*
424 	 * Check file permissions (also 'opens' file)
425 	 */
426 	error = exec_check_permissions(imgp);
427 	if (error)
428 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
429 
430 	imgp->object = imgp->vp->v_object;
431 	if (imgp->object != NULL)
432 		vm_object_reference(imgp->object);
433 
434 	/*
435 	 * Set VV_TEXT now so no one can write to the executable while we're
436 	 * activating it.
437 	 *
438 	 * Remember if this was set before and unset it in case this is not
439 	 * actually an executable image.
440 	 */
441 	textset = imgp->vp->v_vflag & VV_TEXT;
442 	imgp->vp->v_vflag |= VV_TEXT;
443 
444 	error = exec_map_first_page(imgp);
445 	if (error)
446 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
447 
448 	imgp->proc->p_osrel = 0;
449 	/*
450 	 *	If the current process has a special image activator it
451 	 *	wants to try first, call it.   For example, emulating shell
452 	 *	scripts differently.
453 	 */
454 	error = -1;
455 	if ((img_first = imgp->proc->p_sysent->sv_imgact_try) != NULL)
456 		error = img_first(imgp);
457 
458 	/*
459 	 *	Loop through the list of image activators, calling each one.
460 	 *	An activator returns -1 if there is no match, 0 on success,
461 	 *	and an error otherwise.
462 	 */
463 	for (i = 0; error == -1 && execsw[i]; ++i) {
464 		if (execsw[i]->ex_imgact == NULL ||
465 		    execsw[i]->ex_imgact == img_first) {
466 			continue;
467 		}
468 		error = (*execsw[i]->ex_imgact)(imgp);
469 	}
470 
471 	if (error) {
472 		if (error == -1) {
473 			if (textset == 0)
474 				imgp->vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_TEXT;
475 			error = ENOEXEC;
476 		}
477 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
478 	}
479 
480 	/*
481 	 * Special interpreter operation, cleanup and loop up to try to
482 	 * activate the interpreter.
483 	 */
484 	if (imgp->interpreted) {
485 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
486 		/*
487 		 * VV_TEXT needs to be unset for scripts.  There is a short
488 		 * period before we determine that something is a script where
489 		 * VV_TEXT will be set. The vnode lock is held over this
490 		 * entire period so nothing should illegitimately be blocked.
491 		 */
492 		imgp->vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_TEXT;
493 		/* free name buffer and old vnode */
494 		if (args->fname != NULL)
495 			NDFREE(ndp, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
496 #ifdef MAC
497 		mac_execve_interpreter_enter(binvp, &interpvplabel);
498 #endif
499 		if (imgp->opened) {
500 			VOP_CLOSE(binvp, FREAD, td->td_ucred, td);
501 			imgp->opened = 0;
502 		}
503 		vput(binvp);
504 		vm_object_deallocate(imgp->object);
505 		imgp->object = NULL;
506 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
507 		vfslocked = 0;
508 		/* set new name to that of the interpreter */
509 		NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, LOCKLEAF | FOLLOW | SAVENAME | MPSAFE,
510 		    UIO_SYSSPACE, imgp->interpreter_name, td);
511 		args->fname = imgp->interpreter_name;
512 		goto interpret;
513 	}
514 
515 	/*
516 	 * NB: We unlock the vnode here because it is believed that none
517 	 * of the sv_copyout_strings/sv_fixup operations require the vnode.
518 	 */
519 	VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
520 	/*
521 	 * Copy out strings (args and env) and initialize stack base
522 	 */
523 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_copyout_strings)
524 		stack_base = (*p->p_sysent->sv_copyout_strings)(imgp);
525 	else
526 		stack_base = exec_copyout_strings(imgp);
527 
528 	/*
529 	 * If custom stack fixup routine present for this process
530 	 * let it do the stack setup.
531 	 * Else stuff argument count as first item on stack
532 	 */
533 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_fixup != NULL)
534 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_fixup)(&stack_base, imgp);
535 	else
536 		suword(--stack_base, imgp->args->argc);
537 
538 	/*
539 	 * For security and other reasons, the file descriptor table cannot
540 	 * be shared after an exec.
541 	 */
542 	fdunshare(p, td);
543 
544 	/*
545 	 * Malloc things before we need locks.
546 	 */
547 	newcred = crget();
548 	euip = uifind(attr.va_uid);
549 	i = imgp->args->begin_envv - imgp->args->begin_argv;
550 	/* Cache arguments if they fit inside our allowance */
551 	if (ps_arg_cache_limit >= i + sizeof(struct pargs)) {
552 		newargs = pargs_alloc(i);
553 		bcopy(imgp->args->begin_argv, newargs->ar_args, i);
554 	}
555 
556 	/* close files on exec */
557 	fdcloseexec(td);
558 	vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
559 
560 	/* Get a reference to the vnode prior to locking the proc */
561 	VREF(binvp);
562 
563 	/*
564 	 * For security and other reasons, signal handlers cannot
565 	 * be shared after an exec. The new process gets a copy of the old
566 	 * handlers. In execsigs(), the new process will have its signals
567 	 * reset.
568 	 */
569 	PROC_LOCK(p);
570 	if (sigacts_shared(p->p_sigacts)) {
571 		oldsigacts = p->p_sigacts;
572 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
573 		newsigacts = sigacts_alloc();
574 		sigacts_copy(newsigacts, oldsigacts);
575 		PROC_LOCK(p);
576 		p->p_sigacts = newsigacts;
577 	} else
578 		oldsigacts = NULL;
579 
580 	/* Stop profiling */
581 	stopprofclock(p);
582 
583 	/* reset caught signals */
584 	execsigs(p);
585 
586 	/* name this process - nameiexec(p, ndp) */
587 	if (args->fname) {
588 		len = min(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen,MAXCOMLEN);
589 		bcopy(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, p->p_comm, len);
590 	} else {
591 		len = MAXCOMLEN;
592 		if (vn_commname(binvp, p->p_comm, MAXCOMLEN + 1) == 0)
593 			len = MAXCOMLEN;
594 		else {
595 			len = sizeof(fexecv_proc_title);
596 			bcopy(fexecv_proc_title, p->p_comm, len);
597 		}
598 	}
599 	p->p_comm[len] = 0;
600 	bcopy(p->p_comm, td->td_name, sizeof(td->td_name));
601 
602 	/*
603 	 * mark as execed, wakeup the process that vforked (if any) and tell
604 	 * it that it now has its own resources back
605 	 */
606 	p->p_flag |= P_EXEC;
607 	if (p->p_pptr && (p->p_flag & P_PPWAIT)) {
608 		p->p_flag &= ~P_PPWAIT;
609 		wakeup(p->p_pptr);
610 	}
611 
612 	/*
613 	 * Implement image setuid/setgid.
614 	 *
615 	 * Don't honor setuid/setgid if the filesystem prohibits it or if
616 	 * the process is being traced.
617 	 *
618 	 * XXXMAC: For the time being, use NOSUID to also prohibit
619 	 * transitions on the file system.
620 	 */
621 	oldcred = p->p_ucred;
622 	credential_changing = 0;
623 	credential_changing |= (attr.va_mode & VSUID) && oldcred->cr_uid !=
624 	    attr.va_uid;
625 	credential_changing |= (attr.va_mode & VSGID) && oldcred->cr_gid !=
626 	    attr.va_gid;
627 #ifdef MAC
628 	will_transition = mac_vnode_execve_will_transition(oldcred, imgp->vp,
629 	    interpvplabel, imgp);
630 	credential_changing |= will_transition;
631 #endif
632 
633 	if (credential_changing &&
634 	    (imgp->vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID) == 0 &&
635 	    (p->p_flag & P_TRACED) == 0) {
636 		/*
637 		 * Turn off syscall tracing for set-id programs, except for
638 		 * root.  Record any set-id flags first to make sure that
639 		 * we do not regain any tracing during a possible block.
640 		 */
641 		setsugid(p);
642 
643 #ifdef KTRACE
644 		if (p->p_tracevp != NULL &&
645 		    priv_check_cred(oldcred, PRIV_DEBUG_DIFFCRED, 0)) {
646 			mtx_lock(&ktrace_mtx);
647 			p->p_traceflag = 0;
648 			tracevp = p->p_tracevp;
649 			p->p_tracevp = NULL;
650 			tracecred = p->p_tracecred;
651 			p->p_tracecred = NULL;
652 			mtx_unlock(&ktrace_mtx);
653 		}
654 #endif
655 		/*
656 		 * Close any file descriptors 0..2 that reference procfs,
657 		 * then make sure file descriptors 0..2 are in use.
658 		 *
659 		 * setugidsafety() may call closef() and then pfind()
660 		 * which may grab the process lock.
661 		 * fdcheckstd() may call falloc() which may block to
662 		 * allocate memory, so temporarily drop the process lock.
663 		 */
664 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
665 		setugidsafety(td);
666 		VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
667 		error = fdcheckstd(td);
668 		vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
669 		if (error != 0)
670 			goto done1;
671 		PROC_LOCK(p);
672 		/*
673 		 * Set the new credentials.
674 		 */
675 		crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
676 		if (attr.va_mode & VSUID)
677 			change_euid(newcred, euip);
678 		if (attr.va_mode & VSGID)
679 			change_egid(newcred, attr.va_gid);
680 #ifdef MAC
681 		if (will_transition) {
682 			mac_vnode_execve_transition(oldcred, newcred, imgp->vp,
683 			    interpvplabel, imgp);
684 		}
685 #endif
686 		/*
687 		 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
688 		 *
689 		 * XXXMAC: Note that the current logic will save the
690 		 * uid and gid if a MAC domain transition occurs, even
691 		 * though maybe it shouldn't.
692 		 */
693 		change_svuid(newcred, newcred->cr_uid);
694 		change_svgid(newcred, newcred->cr_gid);
695 		p->p_ucred = newcred;
696 		newcred = NULL;
697 	} else {
698 		if (oldcred->cr_uid == oldcred->cr_ruid &&
699 		    oldcred->cr_gid == oldcred->cr_rgid)
700 			p->p_flag &= ~P_SUGID;
701 		/*
702 		 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
703 		 *
704 		 * XXX: It's not clear that the existing behavior is
705 		 * POSIX-compliant.  A number of sources indicate that the
706 		 * saved uid/gid should only be updated if the new ruid is
707 		 * not equal to the old ruid, or the new euid is not equal
708 		 * to the old euid and the new euid is not equal to the old
709 		 * ruid.  The FreeBSD code always updates the saved uid/gid.
710 		 * Also, this code uses the new (replaced) euid and egid as
711 		 * the source, which may or may not be the right ones to use.
712 		 */
713 		if (oldcred->cr_svuid != oldcred->cr_uid ||
714 		    oldcred->cr_svgid != oldcred->cr_gid) {
715 			crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
716 			change_svuid(newcred, newcred->cr_uid);
717 			change_svgid(newcred, newcred->cr_gid);
718 			p->p_ucred = newcred;
719 			newcred = NULL;
720 		}
721 	}
722 
723 	/*
724 	 * Store the vp for use in procfs.  This vnode was referenced prior
725 	 * to locking the proc lock.
726 	 */
727 	textvp = p->p_textvp;
728 	p->p_textvp = binvp;
729 
730 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
731 	/*
732 	 * Tell the DTrace fasttrap provider about the exec if it
733 	 * has declared an interest.
734 	 */
735 	if (dtrace_fasttrap_exec)
736 		dtrace_fasttrap_exec(p);
737 #endif
738 
739 	/*
740 	 * Notify others that we exec'd, and clear the P_INEXEC flag
741 	 * as we're now a bona fide freshly-execed process.
742 	 */
743 	KNOTE_LOCKED(&p->p_klist, NOTE_EXEC);
744 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
745 
746 	/*
747 	 * If tracing the process, trap to debugger so breakpoints
748 	 * can be set before the program executes.
749 	 * Use tdsignal to deliver signal to current thread, use
750 	 * psignal may cause the signal to be delivered to wrong thread
751 	 * because that thread will exit, remember we are going to enter
752 	 * single thread mode.
753 	 */
754 	if (p->p_flag & P_TRACED)
755 		tdsignal(p, td, SIGTRAP, NULL);
756 
757 	/* clear "fork but no exec" flag, as we _are_ execing */
758 	p->p_acflag &= ~AFORK;
759 
760 	/*
761 	 * Free any previous argument cache and replace it with
762 	 * the new argument cache, if any.
763 	 */
764 	oldargs = p->p_args;
765 	p->p_args = newargs;
766 	newargs = NULL;
767 
768 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
769 	/*
770 	 * Check if system-wide sampling is in effect or if the
771 	 * current process is using PMCs.  If so, do exec() time
772 	 * processing.  This processing needs to happen AFTER the
773 	 * P_INEXEC flag is cleared.
774 	 *
775 	 * The proc lock needs to be released before taking the PMC
776 	 * SX.
777 	 */
778 	if (PMC_SYSTEM_SAMPLING_ACTIVE() || PMC_PROC_IS_USING_PMCS(p)) {
779 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
780 		pe.pm_credentialschanged = credential_changing;
781 		pe.pm_entryaddr = imgp->entry_addr;
782 
783 		PMC_CALL_HOOK_X(td, PMC_FN_PROCESS_EXEC, (void *) &pe);
784 	} else
785 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
786 #else  /* !HWPMC_HOOKS */
787 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
788 #endif
789 
790 	/* Set values passed into the program in registers. */
791 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_setregs)
792 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_setregs)(td, imgp->entry_addr,
793 		    (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base, imgp->ps_strings);
794 	else
795 		exec_setregs(td, imgp->entry_addr,
796 		    (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base, imgp->ps_strings);
797 
798 	vfs_mark_atime(imgp->vp, td);
799 
800 done1:
801 
802 	/*
803 	 * Free any resources malloc'd earlier that we didn't use.
804 	 */
805 	uifree(euip);
806 	if (newcred == NULL)
807 		crfree(oldcred);
808 	else
809 		crfree(newcred);
810 	VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
811 
812 	SDT_PROBE(proc, kernel, , exec_success, args->fname, 0, 0, 0, 0);
813 
814 	/*
815 	 * Handle deferred decrement of ref counts.
816 	 */
817 	if (textvp != NULL) {
818 		int tvfslocked;
819 
820 		tvfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(textvp->v_mount);
821 		vrele(textvp);
822 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(tvfslocked);
823 	}
824 	if (binvp && error != 0)
825 		vrele(binvp);
826 #ifdef KTRACE
827 	if (tracevp != NULL) {
828 		int tvfslocked;
829 
830 		tvfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(tracevp->v_mount);
831 		vrele(tracevp);
832 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(tvfslocked);
833 	}
834 	if (tracecred != NULL)
835 		crfree(tracecred);
836 #endif
837 	vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
838 	pargs_drop(oldargs);
839 	pargs_drop(newargs);
840 	if (oldsigacts != NULL)
841 		sigacts_free(oldsigacts);
842 
843 exec_fail_dealloc:
844 
845 	/*
846 	 * free various allocated resources
847 	 */
848 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL)
849 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
850 
851 	if (imgp->vp != NULL) {
852 		if (args->fname)
853 			NDFREE(ndp, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
854 		if (imgp->opened)
855 			VOP_CLOSE(imgp->vp, FREAD, td->td_ucred, td);
856 		vput(imgp->vp);
857 	}
858 
859 	if (imgp->object != NULL)
860 		vm_object_deallocate(imgp->object);
861 
862 	if (error == 0) {
863 		/*
864 		 * Stop the process here if its stop event mask has
865 		 * the S_EXEC bit set.
866 		 */
867 		STOPEVENT(p, S_EXEC, 0);
868 		goto done2;
869 	}
870 
871 exec_fail:
872 	/* we're done here, clear P_INEXEC */
873 	PROC_LOCK(p);
874 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
875 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
876 
877 	SDT_PROBE(proc, kernel, , exec_failure, error, 0, 0, 0, 0);
878 
879 done2:
880 #ifdef MAC
881 	mac_execve_exit(imgp);
882 	mac_execve_interpreter_exit(interpvplabel);
883 #endif
884 	VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
885 	exec_free_args(args);
886 
887 	if (error && imgp->vmspace_destroyed) {
888 		/* sorry, no more process anymore. exit gracefully */
889 		exit1(td, W_EXITCODE(0, SIGABRT));
890 		/* NOT REACHED */
891 	}
892 	return (error);
893 }
894 
895 int
896 exec_map_first_page(imgp)
897 	struct image_params *imgp;
898 {
899 	int rv, i;
900 	int initial_pagein;
901 	vm_page_t ma[VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN];
902 	vm_object_t object;
903 
904 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL)
905 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
906 
907 	object = imgp->vp->v_object;
908 	if (object == NULL)
909 		return (EACCES);
910 	VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
911 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
912 	if ((object->flags & OBJ_COLORED) == 0) {
913 		object->flags |= OBJ_COLORED;
914 		object->pg_color = 0;
915 	}
916 #endif
917 	ma[0] = vm_page_grab(object, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_RETRY);
918 	if ((ma[0]->valid & VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
919 		initial_pagein = VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN;
920 		if (initial_pagein > object->size)
921 			initial_pagein = object->size;
922 		for (i = 1; i < initial_pagein; i++) {
923 			if ((ma[i] = vm_page_lookup(object, i)) != NULL) {
924 				if (ma[i]->valid)
925 					break;
926 				if ((ma[i]->oflags & VPO_BUSY) || ma[i]->busy)
927 					break;
928 				vm_page_busy(ma[i]);
929 			} else {
930 				ma[i] = vm_page_alloc(object, i,
931 				    VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_IFNOTCACHED);
932 				if (ma[i] == NULL)
933 					break;
934 			}
935 		}
936 		initial_pagein = i;
937 		rv = vm_pager_get_pages(object, ma, initial_pagein, 0);
938 		ma[0] = vm_page_lookup(object, 0);
939 		if ((rv != VM_PAGER_OK) || (ma[0] == NULL) ||
940 		    (ma[0]->valid == 0)) {
941 			if (ma[0]) {
942 				vm_page_lock_queues();
943 				vm_page_free(ma[0]);
944 				vm_page_unlock_queues();
945 			}
946 			VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
947 			return (EIO);
948 		}
949 	}
950 	vm_page_lock_queues();
951 	vm_page_hold(ma[0]);
952 	vm_page_unlock_queues();
953 	vm_page_wakeup(ma[0]);
954 	VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
955 
956 	imgp->firstpage = sf_buf_alloc(ma[0], 0);
957 	imgp->image_header = (char *)sf_buf_kva(imgp->firstpage);
958 
959 	return (0);
960 }
961 
962 void
963 exec_unmap_first_page(imgp)
964 	struct image_params *imgp;
965 {
966 	vm_page_t m;
967 
968 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL) {
969 		m = sf_buf_page(imgp->firstpage);
970 		sf_buf_free(imgp->firstpage);
971 		imgp->firstpage = NULL;
972 		vm_page_lock_queues();
973 		vm_page_unhold(m);
974 		vm_page_unlock_queues();
975 	}
976 }
977 
978 /*
979  * Destroy old address space, and allocate a new stack
980  *	The new stack is only SGROWSIZ large because it is grown
981  *	automatically in trap.c.
982  */
983 int
984 exec_new_vmspace(imgp, sv)
985 	struct image_params *imgp;
986 	struct sysentvec *sv;
987 {
988 	int error;
989 	struct proc *p = imgp->proc;
990 	struct vmspace *vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
991 	vm_offset_t stack_addr;
992 	vm_map_t map;
993 	u_long ssiz;
994 
995 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 1;
996 	imgp->sysent = sv;
997 
998 	/* May be called with Giant held */
999 	EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(process_exec, p, imgp);
1000 
1001 	/*
1002 	 * Blow away entire process VM, if address space not shared,
1003 	 * otherwise, create a new VM space so that other threads are
1004 	 * not disrupted
1005 	 */
1006 	map = &vmspace->vm_map;
1007 	if (vmspace->vm_refcnt == 1 && vm_map_min(map) == sv->sv_minuser &&
1008 	    vm_map_max(map) == sv->sv_maxuser) {
1009 		shmexit(vmspace);
1010 		pmap_remove_pages(vmspace_pmap(vmspace));
1011 		vm_map_remove(map, vm_map_min(map), vm_map_max(map));
1012 	} else {
1013 		error = vmspace_exec(p, sv->sv_minuser, sv->sv_maxuser);
1014 		if (error)
1015 			return (error);
1016 		vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
1017 		map = &vmspace->vm_map;
1018 	}
1019 
1020 	/* Allocate a new stack */
1021 	if (sv->sv_maxssiz != NULL)
1022 		ssiz = *sv->sv_maxssiz;
1023 	else
1024 		ssiz = maxssiz;
1025 	stack_addr = sv->sv_usrstack - ssiz;
1026 	error = vm_map_stack(map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)ssiz,
1027 	    sv->sv_stackprot, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_STACK_GROWS_DOWN);
1028 	if (error)
1029 		return (error);
1030 
1031 #ifdef __ia64__
1032 	/* Allocate a new register stack */
1033 	stack_addr = IA64_BACKINGSTORE;
1034 	error = vm_map_stack(map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)ssiz,
1035 	    sv->sv_stackprot, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_STACK_GROWS_UP);
1036 	if (error)
1037 		return (error);
1038 #endif
1039 
1040 	/* vm_ssize and vm_maxsaddr are somewhat antiquated concepts in the
1041 	 * VM_STACK case, but they are still used to monitor the size of the
1042 	 * process stack so we can check the stack rlimit.
1043 	 */
1044 	vmspace->vm_ssize = sgrowsiz >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1045 	vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (char *)sv->sv_usrstack - ssiz;
1046 
1047 	return (0);
1048 }
1049 
1050 /*
1051  * Copy out argument and environment strings from the old process address
1052  * space into the temporary string buffer.
1053  */
1054 int
1055 exec_copyin_args(struct image_args *args, char *fname,
1056     enum uio_seg segflg, char **argv, char **envv)
1057 {
1058 	char *argp, *envp;
1059 	int error;
1060 	size_t length;
1061 
1062 	error = 0;
1063 
1064 	bzero(args, sizeof(*args));
1065 	if (argv == NULL)
1066 		return (EFAULT);
1067 	/*
1068 	 * Allocate temporary demand zeroed space for argument and
1069 	 *	environment strings:
1070 	 *
1071 	 * o ARG_MAX for argument and environment;
1072 	 * o MAXSHELLCMDLEN for the name of interpreters.
1073 	 */
1074 	args->buf = (char *) kmem_alloc_wait(exec_map,
1075 	    PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX + MAXSHELLCMDLEN);
1076 	if (args->buf == NULL)
1077 		return (ENOMEM);
1078 	args->begin_argv = args->buf;
1079 	args->endp = args->begin_argv;
1080 	args->stringspace = ARG_MAX;
1081 	/*
1082 	 * Copy the file name.
1083 	 */
1084 	if (fname != NULL) {
1085 		args->fname = args->buf + ARG_MAX;
1086 		error = (segflg == UIO_SYSSPACE) ?
1087 		    copystr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length) :
1088 		    copyinstr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length);
1089 		if (error != 0)
1090 			goto err_exit;
1091 	} else
1092 		args->fname = NULL;
1093 
1094 	/*
1095 	 * extract arguments first
1096 	 */
1097 	while ((argp = (caddr_t) (intptr_t) fuword(argv++))) {
1098 		if (argp == (caddr_t) -1) {
1099 			error = EFAULT;
1100 			goto err_exit;
1101 		}
1102 		if ((error = copyinstr(argp, args->endp,
1103 		    args->stringspace, &length))) {
1104 			if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
1105 				error = E2BIG;
1106 			goto err_exit;
1107 		}
1108 		args->stringspace -= length;
1109 		args->endp += length;
1110 		args->argc++;
1111 	}
1112 
1113 	args->begin_envv = args->endp;
1114 
1115 	/*
1116 	 * extract environment strings
1117 	 */
1118 	if (envv) {
1119 		while ((envp = (caddr_t)(intptr_t)fuword(envv++))) {
1120 			if (envp == (caddr_t)-1) {
1121 				error = EFAULT;
1122 				goto err_exit;
1123 			}
1124 			if ((error = copyinstr(envp, args->endp,
1125 			    args->stringspace, &length))) {
1126 				if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
1127 					error = E2BIG;
1128 				goto err_exit;
1129 			}
1130 			args->stringspace -= length;
1131 			args->endp += length;
1132 			args->envc++;
1133 		}
1134 	}
1135 
1136 	return (0);
1137 
1138 err_exit:
1139 	exec_free_args(args);
1140 	return (error);
1141 }
1142 
1143 static void
1144 exec_free_args(struct image_args *args)
1145 {
1146 
1147 	if (args->buf) {
1148 		kmem_free_wakeup(exec_map, (vm_offset_t)args->buf,
1149 		    PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX + MAXSHELLCMDLEN);
1150 		args->buf = NULL;
1151 	}
1152 }
1153 
1154 /*
1155  * Copy strings out to the new process address space, constructing new arg
1156  * and env vector tables. Return a pointer to the base so that it can be used
1157  * as the initial stack pointer.
1158  */
1159 register_t *
1160 exec_copyout_strings(imgp)
1161 	struct image_params *imgp;
1162 {
1163 	int argc, envc;
1164 	char **vectp;
1165 	char *stringp, *destp;
1166 	register_t *stack_base;
1167 	struct ps_strings *arginfo;
1168 	struct proc *p;
1169 	int szsigcode;
1170 
1171 	/*
1172 	 * Calculate string base and vector table pointers.
1173 	 * Also deal with signal trampoline code for this exec type.
1174 	 */
1175 	p = imgp->proc;
1176 	szsigcode = 0;
1177 	arginfo = (struct ps_strings *)p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings;
1178 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode != NULL)
1179 		szsigcode = *(p->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode);
1180 	destp =	(caddr_t)arginfo - szsigcode - SPARE_USRSPACE -
1181 	    roundup((ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace), sizeof(char *));
1182 
1183 	/*
1184 	 * install sigcode
1185 	 */
1186 	if (szsigcode)
1187 		copyout(p->p_sysent->sv_sigcode, ((caddr_t)arginfo -
1188 		    szsigcode), szsigcode);
1189 
1190 	/*
1191 	 * If we have a valid auxargs ptr, prepare some room
1192 	 * on the stack.
1193 	 */
1194 	if (imgp->auxargs) {
1195 		/*
1196 		 * 'AT_COUNT*2' is size for the ELF Auxargs data. This is for
1197 		 * lower compatibility.
1198 		 */
1199 		imgp->auxarg_size = (imgp->auxarg_size) ? imgp->auxarg_size :
1200 		    (AT_COUNT * 2);
1201 		/*
1202 		 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of
1203 		 * the arg and env vector sets,and imgp->auxarg_size is room
1204 		 * for argument of Runtime loader.
1205 		 */
1206 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc +
1207 		    imgp->args->envc + 2 + imgp->auxarg_size) *
1208 		    sizeof(char *));
1209 
1210 	} else {
1211 		/*
1212 		 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of
1213 		 * the arg and env vector sets
1214 		 */
1215 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc + imgp->args->envc + 2) *
1216 		    sizeof(char *));
1217 	}
1218 
1219 	/*
1220 	 * vectp also becomes our initial stack base
1221 	 */
1222 	stack_base = (register_t *)vectp;
1223 
1224 	stringp = imgp->args->begin_argv;
1225 	argc = imgp->args->argc;
1226 	envc = imgp->args->envc;
1227 
1228 	/*
1229 	 * Copy out strings - arguments and environment.
1230 	 */
1231 	copyout(stringp, destp, ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace);
1232 
1233 	/*
1234 	 * Fill in "ps_strings" struct for ps, w, etc.
1235 	 */
1236 	suword(&arginfo->ps_argvstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
1237 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nargvstr, argc);
1238 
1239 	/*
1240 	 * Fill in argument portion of vector table.
1241 	 */
1242 	for (; argc > 0; --argc) {
1243 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
1244 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
1245 			destp++;
1246 		destp++;
1247 	}
1248 
1249 	/* a null vector table pointer separates the argp's from the envp's */
1250 	suword(vectp++, 0);
1251 
1252 	suword(&arginfo->ps_envstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
1253 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nenvstr, envc);
1254 
1255 	/*
1256 	 * Fill in environment portion of vector table.
1257 	 */
1258 	for (; envc > 0; --envc) {
1259 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
1260 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
1261 			destp++;
1262 		destp++;
1263 	}
1264 
1265 	/* end of vector table is a null pointer */
1266 	suword(vectp, 0);
1267 
1268 	return (stack_base);
1269 }
1270 
1271 /*
1272  * Check permissions of file to execute.
1273  *	Called with imgp->vp locked.
1274  *	Return 0 for success or error code on failure.
1275  */
1276 int
1277 exec_check_permissions(imgp)
1278 	struct image_params *imgp;
1279 {
1280 	struct vnode *vp = imgp->vp;
1281 	struct vattr *attr = imgp->attr;
1282 	struct thread *td;
1283 	int error;
1284 
1285 	td = curthread;
1286 
1287 	/* Get file attributes */
1288 	error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, attr, td->td_ucred, td);
1289 	if (error)
1290 		return (error);
1291 
1292 #ifdef MAC
1293 	error = mac_vnode_check_exec(td->td_ucred, imgp->vp, imgp);
1294 	if (error)
1295 		return (error);
1296 #endif
1297 
1298 	/*
1299 	 * 1) Check if file execution is disabled for the filesystem that this
1300 	 *	file resides on.
1301 	 * 2) Insure that at least one execute bit is on - otherwise root
1302 	 *	will always succeed, and we don't want to happen unless the
1303 	 *	file really is executable.
1304 	 * 3) Insure that the file is a regular file.
1305 	 */
1306 	if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) ||
1307 	    ((attr->va_mode & 0111) == 0) ||
1308 	    (attr->va_type != VREG))
1309 		return (EACCES);
1310 
1311 	/*
1312 	 * Zero length files can't be exec'd
1313 	 */
1314 	if (attr->va_size == 0)
1315 		return (ENOEXEC);
1316 
1317 	/*
1318 	 *  Check for execute permission to file based on current credentials.
1319 	 */
1320 	error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, td->td_ucred, td);
1321 	if (error)
1322 		return (error);
1323 
1324 	/*
1325 	 * Check number of open-for-writes on the file and deny execution
1326 	 * if there are any.
1327 	 */
1328 	if (vp->v_writecount)
1329 		return (ETXTBSY);
1330 
1331 	/*
1332 	 * Call filesystem specific open routine (which does nothing in the
1333 	 * general case).
1334 	 */
1335 	error = VOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, td->td_ucred, td, NULL);
1336 	if (error == 0)
1337 		imgp->opened = 1;
1338 	return (error);
1339 }
1340 
1341 /*
1342  * Exec handler registration
1343  */
1344 int
1345 exec_register(execsw_arg)
1346 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
1347 {
1348 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
1349 	int count = 2;	/* New slot and trailing NULL */
1350 
1351 	if (execsw)
1352 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1353 			count++;
1354 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1355 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
1356 		return (ENOMEM);
1357 	xs = newexecsw;
1358 	if (execsw)
1359 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1360 			*xs++ = *es;
1361 	*xs++ = execsw_arg;
1362 	*xs = NULL;
1363 	if (execsw)
1364 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
1365 	execsw = newexecsw;
1366 	return (0);
1367 }
1368 
1369 int
1370 exec_unregister(execsw_arg)
1371 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
1372 {
1373 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
1374 	int count = 1;
1375 
1376 	if (execsw == NULL)
1377 		panic("unregister with no handlers left?\n");
1378 
1379 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++) {
1380 		if (*es == execsw_arg)
1381 			break;
1382 	}
1383 	if (*es == NULL)
1384 		return (ENOENT);
1385 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1386 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1387 			count++;
1388 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1389 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
1390 		return (ENOMEM);
1391 	xs = newexecsw;
1392 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1393 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1394 			*xs++ = *es;
1395 	*xs = NULL;
1396 	if (execsw)
1397 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
1398 	execsw = newexecsw;
1399 	return (0);
1400 }
1401