xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_exec.c (revision 54ebdd631db8c0bba2baab0155f603a8b5cf014a)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1993, David Greenman
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_hwpmc_hooks.h"
31 #include "opt_kdtrace.h"
32 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
33 #include "opt_mac.h"
34 #include "opt_vm.h"
35 
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/systm.h>
38 #include <sys/eventhandler.h>
39 #include <sys/lock.h>
40 #include <sys/mutex.h>
41 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
42 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
43 #include <sys/kernel.h>
44 #include <sys/mount.h>
45 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
46 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
47 #include <sys/acct.h>
48 #include <sys/exec.h>
49 #include <sys/imgact.h>
50 #include <sys/imgact_elf.h>
51 #include <sys/wait.h>
52 #include <sys/malloc.h>
53 #include <sys/priv.h>
54 #include <sys/proc.h>
55 #include <sys/pioctl.h>
56 #include <sys/namei.h>
57 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
58 #include <sys/sdt.h>
59 #include <sys/sf_buf.h>
60 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
61 #include <sys/sysent.h>
62 #include <sys/shm.h>
63 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
64 #include <sys/vnode.h>
65 #include <sys/stat.h>
66 #ifdef KTRACE
67 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
68 #endif
69 
70 #include <vm/vm.h>
71 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
72 #include <vm/pmap.h>
73 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
74 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
75 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
76 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
77 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
78 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
79 
80 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
81 #include <sys/pmckern.h>
82 #endif
83 
84 #include <machine/reg.h>
85 
86 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
87 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
88 
89 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
90 #include <sys/dtrace_bsd.h>
91 dtrace_execexit_func_t	dtrace_fasttrap_exec;
92 #endif
93 
94 SDT_PROVIDER_DECLARE(proc);
95 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE(proc, kernel, , exec);
96 SDT_PROBE_ARGTYPE(proc, kernel, , exec, 0, "char *");
97 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE(proc, kernel, , exec_failure);
98 SDT_PROBE_ARGTYPE(proc, kernel, , exec_failure, 0, "int");
99 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE(proc, kernel, , exec_success);
100 SDT_PROBE_ARGTYPE(proc, kernel, , exec_success, 0, "char *");
101 
102 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_PARGS, "proc-args", "Process arguments");
103 
104 static int sysctl_kern_ps_strings(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
105 static int sysctl_kern_usrstack(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
106 static int sysctl_kern_stackprot(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
107 static int do_execve(struct thread *td, struct image_args *args,
108     struct mac *mac_p);
109 static void exec_free_args(struct image_args *);
110 
111 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
112 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_PS_STRINGS, ps_strings, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
113     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_ps_strings, "LU", "");
114 
115 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
116 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_USRSTACK, usrstack, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
117     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_usrstack, "LU", "");
118 
119 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, OID_AUTO, stackprot, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RD,
120     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_stackprot, "I", "");
121 
122 u_long ps_arg_cache_limit = PAGE_SIZE / 16;
123 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, ps_arg_cache_limit, CTLFLAG_RW,
124     &ps_arg_cache_limit, 0, "");
125 
126 static int
127 sysctl_kern_ps_strings(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
128 {
129 	struct proc *p;
130 	int error;
131 
132 	p = curproc;
133 #ifdef SCTL_MASK32
134 	if (req->flags & SCTL_MASK32) {
135 		unsigned int val;
136 		val = (unsigned int)p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings;
137 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &val, sizeof(val));
138 	} else
139 #endif
140 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings,
141 		   sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings));
142 	return error;
143 }
144 
145 static int
146 sysctl_kern_usrstack(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
147 {
148 	struct proc *p;
149 	int error;
150 
151 	p = curproc;
152 #ifdef SCTL_MASK32
153 	if (req->flags & SCTL_MASK32) {
154 		unsigned int val;
155 		val = (unsigned int)p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack;
156 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &val, sizeof(val));
157 	} else
158 #endif
159 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack,
160 		    sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack));
161 	return error;
162 }
163 
164 static int
165 sysctl_kern_stackprot(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
166 {
167 	struct proc *p;
168 
169 	p = curproc;
170 	return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_stackprot,
171 	    sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_stackprot)));
172 }
173 
174 /*
175  * Each of the items is a pointer to a `const struct execsw', hence the
176  * double pointer here.
177  */
178 static const struct execsw **execsw;
179 
180 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
181 struct execve_args {
182 	char    *fname;
183 	char    **argv;
184 	char    **envv;
185 };
186 #endif
187 
188 int
189 execve(td, uap)
190 	struct thread *td;
191 	struct execve_args /* {
192 		char *fname;
193 		char **argv;
194 		char **envv;
195 	} */ *uap;
196 {
197 	int error;
198 	struct image_args args;
199 
200 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, uap->fname, UIO_USERSPACE,
201 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
202 	if (error == 0)
203 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, NULL);
204 	return (error);
205 }
206 
207 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
208 struct fexecve_args {
209 	int	fd;
210 	char	**argv;
211 	char	**envv;
212 }
213 #endif
214 int
215 fexecve(struct thread *td, struct fexecve_args *uap)
216 {
217 	int error;
218 	struct image_args args;
219 
220 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, NULL, UIO_SYSSPACE,
221 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
222 	if (error == 0) {
223 		args.fd = uap->fd;
224 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, NULL);
225 	}
226 	return (error);
227 }
228 
229 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
230 struct __mac_execve_args {
231 	char	*fname;
232 	char	**argv;
233 	char	**envv;
234 	struct mac	*mac_p;
235 };
236 #endif
237 
238 int
239 __mac_execve(td, uap)
240 	struct thread *td;
241 	struct __mac_execve_args /* {
242 		char *fname;
243 		char **argv;
244 		char **envv;
245 		struct mac *mac_p;
246 	} */ *uap;
247 {
248 #ifdef MAC
249 	int error;
250 	struct image_args args;
251 
252 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, uap->fname, UIO_USERSPACE,
253 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
254 	if (error == 0)
255 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, uap->mac_p);
256 	return (error);
257 #else
258 	return (ENOSYS);
259 #endif
260 }
261 
262 /*
263  * XXX: kern_execve has the astonishing property of not always returning to
264  * the caller.  If sufficiently bad things happen during the call to
265  * do_execve(), it can end up calling exit1(); as a result, callers must
266  * avoid doing anything which they might need to undo (e.g., allocating
267  * memory).
268  */
269 int
270 kern_execve(td, args, mac_p)
271 	struct thread *td;
272 	struct image_args *args;
273 	struct mac *mac_p;
274 {
275 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
276 	int error;
277 
278 	AUDIT_ARG(argv, args->begin_argv, args->argc,
279 	    args->begin_envv - args->begin_argv);
280 	AUDIT_ARG(envv, args->begin_envv, args->envc,
281 	    args->endp - args->begin_envv);
282 	if (p->p_flag & P_HADTHREADS) {
283 		PROC_LOCK(p);
284 		if (thread_single(SINGLE_BOUNDARY)) {
285 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
286 	       		exec_free_args(args);
287 			return (ERESTART);	/* Try again later. */
288 		}
289 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
290 	}
291 
292 	error = do_execve(td, args, mac_p);
293 
294 	if (p->p_flag & P_HADTHREADS) {
295 		PROC_LOCK(p);
296 		/*
297 		 * If success, we upgrade to SINGLE_EXIT state to
298 		 * force other threads to suicide.
299 		 */
300 		if (error == 0)
301 			thread_single(SINGLE_EXIT);
302 		else
303 			thread_single_end();
304 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
305 	}
306 
307 	return (error);
308 }
309 
310 /*
311  * In-kernel implementation of execve().  All arguments are assumed to be
312  * userspace pointers from the passed thread.
313  */
314 static int
315 do_execve(td, args, mac_p)
316 	struct thread *td;
317 	struct image_args *args;
318 	struct mac *mac_p;
319 {
320 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
321 	struct nameidata nd, *ndp;
322 	struct ucred *newcred = NULL, *oldcred;
323 	struct uidinfo *euip;
324 	register_t *stack_base;
325 	int error, len = 0, i;
326 	struct image_params image_params, *imgp;
327 	struct vattr attr;
328 	int (*img_first)(struct image_params *);
329 	struct pargs *oldargs = NULL, *newargs = NULL;
330 	struct sigacts *oldsigacts, *newsigacts;
331 #ifdef KTRACE
332 	struct vnode *tracevp = NULL;
333 	struct ucred *tracecred = NULL;
334 #endif
335 	struct vnode *textvp = NULL, *binvp = NULL;
336 	int credential_changing;
337 	int vfslocked;
338 	int textset;
339 #ifdef MAC
340 	struct label *interpvplabel = NULL;
341 	int will_transition;
342 #endif
343 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
344 	struct pmckern_procexec pe;
345 #endif
346 	static const char fexecv_proc_title[] = "(fexecv)";
347 
348 	vfslocked = 0;
349 	imgp = &image_params;
350 
351 	/*
352 	 * Lock the process and set the P_INEXEC flag to indicate that
353 	 * it should be left alone until we're done here.  This is
354 	 * necessary to avoid race conditions - e.g. in ptrace() -
355 	 * that might allow a local user to illicitly obtain elevated
356 	 * privileges.
357 	 */
358 	PROC_LOCK(p);
359 	KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_INEXEC) == 0,
360 	    ("%s(): process already has P_INEXEC flag", __func__));
361 	p->p_flag |= P_INEXEC;
362 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
363 
364 	/*
365 	 * Initialize part of the common data
366 	 */
367 	imgp->proc = p;
368 	imgp->execlabel = NULL;
369 	imgp->attr = &attr;
370 	imgp->entry_addr = 0;
371 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 0;
372 	imgp->interpreted = 0;
373 	imgp->opened = 0;
374 	imgp->interpreter_name = args->buf + PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX;
375 	imgp->auxargs = NULL;
376 	imgp->vp = NULL;
377 	imgp->object = NULL;
378 	imgp->firstpage = NULL;
379 	imgp->ps_strings = 0;
380 	imgp->auxarg_size = 0;
381 	imgp->args = args;
382 
383 #ifdef MAC
384 	error = mac_execve_enter(imgp, mac_p);
385 	if (error)
386 		goto exec_fail;
387 #endif
388 
389 	imgp->image_header = NULL;
390 
391 	/*
392 	 * Translate the file name. namei() returns a vnode pointer
393 	 *	in ni_vp amoung other things.
394 	 *
395 	 * XXXAUDIT: It would be desirable to also audit the name of the
396 	 * interpreter if this is an interpreted binary.
397 	 */
398 	if (args->fname != NULL) {
399 		ndp = &nd;
400 		NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, ISOPEN | LOCKLEAF | FOLLOW | SAVENAME
401 		    | MPSAFE | AUDITVNODE1, UIO_SYSSPACE, args->fname, td);
402 	}
403 
404 	SDT_PROBE(proc, kernel, , exec, args->fname, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
405 
406 interpret:
407 	if (args->fname != NULL) {
408 		error = namei(ndp);
409 		if (error)
410 			goto exec_fail;
411 
412 		vfslocked = NDHASGIANT(ndp);
413 		binvp  = ndp->ni_vp;
414 		imgp->vp = binvp;
415 	} else {
416 		AUDIT_ARG(fd, args->fd);
417 		error = fgetvp(td, args->fd, &binvp);
418 		if (error)
419 			goto exec_fail;
420 		vfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(binvp->v_mount);
421 		vn_lock(binvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
422 		AUDIT_ARG(vnode, binvp, ARG_VNODE1);
423 		imgp->vp = binvp;
424 	}
425 
426 	/*
427 	 * Check file permissions (also 'opens' file)
428 	 */
429 	error = exec_check_permissions(imgp);
430 	if (error)
431 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
432 
433 	imgp->object = imgp->vp->v_object;
434 	if (imgp->object != NULL)
435 		vm_object_reference(imgp->object);
436 
437 	/*
438 	 * Set VV_TEXT now so no one can write to the executable while we're
439 	 * activating it.
440 	 *
441 	 * Remember if this was set before and unset it in case this is not
442 	 * actually an executable image.
443 	 */
444 	textset = imgp->vp->v_vflag & VV_TEXT;
445 	imgp->vp->v_vflag |= VV_TEXT;
446 
447 	error = exec_map_first_page(imgp);
448 	if (error)
449 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
450 
451 	imgp->proc->p_osrel = 0;
452 	/*
453 	 *	If the current process has a special image activator it
454 	 *	wants to try first, call it.   For example, emulating shell
455 	 *	scripts differently.
456 	 */
457 	error = -1;
458 	if ((img_first = imgp->proc->p_sysent->sv_imgact_try) != NULL)
459 		error = img_first(imgp);
460 
461 	/*
462 	 *	Loop through the list of image activators, calling each one.
463 	 *	An activator returns -1 if there is no match, 0 on success,
464 	 *	and an error otherwise.
465 	 */
466 	for (i = 0; error == -1 && execsw[i]; ++i) {
467 		if (execsw[i]->ex_imgact == NULL ||
468 		    execsw[i]->ex_imgact == img_first) {
469 			continue;
470 		}
471 		error = (*execsw[i]->ex_imgact)(imgp);
472 	}
473 
474 	if (error) {
475 		if (error == -1) {
476 			if (textset == 0)
477 				imgp->vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_TEXT;
478 			error = ENOEXEC;
479 		}
480 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
481 	}
482 
483 	/*
484 	 * Special interpreter operation, cleanup and loop up to try to
485 	 * activate the interpreter.
486 	 */
487 	if (imgp->interpreted) {
488 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
489 		/*
490 		 * VV_TEXT needs to be unset for scripts.  There is a short
491 		 * period before we determine that something is a script where
492 		 * VV_TEXT will be set. The vnode lock is held over this
493 		 * entire period so nothing should illegitimately be blocked.
494 		 */
495 		imgp->vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_TEXT;
496 		/* free name buffer and old vnode */
497 		if (args->fname != NULL)
498 			NDFREE(ndp, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
499 #ifdef MAC
500 		mac_execve_interpreter_enter(binvp, &interpvplabel);
501 #endif
502 		if (imgp->opened) {
503 			VOP_CLOSE(binvp, FREAD, td->td_ucred, td);
504 			imgp->opened = 0;
505 		}
506 		vput(binvp);
507 		vm_object_deallocate(imgp->object);
508 		imgp->object = NULL;
509 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
510 		vfslocked = 0;
511 		/* set new name to that of the interpreter */
512 		NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, LOCKLEAF | FOLLOW | SAVENAME | MPSAFE,
513 		    UIO_SYSSPACE, imgp->interpreter_name, td);
514 		args->fname = imgp->interpreter_name;
515 		goto interpret;
516 	}
517 
518 	/*
519 	 * NB: We unlock the vnode here because it is believed that none
520 	 * of the sv_copyout_strings/sv_fixup operations require the vnode.
521 	 */
522 	VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
523 	/*
524 	 * Copy out strings (args and env) and initialize stack base
525 	 */
526 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_copyout_strings)
527 		stack_base = (*p->p_sysent->sv_copyout_strings)(imgp);
528 	else
529 		stack_base = exec_copyout_strings(imgp);
530 
531 	/*
532 	 * If custom stack fixup routine present for this process
533 	 * let it do the stack setup.
534 	 * Else stuff argument count as first item on stack
535 	 */
536 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_fixup != NULL)
537 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_fixup)(&stack_base, imgp);
538 	else
539 		suword(--stack_base, imgp->args->argc);
540 
541 	/*
542 	 * For security and other reasons, the file descriptor table cannot
543 	 * be shared after an exec.
544 	 */
545 	fdunshare(p, td);
546 
547 	/*
548 	 * Malloc things before we need locks.
549 	 */
550 	newcred = crget();
551 	euip = uifind(attr.va_uid);
552 	i = imgp->args->begin_envv - imgp->args->begin_argv;
553 	/* Cache arguments if they fit inside our allowance */
554 	if (ps_arg_cache_limit >= i + sizeof(struct pargs)) {
555 		newargs = pargs_alloc(i);
556 		bcopy(imgp->args->begin_argv, newargs->ar_args, i);
557 	}
558 
559 	/* close files on exec */
560 	fdcloseexec(td);
561 	vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
562 
563 	/* Get a reference to the vnode prior to locking the proc */
564 	VREF(binvp);
565 
566 	/*
567 	 * For security and other reasons, signal handlers cannot
568 	 * be shared after an exec. The new process gets a copy of the old
569 	 * handlers. In execsigs(), the new process will have its signals
570 	 * reset.
571 	 */
572 	PROC_LOCK(p);
573 	if (sigacts_shared(p->p_sigacts)) {
574 		oldsigacts = p->p_sigacts;
575 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
576 		newsigacts = sigacts_alloc();
577 		sigacts_copy(newsigacts, oldsigacts);
578 		PROC_LOCK(p);
579 		p->p_sigacts = newsigacts;
580 	} else
581 		oldsigacts = NULL;
582 
583 	/* Stop profiling */
584 	stopprofclock(p);
585 
586 	/* reset caught signals */
587 	execsigs(p);
588 
589 	/* name this process - nameiexec(p, ndp) */
590 	if (args->fname) {
591 		len = min(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen,MAXCOMLEN);
592 		bcopy(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, p->p_comm, len);
593 	} else {
594 		len = MAXCOMLEN;
595 		if (vn_commname(binvp, p->p_comm, MAXCOMLEN + 1) == 0)
596 			len = MAXCOMLEN;
597 		else {
598 			len = sizeof(fexecv_proc_title);
599 			bcopy(fexecv_proc_title, p->p_comm, len);
600 		}
601 	}
602 	p->p_comm[len] = 0;
603 	bcopy(p->p_comm, td->td_name, sizeof(td->td_name));
604 
605 	/*
606 	 * mark as execed, wakeup the process that vforked (if any) and tell
607 	 * it that it now has its own resources back
608 	 */
609 	p->p_flag |= P_EXEC;
610 	if (p->p_pptr && (p->p_flag & P_PPWAIT)) {
611 		p->p_flag &= ~P_PPWAIT;
612 		cv_broadcast(&p->p_pwait);
613 	}
614 
615 	/*
616 	 * Implement image setuid/setgid.
617 	 *
618 	 * Don't honor setuid/setgid if the filesystem prohibits it or if
619 	 * the process is being traced.
620 	 *
621 	 * XXXMAC: For the time being, use NOSUID to also prohibit
622 	 * transitions on the file system.
623 	 */
624 	oldcred = p->p_ucred;
625 	credential_changing = 0;
626 	credential_changing |= (attr.va_mode & S_ISUID) && oldcred->cr_uid !=
627 	    attr.va_uid;
628 	credential_changing |= (attr.va_mode & S_ISGID) && oldcred->cr_gid !=
629 	    attr.va_gid;
630 #ifdef MAC
631 	will_transition = mac_vnode_execve_will_transition(oldcred, imgp->vp,
632 	    interpvplabel, imgp);
633 	credential_changing |= will_transition;
634 #endif
635 
636 	if (credential_changing &&
637 	    (imgp->vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID) == 0 &&
638 	    (p->p_flag & P_TRACED) == 0) {
639 		/*
640 		 * Turn off syscall tracing for set-id programs, except for
641 		 * root.  Record any set-id flags first to make sure that
642 		 * we do not regain any tracing during a possible block.
643 		 */
644 		setsugid(p);
645 
646 #ifdef KTRACE
647 		if (p->p_tracevp != NULL &&
648 		    priv_check_cred(oldcred, PRIV_DEBUG_DIFFCRED, 0)) {
649 			mtx_lock(&ktrace_mtx);
650 			p->p_traceflag = 0;
651 			tracevp = p->p_tracevp;
652 			p->p_tracevp = NULL;
653 			tracecred = p->p_tracecred;
654 			p->p_tracecred = NULL;
655 			mtx_unlock(&ktrace_mtx);
656 		}
657 #endif
658 		/*
659 		 * Close any file descriptors 0..2 that reference procfs,
660 		 * then make sure file descriptors 0..2 are in use.
661 		 *
662 		 * setugidsafety() may call closef() and then pfind()
663 		 * which may grab the process lock.
664 		 * fdcheckstd() may call falloc() which may block to
665 		 * allocate memory, so temporarily drop the process lock.
666 		 */
667 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
668 		setugidsafety(td);
669 		VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
670 		error = fdcheckstd(td);
671 		vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
672 		if (error != 0)
673 			goto done1;
674 		PROC_LOCK(p);
675 		/*
676 		 * Set the new credentials.
677 		 */
678 		crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
679 		if (attr.va_mode & S_ISUID)
680 			change_euid(newcred, euip);
681 		if (attr.va_mode & S_ISGID)
682 			change_egid(newcred, attr.va_gid);
683 #ifdef MAC
684 		if (will_transition) {
685 			mac_vnode_execve_transition(oldcred, newcred, imgp->vp,
686 			    interpvplabel, imgp);
687 		}
688 #endif
689 		/*
690 		 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
691 		 *
692 		 * XXXMAC: Note that the current logic will save the
693 		 * uid and gid if a MAC domain transition occurs, even
694 		 * though maybe it shouldn't.
695 		 */
696 		change_svuid(newcred, newcred->cr_uid);
697 		change_svgid(newcred, newcred->cr_gid);
698 		p->p_ucred = newcred;
699 		newcred = NULL;
700 	} else {
701 		if (oldcred->cr_uid == oldcred->cr_ruid &&
702 		    oldcred->cr_gid == oldcred->cr_rgid)
703 			p->p_flag &= ~P_SUGID;
704 		/*
705 		 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
706 		 *
707 		 * XXX: It's not clear that the existing behavior is
708 		 * POSIX-compliant.  A number of sources indicate that the
709 		 * saved uid/gid should only be updated if the new ruid is
710 		 * not equal to the old ruid, or the new euid is not equal
711 		 * to the old euid and the new euid is not equal to the old
712 		 * ruid.  The FreeBSD code always updates the saved uid/gid.
713 		 * Also, this code uses the new (replaced) euid and egid as
714 		 * the source, which may or may not be the right ones to use.
715 		 */
716 		if (oldcred->cr_svuid != oldcred->cr_uid ||
717 		    oldcred->cr_svgid != oldcred->cr_gid) {
718 			crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
719 			change_svuid(newcred, newcred->cr_uid);
720 			change_svgid(newcred, newcred->cr_gid);
721 			p->p_ucred = newcred;
722 			newcred = NULL;
723 		}
724 	}
725 
726 	/*
727 	 * Store the vp for use in procfs.  This vnode was referenced prior
728 	 * to locking the proc lock.
729 	 */
730 	textvp = p->p_textvp;
731 	p->p_textvp = binvp;
732 
733 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
734 	/*
735 	 * Tell the DTrace fasttrap provider about the exec if it
736 	 * has declared an interest.
737 	 */
738 	if (dtrace_fasttrap_exec)
739 		dtrace_fasttrap_exec(p);
740 #endif
741 
742 	/*
743 	 * Notify others that we exec'd, and clear the P_INEXEC flag
744 	 * as we're now a bona fide freshly-execed process.
745 	 */
746 	KNOTE_LOCKED(&p->p_klist, NOTE_EXEC);
747 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
748 
749 	/*
750 	 * If tracing the process, trap to debugger so breakpoints
751 	 * can be set before the program executes.
752 	 * Use tdsignal to deliver signal to current thread, use
753 	 * psignal may cause the signal to be delivered to wrong thread
754 	 * because that thread will exit, remember we are going to enter
755 	 * single thread mode.
756 	 */
757 	if (p->p_flag & P_TRACED)
758 		tdsignal(p, td, SIGTRAP, NULL);
759 
760 	/* clear "fork but no exec" flag, as we _are_ execing */
761 	p->p_acflag &= ~AFORK;
762 
763 	/*
764 	 * Free any previous argument cache and replace it with
765 	 * the new argument cache, if any.
766 	 */
767 	oldargs = p->p_args;
768 	p->p_args = newargs;
769 	newargs = NULL;
770 
771 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
772 	/*
773 	 * Check if system-wide sampling is in effect or if the
774 	 * current process is using PMCs.  If so, do exec() time
775 	 * processing.  This processing needs to happen AFTER the
776 	 * P_INEXEC flag is cleared.
777 	 *
778 	 * The proc lock needs to be released before taking the PMC
779 	 * SX.
780 	 */
781 	if (PMC_SYSTEM_SAMPLING_ACTIVE() || PMC_PROC_IS_USING_PMCS(p)) {
782 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
783 		pe.pm_credentialschanged = credential_changing;
784 		pe.pm_entryaddr = imgp->entry_addr;
785 
786 		PMC_CALL_HOOK_X(td, PMC_FN_PROCESS_EXEC, (void *) &pe);
787 	} else
788 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
789 #else  /* !HWPMC_HOOKS */
790 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
791 #endif
792 
793 	/* Set values passed into the program in registers. */
794 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_setregs)
795 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_setregs)(td, imgp->entry_addr,
796 		    (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base, imgp->ps_strings);
797 	else
798 		exec_setregs(td, imgp->entry_addr,
799 		    (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base, imgp->ps_strings);
800 
801 	vfs_mark_atime(imgp->vp, td->td_ucred);
802 
803 	SDT_PROBE(proc, kernel, , exec_success, args->fname, 0, 0, 0, 0);
804 
805 done1:
806 	/*
807 	 * Free any resources malloc'd earlier that we didn't use.
808 	 */
809 	uifree(euip);
810 	if (newcred == NULL)
811 		crfree(oldcred);
812 	else
813 		crfree(newcred);
814 	VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
815 
816 	/*
817 	 * Handle deferred decrement of ref counts.
818 	 */
819 	if (textvp != NULL) {
820 		int tvfslocked;
821 
822 		tvfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(textvp->v_mount);
823 		vrele(textvp);
824 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(tvfslocked);
825 	}
826 	if (binvp && error != 0)
827 		vrele(binvp);
828 #ifdef KTRACE
829 	if (tracevp != NULL) {
830 		int tvfslocked;
831 
832 		tvfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(tracevp->v_mount);
833 		vrele(tracevp);
834 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(tvfslocked);
835 	}
836 	if (tracecred != NULL)
837 		crfree(tracecred);
838 #endif
839 	vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
840 	pargs_drop(oldargs);
841 	pargs_drop(newargs);
842 	if (oldsigacts != NULL)
843 		sigacts_free(oldsigacts);
844 
845 exec_fail_dealloc:
846 
847 	/*
848 	 * free various allocated resources
849 	 */
850 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL)
851 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
852 
853 	if (imgp->vp != NULL) {
854 		if (args->fname)
855 			NDFREE(ndp, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
856 		if (imgp->opened)
857 			VOP_CLOSE(imgp->vp, FREAD, td->td_ucred, td);
858 		vput(imgp->vp);
859 	}
860 
861 	if (imgp->object != NULL)
862 		vm_object_deallocate(imgp->object);
863 
864 	if (error == 0) {
865 		/*
866 		 * Stop the process here if its stop event mask has
867 		 * the S_EXEC bit set.
868 		 */
869 		STOPEVENT(p, S_EXEC, 0);
870 		goto done2;
871 	}
872 
873 exec_fail:
874 	/* we're done here, clear P_INEXEC */
875 	PROC_LOCK(p);
876 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
877 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
878 
879 	SDT_PROBE(proc, kernel, , exec_failure, error, 0, 0, 0, 0);
880 
881 done2:
882 #ifdef MAC
883 	mac_execve_exit(imgp);
884 	mac_execve_interpreter_exit(interpvplabel);
885 #endif
886 	VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
887 	exec_free_args(args);
888 
889 	if (error && imgp->vmspace_destroyed) {
890 		/* sorry, no more process anymore. exit gracefully */
891 		exit1(td, W_EXITCODE(0, SIGABRT));
892 		/* NOT REACHED */
893 	}
894 	return (error);
895 }
896 
897 int
898 exec_map_first_page(imgp)
899 	struct image_params *imgp;
900 {
901 	int rv, i;
902 	int initial_pagein;
903 	vm_page_t ma[VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN];
904 	vm_object_t object;
905 
906 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL)
907 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
908 
909 	object = imgp->vp->v_object;
910 	if (object == NULL)
911 		return (EACCES);
912 	VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
913 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
914 	if ((object->flags & OBJ_COLORED) == 0) {
915 		object->flags |= OBJ_COLORED;
916 		object->pg_color = 0;
917 	}
918 #endif
919 	ma[0] = vm_page_grab(object, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_RETRY);
920 	if ((ma[0]->valid & VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
921 		initial_pagein = VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN;
922 		if (initial_pagein > object->size)
923 			initial_pagein = object->size;
924 		for (i = 1; i < initial_pagein; i++) {
925 			if ((ma[i] = vm_page_lookup(object, i)) != NULL) {
926 				if (ma[i]->valid)
927 					break;
928 				if ((ma[i]->oflags & VPO_BUSY) || ma[i]->busy)
929 					break;
930 				vm_page_busy(ma[i]);
931 			} else {
932 				ma[i] = vm_page_alloc(object, i,
933 				    VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_IFNOTCACHED);
934 				if (ma[i] == NULL)
935 					break;
936 			}
937 		}
938 		initial_pagein = i;
939 		rv = vm_pager_get_pages(object, ma, initial_pagein, 0);
940 		ma[0] = vm_page_lookup(object, 0);
941 		if ((rv != VM_PAGER_OK) || (ma[0] == NULL) ||
942 		    (ma[0]->valid == 0)) {
943 			if (ma[0]) {
944 				vm_page_lock_queues();
945 				vm_page_free(ma[0]);
946 				vm_page_unlock_queues();
947 			}
948 			VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
949 			return (EIO);
950 		}
951 	}
952 	vm_page_lock_queues();
953 	vm_page_hold(ma[0]);
954 	vm_page_unlock_queues();
955 	vm_page_wakeup(ma[0]);
956 	VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
957 
958 	imgp->firstpage = sf_buf_alloc(ma[0], 0);
959 	imgp->image_header = (char *)sf_buf_kva(imgp->firstpage);
960 
961 	return (0);
962 }
963 
964 void
965 exec_unmap_first_page(imgp)
966 	struct image_params *imgp;
967 {
968 	vm_page_t m;
969 
970 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL) {
971 		m = sf_buf_page(imgp->firstpage);
972 		sf_buf_free(imgp->firstpage);
973 		imgp->firstpage = NULL;
974 		vm_page_lock_queues();
975 		vm_page_unhold(m);
976 		vm_page_unlock_queues();
977 	}
978 }
979 
980 /*
981  * Destroy old address space, and allocate a new stack
982  *	The new stack is only SGROWSIZ large because it is grown
983  *	automatically in trap.c.
984  */
985 int
986 exec_new_vmspace(imgp, sv)
987 	struct image_params *imgp;
988 	struct sysentvec *sv;
989 {
990 	int error;
991 	struct proc *p = imgp->proc;
992 	struct vmspace *vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
993 	vm_offset_t stack_addr;
994 	vm_map_t map;
995 	u_long ssiz;
996 
997 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 1;
998 	imgp->sysent = sv;
999 
1000 	/* May be called with Giant held */
1001 	EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(process_exec, p, imgp);
1002 
1003 	/*
1004 	 * Blow away entire process VM, if address space not shared,
1005 	 * otherwise, create a new VM space so that other threads are
1006 	 * not disrupted
1007 	 */
1008 	map = &vmspace->vm_map;
1009 	if (vmspace->vm_refcnt == 1 && vm_map_min(map) == sv->sv_minuser &&
1010 	    vm_map_max(map) == sv->sv_maxuser) {
1011 		shmexit(vmspace);
1012 		pmap_remove_pages(vmspace_pmap(vmspace));
1013 		vm_map_remove(map, vm_map_min(map), vm_map_max(map));
1014 	} else {
1015 		error = vmspace_exec(p, sv->sv_minuser, sv->sv_maxuser);
1016 		if (error)
1017 			return (error);
1018 		vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
1019 		map = &vmspace->vm_map;
1020 	}
1021 
1022 	/* Allocate a new stack */
1023 	if (sv->sv_maxssiz != NULL)
1024 		ssiz = *sv->sv_maxssiz;
1025 	else
1026 		ssiz = maxssiz;
1027 	stack_addr = sv->sv_usrstack - ssiz;
1028 	error = vm_map_stack(map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)ssiz,
1029 	    sv->sv_stackprot, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_STACK_GROWS_DOWN);
1030 	if (error)
1031 		return (error);
1032 
1033 #ifdef __ia64__
1034 	/* Allocate a new register stack */
1035 	stack_addr = IA64_BACKINGSTORE;
1036 	error = vm_map_stack(map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)ssiz,
1037 	    sv->sv_stackprot, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_STACK_GROWS_UP);
1038 	if (error)
1039 		return (error);
1040 #endif
1041 
1042 	/* vm_ssize and vm_maxsaddr are somewhat antiquated concepts in the
1043 	 * VM_STACK case, but they are still used to monitor the size of the
1044 	 * process stack so we can check the stack rlimit.
1045 	 */
1046 	vmspace->vm_ssize = sgrowsiz >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1047 	vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (char *)sv->sv_usrstack - ssiz;
1048 
1049 	return (0);
1050 }
1051 
1052 /*
1053  * Copy out argument and environment strings from the old process address
1054  * space into the temporary string buffer.
1055  */
1056 int
1057 exec_copyin_args(struct image_args *args, char *fname,
1058     enum uio_seg segflg, char **argv, char **envv)
1059 {
1060 	char *argp, *envp;
1061 	int error;
1062 	size_t length;
1063 
1064 	error = 0;
1065 
1066 	bzero(args, sizeof(*args));
1067 	if (argv == NULL)
1068 		return (EFAULT);
1069 	/*
1070 	 * Allocate temporary demand zeroed space for argument and
1071 	 *	environment strings:
1072 	 *
1073 	 * o ARG_MAX for argument and environment;
1074 	 * o MAXSHELLCMDLEN for the name of interpreters.
1075 	 */
1076 	args->buf = (char *) kmem_alloc_wait(exec_map,
1077 	    PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX + MAXSHELLCMDLEN);
1078 	if (args->buf == NULL)
1079 		return (ENOMEM);
1080 	args->begin_argv = args->buf;
1081 	args->endp = args->begin_argv;
1082 	args->stringspace = ARG_MAX;
1083 	/*
1084 	 * Copy the file name.
1085 	 */
1086 	if (fname != NULL) {
1087 		args->fname = args->buf + ARG_MAX;
1088 		error = (segflg == UIO_SYSSPACE) ?
1089 		    copystr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length) :
1090 		    copyinstr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length);
1091 		if (error != 0)
1092 			goto err_exit;
1093 	} else
1094 		args->fname = NULL;
1095 
1096 	/*
1097 	 * extract arguments first
1098 	 */
1099 	while ((argp = (caddr_t) (intptr_t) fuword(argv++))) {
1100 		if (argp == (caddr_t) -1) {
1101 			error = EFAULT;
1102 			goto err_exit;
1103 		}
1104 		if ((error = copyinstr(argp, args->endp,
1105 		    args->stringspace, &length))) {
1106 			if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
1107 				error = E2BIG;
1108 			goto err_exit;
1109 		}
1110 		args->stringspace -= length;
1111 		args->endp += length;
1112 		args->argc++;
1113 	}
1114 
1115 	args->begin_envv = args->endp;
1116 
1117 	/*
1118 	 * extract environment strings
1119 	 */
1120 	if (envv) {
1121 		while ((envp = (caddr_t)(intptr_t)fuword(envv++))) {
1122 			if (envp == (caddr_t)-1) {
1123 				error = EFAULT;
1124 				goto err_exit;
1125 			}
1126 			if ((error = copyinstr(envp, args->endp,
1127 			    args->stringspace, &length))) {
1128 				if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
1129 					error = E2BIG;
1130 				goto err_exit;
1131 			}
1132 			args->stringspace -= length;
1133 			args->endp += length;
1134 			args->envc++;
1135 		}
1136 	}
1137 
1138 	return (0);
1139 
1140 err_exit:
1141 	exec_free_args(args);
1142 	return (error);
1143 }
1144 
1145 static void
1146 exec_free_args(struct image_args *args)
1147 {
1148 
1149 	if (args->buf) {
1150 		kmem_free_wakeup(exec_map, (vm_offset_t)args->buf,
1151 		    PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX + MAXSHELLCMDLEN);
1152 		args->buf = NULL;
1153 	}
1154 }
1155 
1156 /*
1157  * Copy strings out to the new process address space, constructing new arg
1158  * and env vector tables. Return a pointer to the base so that it can be used
1159  * as the initial stack pointer.
1160  */
1161 register_t *
1162 exec_copyout_strings(imgp)
1163 	struct image_params *imgp;
1164 {
1165 	int argc, envc;
1166 	char **vectp;
1167 	char *stringp, *destp;
1168 	register_t *stack_base;
1169 	struct ps_strings *arginfo;
1170 	struct proc *p;
1171 	int szsigcode;
1172 
1173 	/*
1174 	 * Calculate string base and vector table pointers.
1175 	 * Also deal with signal trampoline code for this exec type.
1176 	 */
1177 	p = imgp->proc;
1178 	szsigcode = 0;
1179 	arginfo = (struct ps_strings *)p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings;
1180 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode != NULL)
1181 		szsigcode = *(p->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode);
1182 	destp =	(caddr_t)arginfo - szsigcode - SPARE_USRSPACE -
1183 	    roundup((ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace), sizeof(char *));
1184 
1185 	/*
1186 	 * install sigcode
1187 	 */
1188 	if (szsigcode)
1189 		copyout(p->p_sysent->sv_sigcode, ((caddr_t)arginfo -
1190 		    szsigcode), szsigcode);
1191 
1192 	/*
1193 	 * If we have a valid auxargs ptr, prepare some room
1194 	 * on the stack.
1195 	 */
1196 	if (imgp->auxargs) {
1197 		/*
1198 		 * 'AT_COUNT*2' is size for the ELF Auxargs data. This is for
1199 		 * lower compatibility.
1200 		 */
1201 		imgp->auxarg_size = (imgp->auxarg_size) ? imgp->auxarg_size :
1202 		    (AT_COUNT * 2);
1203 		/*
1204 		 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of
1205 		 * the arg and env vector sets,and imgp->auxarg_size is room
1206 		 * for argument of Runtime loader.
1207 		 */
1208 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc +
1209 		    imgp->args->envc + 2 + imgp->auxarg_size) *
1210 		    sizeof(char *));
1211 
1212 	} else {
1213 		/*
1214 		 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of
1215 		 * the arg and env vector sets
1216 		 */
1217 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc + imgp->args->envc + 2) *
1218 		    sizeof(char *));
1219 	}
1220 
1221 	/*
1222 	 * vectp also becomes our initial stack base
1223 	 */
1224 	stack_base = (register_t *)vectp;
1225 
1226 	stringp = imgp->args->begin_argv;
1227 	argc = imgp->args->argc;
1228 	envc = imgp->args->envc;
1229 
1230 	/*
1231 	 * Copy out strings - arguments and environment.
1232 	 */
1233 	copyout(stringp, destp, ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace);
1234 
1235 	/*
1236 	 * Fill in "ps_strings" struct for ps, w, etc.
1237 	 */
1238 	suword(&arginfo->ps_argvstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
1239 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nargvstr, argc);
1240 
1241 	/*
1242 	 * Fill in argument portion of vector table.
1243 	 */
1244 	for (; argc > 0; --argc) {
1245 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
1246 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
1247 			destp++;
1248 		destp++;
1249 	}
1250 
1251 	/* a null vector table pointer separates the argp's from the envp's */
1252 	suword(vectp++, 0);
1253 
1254 	suword(&arginfo->ps_envstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
1255 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nenvstr, envc);
1256 
1257 	/*
1258 	 * Fill in environment portion of vector table.
1259 	 */
1260 	for (; envc > 0; --envc) {
1261 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
1262 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
1263 			destp++;
1264 		destp++;
1265 	}
1266 
1267 	/* end of vector table is a null pointer */
1268 	suword(vectp, 0);
1269 
1270 	return (stack_base);
1271 }
1272 
1273 /*
1274  * Check permissions of file to execute.
1275  *	Called with imgp->vp locked.
1276  *	Return 0 for success or error code on failure.
1277  */
1278 int
1279 exec_check_permissions(imgp)
1280 	struct image_params *imgp;
1281 {
1282 	struct vnode *vp = imgp->vp;
1283 	struct vattr *attr = imgp->attr;
1284 	struct thread *td;
1285 	int error;
1286 
1287 	td = curthread;
1288 
1289 	/* Get file attributes */
1290 	error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, attr, td->td_ucred);
1291 	if (error)
1292 		return (error);
1293 
1294 #ifdef MAC
1295 	error = mac_vnode_check_exec(td->td_ucred, imgp->vp, imgp);
1296 	if (error)
1297 		return (error);
1298 #endif
1299 
1300 	/*
1301 	 * 1) Check if file execution is disabled for the filesystem that this
1302 	 *	file resides on.
1303 	 * 2) Insure that at least one execute bit is on - otherwise root
1304 	 *	will always succeed, and we don't want to happen unless the
1305 	 *	file really is executable.
1306 	 * 3) Insure that the file is a regular file.
1307 	 */
1308 	if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) ||
1309 	    ((attr->va_mode & 0111) == 0) ||
1310 	    (attr->va_type != VREG))
1311 		return (EACCES);
1312 
1313 	/*
1314 	 * Zero length files can't be exec'd
1315 	 */
1316 	if (attr->va_size == 0)
1317 		return (ENOEXEC);
1318 
1319 	/*
1320 	 *  Check for execute permission to file based on current credentials.
1321 	 */
1322 	error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, td->td_ucred, td);
1323 	if (error)
1324 		return (error);
1325 
1326 	/*
1327 	 * Check number of open-for-writes on the file and deny execution
1328 	 * if there are any.
1329 	 */
1330 	if (vp->v_writecount)
1331 		return (ETXTBSY);
1332 
1333 	/*
1334 	 * Call filesystem specific open routine (which does nothing in the
1335 	 * general case).
1336 	 */
1337 	error = VOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, td->td_ucred, td, NULL);
1338 	if (error == 0)
1339 		imgp->opened = 1;
1340 	return (error);
1341 }
1342 
1343 /*
1344  * Exec handler registration
1345  */
1346 int
1347 exec_register(execsw_arg)
1348 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
1349 {
1350 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
1351 	int count = 2;	/* New slot and trailing NULL */
1352 
1353 	if (execsw)
1354 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1355 			count++;
1356 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1357 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
1358 		return (ENOMEM);
1359 	xs = newexecsw;
1360 	if (execsw)
1361 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1362 			*xs++ = *es;
1363 	*xs++ = execsw_arg;
1364 	*xs = NULL;
1365 	if (execsw)
1366 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
1367 	execsw = newexecsw;
1368 	return (0);
1369 }
1370 
1371 int
1372 exec_unregister(execsw_arg)
1373 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
1374 {
1375 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
1376 	int count = 1;
1377 
1378 	if (execsw == NULL)
1379 		panic("unregister with no handlers left?\n");
1380 
1381 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++) {
1382 		if (*es == execsw_arg)
1383 			break;
1384 	}
1385 	if (*es == NULL)
1386 		return (ENOENT);
1387 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1388 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1389 			count++;
1390 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1391 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
1392 		return (ENOMEM);
1393 	xs = newexecsw;
1394 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1395 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1396 			*xs++ = *es;
1397 	*xs = NULL;
1398 	if (execsw)
1399 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
1400 	execsw = newexecsw;
1401 	return (0);
1402 }
1403