xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_exec.c (revision 2be1a816b9ff69588e55be0a84cbe2a31efc0f2f)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1993, David Greenman
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include "opt_hwpmc_hooks.h"
31 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
32 #include "opt_mac.h"
33 #include "opt_vm.h"
34 
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <sys/systm.h>
37 #include <sys/eventhandler.h>
38 #include <sys/lock.h>
39 #include <sys/mutex.h>
40 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
41 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
42 #include <sys/kernel.h>
43 #include <sys/mount.h>
44 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
45 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
46 #include <sys/acct.h>
47 #include <sys/exec.h>
48 #include <sys/imgact.h>
49 #include <sys/imgact_elf.h>
50 #include <sys/wait.h>
51 #include <sys/malloc.h>
52 #include <sys/priv.h>
53 #include <sys/proc.h>
54 #include <sys/pioctl.h>
55 #include <sys/namei.h>
56 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
57 #include <sys/sf_buf.h>
58 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
59 #include <sys/sysent.h>
60 #include <sys/shm.h>
61 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
62 #include <sys/vnode.h>
63 #ifdef KTRACE
64 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
65 #endif
66 
67 #include <vm/vm.h>
68 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
69 #include <vm/pmap.h>
70 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
71 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
72 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
73 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
74 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
75 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
76 
77 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
78 #include <sys/pmckern.h>
79 #endif
80 
81 #include <machine/reg.h>
82 
83 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
84 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
85 
86 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_PARGS, "proc-args", "Process arguments");
87 
88 static int sysctl_kern_ps_strings(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
89 static int sysctl_kern_usrstack(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
90 static int sysctl_kern_stackprot(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
91 static int do_execve(struct thread *td, struct image_args *args,
92     struct mac *mac_p);
93 static void exec_free_args(struct image_args *);
94 
95 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
96 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_PS_STRINGS, ps_strings, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
97     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_ps_strings, "LU", "");
98 
99 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
100 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, KERN_USRSTACK, usrstack, CTLTYPE_ULONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
101     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_usrstack, "LU", "");
102 
103 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, OID_AUTO, stackprot, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RD,
104     NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_stackprot, "I", "");
105 
106 u_long ps_arg_cache_limit = PAGE_SIZE / 16;
107 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, ps_arg_cache_limit, CTLFLAG_RW,
108     &ps_arg_cache_limit, 0, "");
109 
110 static int
111 sysctl_kern_ps_strings(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
112 {
113 	struct proc *p;
114 	int error;
115 
116 	p = curproc;
117 #ifdef SCTL_MASK32
118 	if (req->flags & SCTL_MASK32) {
119 		unsigned int val;
120 		val = (unsigned int)p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings;
121 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &val, sizeof(val));
122 	} else
123 #endif
124 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings,
125 		   sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings));
126 	return error;
127 }
128 
129 static int
130 sysctl_kern_usrstack(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
131 {
132 	struct proc *p;
133 	int error;
134 
135 	p = curproc;
136 #ifdef SCTL_MASK32
137 	if (req->flags & SCTL_MASK32) {
138 		unsigned int val;
139 		val = (unsigned int)p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack;
140 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &val, sizeof(val));
141 	} else
142 #endif
143 		error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack,
144 		    sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack));
145 	return error;
146 }
147 
148 static int
149 sysctl_kern_stackprot(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
150 {
151 	struct proc *p;
152 
153 	p = curproc;
154 	return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, &p->p_sysent->sv_stackprot,
155 	    sizeof(p->p_sysent->sv_stackprot)));
156 }
157 
158 /*
159  * Each of the items is a pointer to a `const struct execsw', hence the
160  * double pointer here.
161  */
162 static const struct execsw **execsw;
163 
164 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
165 struct execve_args {
166 	char    *fname;
167 	char    **argv;
168 	char    **envv;
169 };
170 #endif
171 
172 int
173 execve(td, uap)
174 	struct thread *td;
175 	struct execve_args /* {
176 		char *fname;
177 		char **argv;
178 		char **envv;
179 	} */ *uap;
180 {
181 	int error;
182 	struct image_args args;
183 
184 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, uap->fname, UIO_USERSPACE,
185 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
186 	if (error == 0)
187 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, NULL);
188 	return (error);
189 }
190 
191 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
192 struct fexecve_args {
193 	int	fd;
194 	char	**argv;
195 	char	**envv;
196 }
197 #endif
198 int
199 fexecve(struct thread *td, struct fexecve_args *uap)
200 {
201 	int error;
202 	struct image_args args;
203 
204 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, NULL, UIO_SYSSPACE,
205 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
206 	if (error == 0) {
207 		args.fd = uap->fd;
208 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, NULL);
209 	}
210 	return (error);
211 }
212 
213 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
214 struct __mac_execve_args {
215 	char	*fname;
216 	char	**argv;
217 	char	**envv;
218 	struct mac	*mac_p;
219 };
220 #endif
221 
222 int
223 __mac_execve(td, uap)
224 	struct thread *td;
225 	struct __mac_execve_args /* {
226 		char *fname;
227 		char **argv;
228 		char **envv;
229 		struct mac *mac_p;
230 	} */ *uap;
231 {
232 #ifdef MAC
233 	int error;
234 	struct image_args args;
235 
236 	error = exec_copyin_args(&args, uap->fname, UIO_USERSPACE,
237 	    uap->argv, uap->envv);
238 	if (error == 0)
239 		error = kern_execve(td, &args, uap->mac_p);
240 	return (error);
241 #else
242 	return (ENOSYS);
243 #endif
244 }
245 
246 /*
247  * XXX: kern_execve has the astonishing property of not always returning to
248  * the caller.  If sufficiently bad things happen during the call to
249  * do_execve(), it can end up calling exit1(); as a result, callers must
250  * avoid doing anything which they might need to undo (e.g., allocating
251  * memory).
252  */
253 int
254 kern_execve(td, args, mac_p)
255 	struct thread *td;
256 	struct image_args *args;
257 	struct mac *mac_p;
258 {
259 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
260 	int error;
261 
262 	AUDIT_ARG(argv, args->begin_argv, args->argc,
263 	    args->begin_envv - args->begin_argv);
264 	AUDIT_ARG(envv, args->begin_envv, args->envc,
265 	    args->endp - args->begin_envv);
266 	if (p->p_flag & P_HADTHREADS) {
267 		PROC_LOCK(p);
268 		if (thread_single(SINGLE_BOUNDARY)) {
269 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
270 	       		exec_free_args(args);
271 			return (ERESTART);	/* Try again later. */
272 		}
273 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
274 	}
275 
276 	error = do_execve(td, args, mac_p);
277 
278 	if (p->p_flag & P_HADTHREADS) {
279 		PROC_LOCK(p);
280 		/*
281 		 * If success, we upgrade to SINGLE_EXIT state to
282 		 * force other threads to suicide.
283 		 */
284 		if (error == 0)
285 			thread_single(SINGLE_EXIT);
286 		else
287 			thread_single_end();
288 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
289 	}
290 
291 	return (error);
292 }
293 
294 /*
295  * In-kernel implementation of execve().  All arguments are assumed to be
296  * userspace pointers from the passed thread.
297  */
298 static int
299 do_execve(td, args, mac_p)
300 	struct thread *td;
301 	struct image_args *args;
302 	struct mac *mac_p;
303 {
304 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
305 	struct nameidata nd, *ndp;
306 	struct ucred *newcred = NULL, *oldcred;
307 	struct uidinfo *euip;
308 	register_t *stack_base;
309 	int error, len = 0, i;
310 	struct image_params image_params, *imgp;
311 	struct vattr attr;
312 	int (*img_first)(struct image_params *);
313 	struct pargs *oldargs = NULL, *newargs = NULL;
314 	struct sigacts *oldsigacts, *newsigacts;
315 #ifdef KTRACE
316 	struct vnode *tracevp = NULL;
317 	struct ucred *tracecred = NULL;
318 #endif
319 	struct vnode *textvp = NULL, *binvp = NULL;
320 	int credential_changing;
321 	int vfslocked;
322 	int textset;
323 #ifdef MAC
324 	struct label *interplabel = NULL;
325 	int will_transition;
326 #endif
327 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
328 	struct pmckern_procexec pe;
329 #endif
330 	static const char fexecv_proc_title[] = "(fexecv)";
331 
332 	vfslocked = 0;
333 	imgp = &image_params;
334 
335 	/*
336 	 * Lock the process and set the P_INEXEC flag to indicate that
337 	 * it should be left alone until we're done here.  This is
338 	 * necessary to avoid race conditions - e.g. in ptrace() -
339 	 * that might allow a local user to illicitly obtain elevated
340 	 * privileges.
341 	 */
342 	PROC_LOCK(p);
343 	KASSERT((p->p_flag & P_INEXEC) == 0,
344 	    ("%s(): process already has P_INEXEC flag", __func__));
345 	p->p_flag |= P_INEXEC;
346 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
347 
348 	/*
349 	 * Initialize part of the common data
350 	 */
351 	imgp->proc = p;
352 	imgp->execlabel = NULL;
353 	imgp->attr = &attr;
354 	imgp->entry_addr = 0;
355 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 0;
356 	imgp->interpreted = 0;
357 	imgp->interpreter_name = args->buf + PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX;
358 	imgp->auxargs = NULL;
359 	imgp->vp = NULL;
360 	imgp->object = NULL;
361 	imgp->firstpage = NULL;
362 	imgp->ps_strings = 0;
363 	imgp->auxarg_size = 0;
364 	imgp->args = args;
365 
366 #ifdef MAC
367 	error = mac_execve_enter(imgp, mac_p);
368 	if (error)
369 		goto exec_fail;
370 #endif
371 
372 	imgp->image_header = NULL;
373 
374 	/*
375 	 * Translate the file name. namei() returns a vnode pointer
376 	 *	in ni_vp amoung other things.
377 	 *
378 	 * XXXAUDIT: It would be desirable to also audit the name of the
379 	 * interpreter if this is an interpreted binary.
380 	 */
381 	if (args->fname != NULL) {
382 		ndp = &nd;
383 		NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, ISOPEN | LOCKLEAF | FOLLOW | SAVENAME
384 		    | MPSAFE | AUDITVNODE1, UIO_SYSSPACE, args->fname, td);
385 	}
386 
387 interpret:
388 	if (args->fname != NULL) {
389 		error = namei(ndp);
390 		if (error)
391 			goto exec_fail;
392 
393 		vfslocked = NDHASGIANT(ndp);
394 		binvp  = ndp->ni_vp;
395 		imgp->vp = binvp;
396 	} else {
397 		error = fgetvp(td, args->fd, &binvp);
398 		if (error)
399 			goto exec_fail;
400 		vfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(binvp->v_mount);
401 		vn_lock(binvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
402 		imgp->vp = binvp;
403 	}
404 
405 	/*
406 	 * Check file permissions (also 'opens' file)
407 	 */
408 	error = exec_check_permissions(imgp);
409 	if (error)
410 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
411 
412 	imgp->object = imgp->vp->v_object;
413 	if (imgp->object != NULL)
414 		vm_object_reference(imgp->object);
415 
416 	/*
417 	 * Set VV_TEXT now so no one can write to the executable while we're
418 	 * activating it.
419 	 *
420 	 * Remember if this was set before and unset it in case this is not
421 	 * actually an executable image.
422 	 */
423 	textset = imgp->vp->v_vflag & VV_TEXT;
424 	imgp->vp->v_vflag |= VV_TEXT;
425 
426 	error = exec_map_first_page(imgp);
427 	if (error)
428 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
429 
430 	imgp->proc->p_osrel = 0;
431 	/*
432 	 *	If the current process has a special image activator it
433 	 *	wants to try first, call it.   For example, emulating shell
434 	 *	scripts differently.
435 	 */
436 	error = -1;
437 	if ((img_first = imgp->proc->p_sysent->sv_imgact_try) != NULL)
438 		error = img_first(imgp);
439 
440 	/*
441 	 *	Loop through the list of image activators, calling each one.
442 	 *	An activator returns -1 if there is no match, 0 on success,
443 	 *	and an error otherwise.
444 	 */
445 	for (i = 0; error == -1 && execsw[i]; ++i) {
446 		if (execsw[i]->ex_imgact == NULL ||
447 		    execsw[i]->ex_imgact == img_first) {
448 			continue;
449 		}
450 		error = (*execsw[i]->ex_imgact)(imgp);
451 	}
452 
453 	if (error) {
454 		if (error == -1) {
455 			if (textset == 0)
456 				imgp->vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_TEXT;
457 			error = ENOEXEC;
458 		}
459 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
460 	}
461 
462 	/*
463 	 * Special interpreter operation, cleanup and loop up to try to
464 	 * activate the interpreter.
465 	 */
466 	if (imgp->interpreted) {
467 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
468 		/*
469 		 * VV_TEXT needs to be unset for scripts.  There is a short
470 		 * period before we determine that something is a script where
471 		 * VV_TEXT will be set. The vnode lock is held over this
472 		 * entire period so nothing should illegitimately be blocked.
473 		 */
474 		imgp->vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_TEXT;
475 		/* free name buffer and old vnode */
476 		if (args->fname != NULL)
477 			NDFREE(ndp, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
478 #ifdef MAC
479 		interplabel = mac_vnode_label_alloc();
480 		mac_vnode_copy_label(binvp->v_label, interplabel);
481 #endif
482 		vput(binvp);
483 		vm_object_deallocate(imgp->object);
484 		imgp->object = NULL;
485 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
486 		vfslocked = 0;
487 		/* set new name to that of the interpreter */
488 		NDINIT(ndp, LOOKUP, LOCKLEAF | FOLLOW | SAVENAME | MPSAFE,
489 		    UIO_SYSSPACE, imgp->interpreter_name, td);
490 		args->fname = imgp->interpreter_name;
491 		goto interpret;
492 	}
493 
494 	/*
495 	 * Copy out strings (args and env) and initialize stack base
496 	 */
497 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_copyout_strings)
498 		stack_base = (*p->p_sysent->sv_copyout_strings)(imgp);
499 	else
500 		stack_base = exec_copyout_strings(imgp);
501 
502 	/*
503 	 * If custom stack fixup routine present for this process
504 	 * let it do the stack setup.
505 	 * Else stuff argument count as first item on stack
506 	 */
507 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_fixup != NULL)
508 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_fixup)(&stack_base, imgp);
509 	else
510 		suword(--stack_base, imgp->args->argc);
511 
512 	/*
513 	 * For security and other reasons, the file descriptor table cannot
514 	 * be shared after an exec.
515 	 */
516 	fdunshare(p, td);
517 
518 	/*
519 	 * Malloc things before we need locks.
520 	 */
521 	newcred = crget();
522 	euip = uifind(attr.va_uid);
523 	i = imgp->args->begin_envv - imgp->args->begin_argv;
524 	/* Cache arguments if they fit inside our allowance */
525 	if (ps_arg_cache_limit >= i + sizeof(struct pargs)) {
526 		newargs = pargs_alloc(i);
527 		bcopy(imgp->args->begin_argv, newargs->ar_args, i);
528 	}
529 
530 	/* close files on exec */
531 	VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
532 	fdcloseexec(td);
533 	vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
534 
535 	/* Get a reference to the vnode prior to locking the proc */
536 	VREF(binvp);
537 
538 	/*
539 	 * For security and other reasons, signal handlers cannot
540 	 * be shared after an exec. The new process gets a copy of the old
541 	 * handlers. In execsigs(), the new process will have its signals
542 	 * reset.
543 	 */
544 	PROC_LOCK(p);
545 	if (sigacts_shared(p->p_sigacts)) {
546 		oldsigacts = p->p_sigacts;
547 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
548 		newsigacts = sigacts_alloc();
549 		sigacts_copy(newsigacts, oldsigacts);
550 		PROC_LOCK(p);
551 		p->p_sigacts = newsigacts;
552 	} else
553 		oldsigacts = NULL;
554 
555 	/* Stop profiling */
556 	stopprofclock(p);
557 
558 	/* reset caught signals */
559 	execsigs(p);
560 
561 	/* name this process - nameiexec(p, ndp) */
562 	if (args->fname) {
563 		len = min(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_namelen,MAXCOMLEN);
564 		bcopy(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, p->p_comm, len);
565 	} else {
566 		len = MAXCOMLEN;
567 		if (vn_commname(binvp, p->p_comm, MAXCOMLEN + 1) == 0)
568 			len = MAXCOMLEN;
569 		else {
570 			len = sizeof(fexecv_proc_title);
571 			bcopy(fexecv_proc_title, p->p_comm, len);
572 		}
573 	}
574 	p->p_comm[len] = 0;
575 	bcopy(p->p_comm, td->td_name, sizeof(td->td_name));
576 
577 	/*
578 	 * mark as execed, wakeup the process that vforked (if any) and tell
579 	 * it that it now has its own resources back
580 	 */
581 	p->p_flag |= P_EXEC;
582 	if (p->p_pptr && (p->p_flag & P_PPWAIT)) {
583 		p->p_flag &= ~P_PPWAIT;
584 		wakeup(p->p_pptr);
585 	}
586 
587 	/*
588 	 * Implement image setuid/setgid.
589 	 *
590 	 * Don't honor setuid/setgid if the filesystem prohibits it or if
591 	 * the process is being traced.
592 	 *
593 	 * XXXMAC: For the time being, use NOSUID to also prohibit
594 	 * transitions on the file system.
595 	 */
596 	oldcred = p->p_ucred;
597 	credential_changing = 0;
598 	credential_changing |= (attr.va_mode & VSUID) && oldcred->cr_uid !=
599 	    attr.va_uid;
600 	credential_changing |= (attr.va_mode & VSGID) && oldcred->cr_gid !=
601 	    attr.va_gid;
602 #ifdef MAC
603 	will_transition = mac_vnode_execve_will_transition(oldcred, imgp->vp,
604 	    interplabel, imgp);
605 	credential_changing |= will_transition;
606 #endif
607 
608 	if (credential_changing &&
609 	    (imgp->vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID) == 0 &&
610 	    (p->p_flag & P_TRACED) == 0) {
611 		/*
612 		 * Turn off syscall tracing for set-id programs, except for
613 		 * root.  Record any set-id flags first to make sure that
614 		 * we do not regain any tracing during a possible block.
615 		 */
616 		setsugid(p);
617 
618 #ifdef KTRACE
619 		if (p->p_tracevp != NULL &&
620 		    priv_check_cred(oldcred, PRIV_DEBUG_DIFFCRED, 0)) {
621 			mtx_lock(&ktrace_mtx);
622 			p->p_traceflag = 0;
623 			tracevp = p->p_tracevp;
624 			p->p_tracevp = NULL;
625 			tracecred = p->p_tracecred;
626 			p->p_tracecred = NULL;
627 			mtx_unlock(&ktrace_mtx);
628 		}
629 #endif
630 		/*
631 		 * Close any file descriptors 0..2 that reference procfs,
632 		 * then make sure file descriptors 0..2 are in use.
633 		 *
634 		 * setugidsafety() may call closef() and then pfind()
635 		 * which may grab the process lock.
636 		 * fdcheckstd() may call falloc() which may block to
637 		 * allocate memory, so temporarily drop the process lock.
638 		 */
639 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
640 		setugidsafety(td);
641 		VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
642 		error = fdcheckstd(td);
643 		vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
644 		if (error != 0)
645 			goto done1;
646 		PROC_LOCK(p);
647 		/*
648 		 * Set the new credentials.
649 		 */
650 		crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
651 		if (attr.va_mode & VSUID)
652 			change_euid(newcred, euip);
653 		if (attr.va_mode & VSGID)
654 			change_egid(newcred, attr.va_gid);
655 #ifdef MAC
656 		if (will_transition) {
657 			mac_vnode_execve_transition(oldcred, newcred, imgp->vp,
658 			    interplabel, imgp);
659 		}
660 #endif
661 		/*
662 		 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
663 		 *
664 		 * XXXMAC: Note that the current logic will save the
665 		 * uid and gid if a MAC domain transition occurs, even
666 		 * though maybe it shouldn't.
667 		 */
668 		change_svuid(newcred, newcred->cr_uid);
669 		change_svgid(newcred, newcred->cr_gid);
670 		p->p_ucred = newcred;
671 		newcred = NULL;
672 	} else {
673 		if (oldcred->cr_uid == oldcred->cr_ruid &&
674 		    oldcred->cr_gid == oldcred->cr_rgid)
675 			p->p_flag &= ~P_SUGID;
676 		/*
677 		 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
678 		 *
679 		 * XXX: It's not clear that the existing behavior is
680 		 * POSIX-compliant.  A number of sources indicate that the
681 		 * saved uid/gid should only be updated if the new ruid is
682 		 * not equal to the old ruid, or the new euid is not equal
683 		 * to the old euid and the new euid is not equal to the old
684 		 * ruid.  The FreeBSD code always updates the saved uid/gid.
685 		 * Also, this code uses the new (replaced) euid and egid as
686 		 * the source, which may or may not be the right ones to use.
687 		 */
688 		if (oldcred->cr_svuid != oldcred->cr_uid ||
689 		    oldcred->cr_svgid != oldcred->cr_gid) {
690 			crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
691 			change_svuid(newcred, newcred->cr_uid);
692 			change_svgid(newcred, newcred->cr_gid);
693 			p->p_ucred = newcred;
694 			newcred = NULL;
695 		}
696 	}
697 
698 	/*
699 	 * Store the vp for use in procfs.  This vnode was referenced prior
700 	 * to locking the proc lock.
701 	 */
702 	textvp = p->p_textvp;
703 	p->p_textvp = binvp;
704 
705 	/*
706 	 * Notify others that we exec'd, and clear the P_INEXEC flag
707 	 * as we're now a bona fide freshly-execed process.
708 	 */
709 	KNOTE_LOCKED(&p->p_klist, NOTE_EXEC);
710 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
711 
712 	/*
713 	 * If tracing the process, trap to debugger so breakpoints
714 	 * can be set before the program executes.
715 	 * Use tdsignal to deliver signal to current thread, use
716 	 * psignal may cause the signal to be delivered to wrong thread
717 	 * because that thread will exit, remember we are going to enter
718 	 * single thread mode.
719 	 */
720 	if (p->p_flag & P_TRACED)
721 		tdsignal(p, td, SIGTRAP, NULL);
722 
723 	/* clear "fork but no exec" flag, as we _are_ execing */
724 	p->p_acflag &= ~AFORK;
725 
726 	/*
727 	 * Free any previous argument cache and replace it with
728 	 * the new argument cache, if any.
729 	 */
730 	oldargs = p->p_args;
731 	p->p_args = newargs;
732 	newargs = NULL;
733 
734 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
735 	/*
736 	 * Check if system-wide sampling is in effect or if the
737 	 * current process is using PMCs.  If so, do exec() time
738 	 * processing.  This processing needs to happen AFTER the
739 	 * P_INEXEC flag is cleared.
740 	 *
741 	 * The proc lock needs to be released before taking the PMC
742 	 * SX.
743 	 */
744 	if (PMC_SYSTEM_SAMPLING_ACTIVE() || PMC_PROC_IS_USING_PMCS(p)) {
745 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
746 		pe.pm_credentialschanged = credential_changing;
747 		pe.pm_entryaddr = imgp->entry_addr;
748 
749 		PMC_CALL_HOOK_X(td, PMC_FN_PROCESS_EXEC, (void *) &pe);
750 	} else
751 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
752 #else  /* !HWPMC_HOOKS */
753 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
754 #endif
755 
756 	/* Set values passed into the program in registers. */
757 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_setregs)
758 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_setregs)(td, imgp->entry_addr,
759 		    (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base, imgp->ps_strings);
760 	else
761 		exec_setregs(td, imgp->entry_addr,
762 		    (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base, imgp->ps_strings);
763 
764 	vfs_mark_atime(imgp->vp, td);
765 
766 done1:
767 	/*
768 	 * Free any resources malloc'd earlier that we didn't use.
769 	 */
770 	uifree(euip);
771 	if (newcred == NULL)
772 		crfree(oldcred);
773 	else
774 		crfree(newcred);
775 	VOP_UNLOCK(imgp->vp, 0);
776 	/*
777 	 * Handle deferred decrement of ref counts.
778 	 */
779 	if (textvp != NULL) {
780 		int tvfslocked;
781 
782 		tvfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(textvp->v_mount);
783 		vrele(textvp);
784 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(tvfslocked);
785 	}
786 	if (binvp && error != 0)
787 		vrele(binvp);
788 #ifdef KTRACE
789 	if (tracevp != NULL) {
790 		int tvfslocked;
791 
792 		tvfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(tracevp->v_mount);
793 		vrele(tracevp);
794 		VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(tvfslocked);
795 	}
796 	if (tracecred != NULL)
797 		crfree(tracecred);
798 #endif
799 	vn_lock(imgp->vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
800 	if (oldargs != NULL)
801 		pargs_drop(oldargs);
802 	if (newargs != NULL)
803 		pargs_drop(newargs);
804 	if (oldsigacts != NULL)
805 		sigacts_free(oldsigacts);
806 
807 exec_fail_dealloc:
808 
809 	/*
810 	 * free various allocated resources
811 	 */
812 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL)
813 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
814 
815 	if (imgp->vp != NULL) {
816 		if (args->fname)
817 			NDFREE(ndp, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
818 		vput(imgp->vp);
819 	}
820 
821 	if (imgp->object != NULL)
822 		vm_object_deallocate(imgp->object);
823 
824 	if (error == 0) {
825 		/*
826 		 * Stop the process here if its stop event mask has
827 		 * the S_EXEC bit set.
828 		 */
829 		STOPEVENT(p, S_EXEC, 0);
830 		goto done2;
831 	}
832 
833 exec_fail:
834 	/* we're done here, clear P_INEXEC */
835 	PROC_LOCK(p);
836 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
837 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
838 
839 done2:
840 #ifdef MAC
841 	mac_execve_exit(imgp);
842 	if (interplabel != NULL)
843 		mac_vnode_label_free(interplabel);
844 #endif
845 	VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
846 	exec_free_args(args);
847 
848 	if (error && imgp->vmspace_destroyed) {
849 		/* sorry, no more process anymore. exit gracefully */
850 		exit1(td, W_EXITCODE(0, SIGABRT));
851 		/* NOT REACHED */
852 	}
853 	return (error);
854 }
855 
856 int
857 exec_map_first_page(imgp)
858 	struct image_params *imgp;
859 {
860 	int rv, i;
861 	int initial_pagein;
862 	vm_page_t ma[VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN];
863 	vm_object_t object;
864 
865 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL)
866 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
867 
868 	object = imgp->vp->v_object;
869 	if (object == NULL)
870 		return (EACCES);
871 	VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
872 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
873 	if ((object->flags & OBJ_COLORED) == 0) {
874 		object->flags |= OBJ_COLORED;
875 		object->pg_color = 0;
876 	}
877 #endif
878 	ma[0] = vm_page_grab(object, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_RETRY);
879 	if ((ma[0]->valid & VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
880 		initial_pagein = VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN;
881 		if (initial_pagein > object->size)
882 			initial_pagein = object->size;
883 		for (i = 1; i < initial_pagein; i++) {
884 			if ((ma[i] = vm_page_lookup(object, i)) != NULL) {
885 				if (ma[i]->valid)
886 					break;
887 				if ((ma[i]->oflags & VPO_BUSY) || ma[i]->busy)
888 					break;
889 				vm_page_busy(ma[i]);
890 			} else {
891 				ma[i] = vm_page_alloc(object, i,
892 				    VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_IFNOTCACHED);
893 				if (ma[i] == NULL)
894 					break;
895 			}
896 		}
897 		initial_pagein = i;
898 		rv = vm_pager_get_pages(object, ma, initial_pagein, 0);
899 		ma[0] = vm_page_lookup(object, 0);
900 		if ((rv != VM_PAGER_OK) || (ma[0] == NULL) ||
901 		    (ma[0]->valid == 0)) {
902 			if (ma[0]) {
903 				vm_page_lock_queues();
904 				vm_page_free(ma[0]);
905 				vm_page_unlock_queues();
906 			}
907 			VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
908 			return (EIO);
909 		}
910 	}
911 	vm_page_lock_queues();
912 	vm_page_hold(ma[0]);
913 	vm_page_unlock_queues();
914 	vm_page_wakeup(ma[0]);
915 	VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
916 
917 	imgp->firstpage = sf_buf_alloc(ma[0], 0);
918 	imgp->image_header = (char *)sf_buf_kva(imgp->firstpage);
919 
920 	return (0);
921 }
922 
923 void
924 exec_unmap_first_page(imgp)
925 	struct image_params *imgp;
926 {
927 	vm_page_t m;
928 
929 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL) {
930 		m = sf_buf_page(imgp->firstpage);
931 		sf_buf_free(imgp->firstpage);
932 		imgp->firstpage = NULL;
933 		vm_page_lock_queues();
934 		vm_page_unhold(m);
935 		vm_page_unlock_queues();
936 	}
937 }
938 
939 /*
940  * Destroy old address space, and allocate a new stack
941  *	The new stack is only SGROWSIZ large because it is grown
942  *	automatically in trap.c.
943  */
944 int
945 exec_new_vmspace(imgp, sv)
946 	struct image_params *imgp;
947 	struct sysentvec *sv;
948 {
949 	int error;
950 	struct proc *p = imgp->proc;
951 	struct vmspace *vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
952 	vm_offset_t stack_addr;
953 	vm_map_t map;
954 	u_long ssiz;
955 
956 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 1;
957 	imgp->sysent = sv;
958 
959 	/* May be called with Giant held */
960 	EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(process_exec, p, imgp);
961 
962 	/*
963 	 * Blow away entire process VM, if address space not shared,
964 	 * otherwise, create a new VM space so that other threads are
965 	 * not disrupted
966 	 */
967 	map = &vmspace->vm_map;
968 	if (vmspace->vm_refcnt == 1 && vm_map_min(map) == sv->sv_minuser &&
969 	    vm_map_max(map) == sv->sv_maxuser) {
970 		shmexit(vmspace);
971 		pmap_remove_pages(vmspace_pmap(vmspace));
972 		vm_map_remove(map, vm_map_min(map), vm_map_max(map));
973 	} else {
974 		error = vmspace_exec(p, sv->sv_minuser, sv->sv_maxuser);
975 		if (error)
976 			return (error);
977 		vmspace = p->p_vmspace;
978 		map = &vmspace->vm_map;
979 	}
980 
981 	/* Allocate a new stack */
982 	if (sv->sv_maxssiz != NULL)
983 		ssiz = *sv->sv_maxssiz;
984 	else
985 		ssiz = maxssiz;
986 	stack_addr = sv->sv_usrstack - ssiz;
987 	error = vm_map_stack(map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)ssiz,
988 	    sv->sv_stackprot, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_STACK_GROWS_DOWN);
989 	if (error)
990 		return (error);
991 
992 #ifdef __ia64__
993 	/* Allocate a new register stack */
994 	stack_addr = IA64_BACKINGSTORE;
995 	error = vm_map_stack(map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)ssiz,
996 	    sv->sv_stackprot, VM_PROT_ALL, MAP_STACK_GROWS_UP);
997 	if (error)
998 		return (error);
999 #endif
1000 
1001 	/* vm_ssize and vm_maxsaddr are somewhat antiquated concepts in the
1002 	 * VM_STACK case, but they are still used to monitor the size of the
1003 	 * process stack so we can check the stack rlimit.
1004 	 */
1005 	vmspace->vm_ssize = sgrowsiz >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1006 	vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (char *)sv->sv_usrstack - ssiz;
1007 
1008 	return (0);
1009 }
1010 
1011 /*
1012  * Copy out argument and environment strings from the old process address
1013  * space into the temporary string buffer.
1014  */
1015 int
1016 exec_copyin_args(struct image_args *args, char *fname,
1017     enum uio_seg segflg, char **argv, char **envv)
1018 {
1019 	char *argp, *envp;
1020 	int error;
1021 	size_t length;
1022 
1023 	error = 0;
1024 
1025 	bzero(args, sizeof(*args));
1026 	if (argv == NULL)
1027 		return (EFAULT);
1028 	/*
1029 	 * Allocate temporary demand zeroed space for argument and
1030 	 *	environment strings:
1031 	 *
1032 	 * o ARG_MAX for argument and environment;
1033 	 * o MAXSHELLCMDLEN for the name of interpreters.
1034 	 */
1035 	args->buf = (char *) kmem_alloc_wait(exec_map,
1036 	    PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX + MAXSHELLCMDLEN);
1037 	if (args->buf == NULL)
1038 		return (ENOMEM);
1039 	args->begin_argv = args->buf;
1040 	args->endp = args->begin_argv;
1041 	args->stringspace = ARG_MAX;
1042 	/*
1043 	 * Copy the file name.
1044 	 */
1045 	if (fname != NULL) {
1046 		args->fname = args->buf + ARG_MAX;
1047 		error = (segflg == UIO_SYSSPACE) ?
1048 		    copystr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length) :
1049 		    copyinstr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length);
1050 		if (error != 0)
1051 			goto err_exit;
1052 	} else
1053 		args->fname = NULL;
1054 
1055 	/*
1056 	 * extract arguments first
1057 	 */
1058 	while ((argp = (caddr_t) (intptr_t) fuword(argv++))) {
1059 		if (argp == (caddr_t) -1) {
1060 			error = EFAULT;
1061 			goto err_exit;
1062 		}
1063 		if ((error = copyinstr(argp, args->endp,
1064 		    args->stringspace, &length))) {
1065 			if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
1066 				error = E2BIG;
1067 			goto err_exit;
1068 		}
1069 		args->stringspace -= length;
1070 		args->endp += length;
1071 		args->argc++;
1072 	}
1073 
1074 	args->begin_envv = args->endp;
1075 
1076 	/*
1077 	 * extract environment strings
1078 	 */
1079 	if (envv) {
1080 		while ((envp = (caddr_t)(intptr_t)fuword(envv++))) {
1081 			if (envp == (caddr_t)-1) {
1082 				error = EFAULT;
1083 				goto err_exit;
1084 			}
1085 			if ((error = copyinstr(envp, args->endp,
1086 			    args->stringspace, &length))) {
1087 				if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
1088 					error = E2BIG;
1089 				goto err_exit;
1090 			}
1091 			args->stringspace -= length;
1092 			args->endp += length;
1093 			args->envc++;
1094 		}
1095 	}
1096 
1097 	return (0);
1098 
1099 err_exit:
1100 	exec_free_args(args);
1101 	return (error);
1102 }
1103 
1104 static void
1105 exec_free_args(struct image_args *args)
1106 {
1107 
1108 	if (args->buf) {
1109 		kmem_free_wakeup(exec_map, (vm_offset_t)args->buf,
1110 		    PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX + MAXSHELLCMDLEN);
1111 		args->buf = NULL;
1112 	}
1113 }
1114 
1115 /*
1116  * Copy strings out to the new process address space, constructing new arg
1117  * and env vector tables. Return a pointer to the base so that it can be used
1118  * as the initial stack pointer.
1119  */
1120 register_t *
1121 exec_copyout_strings(imgp)
1122 	struct image_params *imgp;
1123 {
1124 	int argc, envc;
1125 	char **vectp;
1126 	char *stringp, *destp;
1127 	register_t *stack_base;
1128 	struct ps_strings *arginfo;
1129 	struct proc *p;
1130 	int szsigcode;
1131 
1132 	/*
1133 	 * Calculate string base and vector table pointers.
1134 	 * Also deal with signal trampoline code for this exec type.
1135 	 */
1136 	p = imgp->proc;
1137 	szsigcode = 0;
1138 	arginfo = (struct ps_strings *)p->p_sysent->sv_psstrings;
1139 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode != NULL)
1140 		szsigcode = *(p->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode);
1141 	destp =	(caddr_t)arginfo - szsigcode - SPARE_USRSPACE -
1142 	    roundup((ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace), sizeof(char *));
1143 
1144 	/*
1145 	 * install sigcode
1146 	 */
1147 	if (szsigcode)
1148 		copyout(p->p_sysent->sv_sigcode, ((caddr_t)arginfo -
1149 		    szsigcode), szsigcode);
1150 
1151 	/*
1152 	 * If we have a valid auxargs ptr, prepare some room
1153 	 * on the stack.
1154 	 */
1155 	if (imgp->auxargs) {
1156 		/*
1157 		 * 'AT_COUNT*2' is size for the ELF Auxargs data. This is for
1158 		 * lower compatibility.
1159 		 */
1160 		imgp->auxarg_size = (imgp->auxarg_size) ? imgp->auxarg_size :
1161 		    (AT_COUNT * 2);
1162 		/*
1163 		 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of
1164 		 * the arg and env vector sets,and imgp->auxarg_size is room
1165 		 * for argument of Runtime loader.
1166 		 */
1167 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc +
1168 		    imgp->args->envc + 2 + imgp->auxarg_size) *
1169 		    sizeof(char *));
1170 
1171 	} else {
1172 		/*
1173 		 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of
1174 		 * the arg and env vector sets
1175 		 */
1176 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc + imgp->args->envc + 2) *
1177 		    sizeof(char *));
1178 	}
1179 
1180 	/*
1181 	 * vectp also becomes our initial stack base
1182 	 */
1183 	stack_base = (register_t *)vectp;
1184 
1185 	stringp = imgp->args->begin_argv;
1186 	argc = imgp->args->argc;
1187 	envc = imgp->args->envc;
1188 
1189 	/*
1190 	 * Copy out strings - arguments and environment.
1191 	 */
1192 	copyout(stringp, destp, ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace);
1193 
1194 	/*
1195 	 * Fill in "ps_strings" struct for ps, w, etc.
1196 	 */
1197 	suword(&arginfo->ps_argvstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
1198 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nargvstr, argc);
1199 
1200 	/*
1201 	 * Fill in argument portion of vector table.
1202 	 */
1203 	for (; argc > 0; --argc) {
1204 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
1205 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
1206 			destp++;
1207 		destp++;
1208 	}
1209 
1210 	/* a null vector table pointer separates the argp's from the envp's */
1211 	suword(vectp++, 0);
1212 
1213 	suword(&arginfo->ps_envstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
1214 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nenvstr, envc);
1215 
1216 	/*
1217 	 * Fill in environment portion of vector table.
1218 	 */
1219 	for (; envc > 0; --envc) {
1220 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
1221 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
1222 			destp++;
1223 		destp++;
1224 	}
1225 
1226 	/* end of vector table is a null pointer */
1227 	suword(vectp, 0);
1228 
1229 	return (stack_base);
1230 }
1231 
1232 /*
1233  * Check permissions of file to execute.
1234  *	Called with imgp->vp locked.
1235  *	Return 0 for success or error code on failure.
1236  */
1237 int
1238 exec_check_permissions(imgp)
1239 	struct image_params *imgp;
1240 {
1241 	struct vnode *vp = imgp->vp;
1242 	struct vattr *attr = imgp->attr;
1243 	struct thread *td;
1244 	int error;
1245 
1246 	td = curthread;
1247 
1248 	/* Get file attributes */
1249 	error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, attr, td->td_ucred, td);
1250 	if (error)
1251 		return (error);
1252 
1253 #ifdef MAC
1254 	error = mac_vnode_check_exec(td->td_ucred, imgp->vp, imgp);
1255 	if (error)
1256 		return (error);
1257 #endif
1258 
1259 	/*
1260 	 * 1) Check if file execution is disabled for the filesystem that this
1261 	 *	file resides on.
1262 	 * 2) Insure that at least one execute bit is on - otherwise root
1263 	 *	will always succeed, and we don't want to happen unless the
1264 	 *	file really is executable.
1265 	 * 3) Insure that the file is a regular file.
1266 	 */
1267 	if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) ||
1268 	    ((attr->va_mode & 0111) == 0) ||
1269 	    (attr->va_type != VREG))
1270 		return (EACCES);
1271 
1272 	/*
1273 	 * Zero length files can't be exec'd
1274 	 */
1275 	if (attr->va_size == 0)
1276 		return (ENOEXEC);
1277 
1278 	/*
1279 	 *  Check for execute permission to file based on current credentials.
1280 	 */
1281 	error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, td->td_ucred, td);
1282 	if (error)
1283 		return (error);
1284 
1285 	/*
1286 	 * Check number of open-for-writes on the file and deny execution
1287 	 * if there are any.
1288 	 */
1289 	if (vp->v_writecount)
1290 		return (ETXTBSY);
1291 
1292 	/*
1293 	 * Call filesystem specific open routine (which does nothing in the
1294 	 * general case).
1295 	 */
1296 	error = VOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, td->td_ucred, td, NULL);
1297 	return (error);
1298 }
1299 
1300 /*
1301  * Exec handler registration
1302  */
1303 int
1304 exec_register(execsw_arg)
1305 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
1306 {
1307 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
1308 	int count = 2;	/* New slot and trailing NULL */
1309 
1310 	if (execsw)
1311 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1312 			count++;
1313 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1314 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
1315 		return (ENOMEM);
1316 	xs = newexecsw;
1317 	if (execsw)
1318 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1319 			*xs++ = *es;
1320 	*xs++ = execsw_arg;
1321 	*xs = NULL;
1322 	if (execsw)
1323 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
1324 	execsw = newexecsw;
1325 	return (0);
1326 }
1327 
1328 int
1329 exec_unregister(execsw_arg)
1330 	const struct execsw *execsw_arg;
1331 {
1332 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
1333 	int count = 1;
1334 
1335 	if (execsw == NULL)
1336 		panic("unregister with no handlers left?\n");
1337 
1338 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++) {
1339 		if (*es == execsw_arg)
1340 			break;
1341 	}
1342 	if (*es == NULL)
1343 		return (ENOENT);
1344 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1345 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1346 			count++;
1347 	newexecsw = malloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1348 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
1349 		return (ENOMEM);
1350 	xs = newexecsw;
1351 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1352 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1353 			*xs++ = *es;
1354 	*xs = NULL;
1355 	if (execsw)
1356 		free(execsw, M_TEMP);
1357 	execsw = newexecsw;
1358 	return (0);
1359 }
1360