xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_environment.c (revision 1f4bcc459a76b7aa664f3fd557684cd0ba6da352)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Michael Smith
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 /*
28  * The unified bootloader passes us a pointer to a preserved copy of
29  * bootstrap/kernel environment variables.  We convert them to a
30  * dynamic array of strings later when the VM subsystem is up.
31  *
32  * We make these available through the kenv(2) syscall for userland
33  * and through kern_getenv()/freeenv() kern_setenv() kern_unsetenv() testenv() for
34  * the kernel.
35  */
36 
37 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
39 
40 #include <sys/types.h>
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/proc.h>
43 #include <sys/queue.h>
44 #include <sys/lock.h>
45 #include <sys/malloc.h>
46 #include <sys/mutex.h>
47 #include <sys/priv.h>
48 #include <sys/kernel.h>
49 #include <sys/systm.h>
50 #include <sys/sysent.h>
51 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
52 #include <sys/libkern.h>
53 #include <sys/kenv.h>
54 
55 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
56 
57 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_KENV, "kenv", "kernel environment");
58 
59 #define KENV_SIZE	512	/* Maximum number of environment strings */
60 
61 /* pointer to the static environment */
62 char		*kern_envp;
63 static int	env_len;
64 static int	env_pos;
65 static char	*kernenv_next(char *);
66 
67 /* dynamic environment variables */
68 char		**kenvp;
69 struct mtx	kenv_lock;
70 
71 /*
72  * No need to protect this with a mutex since SYSINITS are single threaded.
73  */
74 int	dynamic_kenv = 0;
75 
76 #define KENV_CHECK	if (!dynamic_kenv) \
77 			    panic("%s: called before SI_SUB_KMEM", __func__)
78 
79 int
80 sys_kenv(td, uap)
81 	struct thread *td;
82 	struct kenv_args /* {
83 		int what;
84 		const char *name;
85 		char *value;
86 		int len;
87 	} */ *uap;
88 {
89 	char *name, *value, *buffer = NULL;
90 	size_t len, done, needed, buflen;
91 	int error, i;
92 
93 	KASSERT(dynamic_kenv, ("kenv: dynamic_kenv = 0"));
94 
95 	error = 0;
96 	if (uap->what == KENV_DUMP) {
97 #ifdef MAC
98 		error = mac_kenv_check_dump(td->td_ucred);
99 		if (error)
100 			return (error);
101 #endif
102 		done = needed = 0;
103 		buflen = uap->len;
104 		if (buflen > KENV_SIZE * (KENV_MNAMELEN + KENV_MVALLEN + 2))
105 			buflen = KENV_SIZE * (KENV_MNAMELEN +
106 			    KENV_MVALLEN + 2);
107 		if (uap->len > 0 && uap->value != NULL)
108 			buffer = malloc(buflen, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
109 		mtx_lock(&kenv_lock);
110 		for (i = 0; kenvp[i] != NULL; i++) {
111 			len = strlen(kenvp[i]) + 1;
112 			needed += len;
113 			len = min(len, buflen - done);
114 			/*
115 			 * If called with a NULL or insufficiently large
116 			 * buffer, just keep computing the required size.
117 			 */
118 			if (uap->value != NULL && buffer != NULL && len > 0) {
119 				bcopy(kenvp[i], buffer + done, len);
120 				done += len;
121 			}
122 		}
123 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
124 		if (buffer != NULL) {
125 			error = copyout(buffer, uap->value, done);
126 			free(buffer, M_TEMP);
127 		}
128 		td->td_retval[0] = ((done == needed) ? 0 : needed);
129 		return (error);
130 	}
131 
132 	switch (uap->what) {
133 	case KENV_SET:
134 		error = priv_check(td, PRIV_KENV_SET);
135 		if (error)
136 			return (error);
137 		break;
138 
139 	case KENV_UNSET:
140 		error = priv_check(td, PRIV_KENV_UNSET);
141 		if (error)
142 			return (error);
143 		break;
144 	}
145 
146 	name = malloc(KENV_MNAMELEN + 1, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
147 
148 	error = copyinstr(uap->name, name, KENV_MNAMELEN + 1, NULL);
149 	if (error)
150 		goto done;
151 
152 	switch (uap->what) {
153 	case KENV_GET:
154 #ifdef MAC
155 		error = mac_kenv_check_get(td->td_ucred, name);
156 		if (error)
157 			goto done;
158 #endif
159 		value = kern_getenv(name);
160 		if (value == NULL) {
161 			error = ENOENT;
162 			goto done;
163 		}
164 		len = strlen(value) + 1;
165 		if (len > uap->len)
166 			len = uap->len;
167 		error = copyout(value, uap->value, len);
168 		freeenv(value);
169 		if (error)
170 			goto done;
171 		td->td_retval[0] = len;
172 		break;
173 	case KENV_SET:
174 		len = uap->len;
175 		if (len < 1) {
176 			error = EINVAL;
177 			goto done;
178 		}
179 		if (len > KENV_MVALLEN + 1)
180 			len = KENV_MVALLEN + 1;
181 		value = malloc(len, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
182 		error = copyinstr(uap->value, value, len, NULL);
183 		if (error) {
184 			free(value, M_TEMP);
185 			goto done;
186 		}
187 #ifdef MAC
188 		error = mac_kenv_check_set(td->td_ucred, name, value);
189 		if (error == 0)
190 #endif
191 			kern_setenv(name, value);
192 		free(value, M_TEMP);
193 		break;
194 	case KENV_UNSET:
195 #ifdef MAC
196 		error = mac_kenv_check_unset(td->td_ucred, name);
197 		if (error)
198 			goto done;
199 #endif
200 		error = kern_unsetenv(name);
201 		if (error)
202 			error = ENOENT;
203 		break;
204 	default:
205 		error = EINVAL;
206 		break;
207 	}
208 done:
209 	free(name, M_TEMP);
210 	return (error);
211 }
212 
213 /*
214  * Populate the initial kernel environment.
215  *
216  * This is called very early in MD startup, either to provide a copy of the
217  * environment obtained from a boot loader, or to provide an empty buffer into
218  * which MD code can store an initial environment using kern_setenv() calls.
219  *
220  * If the global envmode is 1, the environment is initialized from the global
221  * static_env[], regardless of the arguments passed.  This implements the env
222  * keyword described in config(5).  In this case env_pos is set to env_len,
223  * causing kern_setenv() to return -1 (if len > 0) or panic (if len == 0) until
224  * the dynamic environment is available.  The envmode and static_env variables
225  * are defined in env.c which is generated by config(8).
226  *
227  * If len is non-zero, the caller is providing an empty buffer.  The caller will
228  * subsequently use kern_setenv() to add up to len bytes of initial environment
229  * before the dynamic environment is available.
230  *
231  * If len is zero, the caller is providing a pre-loaded buffer containing
232  * environment strings.  Additional strings cannot be added until the dynamic
233  * environment is available.  The memory pointed to must remain stable at least
234  * until sysinit runs init_dynamic_kenv().  If no initial environment is
235  * available from the boot loader, passing a NULL pointer allows the static_env
236  * to be installed if it is configured.
237  */
238 void
239 init_static_kenv(char *buf, size_t len)
240 {
241 
242 	if (envmode == 1) {
243 		kern_envp = static_env;
244 		env_len = len;
245 		env_pos = len;
246 	} else {
247 		kern_envp = buf;
248 		env_len = len;
249 		env_pos = 0;
250 	}
251 }
252 
253 /*
254  * Setup the dynamic kernel environment.
255  */
256 static void
257 init_dynamic_kenv(void *data __unused)
258 {
259 	char *cp, *cpnext;
260 	size_t len;
261 	int i;
262 
263 	kenvp = malloc((KENV_SIZE + 1) * sizeof(char *), M_KENV,
264 		M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
265 	i = 0;
266 	if (kern_envp && *kern_envp != '\0') {
267 		for (cp = kern_envp; cp != NULL; cp = cpnext) {
268 			cpnext = kernenv_next(cp);
269 			len = strlen(cp) + 1;
270 			if (len > KENV_MNAMELEN + 1 + KENV_MVALLEN + 1) {
271 				printf(
272 				"WARNING: too long kenv string, ignoring %s\n",
273 				    cp);
274 				continue;
275 			}
276 			if (i < KENV_SIZE) {
277 				kenvp[i] = malloc(len, M_KENV, M_WAITOK);
278 				strcpy(kenvp[i++], cp);
279 				memset(cp, 0, strlen(cp));
280 			} else
281 				printf(
282 				"WARNING: too many kenv strings, ignoring %s\n",
283 				    cp);
284 		}
285 	}
286 	kenvp[i] = NULL;
287 
288 	mtx_init(&kenv_lock, "kernel environment", NULL, MTX_DEF);
289 	dynamic_kenv = 1;
290 }
291 SYSINIT(kenv, SI_SUB_KMEM, SI_ORDER_ANY, init_dynamic_kenv, NULL);
292 
293 void
294 freeenv(char *env)
295 {
296 
297 	if (dynamic_kenv && env != NULL) {
298 		memset(env, 0, strlen(env));
299 		free(env, M_KENV);
300 	}
301 }
302 
303 /*
304  * Internal functions for string lookup.
305  */
306 static char *
307 _getenv_dynamic(const char *name, int *idx)
308 {
309 	char *cp;
310 	int len, i;
311 
312 	mtx_assert(&kenv_lock, MA_OWNED);
313 	len = strlen(name);
314 	for (cp = kenvp[0], i = 0; cp != NULL; cp = kenvp[++i]) {
315 		if ((strncmp(cp, name, len) == 0) &&
316 		    (cp[len] == '=')) {
317 			if (idx != NULL)
318 				*idx = i;
319 			return (cp + len + 1);
320 		}
321 	}
322 	return (NULL);
323 }
324 
325 static char *
326 _getenv_static(const char *name)
327 {
328 	char *cp, *ep;
329 	int len;
330 
331 	for (cp = kern_envp; cp != NULL; cp = kernenv_next(cp)) {
332 		for (ep = cp; (*ep != '=') && (*ep != 0); ep++)
333 			;
334 		if (*ep != '=')
335 			continue;
336 		len = ep - cp;
337 		ep++;
338 		if (!strncmp(name, cp, len) && name[len] == 0)
339 			return (ep);
340 	}
341 	return (NULL);
342 }
343 
344 /*
345  * Look up an environment variable by name.
346  * Return a pointer to the string if found.
347  * The pointer has to be freed with freeenv()
348  * after use.
349  */
350 char *
351 kern_getenv(const char *name)
352 {
353 	char buf[KENV_MNAMELEN + 1 + KENV_MVALLEN + 1];
354 	char *ret;
355 
356 	if (dynamic_kenv) {
357 		if (getenv_string(name, buf, sizeof(buf))) {
358 			ret = strdup(buf, M_KENV);
359 		} else {
360 			ret = NULL;
361 			WITNESS_WARN(WARN_GIANTOK | WARN_SLEEPOK, NULL,
362 			    "getenv");
363 		}
364 	} else
365 		ret = _getenv_static(name);
366 	return (ret);
367 }
368 
369 /*
370  * Test if an environment variable is defined.
371  */
372 int
373 testenv(const char *name)
374 {
375 	char *cp;
376 
377 	if (dynamic_kenv) {
378 		mtx_lock(&kenv_lock);
379 		cp = _getenv_dynamic(name, NULL);
380 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
381 	} else
382 		cp = _getenv_static(name);
383 	if (cp != NULL)
384 		return (1);
385 	return (0);
386 }
387 
388 static int
389 setenv_static(const char *name, const char *value)
390 {
391 	int len;
392 
393 	if (env_pos >= env_len)
394 		return (-1);
395 
396 	/* Check space for x=y and two nuls */
397 	len = strlen(name) + strlen(value);
398 	if (len + 3 < env_len - env_pos) {
399 		len = sprintf(&kern_envp[env_pos], "%s=%s", name, value);
400 		env_pos += len+1;
401 		kern_envp[env_pos] = '\0';
402 		return (0);
403 	} else
404 		return (-1);
405 
406 }
407 
408 /*
409  * Set an environment variable by name.
410  */
411 int
412 kern_setenv(const char *name, const char *value)
413 {
414 	char *buf, *cp, *oldenv;
415 	int namelen, vallen, i;
416 
417 	if (dynamic_kenv == 0 && env_len > 0)
418 		return (setenv_static(name, value));
419 
420 	KENV_CHECK;
421 
422 	namelen = strlen(name) + 1;
423 	if (namelen > KENV_MNAMELEN + 1)
424 		return (-1);
425 	vallen = strlen(value) + 1;
426 	if (vallen > KENV_MVALLEN + 1)
427 		return (-1);
428 	buf = malloc(namelen + vallen, M_KENV, M_WAITOK);
429 	sprintf(buf, "%s=%s", name, value);
430 
431 	mtx_lock(&kenv_lock);
432 	cp = _getenv_dynamic(name, &i);
433 	if (cp != NULL) {
434 		oldenv = kenvp[i];
435 		kenvp[i] = buf;
436 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
437 		free(oldenv, M_KENV);
438 	} else {
439 		/* We add the option if it wasn't found */
440 		for (i = 0; (cp = kenvp[i]) != NULL; i++)
441 			;
442 
443 		/* Bounds checking */
444 		if (i < 0 || i >= KENV_SIZE) {
445 			free(buf, M_KENV);
446 			mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
447 			return (-1);
448 		}
449 
450 		kenvp[i] = buf;
451 		kenvp[i + 1] = NULL;
452 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
453 	}
454 	return (0);
455 }
456 
457 /*
458  * Unset an environment variable string.
459  */
460 int
461 kern_unsetenv(const char *name)
462 {
463 	char *cp, *oldenv;
464 	int i, j;
465 
466 	KENV_CHECK;
467 
468 	mtx_lock(&kenv_lock);
469 	cp = _getenv_dynamic(name, &i);
470 	if (cp != NULL) {
471 		oldenv = kenvp[i];
472 		for (j = i + 1; kenvp[j] != NULL; j++)
473 			kenvp[i++] = kenvp[j];
474 		kenvp[i] = NULL;
475 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
476 		memset(oldenv, 0, strlen(oldenv));
477 		free(oldenv, M_KENV);
478 		return (0);
479 	}
480 	mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
481 	return (-1);
482 }
483 
484 /*
485  * Return a string value from an environment variable.
486  */
487 int
488 getenv_string(const char *name, char *data, int size)
489 {
490 	char *cp;
491 
492 	if (dynamic_kenv) {
493 		mtx_lock(&kenv_lock);
494 		cp = _getenv_dynamic(name, NULL);
495 		if (cp != NULL)
496 			strlcpy(data, cp, size);
497 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
498 	} else {
499 		cp = _getenv_static(name);
500 		if (cp != NULL)
501 			strlcpy(data, cp, size);
502 	}
503 	return (cp != NULL);
504 }
505 
506 /*
507  * Return an integer value from an environment variable.
508  */
509 int
510 getenv_int(const char *name, int *data)
511 {
512 	quad_t tmp;
513 	int rval;
514 
515 	rval = getenv_quad(name, &tmp);
516 	if (rval)
517 		*data = (int) tmp;
518 	return (rval);
519 }
520 
521 /*
522  * Return an unsigned integer value from an environment variable.
523  */
524 int
525 getenv_uint(const char *name, unsigned int *data)
526 {
527 	quad_t tmp;
528 	int rval;
529 
530 	rval = getenv_quad(name, &tmp);
531 	if (rval)
532 		*data = (unsigned int) tmp;
533 	return (rval);
534 }
535 
536 /*
537  * Return a long value from an environment variable.
538  */
539 int
540 getenv_long(const char *name, long *data)
541 {
542 	quad_t tmp;
543 	int rval;
544 
545 	rval = getenv_quad(name, &tmp);
546 	if (rval)
547 		*data = (long) tmp;
548 	return (rval);
549 }
550 
551 /*
552  * Return an unsigned long value from an environment variable.
553  */
554 int
555 getenv_ulong(const char *name, unsigned long *data)
556 {
557 	quad_t tmp;
558 	int rval;
559 
560 	rval = getenv_quad(name, &tmp);
561 	if (rval)
562 		*data = (unsigned long) tmp;
563 	return (rval);
564 }
565 
566 /*
567  * Return a quad_t value from an environment variable.
568  */
569 int
570 getenv_quad(const char *name, quad_t *data)
571 {
572 	char	value[KENV_MNAMELEN + 1 + KENV_MVALLEN + 1];
573 	char	*vtp;
574 	quad_t	iv;
575 
576 	if (!getenv_string(name, value, sizeof(value)))
577 		return (0);
578 	iv = strtoq(value, &vtp, 0);
579 	if (vtp == value || (vtp[0] != '\0' && vtp[1] != '\0'))
580 		return (0);
581 	switch (vtp[0]) {
582 	case 't': case 'T':
583 		iv *= 1024;
584 	case 'g': case 'G':
585 		iv *= 1024;
586 	case 'm': case 'M':
587 		iv *= 1024;
588 	case 'k': case 'K':
589 		iv *= 1024;
590 	case '\0':
591 		break;
592 	default:
593 		return (0);
594 	}
595 	*data = iv;
596 	return (1);
597 }
598 
599 /*
600  * Find the next entry after the one which (cp) falls within, return a
601  * pointer to its start or NULL if there are no more.
602  */
603 static char *
604 kernenv_next(char *cp)
605 {
606 
607 	if (cp != NULL) {
608 		while (*cp != 0)
609 			cp++;
610 		cp++;
611 		if (*cp == 0)
612 			cp = NULL;
613 	}
614 	return (cp);
615 }
616 
617 void
618 tunable_int_init(void *data)
619 {
620 	struct tunable_int *d = (struct tunable_int *)data;
621 
622 	TUNABLE_INT_FETCH(d->path, d->var);
623 }
624 
625 void
626 tunable_long_init(void *data)
627 {
628 	struct tunable_long *d = (struct tunable_long *)data;
629 
630 	TUNABLE_LONG_FETCH(d->path, d->var);
631 }
632 
633 void
634 tunable_ulong_init(void *data)
635 {
636 	struct tunable_ulong *d = (struct tunable_ulong *)data;
637 
638 	TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH(d->path, d->var);
639 }
640 
641 void
642 tunable_quad_init(void *data)
643 {
644 	struct tunable_quad *d = (struct tunable_quad *)data;
645 
646 	TUNABLE_QUAD_FETCH(d->path, d->var);
647 }
648 
649 void
650 tunable_str_init(void *data)
651 {
652 	struct tunable_str *d = (struct tunable_str *)data;
653 
654 	TUNABLE_STR_FETCH(d->path, d->var, d->size);
655 }
656