xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_environment.c (revision 0b3105a37d7adcadcb720112fed4dc4e8040be99)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Michael Smith
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 /*
28  * The unified bootloader passes us a pointer to a preserved copy of
29  * bootstrap/kernel environment variables.  We convert them to a
30  * dynamic array of strings later when the VM subsystem is up.
31  *
32  * We make these available through the kenv(2) syscall for userland
33  * and through kern_getenv()/freeenv() kern_setenv() kern_unsetenv() testenv() for
34  * the kernel.
35  */
36 
37 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
39 
40 #include <sys/types.h>
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/proc.h>
43 #include <sys/queue.h>
44 #include <sys/lock.h>
45 #include <sys/malloc.h>
46 #include <sys/mutex.h>
47 #include <sys/priv.h>
48 #include <sys/kernel.h>
49 #include <sys/systm.h>
50 #include <sys/sysent.h>
51 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
52 #include <sys/libkern.h>
53 #include <sys/kenv.h>
54 
55 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
56 
57 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_KENV, "kenv", "kernel environment");
58 
59 #define KENV_SIZE	512	/* Maximum number of environment strings */
60 
61 /* pointer to the static environment */
62 char		*kern_envp;
63 static int	env_len;
64 static int	env_pos;
65 static char	*kernenv_next(char *);
66 
67 /* dynamic environment variables */
68 char		**kenvp;
69 struct mtx	kenv_lock;
70 
71 /*
72  * No need to protect this with a mutex since SYSINITS are single threaded.
73  */
74 int	dynamic_kenv = 0;
75 
76 #define KENV_CHECK	if (!dynamic_kenv) \
77 			    panic("%s: called before SI_SUB_KMEM", __func__)
78 
79 int
80 sys_kenv(td, uap)
81 	struct thread *td;
82 	struct kenv_args /* {
83 		int what;
84 		const char *name;
85 		char *value;
86 		int len;
87 	} */ *uap;
88 {
89 	char *name, *value, *buffer = NULL;
90 	size_t len, done, needed, buflen;
91 	int error, i;
92 
93 	KASSERT(dynamic_kenv, ("kenv: dynamic_kenv = 0"));
94 
95 	error = 0;
96 	if (uap->what == KENV_DUMP) {
97 #ifdef MAC
98 		error = mac_kenv_check_dump(td->td_ucred);
99 		if (error)
100 			return (error);
101 #endif
102 		done = needed = 0;
103 		buflen = uap->len;
104 		if (buflen > KENV_SIZE * (KENV_MNAMELEN + KENV_MVALLEN + 2))
105 			buflen = KENV_SIZE * (KENV_MNAMELEN +
106 			    KENV_MVALLEN + 2);
107 		if (uap->len > 0 && uap->value != NULL)
108 			buffer = malloc(buflen, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
109 		mtx_lock(&kenv_lock);
110 		for (i = 0; kenvp[i] != NULL; i++) {
111 			len = strlen(kenvp[i]) + 1;
112 			needed += len;
113 			len = min(len, buflen - done);
114 			/*
115 			 * If called with a NULL or insufficiently large
116 			 * buffer, just keep computing the required size.
117 			 */
118 			if (uap->value != NULL && buffer != NULL && len > 0) {
119 				bcopy(kenvp[i], buffer + done, len);
120 				done += len;
121 			}
122 		}
123 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
124 		if (buffer != NULL) {
125 			error = copyout(buffer, uap->value, done);
126 			free(buffer, M_TEMP);
127 		}
128 		td->td_retval[0] = ((done == needed) ? 0 : needed);
129 		return (error);
130 	}
131 
132 	switch (uap->what) {
133 	case KENV_SET:
134 		error = priv_check(td, PRIV_KENV_SET);
135 		if (error)
136 			return (error);
137 		break;
138 
139 	case KENV_UNSET:
140 		error = priv_check(td, PRIV_KENV_UNSET);
141 		if (error)
142 			return (error);
143 		break;
144 	}
145 
146 	name = malloc(KENV_MNAMELEN + 1, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
147 
148 	error = copyinstr(uap->name, name, KENV_MNAMELEN + 1, NULL);
149 	if (error)
150 		goto done;
151 
152 	switch (uap->what) {
153 	case KENV_GET:
154 #ifdef MAC
155 		error = mac_kenv_check_get(td->td_ucred, name);
156 		if (error)
157 			goto done;
158 #endif
159 		value = kern_getenv(name);
160 		if (value == NULL) {
161 			error = ENOENT;
162 			goto done;
163 		}
164 		len = strlen(value) + 1;
165 		if (len > uap->len)
166 			len = uap->len;
167 		error = copyout(value, uap->value, len);
168 		freeenv(value);
169 		if (error)
170 			goto done;
171 		td->td_retval[0] = len;
172 		break;
173 	case KENV_SET:
174 		len = uap->len;
175 		if (len < 1) {
176 			error = EINVAL;
177 			goto done;
178 		}
179 		if (len > KENV_MVALLEN + 1)
180 			len = KENV_MVALLEN + 1;
181 		value = malloc(len, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
182 		error = copyinstr(uap->value, value, len, NULL);
183 		if (error) {
184 			free(value, M_TEMP);
185 			goto done;
186 		}
187 #ifdef MAC
188 		error = mac_kenv_check_set(td->td_ucred, name, value);
189 		if (error == 0)
190 #endif
191 			kern_setenv(name, value);
192 		free(value, M_TEMP);
193 		break;
194 	case KENV_UNSET:
195 #ifdef MAC
196 		error = mac_kenv_check_unset(td->td_ucred, name);
197 		if (error)
198 			goto done;
199 #endif
200 		error = kern_unsetenv(name);
201 		if (error)
202 			error = ENOENT;
203 		break;
204 	default:
205 		error = EINVAL;
206 		break;
207 	}
208 done:
209 	free(name, M_TEMP);
210 	return (error);
211 }
212 
213 /*
214  * Populate the initial kernel environment.
215  *
216  * This is called very early in MD startup, either to provide a copy of the
217  * environment obtained from a boot loader, or to provide an empty buffer into
218  * which MD code can store an initial environment using kern_setenv() calls.
219  *
220  * When a copy of an initial environment is passed in, we start by scanning that
221  * env for overrides to the compiled-in envmode and hintmode variables.
222  *
223  * If the global envmode is 1, the environment is initialized from the global
224  * static_env[], regardless of the arguments passed.  This implements the env
225  * keyword described in config(5).  In this case env_pos is set to env_len,
226  * causing kern_setenv() to return -1 (if len > 0) or panic (if len == 0) until
227  * the dynamic environment is available.  The envmode and static_env variables
228  * are defined in env.c which is generated by config(8).
229  *
230  * If len is non-zero, the caller is providing an empty buffer.  The caller will
231  * subsequently use kern_setenv() to add up to len bytes of initial environment
232  * before the dynamic environment is available.
233  *
234  * If len is zero, the caller is providing a pre-loaded buffer containing
235  * environment strings.  Additional strings cannot be added until the dynamic
236  * environment is available.  The memory pointed to must remain stable at least
237  * until sysinit runs init_dynamic_kenv().  If no initial environment is
238  * available from the boot loader, passing a NULL pointer allows the static_env
239  * to be installed if it is configured.
240  */
241 void
242 init_static_kenv(char *buf, size_t len)
243 {
244 	char *cp;
245 
246 	for (cp = buf; cp != NULL && cp[0] != '\0'; cp += strlen(cp) + 1) {
247 		if (strcmp(cp, "static_env.disabled=1") == 0)
248 			envmode = 0;
249 		if (strcmp(cp, "static_hints.disabled=1") == 0)
250 			hintmode = 0;
251 	}
252 
253 	if (envmode == 1) {
254 		kern_envp = static_env;
255 		env_len = len;
256 		env_pos = len;
257 	} else {
258 		kern_envp = buf;
259 		env_len = len;
260 		env_pos = 0;
261 	}
262 }
263 
264 /*
265  * Setup the dynamic kernel environment.
266  */
267 static void
268 init_dynamic_kenv(void *data __unused)
269 {
270 	char *cp, *cpnext;
271 	size_t len;
272 	int i;
273 
274 	kenvp = malloc((KENV_SIZE + 1) * sizeof(char *), M_KENV,
275 		M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
276 	i = 0;
277 	if (kern_envp && *kern_envp != '\0') {
278 		for (cp = kern_envp; cp != NULL; cp = cpnext) {
279 			cpnext = kernenv_next(cp);
280 			len = strlen(cp) + 1;
281 			if (len > KENV_MNAMELEN + 1 + KENV_MVALLEN + 1) {
282 				printf(
283 				"WARNING: too long kenv string, ignoring %s\n",
284 				    cp);
285 				continue;
286 			}
287 			if (i < KENV_SIZE) {
288 				kenvp[i] = malloc(len, M_KENV, M_WAITOK);
289 				strcpy(kenvp[i++], cp);
290 				memset(cp, 0, strlen(cp));
291 			} else
292 				printf(
293 				"WARNING: too many kenv strings, ignoring %s\n",
294 				    cp);
295 		}
296 	}
297 	kenvp[i] = NULL;
298 
299 	mtx_init(&kenv_lock, "kernel environment", NULL, MTX_DEF);
300 	dynamic_kenv = 1;
301 }
302 SYSINIT(kenv, SI_SUB_KMEM, SI_ORDER_ANY, init_dynamic_kenv, NULL);
303 
304 void
305 freeenv(char *env)
306 {
307 
308 	if (dynamic_kenv && env != NULL) {
309 		memset(env, 0, strlen(env));
310 		free(env, M_KENV);
311 	}
312 }
313 
314 /*
315  * Internal functions for string lookup.
316  */
317 static char *
318 _getenv_dynamic(const char *name, int *idx)
319 {
320 	char *cp;
321 	int len, i;
322 
323 	mtx_assert(&kenv_lock, MA_OWNED);
324 	len = strlen(name);
325 	for (cp = kenvp[0], i = 0; cp != NULL; cp = kenvp[++i]) {
326 		if ((strncmp(cp, name, len) == 0) &&
327 		    (cp[len] == '=')) {
328 			if (idx != NULL)
329 				*idx = i;
330 			return (cp + len + 1);
331 		}
332 	}
333 	return (NULL);
334 }
335 
336 static char *
337 _getenv_static(const char *name)
338 {
339 	char *cp, *ep;
340 	int len;
341 
342 	for (cp = kern_envp; cp != NULL; cp = kernenv_next(cp)) {
343 		for (ep = cp; (*ep != '=') && (*ep != 0); ep++)
344 			;
345 		if (*ep != '=')
346 			continue;
347 		len = ep - cp;
348 		ep++;
349 		if (!strncmp(name, cp, len) && name[len] == 0)
350 			return (ep);
351 	}
352 	return (NULL);
353 }
354 
355 /*
356  * Look up an environment variable by name.
357  * Return a pointer to the string if found.
358  * The pointer has to be freed with freeenv()
359  * after use.
360  */
361 char *
362 kern_getenv(const char *name)
363 {
364 	char buf[KENV_MNAMELEN + 1 + KENV_MVALLEN + 1];
365 	char *ret;
366 
367 	if (dynamic_kenv) {
368 		if (getenv_string(name, buf, sizeof(buf))) {
369 			ret = strdup(buf, M_KENV);
370 		} else {
371 			ret = NULL;
372 			WITNESS_WARN(WARN_GIANTOK | WARN_SLEEPOK, NULL,
373 			    "getenv");
374 		}
375 	} else
376 		ret = _getenv_static(name);
377 	return (ret);
378 }
379 
380 /*
381  * Test if an environment variable is defined.
382  */
383 int
384 testenv(const char *name)
385 {
386 	char *cp;
387 
388 	if (dynamic_kenv) {
389 		mtx_lock(&kenv_lock);
390 		cp = _getenv_dynamic(name, NULL);
391 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
392 	} else
393 		cp = _getenv_static(name);
394 	if (cp != NULL)
395 		return (1);
396 	return (0);
397 }
398 
399 static int
400 setenv_static(const char *name, const char *value)
401 {
402 	int len;
403 
404 	if (env_pos >= env_len)
405 		return (-1);
406 
407 	/* Check space for x=y and two nuls */
408 	len = strlen(name) + strlen(value);
409 	if (len + 3 < env_len - env_pos) {
410 		len = sprintf(&kern_envp[env_pos], "%s=%s", name, value);
411 		env_pos += len+1;
412 		kern_envp[env_pos] = '\0';
413 		return (0);
414 	} else
415 		return (-1);
416 
417 }
418 
419 /*
420  * Set an environment variable by name.
421  */
422 int
423 kern_setenv(const char *name, const char *value)
424 {
425 	char *buf, *cp, *oldenv;
426 	int namelen, vallen, i;
427 
428 	if (dynamic_kenv == 0 && env_len > 0)
429 		return (setenv_static(name, value));
430 
431 	KENV_CHECK;
432 
433 	namelen = strlen(name) + 1;
434 	if (namelen > KENV_MNAMELEN + 1)
435 		return (-1);
436 	vallen = strlen(value) + 1;
437 	if (vallen > KENV_MVALLEN + 1)
438 		return (-1);
439 	buf = malloc(namelen + vallen, M_KENV, M_WAITOK);
440 	sprintf(buf, "%s=%s", name, value);
441 
442 	mtx_lock(&kenv_lock);
443 	cp = _getenv_dynamic(name, &i);
444 	if (cp != NULL) {
445 		oldenv = kenvp[i];
446 		kenvp[i] = buf;
447 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
448 		free(oldenv, M_KENV);
449 	} else {
450 		/* We add the option if it wasn't found */
451 		for (i = 0; (cp = kenvp[i]) != NULL; i++)
452 			;
453 
454 		/* Bounds checking */
455 		if (i < 0 || i >= KENV_SIZE) {
456 			free(buf, M_KENV);
457 			mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
458 			return (-1);
459 		}
460 
461 		kenvp[i] = buf;
462 		kenvp[i + 1] = NULL;
463 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
464 	}
465 	return (0);
466 }
467 
468 /*
469  * Unset an environment variable string.
470  */
471 int
472 kern_unsetenv(const char *name)
473 {
474 	char *cp, *oldenv;
475 	int i, j;
476 
477 	KENV_CHECK;
478 
479 	mtx_lock(&kenv_lock);
480 	cp = _getenv_dynamic(name, &i);
481 	if (cp != NULL) {
482 		oldenv = kenvp[i];
483 		for (j = i + 1; kenvp[j] != NULL; j++)
484 			kenvp[i++] = kenvp[j];
485 		kenvp[i] = NULL;
486 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
487 		memset(oldenv, 0, strlen(oldenv));
488 		free(oldenv, M_KENV);
489 		return (0);
490 	}
491 	mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
492 	return (-1);
493 }
494 
495 /*
496  * Return a string value from an environment variable.
497  */
498 int
499 getenv_string(const char *name, char *data, int size)
500 {
501 	char *cp;
502 
503 	if (dynamic_kenv) {
504 		mtx_lock(&kenv_lock);
505 		cp = _getenv_dynamic(name, NULL);
506 		if (cp != NULL)
507 			strlcpy(data, cp, size);
508 		mtx_unlock(&kenv_lock);
509 	} else {
510 		cp = _getenv_static(name);
511 		if (cp != NULL)
512 			strlcpy(data, cp, size);
513 	}
514 	return (cp != NULL);
515 }
516 
517 /*
518  * Return an integer value from an environment variable.
519  */
520 int
521 getenv_int(const char *name, int *data)
522 {
523 	quad_t tmp;
524 	int rval;
525 
526 	rval = getenv_quad(name, &tmp);
527 	if (rval)
528 		*data = (int) tmp;
529 	return (rval);
530 }
531 
532 /*
533  * Return an unsigned integer value from an environment variable.
534  */
535 int
536 getenv_uint(const char *name, unsigned int *data)
537 {
538 	quad_t tmp;
539 	int rval;
540 
541 	rval = getenv_quad(name, &tmp);
542 	if (rval)
543 		*data = (unsigned int) tmp;
544 	return (rval);
545 }
546 
547 /*
548  * Return a long value from an environment variable.
549  */
550 int
551 getenv_long(const char *name, long *data)
552 {
553 	quad_t tmp;
554 	int rval;
555 
556 	rval = getenv_quad(name, &tmp);
557 	if (rval)
558 		*data = (long) tmp;
559 	return (rval);
560 }
561 
562 /*
563  * Return an unsigned long value from an environment variable.
564  */
565 int
566 getenv_ulong(const char *name, unsigned long *data)
567 {
568 	quad_t tmp;
569 	int rval;
570 
571 	rval = getenv_quad(name, &tmp);
572 	if (rval)
573 		*data = (unsigned long) tmp;
574 	return (rval);
575 }
576 
577 /*
578  * Return a quad_t value from an environment variable.
579  */
580 int
581 getenv_quad(const char *name, quad_t *data)
582 {
583 	char	value[KENV_MNAMELEN + 1 + KENV_MVALLEN + 1];
584 	char	*vtp;
585 	quad_t	iv;
586 
587 	if (!getenv_string(name, value, sizeof(value)))
588 		return (0);
589 	iv = strtoq(value, &vtp, 0);
590 	if (vtp == value || (vtp[0] != '\0' && vtp[1] != '\0'))
591 		return (0);
592 	switch (vtp[0]) {
593 	case 't': case 'T':
594 		iv *= 1024;
595 	case 'g': case 'G':
596 		iv *= 1024;
597 	case 'm': case 'M':
598 		iv *= 1024;
599 	case 'k': case 'K':
600 		iv *= 1024;
601 	case '\0':
602 		break;
603 	default:
604 		return (0);
605 	}
606 	*data = iv;
607 	return (1);
608 }
609 
610 /*
611  * Find the next entry after the one which (cp) falls within, return a
612  * pointer to its start or NULL if there are no more.
613  */
614 static char *
615 kernenv_next(char *cp)
616 {
617 
618 	if (cp != NULL) {
619 		while (*cp != 0)
620 			cp++;
621 		cp++;
622 		if (*cp == 0)
623 			cp = NULL;
624 	}
625 	return (cp);
626 }
627 
628 void
629 tunable_int_init(void *data)
630 {
631 	struct tunable_int *d = (struct tunable_int *)data;
632 
633 	TUNABLE_INT_FETCH(d->path, d->var);
634 }
635 
636 void
637 tunable_long_init(void *data)
638 {
639 	struct tunable_long *d = (struct tunable_long *)data;
640 
641 	TUNABLE_LONG_FETCH(d->path, d->var);
642 }
643 
644 void
645 tunable_ulong_init(void *data)
646 {
647 	struct tunable_ulong *d = (struct tunable_ulong *)data;
648 
649 	TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH(d->path, d->var);
650 }
651 
652 void
653 tunable_quad_init(void *data)
654 {
655 	struct tunable_quad *d = (struct tunable_quad *)data;
656 
657 	TUNABLE_QUAD_FETCH(d->path, d->var);
658 }
659 
660 void
661 tunable_str_init(void *data)
662 {
663 	struct tunable_str *d = (struct tunable_str *)data;
664 
665 	TUNABLE_STR_FETCH(d->path, d->var, d->size);
666 }
667