xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_acct.c (revision e627b39baccd1ec9129690167cf5e6d860509655)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou
3  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
4  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
5  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
6  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
7  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
8  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
9  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
22  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25  *    without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37  * SUCH DAMAGE.
38  *
39  *	@(#)kern_acct.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/14/93
40  *	$Id: kern_acct.c,v 1.9 1995/11/12 06:42:51 bde Exp $
41  */
42 
43 #include <sys/param.h>
44 #include <sys/systm.h>
45 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
46 #include <sys/proc.h>
47 #include <sys/mount.h>
48 #include <sys/vnode.h>
49 #include <sys/file.h>
50 #include <sys/syslog.h>
51 #include <sys/kernel.h>
52 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
53 #include <sys/namei.h>
54 #include <sys/errno.h>
55 #include <sys/acct.h>
56 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
57 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
58 #include <sys/tty.h>
59 
60 /*
61  * The routines implemented in this file are described in:
62  *      Leffler, et al.: The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD
63  *	    UNIX Operating System (Addison Welley, 1989)
64  * on pages 62-63.
65  *
66  * Arguably, to simplify accounting operations, this mechanism should
67  * be replaced by one in which an accounting log file (similar to /dev/klog)
68  * is read by a user process, etc.  However, that has its own problems.
69  */
70 
71 /*
72  * Internal accounting functions.
73  * The former's operation is described in Leffler, et al., and the latter
74  * was provided by UCB with the 4.4BSD-Lite release
75  */
76 static comp_t	encode_comp_t __P((u_long, u_long));
77 static void	acctwatch __P((void *));
78 
79 /*
80  * Accounting vnode pointer, and saved vnode pointer.
81  */
82 static struct	vnode *acctp;
83 static struct	vnode *savacctp;
84 
85 /*
86  * Values associated with enabling and disabling accounting
87  */
88 static int acctsuspend = 2;	/* stop accounting when < 2% free space left */
89 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, acct_suspend, CTLFLAG_RW,
90 	&acctsuspend, 0, "");
91 
92 static int acctresume = 4;	/* resume when free space risen to > 4% */
93 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, acct_resume, CTLFLAG_RW,
94 	&acctresume, 0, "");
95 
96 static int acctchkfreq = 15;	/* frequency (in seconds) to check space */
97 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, acct_chkfreq, CTLFLAG_RW,
98 	&acctchkfreq, 0, "");
99 
100 /*
101  * Accounting system call.  Written based on the specification and
102  * previous implementation done by Mark Tinguely.
103  */
104 #ifndef _SYS_SYSPROTO_H_
105 struct acct_args {
106 	char	*path;
107 };
108 
109 #endif
110 int
111 acct(p, uap, retval)
112 	struct proc *p;
113 	struct acct_args *uap;
114 	int *retval;
115 {
116 	struct nameidata nd;
117 	int error;
118 
119 	/* Make sure that the caller is root. */
120 	error = suser(p->p_ucred, &p->p_acflag);
121 	if (error)
122 		return (error);
123 
124 	/*
125 	 * If accounting is to be started to a file, open that file for
126 	 * writing and make sure it's a 'normal'.
127 	 */
128 	if (uap->path != NULL) {
129 		NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, NOFOLLOW, UIO_USERSPACE, uap->path, p);
130 		error = vn_open(&nd, FWRITE, 0);
131 		if (error)
132 			return (error);
133 		VOP_UNLOCK(nd.ni_vp);
134 		if (nd.ni_vp->v_type != VREG) {
135 			vn_close(nd.ni_vp, FWRITE, p->p_ucred, p);
136 			return (EACCES);
137 		}
138 	}
139 
140 	/*
141 	 * If accounting was previously enabled, kill the old space-watcher,
142 	 * close the file, and (if no new file was specified, leave).
143 	 */
144 	if (acctp != NULLVP || savacctp != NULLVP) {
145 		untimeout(acctwatch, NULL);
146 		error = vn_close((acctp != NULLVP ? acctp : savacctp), FWRITE,
147 		    p->p_ucred, p);
148 		acctp = savacctp = NULLVP;
149 	}
150 	if (uap->path == NULL)
151 		return (error);
152 
153 	/*
154 	 * Save the new accounting file vnode, and schedule the new
155 	 * free space watcher.
156 	 */
157 	acctp = nd.ni_vp;
158 	acctwatch(NULL);
159 	return (error);
160 }
161 
162 /*
163  * Write out process accounting information, on process exit.
164  * Data to be written out is specified in Leffler, et al.
165  * and are enumerated below.  (They're also noted in the system
166  * "acct.h" header file.)
167  */
168 
169 int
170 acct_process(p)
171 	struct proc *p;
172 {
173 	struct acct acct;
174 	struct rusage *r;
175 	struct timeval ut, st, tmp;
176 	int t;
177 	struct vnode *vp;
178 
179 	/* If accounting isn't enabled, don't bother */
180 	vp = acctp;
181 	if (vp == NULLVP)
182 		return (0);
183 
184 	/*
185 	 * Get process accounting information.
186 	 */
187 
188 	/* (1) The name of the command that ran */
189 	bcopy(p->p_comm, acct.ac_comm, sizeof acct.ac_comm);
190 
191 	/* (2) The amount of user and system time that was used */
192 	calcru(p, &ut, &st, NULL);
193 	acct.ac_utime = encode_comp_t(ut.tv_sec, ut.tv_usec);
194 	acct.ac_stime = encode_comp_t(st.tv_sec, st.tv_usec);
195 
196 	/* (3) The elapsed time the commmand ran (and its starting time) */
197 	acct.ac_btime = p->p_stats->p_start.tv_sec;
198 	microtime(&tmp);
199 	timevalsub(&tmp, &p->p_stats->p_start);
200 	acct.ac_etime = encode_comp_t(tmp.tv_sec, tmp.tv_usec);
201 
202 	/* (4) The average amount of memory used */
203 	r = &p->p_stats->p_ru;
204 	tmp = ut;
205 	timevaladd(&tmp, &st);
206 	t = tmp.tv_sec * hz + tmp.tv_usec / tick;
207 	if (t)
208 		acct.ac_mem = (r->ru_ixrss + r->ru_idrss + r->ru_isrss) / t;
209 	else
210 		acct.ac_mem = 0;
211 
212 	/* (5) The number of disk I/O operations done */
213 	acct.ac_io = encode_comp_t(r->ru_inblock + r->ru_oublock, 0);
214 
215 	/* (6) The UID and GID of the process */
216 	acct.ac_uid = p->p_cred->p_ruid;
217 	acct.ac_gid = p->p_cred->p_rgid;
218 
219 	/* (7) The terminal from which the process was started */
220 	if ((p->p_flag & P_CONTROLT) && p->p_pgrp->pg_session->s_ttyp)
221 		acct.ac_tty = p->p_pgrp->pg_session->s_ttyp->t_dev;
222 	else
223 		acct.ac_tty = NODEV;
224 
225 	/* (8) The boolean flags that tell how the process terminated, etc. */
226 	acct.ac_flag = p->p_acflag;
227 
228 	/*
229 	 * Now, just write the accounting information to the file.
230 	 */
231 	LEASE_CHECK(vp, p, p->p_ucred, LEASE_WRITE);
232 	return (vn_rdwr(UIO_WRITE, vp, (caddr_t)&acct, sizeof (acct),
233 	    (off_t)0, UIO_SYSSPACE, IO_APPEND|IO_UNIT, p->p_ucred,
234 	    (int *)0, p));
235 }
236 
237 /*
238  * Encode_comp_t converts from ticks in seconds and microseconds
239  * to ticks in 1/AHZ seconds.  The encoding is described in
240  * Leffler, et al., on page 63.
241  */
242 
243 #define	MANTSIZE	13			/* 13 bit mantissa. */
244 #define	EXPSIZE		3			/* Base 8 (3 bit) exponent. */
245 #define	MAXFRACT	((1 << MANTSIZE) - 1)	/* Maximum fractional value. */
246 
247 static comp_t
248 encode_comp_t(s, us)
249 	u_long s, us;
250 {
251 	int exp, rnd;
252 
253 	exp = 0;
254 	rnd = 0;
255 	s *= AHZ;
256 	s += us / (1000000 / AHZ);	/* Maximize precision. */
257 
258 	while (s > MAXFRACT) {
259 	rnd = s & (1 << (EXPSIZE - 1));	/* Round up? */
260 		s >>= EXPSIZE;		/* Base 8 exponent == 3 bit shift. */
261 		exp++;
262 	}
263 
264 	/* If we need to round up, do it (and handle overflow correctly). */
265 	if (rnd && (++s > MAXFRACT)) {
266 		s >>= EXPSIZE;
267 		exp++;
268 	}
269 
270 	/* Clean it up and polish it off. */
271 	exp <<= MANTSIZE;		/* Shift the exponent into place */
272 	exp += s;			/* and add on the mantissa. */
273 	return (exp);
274 }
275 
276 /*
277  * Periodically check the file system to see if accounting
278  * should be turned on or off.  Beware the case where the vnode
279  * has been vgone()'d out from underneath us, e.g. when the file
280  * system containing the accounting file has been forcibly unmounted.
281  */
282 /* ARGSUSED */
283 static void
284 acctwatch(a)
285 	void *a;
286 {
287 	struct statfs sb;
288 
289 	if (savacctp != NULLVP) {
290 		if (savacctp->v_type == VBAD) {
291 			(void) vn_close(savacctp, FWRITE, NOCRED, NULL);
292 			savacctp = NULLVP;
293 			return;
294 		}
295 		(void)VFS_STATFS(savacctp->v_mount, &sb, (struct proc *)0);
296 		if (sb.f_bavail > acctresume * sb.f_blocks / 100) {
297 			acctp = savacctp;
298 			savacctp = NULLVP;
299 			log(LOG_NOTICE, "Accounting resumed\n");
300 		}
301 	} else if (acctp != NULLVP) {
302 		if (acctp->v_type == VBAD) {
303 			(void) vn_close(acctp, FWRITE, NOCRED, NULL);
304 			acctp = NULLVP;
305 			return;
306 		}
307 		(void)VFS_STATFS(acctp->v_mount, &sb, (struct proc *)0);
308 		if (sb.f_bavail <= acctsuspend * sb.f_blocks / 100) {
309 			savacctp = acctp;
310 			acctp = NULLVP;
311 			log(LOG_NOTICE, "Accounting suspended\n");
312 		}
313 	} else
314 		return;
315 	timeout(acctwatch, NULL, acctchkfreq * hz);
316 }
317