xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_acct.c (revision a220d00e74dd245b4fca59c5eca0c53963686325)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou
3  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
4  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
5  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
6  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
7  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
8  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
9  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
22  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25  *    without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37  * SUCH DAMAGE.
38  *
39  *	@(#)kern_acct.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/14/93
40  * $FreeBSD$
41  */
42 
43 #include <sys/param.h>
44 #include <sys/systm.h>
45 #include <sys/lock.h>
46 #include <sys/mutex.h>
47 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 #include <sys/mount.h>
50 #include <sys/vnode.h>
51 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
52 #include <sys/syslog.h>
53 #include <sys/kernel.h>
54 #include <sys/sysent.h>
55 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
56 #include <sys/namei.h>
57 #include <sys/acct.h>
58 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
59 #include <sys/tty.h>
60 
61 /*
62  * The routines implemented in this file are described in:
63  *      Leffler, et al.: The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD
64  *	    UNIX Operating System (Addison Welley, 1989)
65  * on pages 62-63.
66  *
67  * Arguably, to simplify accounting operations, this mechanism should
68  * be replaced by one in which an accounting log file (similar to /dev/klog)
69  * is read by a user process, etc.  However, that has its own problems.
70  */
71 
72 /*
73  * Internal accounting functions.
74  * The former's operation is described in Leffler, et al., and the latter
75  * was provided by UCB with the 4.4BSD-Lite release
76  */
77 static comp_t	encode_comp_t __P((u_long, u_long));
78 static void	acctwatch __P((void *));
79 
80 /*
81  * Accounting callout used for periodic scheduling of acctwatch.
82  */
83 static struct	callout acctwatch_callout;
84 
85 /*
86  * Accounting vnode pointer, and saved vnode pointer.
87  */
88 static struct	vnode *acctp;
89 static struct	vnode *savacctp;
90 
91 /*
92  * Values associated with enabling and disabling accounting
93  */
94 static int acctsuspend = 2;	/* stop accounting when < 2% free space left */
95 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, acct_suspend, CTLFLAG_RW,
96 	&acctsuspend, 0, "percentage of free disk space below which accounting stops");
97 
98 static int acctresume = 4;	/* resume when free space risen to > 4% */
99 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, acct_resume, CTLFLAG_RW,
100 	&acctresume, 0, "percentage of free disk space above which accounting resumes");
101 
102 static int acctchkfreq = 15;	/* frequency (in seconds) to check space */
103 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, acct_chkfreq, CTLFLAG_RW,
104 	&acctchkfreq, 0, "frequency for checking the free space");
105 
106 /*
107  * Accounting system call.  Written based on the specification and
108  * previous implementation done by Mark Tinguely.
109  *
110  * MPSAFE
111  */
112 int
113 acct(td, uap)
114 	struct thread *td;
115 	struct acct_args /* {
116 		syscallarg(char *) path;
117 	} */ *uap;
118 {
119 	struct nameidata nd;
120 	int error, flags;
121 
122 	mtx_lock(&Giant);
123 	if (td != curthread)
124 		panic("acct");		/* XXXKSE DIAGNOSTIC */
125 	/* Make sure that the caller is root. */
126 	error = suser_xxx(td->td_proc->p_ucred, NULL, 0);
127 	if (error)
128 		goto done2;
129 
130 	/*
131 	 * If accounting is to be started to a file, open that file for
132 	 * writing and make sure it's a 'normal'.
133 	 */
134 	if (SCARG(uap, path) != NULL) {
135 		NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, NOFOLLOW, UIO_USERSPACE, SCARG(uap, path),
136 		       td);
137 		flags = FWRITE;
138 		error = vn_open(&nd, &flags, 0);
139 		if (error)
140 			goto done2;
141 		NDFREE(&nd, NDF_ONLY_PNBUF);
142 		VOP_UNLOCK(nd.ni_vp, 0, td);
143 		if (nd.ni_vp->v_type != VREG) {
144 			vn_close(nd.ni_vp, FWRITE, td->td_proc->p_ucred, td);
145 			error = EACCES;
146 			goto done2;
147 		}
148 	}
149 
150 	/*
151 	 * If accounting was previously enabled, kill the old space-watcher,
152 	 * close the file, and (if no new file was specified, leave).
153 	 */
154 	if (acctp != NULLVP || savacctp != NULLVP) {
155 		callout_stop(&acctwatch_callout);
156 		error = vn_close((acctp != NULLVP ? acctp : savacctp), FWRITE,
157 		    td->td_proc->p_ucred, td);
158 		acctp = savacctp = NULLVP;
159 	}
160 	if (SCARG(uap, path) == NULL)
161 		goto done2;
162 
163 	/*
164 	 * Save the new accounting file vnode, and schedule the new
165 	 * free space watcher.
166 	 */
167 	acctp = nd.ni_vp;
168 	callout_init(&acctwatch_callout, 0);
169 	acctwatch(NULL);
170 done2:
171 	mtx_unlock(&Giant);
172 	return (error);
173 }
174 
175 /*
176  * Write out process accounting information, on process exit.
177  * Data to be written out is specified in Leffler, et al.
178  * and are enumerated below.  (They're also noted in the system
179  * "acct.h" header file.)
180  */
181 
182 int
183 acct_process(td)
184 	struct thread *td;
185 {
186 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
187 	struct acct acct;
188 	struct rusage *r;
189 	struct timeval ut, st, tmp;
190 	int t;
191 	struct vnode *vp;
192 
193 	/* If accounting isn't enabled, don't bother */
194 	vp = acctp;
195 	if (vp == NULLVP)
196 		return (0);
197 
198 	/*
199 	 * Get process accounting information.
200 	 */
201 
202 	/* (1) The name of the command that ran */
203 	bcopy(p->p_comm, acct.ac_comm, sizeof acct.ac_comm);
204 
205 	/* (2) The amount of user and system time that was used */
206 	mtx_lock_spin(&sched_lock);
207 	calcru(p, &ut, &st, NULL);
208 	mtx_unlock_spin(&sched_lock);
209 	acct.ac_utime = encode_comp_t(ut.tv_sec, ut.tv_usec);
210 	acct.ac_stime = encode_comp_t(st.tv_sec, st.tv_usec);
211 
212 	/* (3) The elapsed time the commmand ran (and its starting time) */
213 	acct.ac_btime = p->p_stats->p_start.tv_sec;
214 	microtime(&tmp);
215 	timevalsub(&tmp, &p->p_stats->p_start);
216 	acct.ac_etime = encode_comp_t(tmp.tv_sec, tmp.tv_usec);
217 
218 	/* (4) The average amount of memory used */
219 	r = &p->p_stats->p_ru;
220 	tmp = ut;
221 	timevaladd(&tmp, &st);
222 	t = tmp.tv_sec * hz + tmp.tv_usec / tick;
223 	if (t)
224 		acct.ac_mem = (r->ru_ixrss + r->ru_idrss + r->ru_isrss) / t;
225 	else
226 		acct.ac_mem = 0;
227 
228 	/* (5) The number of disk I/O operations done */
229 	acct.ac_io = encode_comp_t(r->ru_inblock + r->ru_oublock, 0);
230 
231 	/* (6) The UID and GID of the process */
232 	acct.ac_uid = p->p_ucred->cr_ruid;
233 	acct.ac_gid = p->p_ucred->cr_rgid;
234 
235 	/* (7) The terminal from which the process was started */
236 	if ((p->p_flag & P_CONTROLT) && p->p_pgrp->pg_session->s_ttyp)
237 		acct.ac_tty = dev2udev(p->p_pgrp->pg_session->s_ttyp->t_dev);
238 	else
239 		acct.ac_tty = NOUDEV;
240 
241 	/* (8) The boolean flags that tell how the process terminated, etc. */
242 	acct.ac_flag = p->p_acflag;
243 
244 	/*
245 	 * Eliminate any file size rlimit.
246 	 */
247 	if (p->p_limit->p_refcnt > 1 &&
248 	    (p->p_limit->p_lflags & PL_SHAREMOD) == 0) {
249 		p->p_limit->p_refcnt--;
250 		p->p_limit = limcopy(p->p_limit);
251 	}
252 	p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_FSIZE].rlim_cur = RLIM_INFINITY;
253 
254 	/*
255 	 * Write the accounting information to the file.
256 	 */
257 	VOP_LEASE(vp, td, td->td_proc->p_ucred, LEASE_WRITE);
258 	return (vn_rdwr(UIO_WRITE, vp, (caddr_t)&acct, sizeof (acct),
259 	    (off_t)0, UIO_SYSSPACE, IO_APPEND|IO_UNIT, td->td_proc->p_ucred,
260 	    (int *)0, td));
261 }
262 
263 /*
264  * Encode_comp_t converts from ticks in seconds and microseconds
265  * to ticks in 1/AHZ seconds.  The encoding is described in
266  * Leffler, et al., on page 63.
267  */
268 
269 #define	MANTSIZE	13			/* 13 bit mantissa. */
270 #define	EXPSIZE		3			/* Base 8 (3 bit) exponent. */
271 #define	MAXFRACT	((1 << MANTSIZE) - 1)	/* Maximum fractional value. */
272 
273 static comp_t
274 encode_comp_t(s, us)
275 	u_long s, us;
276 {
277 	int exp, rnd;
278 
279 	exp = 0;
280 	rnd = 0;
281 	s *= AHZ;
282 	s += us / (1000000 / AHZ);	/* Maximize precision. */
283 
284 	while (s > MAXFRACT) {
285 	rnd = s & (1 << (EXPSIZE - 1));	/* Round up? */
286 		s >>= EXPSIZE;		/* Base 8 exponent == 3 bit shift. */
287 		exp++;
288 	}
289 
290 	/* If we need to round up, do it (and handle overflow correctly). */
291 	if (rnd && (++s > MAXFRACT)) {
292 		s >>= EXPSIZE;
293 		exp++;
294 	}
295 
296 	/* Clean it up and polish it off. */
297 	exp <<= MANTSIZE;		/* Shift the exponent into place */
298 	exp += s;			/* and add on the mantissa. */
299 	return (exp);
300 }
301 
302 /*
303  * Periodically check the file system to see if accounting
304  * should be turned on or off.  Beware the case where the vnode
305  * has been vgone()'d out from underneath us, e.g. when the file
306  * system containing the accounting file has been forcibly unmounted.
307  */
308 /* ARGSUSED */
309 static void
310 acctwatch(a)
311 	void *a;
312 {
313 	struct statfs sb;
314 
315 	if (savacctp != NULLVP) {
316 		if (savacctp->v_type == VBAD) {
317 			(void) vn_close(savacctp, FWRITE, NOCRED, NULL);
318 			savacctp = NULLVP;
319 			return;
320 		}
321 		(void)VFS_STATFS(savacctp->v_mount, &sb, (struct thread *)0);
322 		if (sb.f_bavail > acctresume * sb.f_blocks / 100) {
323 			acctp = savacctp;
324 			savacctp = NULLVP;
325 			log(LOG_NOTICE, "Accounting resumed\n");
326 		}
327 	} else {
328 		if (acctp == NULLVP)
329 			return;
330 		if (acctp->v_type == VBAD) {
331 			(void) vn_close(acctp, FWRITE, NOCRED, NULL);
332 			acctp = NULLVP;
333 			return;
334 		}
335 		(void)VFS_STATFS(acctp->v_mount, &sb, (struct thread *)0);
336 		if (sb.f_bavail <= acctsuspend * sb.f_blocks / 100) {
337 			savacctp = acctp;
338 			acctp = NULLVP;
339 			log(LOG_NOTICE, "Accounting suspended\n");
340 		}
341 	}
342 	callout_reset(&acctwatch_callout, acctchkfreq * hz, acctwatch, NULL);
343 }
344