1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 12 * 13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 15 * are met: 16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 22 * must display the following acknowledgement: 23 * This product includes software developed by the University of 24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 27 * without specific prior written permission. 28 * 29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 39 * SUCH DAMAGE. 40 * 41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 42 * $FreeBSD$ 43 */ 44 45 #include "opt_init_path.h" 46 47 #include <sys/param.h> 48 #include <sys/file.h> 49 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 50 #include <sys/kernel.h> 51 #include <sys/ktr.h> 52 #include <sys/lock.h> 53 #include <sys/mount.h> 54 #include <sys/mutex.h> 55 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 56 #include <sys/proc.h> 57 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 58 #include <sys/systm.h> 59 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 60 #include <sys/vnode.h> 61 #include <sys/sysent.h> 62 #include <sys/reboot.h> 63 #include <sys/sx.h> 64 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 65 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 66 #include <sys/unistd.h> 67 #include <sys/malloc.h> 68 #include <sys/conf.h> 69 70 #include <machine/cpu.h> 71 #include <machine/globals.h> 72 73 #include <vm/vm.h> 74 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 75 #include <vm/pmap.h> 76 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 77 #include <sys/user.h> 78 #include <sys/copyright.h> 79 80 extern struct linker_set sysinit_set; /* XXX */ 81 82 void mi_startup(void); /* Should be elsewhere */ 83 84 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 85 static struct session session0; 86 static struct pgrp pgrp0; 87 struct proc proc0; 88 static struct pcred cred0; 89 static struct procsig procsig0; 90 static struct filedesc0 filedesc0; 91 static struct plimit limit0; 92 static struct vmspace vmspace0; 93 struct proc *initproc; 94 95 int cmask = CMASK; 96 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 97 extern int fallback_elf_brand; 98 99 struct vnode *rootvp; 100 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */ 101 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, boothowto, CTLFLAG_RD, &boothowto, 0, ""); 102 int bootverbose; 103 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, bootverbose, CTLFLAG_RW, &bootverbose, 0, ""); 104 105 /* 106 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set 107 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never 108 * executed. 109 */ 110 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY, SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL) 111 112 /* 113 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run. 114 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit. 115 */ 116 struct sysinit **sysinit = (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items; 117 struct sysinit **newsysinit; 118 119 /* 120 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if 121 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running. 122 */ 123 void 124 sysinit_add(struct sysinit **set) 125 { 126 struct sysinit **newset; 127 struct sysinit **sipp; 128 struct sysinit **xipp; 129 int count = 0; 130 131 if (newsysinit) 132 for (sipp = newsysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 133 count++; 134 else 135 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 136 count++; 137 for (sipp = set; *sipp; sipp++) 138 count++; 139 count++; /* Trailing NULL */ 140 newset = malloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT); 141 if (newset == NULL) 142 panic("cannot malloc for sysinit"); 143 xipp = newset; 144 if (newsysinit) 145 for (sipp = newsysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 146 *xipp++ = *sipp; 147 else 148 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 149 *xipp++ = *sipp; 150 for (sipp = set; *sipp; sipp++) 151 *xipp++ = *sipp; 152 *xipp = NULL; 153 if (newsysinit) 154 free(newsysinit, M_TEMP); 155 newsysinit = newset; 156 } 157 158 /* 159 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 160 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 161 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 162 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 163 * 164 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require 165 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem 166 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object 167 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads". 168 */ 169 void 170 mi_startup(void) 171 { 172 173 register struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/ 174 register struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/ 175 register struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/ 176 177 restart: 178 /* 179 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by 180 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key). 181 */ 182 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) { 183 for (xipp = sipp + 1; *xipp; xipp++) { 184 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem || 185 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem && 186 (*sipp)->order <= (*xipp)->order)) 187 continue; /* skip*/ 188 save = *sipp; 189 *sipp = *xipp; 190 *xipp = save; 191 } 192 } 193 194 /* 195 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks. 196 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task. 197 * 198 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler, 199 * which will not return. 200 */ 201 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) { 202 203 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY) 204 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/ 205 206 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DONE) 207 continue; 208 209 /* Call function */ 210 (*((*sipp)->func))((*sipp)->udata); 211 212 /* Check off the one we're just done */ 213 (*sipp)->subsystem = SI_SUB_DONE; 214 215 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */ 216 if (newsysinit != NULL) { 217 if (sysinit != (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items) 218 free(sysinit, M_TEMP); 219 sysinit = newsysinit; 220 newsysinit = NULL; 221 goto restart; 222 } 223 } 224 225 panic("Shouldn't get here!"); 226 /* NOTREACHED*/ 227 } 228 229 230 /* 231 *************************************************************************** 232 **** 233 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet 234 **** been moved. 235 **** 236 *************************************************************************** 237 */ 238 static void 239 print_caddr_t(void *data __unused) 240 { 241 printf("%s", (char *)data); 242 } 243 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright) 244 SYSINIT(version, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_SECOND, print_caddr_t, version) 245 246 static void 247 set_boot_verbose(void *data __unused) 248 { 249 250 if (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE) 251 bootverbose++; 252 } 253 SYSINIT(boot_verbose, SI_SUB_TUNABLES, SI_ORDER_ANY, set_boot_verbose, NULL) 254 255 /* 256 *************************************************************************** 257 **** 258 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not 259 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of 260 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c 261 **** for right now. 262 **** 263 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they 264 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process). 265 **** 266 *************************************************************************** 267 */ 268 /* ARGSUSED*/ 269 static void 270 proc0_init(void *dummy __unused) 271 { 272 register struct proc *p; 273 register struct filedesc0 *fdp; 274 register unsigned i; 275 276 p = &proc0; 277 278 /* 279 * Initialize magic number. 280 */ 281 p->p_magic = P_MAGIC; 282 283 /* 284 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 285 */ 286 procinit(); 287 288 /* 289 * Initialize sleep queue hash table 290 */ 291 sleepinit(); 292 293 /* 294 * additional VM structures 295 */ 296 vm_init2(); 297 298 /* 299 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 300 */ 301 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 302 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PIDHASH(0), p, p_hash); 303 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 304 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 305 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 306 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 307 308 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 309 session0.s_count = 1; 310 session0.s_leader = p; 311 312 #ifdef __ELF__ 313 p->p_sysent = &elf_freebsd_sysvec; 314 #else 315 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec; 316 #endif 317 318 p->p_flag = P_SYSTEM; 319 p->p_sflag = PS_INMEM; 320 p->p_stat = SRUN; 321 p->p_nice = NZERO; 322 p->p_pri.pri_class = PRI_TIMESHARE; 323 p->p_pri.pri_level = PVM; 324 p->p_pri.pri_native = PUSER; 325 p->p_pri.pri_user = PUSER; 326 327 p->p_peers = 0; 328 p->p_leader = p; 329 330 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 331 332 callout_init(&p->p_itcallout, 0); 333 callout_init(&p->p_slpcallout, 1); 334 335 /* Create credentials. */ 336 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 337 cred0.p_uidinfo = uifind(0); 338 p->p_cred = &cred0; 339 p->p_ucred = crget(); 340 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 341 p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo = uifind(0); 342 p->p_ucred->cr_prison = NULL; /* Don't jail it. */ 343 344 /* Create procsig. */ 345 p->p_procsig = &procsig0; 346 p->p_procsig->ps_refcnt = 1; 347 348 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 349 siginit(&proc0); 350 351 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 352 fdp = &filedesc0; 353 p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd; 354 fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1; 355 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask; 356 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles; 357 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags; 358 fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE; 359 360 /* Create the limits structures. */ 361 p->p_limit = &limit0; 362 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 363 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 364 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 365 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = 366 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles; 367 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = 368 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc; 369 i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count); 370 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i; 371 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i; 372 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3; 373 limit0.p_cpulimit = RLIM_INFINITY; 374 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 375 376 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 377 mtx_lock(&vm_mtx); 378 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0)); 379 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 380 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1; 381 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 382 trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)); 383 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0); 384 mtx_unlock(&vm_mtx); 385 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 386 387 /* 388 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 389 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 390 */ 391 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 392 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts; 393 394 /* 395 * Charge root for one process. 396 */ 397 (void)chgproccnt(cred0.p_uidinfo, 1, 0); 398 } 399 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL) 400 401 /* ARGSUSED*/ 402 static void 403 proc0_post(void *dummy __unused) 404 { 405 struct timespec ts; 406 struct proc *p; 407 408 /* 409 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the 410 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now. 411 */ 412 sx_slock(&allproc_lock); 413 LIST_FOREACH(p, &allproc, p_list) { 414 microtime(&p->p_stats->p_start); 415 p->p_runtime = 0; 416 } 417 sx_sunlock(&allproc_lock); 418 microuptime(PCPU_PTR(switchtime)); 419 PCPU_SET(switchticks, ticks); 420 421 /* 422 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump. 423 */ 424 nanotime(&ts); 425 srandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec); 426 } 427 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL) 428 429 /* 430 *************************************************************************** 431 **** 432 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the 433 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis. 434 **** 435 *************************************************************************** 436 */ 437 438 439 /* 440 *************************************************************************** 441 **** 442 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like 443 **** kern/init_init.c. 444 **** 445 *************************************************************************** 446 */ 447 448 /* 449 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 450 */ 451 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] = 452 #ifdef INIT_PATH 453 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH); 454 #else 455 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/stand/sysinstall"; 456 #endif 457 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, ""); 458 459 /* 460 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path. 461 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 462 */ 463 static void 464 start_init(void *dummy) 465 { 466 vm_offset_t addr; 467 struct execve_args args; 468 int options, error; 469 char *var, *path, *next, *s; 470 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1; 471 struct proc *p; 472 473 mtx_lock(&Giant); 474 475 p = curproc; 476 477 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */ 478 if (VFS_ROOT(TAILQ_FIRST(&mountlist), &rootvnode)) 479 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 480 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode; 481 VREF(p->p_fd->fd_cdir); 482 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = rootvnode; 483 VREF(p->p_fd->fd_rdir); 484 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, p); 485 486 /* 487 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 488 */ 489 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE); 490 mtx_lock(&vm_mtx); 491 if (vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 492 FALSE, VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0) != 0) 493 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 494 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 495 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1; 496 mtx_unlock(&vm_mtx); 497 498 if ((var = getenv("init_path")) != NULL) { 499 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path); 500 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0; 501 } 502 if ((var = getenv("kern.fallback_elf_brand")) != NULL) 503 fallback_elf_brand = strtol(var, NULL, 0); 504 505 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) { 506 while (*path == ':') 507 path++; 508 if (*path == '\0') 509 break; 510 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++) 511 /* nothing */ ; 512 if (bootverbose) 513 printf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path), 514 path); 515 516 /* 517 * Move out the boot flag argument. 518 */ 519 options = 0; 520 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK; 521 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */ 522 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 523 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's'); 524 options = 1; 525 } 526 #ifdef notyet 527 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 528 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f'); 529 options = 1; 530 } 531 #endif 532 533 #ifdef BOOTCDROM 534 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C'); 535 options = 1; 536 #endif 537 if (devfs_present) { 538 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'd'); 539 options = 1; 540 } 541 542 if (options == 0) 543 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); 544 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */ 545 arg1 = ucp; 546 547 /* 548 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 549 */ 550 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); 551 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--) 552 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s); 553 arg0 = ucp; 554 555 /* 556 * Move out the arg pointers. 557 */ 558 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1)); 559 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */ 560 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1); 561 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0); 562 563 /* 564 * Point at the arguments. 565 */ 566 args.fname = arg0; 567 args.argv = uap; 568 args.envv = NULL; 569 570 /* 571 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 572 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 573 * 574 * Otherwise, return via fork_trampoline() all the way 575 * to user mode as init! 576 */ 577 if ((error = execve(p, &args)) == 0) { 578 mtx_unlock(&Giant); 579 return; 580 } 581 if (error != ENOENT) 582 printf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path), 583 path, error); 584 } 585 printf("init: not found in path %s\n", init_path); 586 panic("no init"); 587 } 588 589 /* 590 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space. 591 * We do this early to reserve pid 1. 592 * 593 * Note special case - do not make it runnable yet. Other work 594 * in progress will change this more. 595 */ 596 static void 597 create_init(const void *udata __unused) 598 { 599 int error; 600 601 error = fork1(&proc0, RFFDG | RFPROC | RFSTOPPED, &initproc); 602 if (error) 603 panic("cannot fork init: %d\n", error); 604 PROC_LOCK(initproc); 605 initproc->p_flag |= P_SYSTEM; 606 PROC_UNLOCK(initproc); 607 mtx_lock_spin(&sched_lock); 608 initproc->p_sflag |= PS_INMEM; 609 mtx_unlock_spin(&sched_lock); 610 cpu_set_fork_handler(initproc, start_init, NULL); 611 } 612 SYSINIT(init, SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL) 613 614 /* 615 * Make it runnable now. 616 */ 617 static void 618 kick_init(const void *udata __unused) 619 { 620 621 mtx_lock_spin(&sched_lock); 622 initproc->p_stat = SRUN; 623 setrunqueue(initproc); 624 mtx_unlock_spin(&sched_lock); 625 } 626 SYSINIT(kickinit, SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kick_init, NULL) 627