xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/init_main.c (revision eadf9e27cdb6351c07aab06fe098cbe8b8c63ee2)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
5  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
6  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
7  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
8  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
20  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
21  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
22  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
23  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
24  *    without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
28  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
29  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
30  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
31  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
32  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
33  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
34  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
35  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36  * SUCH DAMAGE.
37  *
38  *	@(#)init_main.c	8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
39  * $Id: init_main.c,v 1.16 1994/11/06 05:01:58 davidg Exp $
40  */
41 
42 #include <sys/param.h>
43 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
44 #include <sys/errno.h>
45 #include <sys/exec.h>
46 #include <sys/kernel.h>
47 #include <sys/mount.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
50 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
51 #include <sys/systm.h>
52 #include <sys/vnode.h>
53 #include <sys/sysent.h>
54 #include <sys/conf.h>
55 #include <sys/buf.h>
56 #include <sys/clist.h>
57 #include <sys/device.h>
58 #include <sys/protosw.h>
59 #include <sys/reboot.h>
60 #include <sys/user.h>
61 
62 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
63 
64 #include <machine/cpu.h>
65 
66 #include <vm/vm.h>
67 
68 #ifdef HPFPLIB
69 char	copyright[] =
70 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\tThe Regents of the University of California.\nCopyright (c) 1992 Hewlett-Packard Company\nCopyright (c) 1992 Motorola Inc.\nAll rights reserved.\n\n";
71 #else
72 char	copyright[] =
73 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\tThe Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n\n";
74 #endif
75 
76 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
77 struct	session session0;
78 struct	pgrp pgrp0;
79 struct	proc proc0;
80 struct	pcred cred0;
81 struct	filedesc0 filedesc0;
82 struct	plimit limit0;
83 struct	vmspace vmspace0;
84 struct	proc *curproc = &proc0;
85 struct	proc *initproc, *pageproc, *updateproc, *vmproc;
86 
87 int	cmask = CMASK;
88 extern	struct user *proc0paddr;
89 
90 struct	vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp;
91 int	boothowto;
92 struct	timeval boottime;
93 struct	timeval runtime;
94 
95 static void start_init __P((struct proc *p, void *framep));
96 
97 #if __GNUC__ >= 2
98 void __main() {}
99 #endif
100 
101 /*
102  * This table is filled in by the linker with functions that need to be
103  * called to initialize various pseudo-devices and whatnot.
104  */
105 
106 static void dummyinit() {}
107 TEXT_SET(pseudo_set, dummyinit);
108 
109 typedef void (*pseudo_func_t)(void);
110 extern const struct linker_set pseudo_set;
111 static const pseudo_func_t *pseudos =
112 	(const pseudo_func_t *)&pseudo_set.ls_items[0];
113 
114 /*
115  * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
116  * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon.  Most of the
117  * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
118  * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
119  */
120 void
121 main(framep)
122 	void *framep;
123 {
124 	register struct proc *p;
125 	register struct filedesc0 *fdp;
126 	register int i;
127 	int s, rval[2];
128 	extern int (*mountroot) __P((void));
129 	extern void roundrobin __P((void *));
130 	extern void schedcpu __P((void *));
131 	extern struct sysentvec aout_sysvec;
132 
133 	/*
134 	 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before
135 	 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing.
136 	 */
137 	p = &proc0;
138 	curproc = p;
139 	printf(copyright);
140 
141 	vm_mem_init();
142 	kmeminit();
143 	cpu_startup();
144 
145 	/*
146 	 * Create process 0 (the swapper).
147 	 */
148 	allproc = (volatile struct proc *)p;
149 	p->p_prev = (struct proc **)&allproc;
150 	p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0;
151 	pgrphash[0] = &pgrp0;
152 	pgrp0.pg_mem = p;
153 	pgrp0.pg_session = &session0;
154 	session0.s_count = 1;
155 	session0.s_leader = p;
156 
157 	p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec;
158 
159 	p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM;
160 	p->p_stat = SRUN;
161 	p->p_nice = NZERO;
162 	p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL;
163 	p->p_rtprio.prio = 0;
164 
165 	bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
166 
167 	/* Create credentials. */
168 	cred0.p_refcnt = 1;
169 	p->p_cred = &cred0;
170 	p->p_ucred = crget();
171 	p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1;	/* group 0 */
172 
173 	/* Create the file descriptor table. */
174 	fdp = &filedesc0;
175 	p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd;
176 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1;
177 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask;
178 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles;
179 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags;
180 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE;
181 
182 	/* Create the limits structures. */
183 	p->p_limit = &limit0;
184 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++)
185 		limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur =
186 		    limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
187 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = NOFILE;
188 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = MAXUPRC;
189 	i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count);
190 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i;
191 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i;
192 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3;
193 	limit0.p_refcnt = 1;
194 
195 	/* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */
196 	p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0;
197 	vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1;
198 	pmap_pinit(&vmspace0.vm_pmap);
199 	vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS),
200 	    trunc_page(VM_MAX_ADDRESS), TRUE);
201 	vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = &vmspace0.vm_pmap;
202 	p->p_addr = proc0paddr;				/* XXX */
203 
204 	/*
205 	 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal
206 	 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable.
207 	 */
208 	p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats;
209 	p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts;
210 
211 	/*
212 	 * Initialize per uid information structure and charge
213 	 * root for one process.
214 	 */
215 	usrinfoinit();
216 	(void)chgproccnt(0, 1);
217 
218 	rqinit();
219 
220 	/* Configure virtual memory system, set vm rlimits. */
221 	vm_init_limits(p);
222 
223 	/* Initialize the file systems. */
224 	vfsinit();
225 
226 	/* Start real time and statistics clocks. */
227 	initclocks();
228 
229 	/* Initialize mbuf's. */
230 	mbinit();
231 
232 	/* Initialize clists. */
233 	clist_init();
234 
235 #ifdef SYSVSHM
236 	/* Initialize System V style shared memory. */
237 	shminit();
238 #endif
239 
240 #ifdef SYSVSEM
241 	/* Initialize System V style semaphores. */
242 	seminit();
243 #endif
244 
245 #ifdef SYSVMSG
246 	/* Initialize System V style message queues. */
247 	msginit();
248 #endif
249 
250 	/*
251 	 * Attach pseudo-devices.
252 	 */
253 	while(*pseudos) {
254 		(**pseudos++)();
255 	}
256 
257 	/*
258 	 * Initialize protocols.  Block reception of incoming packets
259 	 * until everything is ready.
260 	 */
261 	s = splimp();
262 	ifinit();
263 	domaininit();
264 	splx(s);
265 
266 #ifdef GPROF
267 	/* Initialize kernel profiling. */
268 	kmstartup();
269 #endif
270 
271 	/* Kick off timeout driven events by calling first time. */
272 	roundrobin(NULL);
273 	schedcpu(NULL);
274 
275 	/* Mount the root file system. */
276 	if ((*mountroot)())
277 		panic("cannot mount root");
278 
279 	/* Get the vnode for '/'.  Set fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */
280 	if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.tqh_first, &rootvnode))
281 		panic("cannot find root vnode");
282 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir = rootvnode;
283 	VREF(fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir);
284 	VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode);
285 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_rdir = NULL;
286 	swapinit();
287 
288 	/*
289 	 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time
290 	 * from the file system.  Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been
291 	 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set.
292 	 */
293 	p->p_stats->p_start = runtime = mono_time = boottime = time;
294 	p->p_rtime.tv_sec = p->p_rtime.tv_usec = 0;
295 
296 	/* Initialize signal state for process 0. */
297 	siginit(p);
298 
299 	/* Create process 1 (init(8)). */
300 	if (fork(p, NULL, rval))
301 		panic("fork init");
302 	if (rval[1]) {
303 		start_init(curproc, framep);
304 		return;
305 	}
306 
307 	/* Create process 2 (the pageout daemon). */
308 	if (fork(p, NULL, rval))
309 		panic("fork pager");
310 	if (rval[1]) {
311 		/*
312 		 * Now in process 2.
313 		 */
314 		p = curproc;
315 		pageproc = p;
316 		p->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM;	/* XXX */
317 		bcopy("pagedaemon", curproc->p_comm, sizeof ("pagedaemon"));
318 		vm_pageout();
319 		/* NOTREACHED */
320 	}
321 
322 	/*
323 	 * Start high level vm daemon (process 3).
324 	 */
325 	if (fork(p, (void *) NULL, rval))
326 		panic("failed fork vm daemon");
327 	if (rval[1]) {
328 		p = curproc;
329 		vmproc = p;
330 		p->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM;
331 		bcopy("vmdaemon", p->p_comm, sizeof("vmdaemon"));
332 		vm_daemon();
333 		/*NOTREACHED*/
334 	}
335 
336 	/*
337 	 * Start update daemon (process 4).
338 	 */
339 	if (fork(p, (void *) NULL, rval))
340 		panic("failed fork update daemon");
341 	if (rval[1]) {
342 		p = curproc;
343 		updateproc = p;
344 		p->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM;
345 		bcopy("update", p->p_comm, sizeof("update"));
346 		vfs_update();
347 		/*NOTREACHED*/
348 	}
349 
350 	/* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */
351 	scheduler();
352 	/* NOTREACHED */
353 }
354 
355 /*
356  * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
357  */
358 static char *initpaths[] = {
359 	"/sbin/init",
360 	"/sbin/oinit",
361 	"/sbin/init.bak",
362 	"/stand/sysinstall",
363 	NULL,
364 };
365 
366 /*
367  * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths".
368  * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
369  */
370 static void
371 start_init(p, framep)
372 	struct proc *p;
373 	void *framep;
374 {
375 	vm_offset_t addr;
376 	struct execve_args args;
377 	int options, i, retval[2], error;
378 	char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1;
379 
380 	initproc = p;
381 
382 	/*
383 	 * We need to set the system call frame as if we were entered through
384 	 * a syscall() so that when we call execve() below, it will be able
385 	 * to set the entry point (see setregs) when it tries to exec.  The
386 	 * startup code in "locore.s" has allocated space for the frame and
387 	 * passed a pointer to that space as main's argument.
388 	 */
389 	cpu_set_init_frame(p, framep);
390 
391 	/*
392 	 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
393 	 */
394 	addr = trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS - PAGE_SIZE);
395 	if (vm_allocate(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, FALSE) != 0)
396 		panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
397 	p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr;
398 	p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1;
399 
400 	for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) {
401 		/*
402 		 * Move out the boot flag argument.
403 		 */
404 		options = 0;
405 		ucp = (char *)USRSTACK;
406 		(void)subyte(--ucp, 0);		/* trailing zero */
407 		if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
408 			(void)subyte(--ucp, 's');
409 			options = 1;
410 		}
411 #ifdef notyet
412                 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
413 			(void)subyte(--ucp, 'f');
414 			options = 1;
415 		}
416 #endif
417 		if (options == 0)
418 			(void)subyte(--ucp, '-');
419 		(void)subyte(--ucp, '-');		/* leading hyphen */
420 		arg1 = ucp;
421 
422 		/*
423 		 * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
424 		 */
425 		for (i = strlen(path) + 1; i >= 0; i--)
426 			(void)subyte(--ucp, path[i]);
427 		arg0 = ucp;
428 
429 		/*
430 		 * Move out the arg pointers.
431 		 */
432 		uap = (char **)((int)ucp & ~(NBPW-1));
433 		(void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, 0);	/* terminator */
434 		(void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (int)arg1);
435 		(void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (int)arg0);
436 
437 		/*
438 		 * Point at the arguments.
439 		 */
440 		args.fname = arg0;
441 		args.argv = uap;
442 		args.envv = NULL;
443 
444 		/*
445 		 * Now try to exec the program.  If can't for any reason
446 		 * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
447 		 */
448 		if ((error = execve(p, &args, &retval)) == 0)
449 			return;
450 		if (error != ENOENT)
451 			printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error);
452 	}
453 	printf("init: not found\n");
454 	panic("no init");
455 }
456