1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 12 * 13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 15 * are met: 16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 22 * must display the following acknowledgement: 23 * This product includes software developed by the University of 24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 27 * without specific prior written permission. 28 * 29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 39 * SUCH DAMAGE. 40 * 41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 42 * $FreeBSD$ 43 */ 44 45 #include "opt_init_path.h" 46 47 #include <sys/param.h> 48 #include <sys/kernel.h> 49 #include <sys/file.h> 50 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 51 #include <sys/ktr.h> 52 #include <sys/lock.h> 53 #include <sys/mount.h> 54 #include <sys/mutex.h> 55 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 56 #include <sys/proc.h> 57 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 58 #include <sys/systm.h> 59 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 60 #include <sys/vnode.h> 61 #include <sys/sysent.h> 62 #include <sys/reboot.h> 63 #include <sys/sx.h> 64 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 65 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 66 #include <sys/unistd.h> 67 #include <sys/malloc.h> 68 #include <sys/conf.h> 69 70 #include <machine/cpu.h> 71 72 #include <vm/vm.h> 73 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 74 #include <vm/pmap.h> 75 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 76 #include <sys/user.h> 77 #include <sys/copyright.h> 78 79 void mi_startup(void); /* Should be elsewhere */ 80 81 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 82 static struct session session0; 83 static struct pgrp pgrp0; 84 struct proc proc0; 85 struct thread thread0; 86 static struct procsig procsig0; 87 static struct filedesc0 filedesc0; 88 static struct plimit limit0; 89 static struct vmspace vmspace0; 90 struct proc *initproc; 91 92 int cmask = CMASK; 93 extern int fallback_elf_brand; 94 95 struct vnode *rootvp; 96 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */ 97 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, boothowto, CTLFLAG_RD, &boothowto, 0, ""); 98 int bootverbose; 99 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, bootverbose, CTLFLAG_RW, &bootverbose, 0, ""); 100 101 /* 102 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set 103 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never 104 * executed. 105 */ 106 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY, SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL) 107 108 /* 109 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run. 110 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit. 111 */ 112 SET_DECLARE(sysinit_set, struct sysinit); 113 struct sysinit **sysinit, **sysinit_end; 114 struct sysinit **newsysinit, **newsysinit_end; 115 116 /* 117 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if 118 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running. 119 */ 120 void 121 sysinit_add(struct sysinit **set, struct sysinit **set_end) 122 { 123 struct sysinit **newset; 124 struct sysinit **sipp; 125 struct sysinit **xipp; 126 int count; 127 128 count = set_end - set; 129 if (newsysinit) 130 count += newsysinit_end - newsysinit; 131 else 132 count += sysinit_end - sysinit; 133 newset = malloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT); 134 if (newset == NULL) 135 panic("cannot malloc for sysinit"); 136 xipp = newset; 137 if (newsysinit) 138 for (sipp = newsysinit; sipp < newsysinit_end; sipp++) 139 *xipp++ = *sipp; 140 else 141 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) 142 *xipp++ = *sipp; 143 for (sipp = set; sipp < set_end; sipp++) 144 *xipp++ = *sipp; 145 if (newsysinit) 146 free(newsysinit, M_TEMP); 147 newsysinit = newset; 148 newsysinit_end = newset + count; 149 } 150 151 /* 152 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 153 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 154 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 155 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 156 * 157 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require 158 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem 159 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object 160 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads". 161 */ 162 void 163 mi_startup(void) 164 { 165 166 register struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/ 167 register struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/ 168 register struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/ 169 170 if (sysinit == NULL) { 171 sysinit = SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set); 172 sysinit_end = SET_LIMIT(sysinit_set); 173 } 174 175 restart: 176 /* 177 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by 178 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key). 179 */ 180 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) { 181 for (xipp = sipp + 1; xipp < sysinit_end; xipp++) { 182 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem || 183 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem && 184 (*sipp)->order <= (*xipp)->order)) 185 continue; /* skip*/ 186 save = *sipp; 187 *sipp = *xipp; 188 *xipp = save; 189 } 190 } 191 192 /* 193 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks. 194 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task. 195 * 196 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler, 197 * which will not return. 198 */ 199 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) { 200 201 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY) 202 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/ 203 204 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DONE) 205 continue; 206 207 /* Call function */ 208 (*((*sipp)->func))((*sipp)->udata); 209 210 /* Check off the one we're just done */ 211 (*sipp)->subsystem = SI_SUB_DONE; 212 213 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */ 214 if (newsysinit != NULL) { 215 if (sysinit != SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set)) 216 free(sysinit, M_TEMP); 217 sysinit = newsysinit; 218 sysinit_end = newsysinit_end; 219 newsysinit = NULL; 220 newsysinit_end = NULL; 221 goto restart; 222 } 223 } 224 225 panic("Shouldn't get here!"); 226 /* NOTREACHED*/ 227 } 228 229 230 /* 231 *************************************************************************** 232 **** 233 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet 234 **** been moved. 235 **** 236 *************************************************************************** 237 */ 238 static void 239 print_caddr_t(void *data __unused) 240 { 241 printf("%s", (char *)data); 242 } 243 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright) 244 SYSINIT(version, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_SECOND, print_caddr_t, version) 245 246 static void 247 set_boot_verbose(void *data __unused) 248 { 249 250 if (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE) 251 bootverbose++; 252 } 253 SYSINIT(boot_verbose, SI_SUB_TUNABLES, SI_ORDER_ANY, set_boot_verbose, NULL) 254 255 /* 256 *************************************************************************** 257 **** 258 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not 259 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of 260 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c 261 **** for right now. 262 **** 263 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they 264 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process). 265 **** 266 *************************************************************************** 267 */ 268 /* ARGSUSED*/ 269 static void 270 proc0_init(void *dummy __unused) 271 { 272 register struct proc *p; 273 register struct filedesc0 *fdp; 274 register unsigned i; 275 struct thread *td; 276 struct ksegrp *kg; 277 struct kse *ke; 278 279 GIANT_REQUIRED; 280 p = &proc0; 281 td = &thread0; 282 283 /* 284 * Initialize magic number. 285 */ 286 p->p_magic = P_MAGIC; 287 288 /* 289 * Initialize thread, process and pgrp structures. 290 */ 291 procinit(); 292 293 /* 294 * Initialize sleep queue hash table 295 */ 296 sleepinit(); 297 298 /* 299 * additional VM structures 300 */ 301 vm_init2(); 302 303 /* 304 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 305 */ 306 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 307 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PIDHASH(0), p, p_hash); 308 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 309 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 310 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 311 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 312 313 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 314 session0.s_count = 1; 315 session0.s_leader = p; 316 317 #ifdef __ELF__ 318 p->p_sysent = &elf_freebsd_sysvec; 319 #else 320 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec; 321 #endif 322 323 ke = &proc0.p_kse; /* XXXKSE */ 324 kg = &proc0.p_ksegrp; /* XXXKSE */ 325 p->p_flag = P_SYSTEM; 326 p->p_sflag = PS_INMEM; 327 p->p_stat = SRUN; 328 p->p_ksegrp.kg_nice = NZERO; 329 kg->kg_pri_class = PRI_TIMESHARE; 330 kg->kg_user_pri = PUSER; 331 td->td_priority = PVM; 332 td->td_base_pri = PUSER; 333 334 p->p_peers = 0; 335 p->p_leader = p; 336 337 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 338 339 callout_init(&p->p_itcallout, 0); 340 callout_init(&td->td_slpcallout, 1); 341 342 /* Create credentials. */ 343 p->p_ucred = crget(); 344 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 345 p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo = uifind(0); 346 p->p_ucred->cr_ruidinfo = uifind(0); 347 p->p_ucred->cr_prison = NULL; /* Don't jail it. */ 348 td->td_ucred = crhold(p->p_ucred); 349 350 /* Create procsig. */ 351 p->p_procsig = &procsig0; 352 p->p_procsig->ps_refcnt = 1; 353 354 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 355 siginit(&proc0); 356 357 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 358 fdp = &filedesc0; 359 p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd; 360 mtx_init(&fdp->fd_fd.fd_mtx, "struct filedesc", MTX_DEF); 361 fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1; 362 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask; 363 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles; 364 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags; 365 fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE; 366 367 /* Create the limits structures. */ 368 p->p_limit = &limit0; 369 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 370 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 371 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 372 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = 373 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles; 374 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = 375 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc; 376 i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count); 377 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i; 378 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i; 379 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3; 380 limit0.p_cpulimit = RLIM_INFINITY; 381 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 382 383 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 384 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0)); 385 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 386 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1; 387 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 388 trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)); 389 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0); 390 391 /* 392 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 393 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 394 */ 395 p->p_stats = &p->p_uarea->u_stats; 396 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_uarea->u_sigacts; 397 398 /* 399 * Charge root for one process. 400 */ 401 (void)chgproccnt(p->p_ucred->cr_ruidinfo, 1, 0); 402 } 403 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL) 404 405 /* ARGSUSED*/ 406 static void 407 proc0_post(void *dummy __unused) 408 { 409 struct timespec ts; 410 struct proc *p; 411 412 /* 413 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the 414 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now. 415 */ 416 sx_slock(&allproc_lock); 417 LIST_FOREACH(p, &allproc, p_list) { 418 microtime(&p->p_stats->p_start); 419 p->p_runtime = 0; 420 } 421 sx_sunlock(&allproc_lock); 422 microuptime(PCPU_PTR(switchtime)); 423 PCPU_SET(switchticks, ticks); 424 425 /* 426 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump. 427 */ 428 nanotime(&ts); 429 srandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec); 430 } 431 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL) 432 433 /* 434 *************************************************************************** 435 **** 436 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the 437 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis. 438 **** 439 *************************************************************************** 440 */ 441 442 443 /* 444 *************************************************************************** 445 **** 446 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like 447 **** kern/init_init.c. 448 **** 449 *************************************************************************** 450 */ 451 452 /* 453 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 454 */ 455 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] = 456 #ifdef INIT_PATH 457 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH); 458 #else 459 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/stand/sysinstall"; 460 #endif 461 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, 462 "Path used to search the init process"); 463 464 /* 465 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path. 466 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 467 */ 468 static void 469 start_init(void *dummy) 470 { 471 vm_offset_t addr; 472 struct execve_args args; 473 int options, error; 474 char *var, *path, *next, *s; 475 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1; 476 struct thread *td; 477 struct proc *p; 478 int init_does_devfs = 0; 479 480 mtx_lock(&Giant); 481 482 GIANT_REQUIRED; 483 484 td = curthread; 485 p = td->td_proc; 486 487 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */ 488 if (VFS_ROOT(TAILQ_FIRST(&mountlist), &rootvnode)) 489 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 490 FILEDESC_LOCK(p->p_fd); 491 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode; 492 VREF(p->p_fd->fd_cdir); 493 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = rootvnode; 494 VREF(p->p_fd->fd_rdir); 495 FILEDESC_UNLOCK(p->p_fd); 496 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, td); 497 498 if (devfs_present) { 499 /* 500 * For disk based systems, we probably cannot do this yet 501 * since the fs will be read-only. But a NFS root 502 * might be ok. It is worth a shot. 503 */ 504 error = vn_mkdir("/dev", 0700, UIO_SYSSPACE, td); 505 if (error == EEXIST) 506 error = 0; 507 if (error == 0) 508 error = vfs_mount(td, "devfs", "/dev", 0, 0); 509 if (error != 0) 510 init_does_devfs = 1; 511 } 512 513 /* 514 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 515 */ 516 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE); 517 if (vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 518 FALSE, VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0) != 0) 519 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 520 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 521 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1; 522 523 if ((var = getenv("init_path")) != NULL) { 524 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path); 525 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0; 526 } 527 if ((var = getenv("kern.fallback_elf_brand")) != NULL) 528 fallback_elf_brand = strtol(var, NULL, 0); 529 530 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) { 531 while (*path == ':') 532 path++; 533 if (*path == '\0') 534 break; 535 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++) 536 /* nothing */ ; 537 if (bootverbose) 538 printf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path), 539 path); 540 541 /* 542 * Move out the boot flag argument. 543 */ 544 options = 0; 545 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK; 546 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */ 547 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 548 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's'); 549 options = 1; 550 } 551 #ifdef notyet 552 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 553 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f'); 554 options = 1; 555 } 556 #endif 557 558 #ifdef BOOTCDROM 559 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C'); 560 options = 1; 561 #endif 562 if (init_does_devfs) { 563 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'd'); 564 options = 1; 565 } 566 567 if (options == 0) 568 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); 569 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */ 570 arg1 = ucp; 571 572 /* 573 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 574 */ 575 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); 576 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--) 577 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s); 578 arg0 = ucp; 579 580 /* 581 * Move out the arg pointers. 582 */ 583 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1)); 584 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */ 585 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1); 586 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0); 587 588 /* 589 * Point at the arguments. 590 */ 591 args.fname = arg0; 592 args.argv = uap; 593 args.envv = NULL; 594 595 /* 596 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 597 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 598 * 599 * Otherwise, return via fork_trampoline() all the way 600 * to user mode as init! 601 */ 602 if ((error = execve(td, &args)) == 0) { 603 mtx_unlock(&Giant); 604 return; 605 } 606 if (error != ENOENT) 607 printf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path), 608 path, error); 609 } 610 printf("init: not found in path %s\n", init_path); 611 panic("no init"); 612 } 613 614 /* 615 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space. 616 * We do this early to reserve pid 1. 617 * 618 * Note special case - do not make it runnable yet. Other work 619 * in progress will change this more. 620 */ 621 static void 622 create_init(const void *udata __unused) 623 { 624 int error; 625 626 error = fork1(&thread0, RFFDG | RFPROC | RFSTOPPED, &initproc); 627 if (error) 628 panic("cannot fork init: %d\n", error); 629 PROC_LOCK(initproc); 630 initproc->p_flag |= P_SYSTEM; 631 PROC_UNLOCK(initproc); 632 mtx_lock_spin(&sched_lock); 633 initproc->p_sflag |= PS_INMEM; 634 mtx_unlock_spin(&sched_lock); 635 cpu_set_fork_handler(FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(initproc), start_init, NULL); 636 } 637 SYSINIT(init, SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL) 638 639 /* 640 * Make it runnable now. 641 */ 642 static void 643 kick_init(const void *udata __unused) 644 { 645 struct thread *td; 646 647 td = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(initproc); 648 mtx_lock_spin(&sched_lock); 649 initproc->p_stat = SRUN; 650 setrunqueue(FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(initproc)); /* XXXKSE */ 651 mtx_unlock_spin(&sched_lock); 652 } 653 SYSINIT(kickinit, SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kick_init, NULL) 654