1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 12 * 13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 15 * are met: 16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 22 * must display the following acknowledgement: 23 * This product includes software developed by the University of 24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 27 * without specific prior written permission. 28 * 29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 39 * SUCH DAMAGE. 40 * 41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 42 * $Id: init_main.c,v 1.65 1997/06/22 16:04:09 peter Exp $ 43 */ 44 45 #include "opt_rlimit.h" 46 #include "opt_devfs.h" 47 48 #include <sys/param.h> 49 #include <sys/file.h> 50 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 51 #include <sys/kernel.h> 52 #include <sys/mount.h> 53 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 54 #include <sys/proc.h> 55 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 56 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 57 #include <sys/systm.h> 58 #include <sys/vnode.h> 59 #include <sys/sysent.h> 60 #include <sys/reboot.h> 61 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 62 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 63 64 #include <machine/cpu.h> 65 #if defined(SMP) 66 #include <machine/smp.h> 67 #endif /* SMP */ 68 69 #include <vm/vm.h> 70 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 71 #include <vm/vm_prot.h> 72 #include <sys/lock.h> 73 #include <vm/pmap.h> 74 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 75 #include <sys/user.h> 76 #include <sys/copyright.h> 77 78 extern struct linker_set sysinit_set; /* XXX */ 79 80 extern void __main __P((void)); 81 extern void main __P((void *framep)); 82 extern void secondary_main __P((void)); 83 84 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 85 static struct session session0; 86 static struct pgrp pgrp0; 87 struct proc proc0; 88 static struct pcred cred0; 89 static struct filedesc0 filedesc0; 90 static struct plimit limit0; 91 static struct vmspace vmspace0; 92 #ifndef SMP /* per-cpu on smp */ 93 struct proc *curproc = &proc0; 94 #endif 95 struct proc *initproc; 96 97 int cmask = CMASK; 98 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 99 100 struct vnode *rootvp; 101 int boothowto; 102 103 struct timeval boottime; 104 SYSCTL_STRUCT(_kern, KERN_BOOTTIME, boottime, 105 CTLFLAG_RW, &boottime, timeval, ""); 106 107 static int shutdowntimeout = 120; 108 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, shutdown_timeout, 109 CTLFLAG_RW, &shutdowntimeout, 0, ""); 110 111 #ifndef SMP /* per-cpu on smp */ 112 struct timeval runtime; 113 #endif 114 115 /* 116 * Promiscuous argument pass for start_init() 117 * 118 * This is a kludge because we use a return from main() rather than a call 119 * to a new routine in locore.s to kick the kernel alive from locore.s. 120 */ 121 static void *init_framep; 122 123 124 #if __GNUC__ >= 2 125 void __main() {} 126 #endif 127 128 129 /* 130 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set 131 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never 132 * executed. 133 */ 134 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY,SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL) 135 136 137 /* 138 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 139 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 140 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 141 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 142 * 143 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require 144 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem 145 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object 146 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads", like an LFS 147 * cleaner. 148 */ 149 void 150 main(framep) 151 void *framep; 152 { 153 154 register struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/ 155 register struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/ 156 register struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/ 157 int rval[2]; /* SI_TYPE_KTHREAD support*/ 158 159 /* 160 * Copy the locore.s frame pointer for proc0, this is forked into 161 * all other processes. 162 */ 163 init_framep = framep; 164 165 /* 166 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by 167 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key). 168 * 169 * Since some things care about execution order, this is the 170 * operation which ensures continued function. 171 */ 172 for( sipp = (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items; *sipp; sipp++) { 173 for( xipp = sipp + 1; *xipp; xipp++) { 174 if( (*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem || 175 ( (*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem && 176 (*sipp)->order < (*xipp)->order)) 177 continue; /* skip*/ 178 save = *sipp; 179 *sipp = *xipp; 180 *xipp = save; 181 } 182 } 183 184 /* 185 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks. 186 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task. 187 * 188 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler, 189 * which will not return. 190 */ 191 for( sipp = (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items; *sipp; sipp++) { 192 if( (*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY) 193 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/ 194 195 switch( (*sipp)->type) { 196 case SI_TYPE_DEFAULT: 197 /* no special processing*/ 198 (*((*sipp)->func))( (*sipp)->udata); 199 break; 200 201 case SI_TYPE_KTHREAD: 202 /* kernel thread*/ 203 if (fork(&proc0, NULL, rval)) 204 panic("fork kernel process"); 205 cpu_set_fork_handler(pfind(rval[0]), (*sipp)->func, (*sipp)->udata); 206 break; 207 208 default: 209 panic( "init_main: unrecognized init type"); 210 } 211 } 212 213 panic("Shouldn't get here!"); 214 /* NOTREACHED*/ 215 } 216 217 218 /* 219 * Start a kernel process. This is called after a fork() call in 220 * main() in the file kern/init_main.c. 221 * 222 * This function is used to start "internal" daemons. 223 */ 224 /* ARGSUSED*/ 225 void 226 kproc_start(udata) 227 void *udata; 228 { 229 struct kproc_desc *kp = udata; 230 struct proc *p = curproc; 231 232 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC 233 printf("Start pid=%d <%s>\n",p->p_pid, kp->arg0); 234 #endif 235 236 237 /* save a global descriptor, if desired*/ 238 if( kp->global_procpp != NULL) 239 *kp->global_procpp = p; 240 241 /* this is a non-swapped system process*/ 242 p->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 243 244 /* set up arg0 for 'ps', et al*/ 245 strcpy( p->p_comm, kp->arg0); 246 247 /* call the processes' main()...*/ 248 (*kp->func)(); 249 250 /* NOTREACHED */ 251 panic("kproc_start: %s", kp->arg0); 252 } 253 254 255 /* 256 *************************************************************************** 257 **** 258 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet 259 **** been moved. 260 **** 261 *************************************************************************** 262 */ 263 #ifdef OMIT 264 /* 265 * Handled by vfs_mountroot (bad idea) at this time... should be 266 * done the same as 4.4Lite2. 267 */ 268 SYSINIT(swapinit, SI_SUB_SWAP, SI_ORDER_FIRST, swapinit, NULL) 269 #endif /* OMIT*/ 270 271 static void print_caddr_t __P((void *data)); 272 static void 273 print_caddr_t(data) 274 void *data; 275 { 276 printf("%s", (char *)data); 277 } 278 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright) 279 280 281 /* 282 *************************************************************************** 283 **** 284 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not 285 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of 286 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c 287 **** for right now. 288 **** 289 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they 290 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process). 291 **** 292 *************************************************************************** 293 */ 294 /* ARGSUSED*/ 295 static void proc0_init __P((void *dummy)); 296 static void 297 proc0_init(dummy) 298 void *dummy; 299 { 300 register struct proc *p; 301 register struct filedesc0 *fdp; 302 register unsigned i; 303 304 /* 305 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before 306 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 307 */ 308 p = &proc0; 309 curproc = p; /* XXX redundant*/ 310 311 /* 312 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 313 */ 314 procinit(); 315 316 /* 317 * Initialize sleep queue hash table 318 */ 319 sleepinit(); 320 321 /* 322 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 323 */ 324 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 325 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 326 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 327 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 328 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 329 330 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 331 session0.s_count = 1; 332 session0.s_leader = p; 333 334 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec; 335 336 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 337 p->p_stat = SRUN; 338 p->p_nice = NZERO; 339 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL; 340 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0; 341 342 /* 343 * Link for kernel based threads 344 */ 345 p->p_peers = 0; 346 p->p_leader = p; 347 348 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 349 350 /* Create credentials. */ 351 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 352 p->p_cred = &cred0; 353 p->p_ucred = crget(); 354 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 355 356 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 357 fdp = &filedesc0; 358 p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd; 359 fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1; 360 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask; 361 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles; 362 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags; 363 fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE; 364 365 /* Create the limits structures. */ 366 p->p_limit = &limit0; 367 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 368 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 369 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 370 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = 371 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles; 372 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = 373 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc; 374 i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count); 375 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i; 376 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i; 377 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3; 378 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 379 380 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 381 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 382 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1; 383 pmap_pinit(&vmspace0.vm_pmap); 384 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 385 trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS), TRUE); 386 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = &vmspace0.vm_pmap; 387 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 388 389 #define INCOMPAT_LITES2 390 #ifdef INCOMPAT_LITES2 391 /* 392 * proc0 needs to have a coherent frame base in it's stack. 393 */ 394 cpu_set_init_frame(p, init_framep); /* XXX! */ 395 #endif /* INCOMPAT_LITES2*/ 396 397 /* 398 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 399 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 400 */ 401 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 402 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts; 403 404 /* 405 * Charge root for one process. 406 */ 407 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 408 } 409 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL) 410 411 /* ARGSUSED*/ 412 static void proc0_post __P((void *dummy)); 413 static void 414 proc0_post(dummy) 415 void *dummy; 416 { 417 struct timeval tv; 418 419 /* 420 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time 421 * from the file system. Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been 422 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set. 423 */ 424 gettime(&boottime); 425 proc0.p_stats->p_start = runtime = mono_time = boottime; 426 proc0.p_rtime.tv_sec = proc0.p_rtime.tv_usec = 0; 427 428 /* 429 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump. 430 */ 431 microtime(&tv); 432 srandom(tv.tv_sec ^ tv.tv_usec); 433 434 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 435 siginit(&proc0); 436 } 437 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL) 438 439 440 441 442 /* 443 *************************************************************************** 444 **** 445 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the 446 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis. 447 **** 448 *************************************************************************** 449 */ 450 /* ARGSUSED*/ 451 static void sched_setup __P((void *dummy)); 452 static void 453 sched_setup(dummy) 454 void *dummy; 455 { 456 /* Kick off timeout driven events by calling first time. */ 457 roundrobin(NULL); 458 schedcpu(NULL); 459 } 460 SYSINIT(sched_setup, SI_SUB_KICK_SCHEDULER, SI_ORDER_FIRST, sched_setup, NULL) 461 462 /* ARGSUSED*/ 463 static void xxx_vfs_mountroot __P((void *fsnamep)); 464 #ifdef BOOTP 465 extern void bootpc_init __P((void)); 466 #endif 467 static void 468 xxx_vfs_mountroot(fsnamep) 469 void *fsnamep; 470 { 471 /* XXX Add a separate SYSINIT entry */ 472 #ifdef BOOTP 473 bootpc_init(); 474 #endif 475 /* Mount the root file system. */ 476 if (vfs_mountrootfs(*((char **) fsnamep))) 477 panic("cannot mount root"); 478 } 479 SYSINIT(mountroot, SI_SUB_ROOT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, xxx_vfs_mountroot, &mountrootfsname) 480 481 /* ARGSUSED*/ 482 static void xxx_vfs_root_fdtab __P((void *dummy)); 483 static void 484 xxx_vfs_root_fdtab(dummy) 485 void *dummy; 486 { 487 register struct filedesc0 *fdp = &filedesc0; 488 489 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */ 490 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.cqh_first, &rootvnode)) 491 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 492 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir = rootvnode; 493 VREF(fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir); 494 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, &proc0); 495 fdp->fd_fd.fd_rdir = NULL; 496 } 497 SYSINIT(retrofit, SI_SUB_ROOT_FDTAB, SI_ORDER_FIRST, xxx_vfs_root_fdtab, NULL) 498 499 500 /* 501 *************************************************************************** 502 **** 503 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like 504 **** kern/init_init.c. It is here for two reasons only: 505 **** 506 **** 1) This code returns to startup the system; this is 507 **** abnormal for a kernel thread. 508 **** 2) This code promiscuously uses init_frame 509 **** 510 *************************************************************************** 511 */ 512 513 static void kthread_init __P((void *dummy)); 514 SYSINIT_KT(init,SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kthread_init, NULL) 515 516 517 extern void prepare_usermode __P((void)); 518 static void start_init __P((struct proc *p)); 519 520 /* ARGSUSED*/ 521 static void 522 kthread_init(dummy) 523 void *dummy; 524 { 525 526 /* Create process 1 (init(8)). */ 527 start_init(curproc); 528 529 prepare_usermode(); 530 531 /* 532 * This returns to the fork trampoline, then to user mode. 533 */ 534 return; 535 } 536 537 538 /* 539 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 540 */ 541 static char *initpaths[] = { 542 "/sbin/init", 543 "/sbin/oinit", 544 "/sbin/init.bak", 545 "/stand/sysinstall", 546 NULL, 547 }; 548 549 /* 550 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths". 551 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 552 */ 553 static void 554 start_init(p) 555 struct proc *p; 556 { 557 vm_offset_t addr; 558 struct execve_args args; 559 int options, i, retval[2], error; 560 char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1; 561 562 initproc = p; 563 564 /* 565 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 566 */ 567 addr = trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS - PAGE_SIZE); 568 if (vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, FALSE, VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0) != 0) 569 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 570 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 571 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1; 572 573 for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) { 574 /* 575 * Move out the boot flag argument. 576 */ 577 options = 0; 578 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK; 579 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */ 580 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 581 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's'); 582 options = 1; 583 } 584 #ifdef notyet 585 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 586 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f'); 587 options = 1; 588 } 589 #endif 590 591 #ifdef BOOTCDROM 592 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C'); 593 options = 1; 594 #endif 595 596 #if defined(DEVFS) && defined(DEVFS_ROOT) 597 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'd'); 598 options = 1; 599 #endif 600 if (options == 0) 601 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); 602 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */ 603 arg1 = ucp; 604 605 /* 606 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 607 */ 608 for (i = strlen(path) + 1; i >= 0; i--) 609 (void)subyte(--ucp, path[i]); 610 arg0 = ucp; 611 612 /* 613 * Move out the arg pointers. 614 */ 615 uap = (char **)((int)ucp & ~(NBPW-1)); 616 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, 0); /* terminator */ 617 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (int)arg1); 618 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (int)arg0); 619 620 /* 621 * Point at the arguments. 622 */ 623 args.fname = arg0; 624 args.argv = uap; 625 args.envv = NULL; 626 627 /* 628 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 629 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 630 * 631 * Otherwise return to main() which returns to btext 632 * which completes the system startup. 633 */ 634 if ((error = execve(p, &args, &retval[0])) == 0) 635 return; 636 if (error != ENOENT) 637 printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error); 638 } 639 printf("init: not found\n"); 640 panic("no init"); 641 } 642