xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/init_main.c (revision afe61c15161c324a7af299a9b8457aba5afc92db)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
5  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
6  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
7  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
8  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
20  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
21  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
22  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
23  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
24  *    without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
28  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
29  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
30  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
31  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
32  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
33  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
34  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
35  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36  * SUCH DAMAGE.
37  *
38  *	@(#)init_main.c	8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
39  */
40 
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
43 #include <sys/errno.h>
44 #include <sys/exec.h>
45 #include <sys/kernel.h>
46 #include <sys/mount.h>
47 #include <sys/map.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
50 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
51 #include <sys/systm.h>
52 #include <sys/vnode.h>
53 #include <sys/conf.h>
54 #include <sys/buf.h>
55 #include <sys/clist.h>
56 #include <sys/device.h>
57 #include <sys/protosw.h>
58 #include <sys/reboot.h>
59 #include <sys/user.h>
60 
61 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
62 
63 #include <machine/cpu.h>
64 
65 #include <vm/vm.h>
66 
67 #ifdef HPFPLIB
68 char	copyright[] =
69 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\tThe Regents of the University of California.\nCopyright (c) 1992 Hewlett-Packard Company\nCopyright (c) 1992 Motorola Inc.\nAll rights reserved.\n\n";
70 #else
71 char	copyright[] =
72 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\tThe Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n\n";
73 #endif
74 
75 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
76 struct	session session0;
77 struct	pgrp pgrp0;
78 struct	proc proc0;
79 struct	pcred cred0;
80 struct	filedesc0 filedesc0;
81 struct	plimit limit0;
82 struct	vmspace vmspace0;
83 struct	proc *curproc = &proc0;
84 struct	proc *initproc, *pageproc, *pagescanproc, *updateproc;
85 
86 int	cmask = CMASK;
87 extern	struct user *proc0paddr;
88 
89 struct	vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp;
90 int	boothowto;
91 struct	timeval boottime;
92 struct	timeval runtime;
93 
94 static void start_init __P((struct proc *p, void *framep));
95 
96 #if __GNUC__ >= 2
97 void __main() {}
98 #endif
99 
100 /*
101  * This table is filled in by the linker with functions that need to be
102  * called to initialize various pseudo-devices and whatnot.
103  */
104 typedef void (*pseudo_func_t)(void);
105 extern const struct linker_set pseudo_set;
106 static const pseudo_func_t *pseudos =
107 	(const pseudo_func_t *)&pseudo_set.ls_items[0];
108 
109 /*
110  * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
111  * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon.  Most of the
112  * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
113  * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
114  */
115 void
116 main(framep)
117 	void *framep;
118 {
119 	register struct proc *p;
120 	register struct filedesc0 *fdp;
121 	register struct pdevinit *pdev;
122 	register int i;
123 	int s, rval[2];
124 	extern int (*mountroot) __P((void));
125 	extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[];
126 	extern void roundrobin __P((void *));
127 	extern void schedcpu __P((void *));
128 
129 	/*
130 	 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before
131 	 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing.
132 	 */
133 	p = &proc0;
134 	curproc = p;
135 	/*
136 	 * Attempt to find console and initialize
137 	 * in case of early panic or other messages.
138 	 */
139 	consinit();
140 	printf(copyright);
141 
142 	vm_mem_init();
143 	kmeminit();
144 	cpu_startup();
145 
146 	/*
147 	 * Create process 0 (the swapper).
148 	 */
149 	allproc = (volatile struct proc *)p;
150 	p->p_prev = (struct proc **)&allproc;
151 	p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0;
152 	pgrphash[0] = &pgrp0;
153 	pgrp0.pg_mem = p;
154 	pgrp0.pg_session = &session0;
155 	session0.s_count = 1;
156 	session0.s_leader = p;
157 
158 	p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM;
159 	p->p_stat = SRUN;
160 	p->p_nice = NZERO;
161 	bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper"));
162 
163 	/* Create credentials. */
164 	cred0.p_refcnt = 1;
165 	p->p_cred = &cred0;
166 	p->p_ucred = crget();
167 	p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1;	/* group 0 */
168 
169 	/* Create the file descriptor table. */
170 	fdp = &filedesc0;
171 	p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd;
172 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1;
173 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask;
174 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles;
175 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags;
176 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE;
177 
178 	/* Create the limits structures. */
179 	p->p_limit = &limit0;
180 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++)
181 		limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur =
182 		    limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
183 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = NOFILE;
184 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = MAXUPRC;
185 	i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count);
186 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i;
187 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i;
188 	limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3;
189 	limit0.p_refcnt = 1;
190 
191 	/* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */
192 	p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0;
193 	vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1;
194 	pmap_pinit(&vmspace0.vm_pmap);
195 	vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS),
196 	    trunc_page(VM_MAX_ADDRESS), TRUE);
197 	vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = &vmspace0.vm_pmap;
198 	p->p_addr = proc0paddr;				/* XXX */
199 
200 	/*
201 	 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal
202 	 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable.
203 	 */
204 	p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats;
205 	p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts;
206 
207 	/*
208 	 * Initialize per uid information structure and charge
209 	 * root for one process.
210 	 */
211 	usrinfoinit();
212 	(void)chgproccnt(0, 1);
213 
214 	rqinit();
215 
216 	/* Configure virtual memory system, set vm rlimits. */
217 	vm_init_limits(p);
218 
219 	/* Initialize the file systems. */
220 	vfsinit();
221 
222 	/* Start real time and statistics clocks. */
223 	initclocks();
224 
225 	/* Initialize mbuf's. */
226 	mbinit();
227 
228 	/* Initialize clists. */
229 	clist_init();
230 
231 	/*
232 	 * Attach pseudo-devices.
233 	 */
234 	while(*pseudos) {
235 		(**pseudos++)();
236 	}
237 
238 	/*
239 	 * Initialize protocols.  Block reception of incoming packets
240 	 * until everything is ready.
241 	 */
242 	s = splimp();
243 	ifinit();
244 	domaininit();
245 	splx(s);
246 
247 #ifdef GPROF
248 	/* Initialize kernel profiling. */
249 	kmstartup();
250 #endif
251 
252 	/* Kick off timeout driven events by calling first time. */
253 	roundrobin(NULL);
254 	schedcpu(NULL);
255 
256 	/* Mount the root file system. */
257 	if ((*mountroot)())
258 		panic("cannot mount root");
259 
260 	/* Get the vnode for '/'.  Set fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */
261 	if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.tqh_first, &rootvnode))
262 		panic("cannot find root vnode");
263 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir = rootvnode;
264 	VREF(fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir);
265 	VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode);
266 	fdp->fd_fd.fd_rdir = NULL;
267 	swapinit();
268 
269 	/*
270 	 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time
271 	 * from the file system.  Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been
272 	 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set.
273 	 */
274 	p->p_stats->p_start = runtime = mono_time = boottime = time;
275 	p->p_rtime.tv_sec = p->p_rtime.tv_usec = 0;
276 
277 	/* Initialize signal state for process 0. */
278 	siginit(p);
279 
280 	/* Create process 1 (init(8)). */
281 	if (fork(p, NULL, rval))
282 		panic("fork init");
283 	if (rval[1]) {
284 		start_init(curproc, framep);
285 		return;
286 	}
287 
288 	/* Create process 2 (the pageout daemon). */
289 	if (fork(p, NULL, rval))
290 		panic("fork pager");
291 	if (rval[1]) {
292 		/*
293 		 * Now in process 2.
294 		 */
295 		p = curproc;
296 		pageproc = p;
297 		p->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM;	/* XXX */
298 		bcopy("pagedaemon", curproc->p_comm, sizeof ("pagedaemon"));
299 		vm_pageout();
300 		/* NOTREACHED */
301 	}
302 #if 1
303 	/*
304 	 * Start page scanner daemon (process 3).
305 	 */
306 	if (fork(p, (void *) NULL, rval))
307 		panic("failed fork page scanner daemon");
308 	if (rval[1]) {
309 		p = curproc;
310 		pagescanproc = p;
311 		p->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM;
312 		bcopy("pagescan", p->p_comm, sizeof("pagescan"));
313 		vm_pagescan();
314 		/*NOTREACHED*/
315 	}
316 #endif
317 
318 	/*
319 	 * Start update daemon (process 4).
320 	 */
321 #ifndef LAPTOP
322 	if (fork(p, (void *) NULL, rval))
323 		panic("failed fork update daemon");
324 	if (rval[1]) {
325 		p = curproc;
326 		updateproc = p;
327 		p->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM;
328 		bcopy("update", p->p_comm, sizeof("update"));
329 		vfs_update();
330 		/*NOTREACHED*/
331 	}
332 #endif
333 
334 	/* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */
335 	scheduler();
336 	/* NOTREACHED */
337 }
338 
339 /*
340  * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
341  */
342 static char *initpaths[] = {
343 	"/sbin/init",
344 	"/sbin/oinit",
345 	"/sbin/init.bak",
346 	NULL,
347 };
348 
349 /*
350  * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths".
351  * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
352  */
353 static void
354 start_init(p, framep)
355 	struct proc *p;
356 	void *framep;
357 {
358 	vm_offset_t addr;
359 	struct execve_args args;
360 	int options, i, retval[2], error;
361 	char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1;
362 
363 	initproc = p;
364 
365 	/*
366 	 * We need to set the system call frame as if we were entered through
367 	 * a syscall() so that when we call execve() below, it will be able
368 	 * to set the entry point (see setregs) when it tries to exec.  The
369 	 * startup code in "locore.s" has allocated space for the frame and
370 	 * passed a pointer to that space as main's argument.
371 	 */
372 	cpu_set_init_frame(p, framep);
373 
374 	/*
375 	 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
376 	 */
377 	addr = trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS - PAGE_SIZE);
378 	if (vm_allocate(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, FALSE) != 0)
379 		panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
380 	p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr;
381 	p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1;
382 
383 	for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) {
384 		/*
385 		 * Move out the boot flag argument.
386 		 */
387 		options = 0;
388 		ucp = (char *)USRSTACK;
389 		(void)subyte(--ucp, 0);		/* trailing zero */
390 		if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
391 			(void)subyte(--ucp, 's');
392 			options = 1;
393 		}
394 #ifdef notyet
395                 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
396 			(void)subyte(--ucp, 'f');
397 			options = 1;
398 		}
399 #endif
400 		if (options == 0)
401 			(void)subyte(--ucp, '-');
402 		(void)subyte(--ucp, '-');		/* leading hyphen */
403 		arg1 = ucp;
404 
405 		/*
406 		 * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
407 		 */
408 		for (i = strlen(path) + 1; i >= 0; i--)
409 			(void)subyte(--ucp, path[i]);
410 		arg0 = ucp;
411 
412 		/*
413 		 * Move out the arg pointers.
414 		 */
415 		uap = (char **)((int)ucp & ~(NBPW-1));
416 		(void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, 0);	/* terminator */
417 		(void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (int)arg1);
418 		(void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (int)arg0);
419 
420 		/*
421 		 * Point at the arguments.
422 		 */
423 		args.fname = arg0;
424 		args.argv = uap;
425 		args.envv = NULL;
426 
427 		/*
428 		 * Now try to exec the program.  If can't for any reason
429 		 * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
430 		 */
431 		if ((error = execve(p, &args, &retval)) == 0)
432 			return;
433 		if (error != ENOENT)
434 			printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error);
435 	}
436 	printf("init: not found\n");
437 	panic("no init");
438 }
439