1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 12 * 13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 15 * are met: 16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 22 * must display the following acknowledgement: 23 * This product includes software developed by the University of 24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 27 * without specific prior written permission. 28 * 29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 39 * SUCH DAMAGE. 40 * 41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 42 * $Id: init_main.c,v 1.95 1998/07/15 05:21:48 bde Exp $ 43 */ 44 45 #include "opt_devfs.h" 46 47 #include <sys/param.h> 48 #include <sys/file.h> 49 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 50 #include <sys/kernel.h> 51 #include <sys/mount.h> 52 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 53 #include <sys/proc.h> 54 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 55 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 56 #include <sys/systm.h> 57 #include <sys/vnode.h> 58 #include <sys/sysent.h> 59 #include <sys/reboot.h> 60 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 61 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 62 #include <sys/unistd.h> 63 64 #include <machine/cpu.h> 65 66 #include <vm/vm.h> 67 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 68 #include <vm/vm_prot.h> 69 #include <sys/lock.h> 70 #include <vm/pmap.h> 71 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 72 #include <sys/user.h> 73 #include <sys/copyright.h> 74 75 extern struct linker_set sysinit_set; /* XXX */ 76 77 extern void __main __P((void)); 78 extern void main __P((void *framep)); 79 80 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 81 static struct session session0; 82 static struct pgrp pgrp0; 83 struct proc proc0; 84 static struct pcred cred0; 85 static struct filedesc0 filedesc0; 86 static struct plimit limit0; 87 static struct vmspace vmspace0; 88 struct proc *initproc; 89 90 int cmask = CMASK; 91 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 92 93 struct vnode *rootvp; 94 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */ 95 96 struct timeval boottime; 97 SYSCTL_STRUCT(_kern, KERN_BOOTTIME, boottime, 98 CTLFLAG_RD, &boottime, timeval, ""); 99 100 static int shutdowntimeout = 120; 101 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, shutdown_timeout, 102 CTLFLAG_RW, &shutdowntimeout, 0, ""); 103 104 /* 105 * Promiscuous argument pass for start_init() 106 * 107 * This is a kludge because we use a return from main() rather than a call 108 * to a new routine in locore.s to kick the kernel alive from locore.s. 109 */ 110 static void *init_framep; 111 112 113 #if __GNUC__ >= 2 114 void __main() {} 115 #endif 116 117 118 /* 119 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set 120 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never 121 * executed. 122 */ 123 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY,SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL) 124 125 126 /* 127 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 128 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 129 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 130 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 131 * 132 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require 133 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem 134 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object 135 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads". 136 */ 137 void 138 main(framep) 139 void *framep; 140 { 141 142 register struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/ 143 register struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/ 144 register struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/ 145 146 /* 147 * Copy the locore.s frame pointer for proc0, this is forked into 148 * all other processes. 149 */ 150 init_framep = framep; 151 152 /* 153 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by 154 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key). 155 * 156 * Since some things care about execution order, this is the 157 * operation which ensures continued function. 158 */ 159 for( sipp = (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items; *sipp; sipp++) { 160 for( xipp = sipp + 1; *xipp; xipp++) { 161 if( (*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem || 162 ( (*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem && 163 (*sipp)->order < (*xipp)->order)) 164 continue; /* skip*/ 165 save = *sipp; 166 *sipp = *xipp; 167 *xipp = save; 168 } 169 } 170 171 /* 172 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks. 173 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task. 174 * 175 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler, 176 * which will not return. 177 */ 178 for( sipp = (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items; *sipp; sipp++) { 179 180 if( (*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY) 181 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/ 182 183 switch( (*sipp)->type) { 184 case SI_TYPE_DEFAULT: 185 /* no special processing*/ 186 (*((*sipp)->func))( (*sipp)->udata); 187 break; 188 189 case SI_TYPE_KTHREAD: 190 #if !defined(SMP) 191 /* kernel thread*/ 192 if (fork1(&proc0, RFMEM|RFFDG|RFPROC)) 193 panic("fork kernel thread"); 194 cpu_set_fork_handler(pfind(proc0.p_retval[0]), 195 (*sipp)->func, (*sipp)->udata); 196 break; 197 #endif 198 199 case SI_TYPE_KPROCESS: 200 if (fork1(&proc0, RFFDG|RFPROC)) 201 panic("fork kernel process"); 202 cpu_set_fork_handler(pfind(proc0.p_retval[0]), 203 (*sipp)->func, (*sipp)->udata); 204 break; 205 206 default: 207 panic( "init_main: unrecognized init type"); 208 } 209 } 210 211 panic("Shouldn't get here!"); 212 /* NOTREACHED*/ 213 } 214 215 216 /* 217 * Start a kernel process. This is called after a fork() call in 218 * main() in the file kern/init_main.c. 219 * 220 * This function is used to start "internal" daemons. 221 */ 222 /* ARGSUSED*/ 223 void 224 kproc_start(udata) 225 void *udata; 226 { 227 struct kproc_desc *kp = udata; 228 struct proc *p = curproc; 229 230 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC 231 printf("Start pid=%d <%s>\n",p->p_pid, kp->arg0); 232 #endif 233 234 /* save a global descriptor, if desired*/ 235 if( kp->global_procpp != NULL) 236 *kp->global_procpp = p; 237 238 /* this is a non-swapped system process*/ 239 p->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 240 241 /* set up arg0 for 'ps', et al*/ 242 strcpy( p->p_comm, kp->arg0); 243 244 /* call the processes' main()...*/ 245 (*kp->func)(); 246 247 /* NOTREACHED */ 248 panic("kproc_start: %s", kp->arg0); 249 } 250 251 252 /* 253 *************************************************************************** 254 **** 255 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet 256 **** been moved. 257 **** 258 *************************************************************************** 259 */ 260 #ifdef OMIT 261 /* 262 * Handled by vfs_mountroot (bad idea) at this time... should be 263 * done the same as 4.4Lite2. 264 */ 265 SYSINIT(swapinit, SI_SUB_SWAP, SI_ORDER_FIRST, swapinit, NULL) 266 #endif /* OMIT*/ 267 268 static void print_caddr_t __P((void *data)); 269 static void 270 print_caddr_t(data) 271 void *data; 272 { 273 printf("%s", (char *)data); 274 } 275 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright) 276 277 278 /* 279 *************************************************************************** 280 **** 281 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not 282 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of 283 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c 284 **** for right now. 285 **** 286 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they 287 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process). 288 **** 289 *************************************************************************** 290 */ 291 /* ARGSUSED*/ 292 static void proc0_init __P((void *dummy)); 293 static void 294 proc0_init(dummy) 295 void *dummy; 296 { 297 register struct proc *p; 298 register struct filedesc0 *fdp; 299 register unsigned i; 300 301 /* 302 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before 303 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 304 */ 305 p = &proc0; 306 curproc = p; /* XXX redundant*/ 307 308 /* 309 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 310 */ 311 procinit(); 312 313 /* 314 * Initialize sleep queue hash table 315 */ 316 sleepinit(); 317 318 /* 319 * additional VM structures 320 */ 321 vm_init2(); 322 323 /* 324 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 325 */ 326 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 327 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 328 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 329 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 330 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 331 332 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 333 session0.s_count = 1; 334 session0.s_leader = p; 335 336 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec; 337 338 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 339 p->p_stat = SRUN; 340 p->p_nice = NZERO; 341 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL; 342 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0; 343 344 /* 345 * Link for kernel based threads 346 */ 347 p->p_peers = 0; 348 p->p_leader = p; 349 350 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 351 352 /* Create credentials. */ 353 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 354 p->p_cred = &cred0; 355 p->p_ucred = crget(); 356 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 357 358 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 359 fdp = &filedesc0; 360 p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd; 361 fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1; 362 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask; 363 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles; 364 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags; 365 fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE; 366 367 /* Create the limits structures. */ 368 p->p_limit = &limit0; 369 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 370 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 371 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 372 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = 373 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles; 374 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = 375 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc; 376 i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count); 377 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i; 378 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i; 379 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3; 380 limit0.p_cpulimit = RLIM_INFINITY; 381 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 382 383 384 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 385 pmap_pinit0(&vmspace0.vm_pmap); 386 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 387 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1; 388 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 389 trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)); 390 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = &vmspace0.vm_pmap; 391 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 392 393 #ifndef __alpha__ /* XXX what is this? */ 394 #define INCOMPAT_LITES2 395 #ifdef INCOMPAT_LITES2 396 /* 397 * proc0 needs to have a coherent frame base in its stack. 398 */ 399 cpu_set_init_frame(p, init_framep); /* XXX! */ 400 #endif /* INCOMPAT_LITES2*/ 401 #endif 402 403 /* 404 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 405 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 406 */ 407 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 408 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts; 409 410 /* 411 * Charge root for one process. 412 */ 413 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 414 415 /* 416 * Initialize the procfs flags (to 0, of course) 417 */ 418 p->p_stops = p->p_stype = p->p_step = 0; 419 420 } 421 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL) 422 423 /* ARGSUSED*/ 424 static void proc0_post __P((void *dummy)); 425 static void 426 proc0_post(dummy) 427 void *dummy; 428 { 429 struct timespec ts; 430 431 /* 432 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time 433 * from the file system. Reset p->p_runtime as it may have been 434 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set. Set 435 * p->p_switchtime to be consistent with this unmunching. 436 */ 437 microtime(&proc0.p_stats->p_start); 438 proc0.p_runtime = 0; 439 microuptime(&proc0.p_switchtime); 440 441 /* 442 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump. 443 * XXX: Does read_random() contain enough bits to be used here ? 444 */ 445 nanotime(&ts); 446 srandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec); 447 448 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 449 siginit(&proc0); 450 } 451 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL) 452 453 454 455 456 /* 457 *************************************************************************** 458 **** 459 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the 460 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis. 461 **** 462 *************************************************************************** 463 */ 464 465 /* ARGSUSED */ 466 static void root_conf __P((void *dummy)); 467 static void 468 root_conf(dummy) 469 void *dummy; 470 { 471 cpu_rootconf(); 472 } 473 SYSINIT(root_conf, SI_SUB_ROOT_CONF, SI_ORDER_FIRST, root_conf, NULL) 474 475 /* ARGSUSED*/ 476 static void xxx_vfs_root_fdtab __P((void *dummy)); 477 static void 478 xxx_vfs_root_fdtab(dummy) 479 void *dummy; 480 { 481 register struct filedesc0 *fdp = &filedesc0; 482 483 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */ 484 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.cqh_first, &rootvnode)) 485 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 486 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir = rootvnode; 487 VREF(fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir); 488 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, &proc0); 489 fdp->fd_fd.fd_rdir = rootvnode; 490 } 491 SYSINIT(retrofit, SI_SUB_ROOT_FDTAB, SI_ORDER_FIRST, xxx_vfs_root_fdtab, NULL) 492 493 494 /* 495 *************************************************************************** 496 **** 497 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like 498 **** kern/init_init.c. It is here for two reasons only: 499 **** 500 **** 1) This code returns to startup the system; this is 501 **** abnormal for a kernel thread. 502 **** 2) This code promiscuously uses init_frame 503 **** 504 *************************************************************************** 505 */ 506 507 static void kthread_init __P((void *dummy)); 508 SYSINIT_KP(init,SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kthread_init, NULL) 509 510 511 extern void prepare_usermode __P((void)); 512 static void start_init __P((struct proc *p)); 513 514 /* ARGSUSED*/ 515 static void 516 kthread_init(dummy) 517 void *dummy; 518 { 519 /* Create process 1 (init(8)). */ 520 start_init(curproc); 521 522 prepare_usermode(); 523 524 /* 525 * This returns to the fork trampoline, then to user mode. 526 */ 527 return; 528 } 529 530 531 /* 532 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 533 */ 534 static char *initpaths[] = { 535 "/sbin/init", 536 "/sbin/oinit", 537 "/sbin/init.bak", 538 "/stand/sysinstall", 539 NULL, 540 }; 541 542 /* 543 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths". 544 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 545 */ 546 static void 547 start_init(p) 548 struct proc *p; 549 { 550 vm_offset_t addr; 551 struct execve_args args; 552 int options, i, error; 553 char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1; 554 555 initproc = p; 556 557 /* 558 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 559 */ 560 addr = trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS - PAGE_SIZE); 561 if (vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, FALSE, VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0) != 0) 562 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 563 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 564 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1; 565 566 for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) { 567 /* 568 * Move out the boot flag argument. 569 */ 570 options = 0; 571 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK; 572 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */ 573 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 574 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's'); 575 options = 1; 576 } 577 #ifdef notyet 578 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 579 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f'); 580 options = 1; 581 } 582 #endif 583 584 #ifdef BOOTCDROM 585 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C'); 586 options = 1; 587 #endif 588 if (options == 0) 589 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); 590 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */ 591 arg1 = ucp; 592 593 /* 594 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 595 */ 596 for (i = strlen(path) + 1; i >= 0; i--) 597 (void)subyte(--ucp, path[i]); 598 arg0 = ucp; 599 600 /* 601 * Move out the arg pointers. 602 */ 603 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(NBPW-1)); 604 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */ 605 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1); 606 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0); 607 608 /* 609 * Point at the arguments. 610 */ 611 args.fname = arg0; 612 args.argv = uap; 613 args.envv = NULL; 614 615 /* 616 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 617 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 618 * 619 * Otherwise return to main() which returns to btext 620 * which completes the system startup. 621 */ 622 if ((error = execve(p, &args)) == 0) 623 return; 624 if (error != ENOENT) 625 printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error); 626 } 627 printf("init: not found\n"); 628 panic("no init"); 629 } 630