1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 12 * 13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 15 * are met: 16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 22 * must display the following acknowledgement: 23 * This product includes software developed by the University of 24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 27 * without specific prior written permission. 28 * 29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 39 * SUCH DAMAGE. 40 * 41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 42 * $FreeBSD$ 43 */ 44 45 #include "opt_init_path.h" 46 47 #include <sys/param.h> 48 #include <sys/file.h> 49 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 50 #include <sys/kernel.h> 51 #include <sys/mount.h> 52 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 53 #include <sys/proc.h> 54 #include <sys/kthread.h> 55 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 56 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 57 #include <sys/systm.h> 58 #include <sys/vnode.h> 59 #include <sys/sysent.h> 60 #include <sys/reboot.h> 61 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 62 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 63 #include <sys/unistd.h> 64 #include <sys/malloc.h> 65 66 #include <machine/cpu.h> 67 68 #include <vm/vm.h> 69 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 70 #include <vm/vm_prot.h> 71 #include <sys/lock.h> 72 #include <vm/pmap.h> 73 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 74 #include <sys/user.h> 75 #include <sys/copyright.h> 76 77 extern struct linker_set sysinit_set; /* XXX */ 78 79 extern void mi_startup __P((void *framep)); 80 81 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 82 static struct session session0; 83 static struct pgrp pgrp0; 84 struct proc proc0; 85 static struct pcred cred0; 86 static struct procsig procsig0; 87 static struct filedesc0 filedesc0; 88 static struct plimit limit0; 89 static struct vmspace vmspace0; 90 struct proc *initproc; 91 92 int cmask = CMASK; 93 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 94 95 struct vnode *rootvp; 96 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */ 97 98 struct timeval boottime; 99 SYSCTL_STRUCT(_kern, KERN_BOOTTIME, boottime, CTLFLAG_RD, 100 &boottime, timeval, "System boottime"); 101 102 /* 103 * Promiscuous argument pass for start_init() 104 * 105 * This is a kludge because we use a return from mi_startup() rather than a call 106 * to a new routine in locore.s to kick the kernel alive from locore.s. 107 */ 108 static void *init_framep; 109 110 /* 111 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set 112 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never 113 * executed. 114 */ 115 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY,SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL) 116 117 /* 118 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run. 119 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit. 120 */ 121 struct sysinit **sysinit = (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items; 122 struct sysinit **newsysinit; 123 124 /* 125 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if 126 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running. 127 */ 128 void 129 sysinit_add(set) 130 struct sysinit **set; 131 { 132 struct sysinit **newset; 133 struct sysinit **sipp; 134 struct sysinit **xipp; 135 int count = 0; 136 137 if (newsysinit) 138 for (sipp = newsysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 139 count++; 140 else 141 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 142 count++; 143 for (sipp = set; *sipp; sipp++) 144 count++; 145 count++; /* Trailing NULL */ 146 newset = malloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT); 147 if (newset == NULL) 148 panic("cannot malloc for sysinit"); 149 xipp = newset; 150 if (newsysinit) 151 for (sipp = newsysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 152 *xipp++ = *sipp; 153 else 154 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 155 *xipp++ = *sipp; 156 for (sipp = set; *sipp; sipp++) 157 *xipp++ = *sipp; 158 *xipp = NULL; 159 if (newsysinit) 160 free(newsysinit, M_TEMP); 161 newsysinit = newset; 162 } 163 164 /* 165 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 166 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 167 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 168 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 169 * 170 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require 171 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem 172 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object 173 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads". 174 */ 175 void 176 mi_startup(framep) 177 void *framep; 178 { 179 180 register struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/ 181 register struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/ 182 register struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/ 183 184 /* 185 * Copy the locore.s frame pointer for proc0, this is forked into 186 * all other processes. 187 */ 188 init_framep = framep; 189 190 restart: 191 /* 192 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by 193 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key). 194 */ 195 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) { 196 for (xipp = sipp + 1; *xipp; xipp++) { 197 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem || 198 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem && 199 (*sipp)->order < (*xipp)->order)) 200 continue; /* skip*/ 201 save = *sipp; 202 *sipp = *xipp; 203 *xipp = save; 204 } 205 } 206 207 /* 208 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks. 209 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task. 210 * 211 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler, 212 * which will not return. 213 */ 214 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) { 215 216 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY) 217 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/ 218 219 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DONE) 220 continue; 221 222 /* Call function */ 223 (*((*sipp)->func))((*sipp)->udata); 224 225 /* Check off the one we're just done */ 226 (*sipp)->subsystem = SI_SUB_DONE; 227 228 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */ 229 if (newsysinit != NULL) { 230 if (sysinit != (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items) 231 free(sysinit, M_TEMP); 232 sysinit = newsysinit; 233 newsysinit = NULL; 234 goto restart; 235 } 236 } 237 238 panic("Shouldn't get here!"); 239 /* NOTREACHED*/ 240 } 241 242 243 /* 244 *************************************************************************** 245 **** 246 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet 247 **** been moved. 248 **** 249 *************************************************************************** 250 */ 251 #ifdef OMIT 252 /* 253 * Handled by vfs_mountroot (bad idea) at this time... should be 254 * done the same as 4.4Lite2. 255 */ 256 SYSINIT(swapinit, SI_SUB_SWAP, SI_ORDER_FIRST, swapinit, NULL) 257 #endif /* OMIT*/ 258 259 static void print_caddr_t __P((void *data)); 260 static void 261 print_caddr_t(data) 262 void *data; 263 { 264 printf("%s", (char *)data); 265 } 266 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright) 267 268 269 /* 270 *************************************************************************** 271 **** 272 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not 273 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of 274 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c 275 **** for right now. 276 **** 277 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they 278 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process). 279 **** 280 *************************************************************************** 281 */ 282 /* ARGSUSED*/ 283 static void proc0_init __P((void *dummy)); 284 static void 285 proc0_init(dummy) 286 void *dummy; 287 { 288 register struct proc *p; 289 register struct filedesc0 *fdp; 290 register unsigned i; 291 292 p = &proc0; 293 294 /* 295 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 296 */ 297 procinit(); 298 299 /* 300 * Initialize sleep queue hash table 301 */ 302 sleepinit(); 303 304 /* 305 * additional VM structures 306 */ 307 vm_init2(); 308 309 /* 310 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 311 */ 312 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 313 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 314 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 315 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 316 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 317 318 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 319 session0.s_count = 1; 320 session0.s_leader = p; 321 322 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec; 323 324 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 325 p->p_stat = SRUN; 326 p->p_nice = NZERO; 327 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL; 328 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0; 329 330 /* 331 * Link for kernel based threads 332 */ 333 p->p_peers = 0; 334 p->p_leader = p; 335 336 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 337 338 /* Create credentials. */ 339 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 340 p->p_cred = &cred0; 341 p->p_ucred = crget(); 342 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 343 344 /* Don't jail it */ 345 p->p_prison = 0; 346 347 /* Create procsig. */ 348 p->p_procsig = &procsig0; 349 p->p_procsig->ps_refcnt = 1; 350 351 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 352 fdp = &filedesc0; 353 p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd; 354 fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1; 355 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask; 356 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles; 357 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags; 358 fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE; 359 360 /* Create the limits structures. */ 361 p->p_limit = &limit0; 362 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 363 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 364 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 365 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = 366 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles; 367 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = 368 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc; 369 i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count); 370 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i; 371 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i; 372 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3; 373 limit0.p_cpulimit = RLIM_INFINITY; 374 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 375 376 377 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 378 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0)); 379 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 380 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1; 381 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 382 trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)); 383 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0); 384 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 385 386 #ifdef cpu_set_init_frame 387 /* 388 * proc0 needs to have a coherent frame base in its stack. 389 */ 390 cpu_set_init_frame(p, init_framep); /* XXX! */ 391 #endif 392 393 /* 394 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 395 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 396 */ 397 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 398 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts; 399 400 /* 401 * Charge root for one process. 402 */ 403 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 404 405 /* 406 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before 407 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 408 */ 409 SET_CURPROC(p); 410 411 } 412 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL) 413 414 /* ARGSUSED*/ 415 static void proc0_post __P((void *dummy)); 416 static void 417 proc0_post(dummy) 418 void *dummy; 419 { 420 struct timespec ts; 421 422 /* 423 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the 424 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now. 425 */ 426 microtime(&proc0.p_stats->p_start); 427 proc0.p_runtime = 0; 428 microuptime(&switchtime); 429 switchticks = ticks; 430 431 /* 432 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump. 433 * XXX: Does read_random() contain enough bits to be used here ? 434 */ 435 nanotime(&ts); 436 srandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec); 437 438 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 439 siginit(&proc0); 440 } 441 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL) 442 443 444 445 446 /* 447 *************************************************************************** 448 **** 449 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the 450 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis. 451 **** 452 *************************************************************************** 453 */ 454 455 /* ARGSUSED */ 456 static void root_conf __P((void *dummy)); 457 static void 458 root_conf(dummy) 459 void *dummy; 460 { 461 cpu_rootconf(); 462 } 463 SYSINIT(root_conf, SI_SUB_ROOT_CONF, SI_ORDER_FIRST, root_conf, NULL) 464 465 /* ARGSUSED*/ 466 static void xxx_vfs_root_fdtab __P((void *dummy)); 467 static void 468 xxx_vfs_root_fdtab(dummy) 469 void *dummy; 470 { 471 register struct filedesc0 *fdp = &filedesc0; 472 473 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */ 474 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.cqh_first, &rootvnode)) 475 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 476 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir = rootvnode; 477 VREF(fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir); 478 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, &proc0); 479 fdp->fd_fd.fd_rdir = rootvnode; 480 } 481 SYSINIT(retrofit, SI_SUB_ROOT_FDTAB, SI_ORDER_FIRST, xxx_vfs_root_fdtab, NULL) 482 483 484 /* 485 *************************************************************************** 486 **** 487 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like 488 **** kern/init_init.c. It is here for two reasons only: 489 **** 490 **** 1) This code returns to startup the system; this is 491 **** abnormal for a kernel thread. 492 **** 2) This code promiscuously uses init_frame 493 **** 494 *************************************************************************** 495 */ 496 497 extern void prepare_usermode __P((void)); 498 static void create_init __P((const void *dummy)); 499 static void start_init __P((void *dummy)); 500 SYSINIT(init,SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL) 501 502 /* 503 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space. 504 */ 505 static void 506 create_init(udata) 507 const void *udata; 508 { 509 int error; 510 511 error = fork1(&proc0, RFFDG | RFPROC, &initproc); 512 if (error) 513 panic("cannot fork init: %d\n", error); 514 initproc->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 515 cpu_set_fork_handler(initproc, start_init, NULL); 516 } 517 518 /* 519 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 520 */ 521 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] = 522 #ifdef INIT_PATH 523 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH); 524 #else 525 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/stand/sysinstall"; 526 #endif 527 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, ""); 528 529 /* 530 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path. 531 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 532 */ 533 static void 534 start_init(dummy) 535 void *dummy; 536 { 537 vm_offset_t addr; 538 struct execve_args args; 539 int options, error; 540 char *var, *path, *next, *s; 541 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1; 542 struct proc *p; 543 544 p = curproc; 545 546 /* 547 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 548 */ 549 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE); 550 if (vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 551 FALSE, VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0) != 0) 552 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 553 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 554 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1; 555 556 if ((var = getenv("init_path")) != NULL) { 557 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path); 558 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0; 559 } 560 561 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) { 562 while (*path == ':') 563 path++; 564 if (*path == '\0') 565 break; 566 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++) 567 /* nothing */ ; 568 if (bootverbose) 569 printf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path), 570 path); 571 572 /* 573 * Move out the boot flag argument. 574 */ 575 options = 0; 576 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK; 577 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */ 578 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 579 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's'); 580 options = 1; 581 } 582 #ifdef notyet 583 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 584 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f'); 585 options = 1; 586 } 587 #endif 588 589 #ifdef BOOTCDROM 590 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C'); 591 options = 1; 592 #endif 593 if (options == 0) 594 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); 595 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */ 596 arg1 = ucp; 597 598 /* 599 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 600 */ 601 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); 602 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--) 603 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s); 604 arg0 = ucp; 605 606 /* 607 * Move out the arg pointers. 608 */ 609 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1)); 610 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */ 611 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1); 612 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0); 613 614 /* 615 * Point at the arguments. 616 */ 617 args.fname = arg0; 618 args.argv = uap; 619 args.envv = NULL; 620 621 /* 622 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 623 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 624 * 625 * Otherwise, return via the fork trampoline all the way 626 * to user mode as init! 627 */ 628 if ((error = execve(p, &args)) == 0) { 629 prepare_usermode(); 630 return; 631 } 632 if (error != ENOENT) 633 printf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path), 634 path, error); 635 } 636 printf("init: not found\n"); 637 panic("no init"); 638 } 639