1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 12 * 13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 15 * are met: 16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 22 * must display the following acknowledgement: 23 * This product includes software developed by the University of 24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 27 * without specific prior written permission. 28 * 29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 39 * SUCH DAMAGE. 40 * 41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 42 * $Id: init_main.c,v 1.123 1999/06/30 15:33:32 peter Exp $ 43 */ 44 45 #include "opt_devfs.h" 46 #include "opt_init_path.h" 47 48 #include <sys/param.h> 49 #include <sys/file.h> 50 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 51 #include <sys/kernel.h> 52 #include <sys/mount.h> 53 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 54 #include <sys/proc.h> 55 #include <sys/kthread.h> 56 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 57 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 58 #include <sys/systm.h> 59 #include <sys/vnode.h> 60 #include <sys/sysent.h> 61 #include <sys/reboot.h> 62 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 63 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 64 #include <sys/unistd.h> 65 #include <sys/malloc.h> 66 67 #include <machine/cpu.h> 68 69 #include <vm/vm.h> 70 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 71 #include <vm/vm_prot.h> 72 #include <sys/lock.h> 73 #include <vm/pmap.h> 74 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 75 #include <sys/user.h> 76 #include <sys/copyright.h> 77 78 extern struct linker_set sysinit_set; /* XXX */ 79 80 extern void mi_startup __P((void *framep)); 81 82 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 83 static struct session session0; 84 static struct pgrp pgrp0; 85 struct proc proc0; 86 static struct pcred cred0; 87 static struct procsig procsig0; 88 static struct filedesc0 filedesc0; 89 static struct plimit limit0; 90 static struct vmspace vmspace0; 91 struct proc *initproc; 92 93 int cmask = CMASK; 94 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 95 96 struct vnode *rootvp; 97 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */ 98 99 struct timeval boottime; 100 SYSCTL_STRUCT(_kern, KERN_BOOTTIME, boottime, CTLFLAG_RD, 101 &boottime, timeval, "System boottime"); 102 103 /* 104 * Promiscuous argument pass for start_init() 105 * 106 * This is a kludge because we use a return from mi_startup() rather than a call 107 * to a new routine in locore.s to kick the kernel alive from locore.s. 108 */ 109 static void *init_framep; 110 111 /* 112 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set 113 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never 114 * executed. 115 */ 116 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY,SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL) 117 118 /* 119 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run. 120 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit. 121 */ 122 struct sysinit **sysinit = (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items; 123 struct sysinit **newsysinit; 124 125 /* 126 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if 127 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running. 128 */ 129 void 130 sysinit_add(set) 131 struct sysinit **set; 132 { 133 struct sysinit **newset; 134 struct sysinit **sipp; 135 struct sysinit **xipp; 136 int count = 0; 137 138 if (newsysinit) 139 for (sipp = newsysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 140 count++; 141 else 142 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 143 count++; 144 for (sipp = set; *sipp; sipp++) 145 count++; 146 count++; /* Trailing NULL */ 147 newset = malloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT); 148 if (newset == NULL) 149 panic("cannot malloc for sysinit"); 150 xipp = newset; 151 if (newsysinit) 152 for (sipp = newsysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 153 *xipp++ = *sipp; 154 else 155 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 156 *xipp++ = *sipp; 157 for (sipp = set; *sipp; sipp++) 158 *xipp++ = *sipp; 159 *xipp = NULL; 160 if (newsysinit) 161 free(newsysinit, M_TEMP); 162 newsysinit = newset; 163 } 164 165 /* 166 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 167 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 168 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 169 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 170 * 171 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require 172 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem 173 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object 174 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads". 175 */ 176 void 177 mi_startup(framep) 178 void *framep; 179 { 180 181 register struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/ 182 register struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/ 183 register struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/ 184 185 /* 186 * Copy the locore.s frame pointer for proc0, this is forked into 187 * all other processes. 188 */ 189 init_framep = framep; 190 191 restart: 192 /* 193 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by 194 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key). 195 */ 196 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) { 197 for (xipp = sipp + 1; *xipp; xipp++) { 198 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem || 199 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem && 200 (*sipp)->order < (*xipp)->order)) 201 continue; /* skip*/ 202 save = *sipp; 203 *sipp = *xipp; 204 *xipp = save; 205 } 206 } 207 208 /* 209 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks. 210 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task. 211 * 212 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler, 213 * which will not return. 214 */ 215 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) { 216 217 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY) 218 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/ 219 220 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DONE) 221 continue; 222 223 /* Call function */ 224 (*((*sipp)->func))((*sipp)->udata); 225 226 /* Check off the one we're just done */ 227 (*sipp)->subsystem = SI_SUB_DONE; 228 229 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */ 230 if (newsysinit != NULL) { 231 if (sysinit != (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items) 232 free(sysinit, M_TEMP); 233 sysinit = newsysinit; 234 newsysinit = NULL; 235 goto restart; 236 } 237 } 238 239 panic("Shouldn't get here!"); 240 /* NOTREACHED*/ 241 } 242 243 244 /* 245 *************************************************************************** 246 **** 247 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet 248 **** been moved. 249 **** 250 *************************************************************************** 251 */ 252 #ifdef OMIT 253 /* 254 * Handled by vfs_mountroot (bad idea) at this time... should be 255 * done the same as 4.4Lite2. 256 */ 257 SYSINIT(swapinit, SI_SUB_SWAP, SI_ORDER_FIRST, swapinit, NULL) 258 #endif /* OMIT*/ 259 260 static void print_caddr_t __P((void *data)); 261 static void 262 print_caddr_t(data) 263 void *data; 264 { 265 printf("%s", (char *)data); 266 } 267 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright) 268 269 270 /* 271 *************************************************************************** 272 **** 273 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not 274 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of 275 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c 276 **** for right now. 277 **** 278 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they 279 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process). 280 **** 281 *************************************************************************** 282 */ 283 /* ARGSUSED*/ 284 static void proc0_init __P((void *dummy)); 285 static void 286 proc0_init(dummy) 287 void *dummy; 288 { 289 register struct proc *p; 290 register struct filedesc0 *fdp; 291 register unsigned i; 292 293 p = &proc0; 294 295 /* 296 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 297 */ 298 procinit(); 299 300 /* 301 * Initialize sleep queue hash table 302 */ 303 sleepinit(); 304 305 /* 306 * additional VM structures 307 */ 308 vm_init2(); 309 310 /* 311 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 312 */ 313 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 314 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 315 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 316 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 317 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 318 319 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 320 session0.s_count = 1; 321 session0.s_leader = p; 322 323 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec; 324 325 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 326 p->p_stat = SRUN; 327 p->p_nice = NZERO; 328 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL; 329 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0; 330 331 /* 332 * Link for kernel based threads 333 */ 334 p->p_peers = 0; 335 p->p_leader = p; 336 337 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 338 339 /* Create credentials. */ 340 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 341 p->p_cred = &cred0; 342 p->p_ucred = crget(); 343 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 344 345 /* Don't jail it */ 346 p->p_prison = 0; 347 348 /* Create procsig. */ 349 p->p_procsig = &procsig0; 350 p->p_procsig->ps_refcnt = 1; 351 352 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 353 fdp = &filedesc0; 354 p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd; 355 fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1; 356 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask; 357 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles; 358 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags; 359 fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE; 360 361 /* Create the limits structures. */ 362 p->p_limit = &limit0; 363 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 364 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 365 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 366 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = 367 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles; 368 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = 369 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc; 370 i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count); 371 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i; 372 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i; 373 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3; 374 limit0.p_cpulimit = RLIM_INFINITY; 375 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 376 377 378 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 379 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0)); 380 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 381 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1; 382 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 383 trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)); 384 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0); 385 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 386 387 #ifdef cpu_set_init_frame 388 /* 389 * proc0 needs to have a coherent frame base in its stack. 390 */ 391 cpu_set_init_frame(p, init_framep); /* XXX! */ 392 #endif 393 394 /* 395 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 396 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 397 */ 398 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 399 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts; 400 401 /* 402 * Charge root for one process. 403 */ 404 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 405 406 /* 407 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before 408 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 409 */ 410 SET_CURPROC(p); 411 412 } 413 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL) 414 415 /* ARGSUSED*/ 416 static void proc0_post __P((void *dummy)); 417 static void 418 proc0_post(dummy) 419 void *dummy; 420 { 421 struct timespec ts; 422 423 /* 424 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the 425 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now. 426 */ 427 microtime(&proc0.p_stats->p_start); 428 proc0.p_runtime = 0; 429 microuptime(&switchtime); 430 switchticks = ticks; 431 432 /* 433 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump. 434 * XXX: Does read_random() contain enough bits to be used here ? 435 */ 436 nanotime(&ts); 437 srandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec); 438 439 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 440 siginit(&proc0); 441 } 442 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL) 443 444 445 446 447 /* 448 *************************************************************************** 449 **** 450 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the 451 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis. 452 **** 453 *************************************************************************** 454 */ 455 456 /* ARGSUSED */ 457 static void root_conf __P((void *dummy)); 458 static void 459 root_conf(dummy) 460 void *dummy; 461 { 462 cpu_rootconf(); 463 } 464 SYSINIT(root_conf, SI_SUB_ROOT_CONF, SI_ORDER_FIRST, root_conf, NULL) 465 466 /* ARGSUSED*/ 467 static void xxx_vfs_root_fdtab __P((void *dummy)); 468 static void 469 xxx_vfs_root_fdtab(dummy) 470 void *dummy; 471 { 472 register struct filedesc0 *fdp = &filedesc0; 473 474 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */ 475 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.cqh_first, &rootvnode)) 476 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 477 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir = rootvnode; 478 VREF(fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir); 479 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, &proc0); 480 fdp->fd_fd.fd_rdir = rootvnode; 481 } 482 SYSINIT(retrofit, SI_SUB_ROOT_FDTAB, SI_ORDER_FIRST, xxx_vfs_root_fdtab, NULL) 483 484 485 /* 486 *************************************************************************** 487 **** 488 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like 489 **** kern/init_init.c. It is here for two reasons only: 490 **** 491 **** 1) This code returns to startup the system; this is 492 **** abnormal for a kernel thread. 493 **** 2) This code promiscuously uses init_frame 494 **** 495 *************************************************************************** 496 */ 497 498 extern void prepare_usermode __P((void)); 499 static void create_init __P((const void *dummy)); 500 static void start_init __P((void *dummy)); 501 SYSINIT(init,SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL) 502 503 /* 504 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space. 505 */ 506 static void 507 create_init(udata) 508 const void *udata; 509 { 510 int error; 511 512 error = fork1(&proc0, RFFDG | RFPROC, &initproc); 513 if (error) 514 panic("cannot fork init: %d\n", error); 515 initproc->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 516 cpu_set_fork_handler(initproc, start_init, NULL); 517 } 518 519 /* 520 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 521 */ 522 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] = 523 #ifdef INIT_PATH 524 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH); 525 #else 526 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/stand/sysinstall"; 527 #endif 528 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, ""); 529 530 /* 531 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path. 532 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 533 */ 534 static void 535 start_init(dummy) 536 void *dummy; 537 { 538 vm_offset_t addr; 539 struct execve_args args; 540 int options, error; 541 char *var, *path, *next, *s; 542 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1; 543 struct proc *p; 544 545 p = curproc; 546 547 /* 548 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 549 */ 550 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE); 551 if (vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 552 FALSE, VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0) != 0) 553 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 554 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 555 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1; 556 557 if ((var = getenv("init_path")) != NULL) { 558 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path); 559 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0; 560 } 561 562 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) { 563 while (*path == ':') 564 path++; 565 if (*path == '\0') 566 break; 567 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++) 568 /* nothing */ ; 569 if (bootverbose) 570 printf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path), 571 path); 572 573 /* 574 * Move out the boot flag argument. 575 */ 576 options = 0; 577 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK; 578 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */ 579 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 580 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's'); 581 options = 1; 582 } 583 #ifdef notyet 584 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 585 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f'); 586 options = 1; 587 } 588 #endif 589 590 #ifdef BOOTCDROM 591 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C'); 592 options = 1; 593 #endif 594 if (options == 0) 595 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); 596 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */ 597 arg1 = ucp; 598 599 /* 600 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 601 */ 602 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); 603 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--) 604 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s); 605 arg0 = ucp; 606 607 /* 608 * Move out the arg pointers. 609 */ 610 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1)); 611 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */ 612 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1); 613 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0); 614 615 /* 616 * Point at the arguments. 617 */ 618 args.fname = arg0; 619 args.argv = uap; 620 args.envv = NULL; 621 622 /* 623 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 624 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 625 * 626 * Otherwise, return via the fork trampoline all the way 627 * to user mode as init! 628 */ 629 if ((error = execve(p, &args)) == 0) { 630 prepare_usermode(); 631 return; 632 } 633 if (error != ENOENT) 634 printf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path), 635 path, error); 636 } 637 printf("init: not found\n"); 638 panic("no init"); 639 } 640