1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 12 * 13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 15 * are met: 16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 22 * must display the following acknowledgement: 23 * This product includes software developed by the University of 24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 27 * without specific prior written permission. 28 * 29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 39 * SUCH DAMAGE. 40 * 41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 42 * $Id: init_main.c,v 1.58 1997/03/01 17:49:09 wosch Exp $ 43 */ 44 45 #include "opt_rlimit.h" 46 #include "opt_devfs.h" 47 48 #include <sys/param.h> 49 #include <sys/file.h> 50 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 51 #include <sys/kernel.h> 52 #include <sys/mount.h> 53 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 54 #include <sys/proc.h> 55 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 56 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 57 #include <sys/systm.h> 58 #include <sys/vnode.h> 59 #include <sys/sysent.h> 60 #include <sys/reboot.h> 61 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 62 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 63 64 #include <machine/cpu.h> 65 66 #include <vm/vm.h> 67 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 68 #include <vm/vm_prot.h> 69 #include <sys/lock.h> 70 #include <vm/pmap.h> 71 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 72 #include <sys/user.h> 73 #include <sys/copyright.h> 74 75 extern struct linker_set sysinit_set; /* XXX */ 76 77 extern void __main __P((void)); 78 extern void main __P((void *framep)); 79 80 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 81 static struct session session0; 82 static struct pgrp pgrp0; 83 struct proc proc0; 84 static struct pcred cred0; 85 static struct filedesc0 filedesc0; 86 static struct plimit limit0; 87 static struct vmspace vmspace0; 88 struct proc *curproc = &proc0; 89 struct proc *initproc; 90 91 int cmask = CMASK; 92 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 93 94 struct vnode *rootvp; 95 int boothowto; 96 97 struct timeval boottime; 98 SYSCTL_STRUCT(_kern, KERN_BOOTTIME, boottime, 99 CTLFLAG_RW, &boottime, timeval, ""); 100 101 struct timeval runtime; 102 103 /* 104 * Promiscuous argument pass for start_init() 105 * 106 * This is a kludge because we use a return from main() rather than a call 107 * to a new routine in locore.s to kick the kernel alive from locore.s. 108 */ 109 static void *init_framep; 110 111 112 #if __GNUC__ >= 2 113 void __main() {} 114 #endif 115 116 117 /* 118 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set 119 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never 120 * executed. 121 */ 122 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY,SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL) 123 124 125 /* 126 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 127 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 128 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 129 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 130 * 131 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require 132 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem 133 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object 134 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads", like an LFS 135 * cleaner. 136 */ 137 void 138 main(framep) 139 void *framep; 140 { 141 142 register struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/ 143 register struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/ 144 register struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/ 145 int rval[2]; /* SI_TYPE_KTHREAD support*/ 146 147 /* 148 * Save the locore.s frame pointer for start_init(). 149 */ 150 init_framep = framep; 151 152 /* 153 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by 154 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key). 155 * 156 * Since some things care about execution order, this is the 157 * operation which ensures continued function. 158 */ 159 for( sipp = (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items; *sipp; sipp++) { 160 for( xipp = sipp + 1; *xipp; xipp++) { 161 if( (*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem || 162 ( (*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem && 163 (*sipp)->order < (*xipp)->order)) 164 continue; /* skip*/ 165 save = *sipp; 166 *sipp = *xipp; 167 *xipp = save; 168 } 169 } 170 171 /* 172 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks. 173 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task. 174 * 175 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler, 176 * which will not return. 177 */ 178 for( sipp = (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items; *sipp; sipp++) { 179 if( (*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY) 180 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/ 181 182 switch( (*sipp)->type) { 183 case SI_TYPE_DEFAULT: 184 /* no special processing*/ 185 (*((*sipp)->func))( (*sipp)->udata); 186 break; 187 188 case SI_TYPE_KTHREAD: 189 /* kernel thread*/ 190 if (fork(&proc0, NULL, rval)) 191 panic("fork kernel process"); 192 if (rval[1]) { 193 (*((*sipp)->func))( (*sipp)->udata); 194 /* 195 * The call to start "init" returns 196 * here after the scheduler has been 197 * started, and returns to the caller 198 * in i386/i386/locore.s. This is a 199 * necessary part of initialization 200 * and is rather non-obvious. 201 * 202 * No other "kernel threads" should 203 * return here. Call panic() instead. 204 */ 205 return; 206 } 207 break; 208 209 default: 210 panic( "init_main: unrecognized init type"); 211 } 212 } 213 214 /* NOTREACHED*/ 215 } 216 217 218 /* 219 * Start a kernel process. This is called after a fork() call in 220 * main() in the file kern/init_main.c. 221 * 222 * This function is used to start "internal" daemons. 223 */ 224 /* ARGSUSED*/ 225 void 226 kproc_start(udata) 227 void *udata; 228 { 229 struct kproc_desc *kp = udata; 230 struct proc *p = curproc; 231 232 /* save a global descriptor, if desired*/ 233 if( kp->global_procpp != NULL) 234 *kp->global_procpp = p; 235 236 /* this is a non-swapped system process*/ 237 p->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 238 239 /* set up arg0 for 'ps', et al*/ 240 strcpy( p->p_comm, kp->arg0); 241 242 /* call the processes' main()...*/ 243 (*kp->func)(); 244 245 /* NOTREACHED */ 246 panic("kproc_start: %s", kp->arg0); 247 } 248 249 250 /* 251 *************************************************************************** 252 **** 253 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet 254 **** been moved. 255 **** 256 *************************************************************************** 257 */ 258 #ifdef OMIT 259 /* 260 * Handled by vfs_mountroot (bad idea) at this time... should be 261 * done the same as 4.4Lite2. 262 */ 263 SYSINIT(swapinit, SI_SUB_SWAP, SI_ORDER_FIRST, swapinit, NULL) 264 #endif /* OMIT*/ 265 266 static void print_caddr_t __P((void *data)); 267 static void 268 print_caddr_t(data) 269 void *data; 270 { 271 printf("%s", (char *)data); 272 } 273 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright) 274 275 276 /* 277 *************************************************************************** 278 **** 279 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not 280 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of 281 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c 282 **** for right now. 283 **** 284 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they 285 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process). 286 **** 287 *************************************************************************** 288 */ 289 /* ARGSUSED*/ 290 static void proc0_init __P((void *dummy)); 291 static void 292 proc0_init(dummy) 293 void *dummy; 294 { 295 register struct proc *p; 296 register struct filedesc0 *fdp; 297 register unsigned i; 298 299 /* 300 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before 301 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 302 */ 303 p = &proc0; 304 curproc = p; /* XXX redundant*/ 305 306 /* 307 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 308 */ 309 procinit(); 310 311 /* 312 * Initialize sleep queue hash table 313 */ 314 sleepinit(); 315 316 /* 317 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 318 */ 319 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 320 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 321 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 322 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 323 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 324 325 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 326 session0.s_count = 1; 327 session0.s_leader = p; 328 329 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec; 330 331 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 332 p->p_stat = SRUN; 333 p->p_nice = NZERO; 334 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL; 335 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0; 336 337 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 338 339 /* Create credentials. */ 340 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 341 p->p_cred = &cred0; 342 p->p_ucred = crget(); 343 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 344 345 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 346 fdp = &filedesc0; 347 p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd; 348 fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1; 349 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask; 350 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles; 351 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags; 352 fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE; 353 354 /* Create the limits structures. */ 355 p->p_limit = &limit0; 356 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 357 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 358 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 359 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = 360 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles; 361 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = 362 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc; 363 i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count); 364 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i; 365 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i; 366 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3; 367 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 368 369 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 370 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 371 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1; 372 pmap_pinit(&vmspace0.vm_pmap); 373 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 374 trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS), TRUE); 375 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = &vmspace0.vm_pmap; 376 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 377 378 #define INCOMPAT_LITES2 379 #ifdef INCOMPAT_LITES2 380 /* 381 * proc0 needs to have a coherent frame base, too. 382 * This probably makes the identical call for the init proc 383 * that happens later unnecessary since it should inherit 384 * it during the fork. 385 */ 386 cpu_set_init_frame(p, init_framep); /* XXX! */ 387 #endif /* INCOMPAT_LITES2*/ 388 389 /* 390 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 391 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 392 */ 393 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 394 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts; 395 396 /* 397 * Charge root for one process. 398 */ 399 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 400 } 401 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL) 402 403 /* ARGSUSED*/ 404 static void proc0_post __P((void *dummy)); 405 static void 406 proc0_post(dummy) 407 void *dummy; 408 { 409 struct timeval tv; 410 411 /* 412 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time 413 * from the file system. Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been 414 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set. 415 */ 416 gettime(&boottime); 417 proc0.p_stats->p_start = runtime = mono_time = boottime; 418 proc0.p_rtime.tv_sec = proc0.p_rtime.tv_usec = 0; 419 420 /* 421 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump. 422 */ 423 microtime(&tv); 424 srandom(tv.tv_sec ^ tv.tv_usec); 425 426 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 427 siginit(&proc0); 428 } 429 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL) 430 431 432 433 434 /* 435 *************************************************************************** 436 **** 437 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the 438 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis. 439 **** 440 *************************************************************************** 441 */ 442 /* ARGSUSED*/ 443 static void sched_setup __P((void *dummy)); 444 static void 445 sched_setup(dummy) 446 void *dummy; 447 { 448 /* Kick off timeout driven events by calling first time. */ 449 roundrobin(NULL); 450 schedcpu(NULL); 451 } 452 SYSINIT(sched_setup, SI_SUB_KICK_SCHEDULER, SI_ORDER_FIRST, sched_setup, NULL) 453 454 /* ARGSUSED*/ 455 static void xxx_vfs_mountroot __P((void *fsnamep)); 456 static void 457 xxx_vfs_mountroot(fsnamep) 458 void *fsnamep; 459 { 460 /* Mount the root file system. */ 461 if (vfs_mountrootfs(*((char **) fsnamep))) 462 panic("cannot mount root"); 463 } 464 SYSINIT(mountroot, SI_SUB_ROOT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, xxx_vfs_mountroot, &mountrootfsname) 465 466 /* ARGSUSED*/ 467 static void xxx_vfs_root_fdtab __P((void *dummy)); 468 static void 469 xxx_vfs_root_fdtab(dummy) 470 void *dummy; 471 { 472 register struct filedesc0 *fdp = &filedesc0; 473 474 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */ 475 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.cqh_first, &rootvnode)) 476 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 477 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir = rootvnode; 478 VREF(fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir); 479 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, &proc0); 480 fdp->fd_fd.fd_rdir = NULL; 481 } 482 SYSINIT(retrofit, SI_SUB_ROOT_FDTAB, SI_ORDER_FIRST, xxx_vfs_root_fdtab, NULL) 483 484 485 /* 486 *************************************************************************** 487 **** 488 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like 489 **** kern/init_init.c. It is here for two reasons only: 490 **** 491 **** 1) This code returns to startup the system; this is 492 **** abnormal for a kernel thread. 493 **** 2) This code promiscuously uses init_frame 494 **** 495 *************************************************************************** 496 */ 497 498 static void kthread_init __P((void *dummy)); 499 SYSINIT_KT(init,SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kthread_init, NULL) 500 501 502 static void start_init __P((struct proc *p, void *framep)); 503 504 /* ARGSUSED*/ 505 static void 506 kthread_init(dummy) 507 void *dummy; 508 { 509 510 /* Create process 1 (init(8)). */ 511 start_init(curproc, init_framep); 512 513 /* 514 * This is the only kernel thread allowed to return yo the 515 * caller!!! 516 */ 517 return; 518 } 519 520 521 /* 522 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 523 */ 524 static char *initpaths[] = { 525 "/sbin/init", 526 "/sbin/oinit", 527 "/sbin/init.bak", 528 "/stand/sysinstall", 529 NULL, 530 }; 531 532 /* 533 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths". 534 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 535 */ 536 static void 537 start_init(p, framep) 538 struct proc *p; 539 void *framep; 540 { 541 vm_offset_t addr; 542 struct execve_args args; 543 int options, i, retval[2], error; 544 char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1; 545 546 initproc = p; 547 548 /* 549 * We need to set the system call frame as if we were entered through 550 * a syscall() so that when we call execve() below, it will be able 551 * to set the entry point (see setregs) when it tries to exec. The 552 * startup code in "locore.s" has allocated space for the frame and 553 * passed a pointer to that space as main's argument. 554 */ 555 cpu_set_init_frame(p, framep); 556 557 /* 558 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 559 */ 560 addr = trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS - PAGE_SIZE); 561 if (vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, FALSE, VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0) != 0) 562 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 563 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 564 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1; 565 566 for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) { 567 /* 568 * Move out the boot flag argument. 569 */ 570 options = 0; 571 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK; 572 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */ 573 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 574 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's'); 575 options = 1; 576 } 577 #ifdef notyet 578 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 579 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f'); 580 options = 1; 581 } 582 #endif 583 584 #ifdef BOOTCDROM 585 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C'); 586 options = 1; 587 #endif 588 589 #if defined(DEVFS) && defined(DEVFS_ROOT) 590 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'd'); 591 options = 1; 592 #endif 593 if (options == 0) 594 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); 595 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */ 596 arg1 = ucp; 597 598 /* 599 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 600 */ 601 for (i = strlen(path) + 1; i >= 0; i--) 602 (void)subyte(--ucp, path[i]); 603 arg0 = ucp; 604 605 /* 606 * Move out the arg pointers. 607 */ 608 uap = (char **)((int)ucp & ~(NBPW-1)); 609 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, 0); /* terminator */ 610 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (int)arg1); 611 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (int)arg0); 612 613 /* 614 * Point at the arguments. 615 */ 616 args.fname = arg0; 617 args.argv = uap; 618 args.envv = NULL; 619 620 /* 621 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 622 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 623 * 624 * Otherwise return to main() which returns to btext 625 * which completes the system startup. 626 */ 627 if ((error = execve(p, &args, &retval[0])) == 0) 628 return; 629 if (error != ENOENT) 630 printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error); 631 } 632 printf("init: not found\n"); 633 panic("no init"); 634 } 635