1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 12 * 13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 15 * are met: 16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 22 * must display the following acknowledgement: 23 * This product includes software developed by the University of 24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 27 * without specific prior written permission. 28 * 29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 39 * SUCH DAMAGE. 40 * 41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 42 * $FreeBSD$ 43 */ 44 45 #include "opt_init_path.h" 46 47 #include <sys/param.h> 48 #include <sys/file.h> 49 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 50 #include <sys/kernel.h> 51 #include <sys/mount.h> 52 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 53 #include <sys/proc.h> 54 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 55 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 56 #include <sys/systm.h> 57 #include <sys/vnode.h> 58 #include <sys/sysent.h> 59 #include <sys/reboot.h> 60 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 61 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 62 #include <sys/unistd.h> 63 #include <sys/malloc.h> 64 65 #include <machine/cpu.h> 66 67 #include <vm/vm.h> 68 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 69 #include <sys/lock.h> 70 #include <vm/pmap.h> 71 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 72 #include <sys/user.h> 73 #include <sys/copyright.h> 74 75 extern struct linker_set sysinit_set; /* XXX */ 76 77 extern void mi_startup __P((void *framep)); 78 79 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 80 static struct session session0; 81 static struct pgrp pgrp0; 82 struct proc proc0; 83 static struct pcred cred0; 84 static struct procsig procsig0; 85 static struct filedesc0 filedesc0; 86 static struct plimit limit0; 87 static struct vmspace vmspace0; 88 struct proc *initproc; 89 90 int cmask = CMASK; 91 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 92 93 struct vnode *rootvp; 94 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */ 95 96 /* 97 * Promiscuous argument pass for start_init() 98 * 99 * This is a kludge because we use a return from mi_startup() rather than a call 100 * to a new routine in locore.s to kick the kernel alive from locore.s. 101 */ 102 static void *init_framep; 103 104 /* 105 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set 106 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never 107 * executed. 108 */ 109 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY,SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL) 110 111 /* 112 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run. 113 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit. 114 */ 115 struct sysinit **sysinit = (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items; 116 struct sysinit **newsysinit; 117 118 /* 119 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if 120 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running. 121 */ 122 void 123 sysinit_add(set) 124 struct sysinit **set; 125 { 126 struct sysinit **newset; 127 struct sysinit **sipp; 128 struct sysinit **xipp; 129 int count = 0; 130 131 if (newsysinit) 132 for (sipp = newsysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 133 count++; 134 else 135 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 136 count++; 137 for (sipp = set; *sipp; sipp++) 138 count++; 139 count++; /* Trailing NULL */ 140 newset = malloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT); 141 if (newset == NULL) 142 panic("cannot malloc for sysinit"); 143 xipp = newset; 144 if (newsysinit) 145 for (sipp = newsysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 146 *xipp++ = *sipp; 147 else 148 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) 149 *xipp++ = *sipp; 150 for (sipp = set; *sipp; sipp++) 151 *xipp++ = *sipp; 152 *xipp = NULL; 153 if (newsysinit) 154 free(newsysinit, M_TEMP); 155 newsysinit = newset; 156 } 157 158 /* 159 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 160 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 161 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 162 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 163 * 164 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require 165 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem 166 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object 167 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads". 168 */ 169 void 170 mi_startup(framep) 171 void *framep; 172 { 173 174 register struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/ 175 register struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/ 176 register struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/ 177 178 /* 179 * Copy the locore.s frame pointer for proc0, this is forked into 180 * all other processes. 181 */ 182 init_framep = framep; 183 184 restart: 185 /* 186 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by 187 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key). 188 */ 189 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) { 190 for (xipp = sipp + 1; *xipp; xipp++) { 191 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem || 192 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem && 193 (*sipp)->order < (*xipp)->order)) 194 continue; /* skip*/ 195 save = *sipp; 196 *sipp = *xipp; 197 *xipp = save; 198 } 199 } 200 201 /* 202 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks. 203 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task. 204 * 205 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler, 206 * which will not return. 207 */ 208 for (sipp = sysinit; *sipp; sipp++) { 209 210 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY) 211 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/ 212 213 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DONE) 214 continue; 215 216 /* Call function */ 217 (*((*sipp)->func))((*sipp)->udata); 218 219 /* Check off the one we're just done */ 220 (*sipp)->subsystem = SI_SUB_DONE; 221 222 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */ 223 if (newsysinit != NULL) { 224 if (sysinit != (struct sysinit **)sysinit_set.ls_items) 225 free(sysinit, M_TEMP); 226 sysinit = newsysinit; 227 newsysinit = NULL; 228 goto restart; 229 } 230 } 231 232 panic("Shouldn't get here!"); 233 /* NOTREACHED*/ 234 } 235 236 237 /* 238 *************************************************************************** 239 **** 240 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet 241 **** been moved. 242 **** 243 *************************************************************************** 244 */ 245 #ifdef OMIT 246 /* 247 * Handled by vfs_mountroot (bad idea) at this time... should be 248 * done the same as 4.4Lite2. 249 */ 250 SYSINIT(swapinit, SI_SUB_SWAP, SI_ORDER_FIRST, swapinit, NULL) 251 #endif /* OMIT*/ 252 253 static void print_caddr_t __P((void *data)); 254 static void 255 print_caddr_t(data) 256 void *data; 257 { 258 printf("%s", (char *)data); 259 } 260 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright) 261 262 263 /* 264 *************************************************************************** 265 **** 266 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not 267 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of 268 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c 269 **** for right now. 270 **** 271 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they 272 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process). 273 **** 274 *************************************************************************** 275 */ 276 /* ARGSUSED*/ 277 static void proc0_init __P((void *dummy)); 278 static void 279 proc0_init(dummy) 280 void *dummy; 281 { 282 register struct proc *p; 283 register struct filedesc0 *fdp; 284 register unsigned i; 285 286 p = &proc0; 287 288 /* 289 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 290 */ 291 procinit(); 292 293 /* 294 * Initialize sleep queue hash table 295 */ 296 sleepinit(); 297 298 /* 299 * additional VM structures 300 */ 301 vm_init2(); 302 303 /* 304 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 305 */ 306 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 307 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 308 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 309 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 310 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 311 312 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 313 session0.s_count = 1; 314 session0.s_leader = p; 315 316 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec; 317 318 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 319 p->p_stat = SRUN; 320 p->p_nice = NZERO; 321 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL; 322 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0; 323 324 /* 325 * Link for kernel based threads 326 */ 327 p->p_peers = 0; 328 p->p_leader = p; 329 330 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 331 332 /* Create credentials. */ 333 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 334 p->p_cred = &cred0; 335 p->p_ucred = crget(); 336 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 337 338 /* Don't jail it */ 339 p->p_prison = 0; 340 341 /* Create procsig. */ 342 p->p_procsig = &procsig0; 343 p->p_procsig->ps_refcnt = 1; 344 345 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 346 fdp = &filedesc0; 347 p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd; 348 fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1; 349 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask; 350 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles; 351 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags; 352 fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE; 353 354 /* Create the limits structures. */ 355 p->p_limit = &limit0; 356 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 357 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 358 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 359 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = 360 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles; 361 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = 362 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc; 363 i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count); 364 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i; 365 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i; 366 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3; 367 limit0.p_cpulimit = RLIM_INFINITY; 368 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 369 370 371 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 372 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0)); 373 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 374 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1; 375 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 376 trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)); 377 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0); 378 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 379 380 #ifdef cpu_set_init_frame 381 /* 382 * proc0 needs to have a coherent frame base in its stack. 383 */ 384 cpu_set_init_frame(p, init_framep); /* XXX! */ 385 #endif 386 387 /* 388 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 389 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 390 */ 391 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 392 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts; 393 394 /* 395 * Charge root for one process. 396 */ 397 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 398 399 /* 400 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before 401 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 402 */ 403 SET_CURPROC(p); 404 405 } 406 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL) 407 408 /* ARGSUSED*/ 409 static void proc0_post __P((void *dummy)); 410 static void 411 proc0_post(dummy) 412 void *dummy; 413 { 414 struct timespec ts; 415 416 /* 417 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the 418 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now. 419 */ 420 microtime(&proc0.p_stats->p_start); 421 proc0.p_runtime = 0; 422 microuptime(&switchtime); 423 switchticks = ticks; 424 425 /* 426 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump. 427 * XXX: Does read_random() contain enough bits to be used here ? 428 */ 429 nanotime(&ts); 430 srandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec); 431 432 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 433 siginit(&proc0); 434 } 435 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL) 436 437 438 439 440 /* 441 *************************************************************************** 442 **** 443 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the 444 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis. 445 **** 446 *************************************************************************** 447 */ 448 449 /* ARGSUSED */ 450 static void root_conf __P((void *dummy)); 451 static void 452 root_conf(dummy) 453 void *dummy; 454 { 455 cpu_rootconf(); 456 } 457 SYSINIT(root_conf, SI_SUB_ROOT_CONF, SI_ORDER_FIRST, root_conf, NULL) 458 459 /* ARGSUSED*/ 460 static void xxx_vfs_root_fdtab __P((void *dummy)); 461 static void 462 xxx_vfs_root_fdtab(dummy) 463 void *dummy; 464 { 465 register struct filedesc0 *fdp = &filedesc0; 466 467 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */ 468 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.cqh_first, &rootvnode)) 469 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 470 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir = rootvnode; 471 VREF(fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir); 472 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0, &proc0); 473 fdp->fd_fd.fd_rdir = rootvnode; 474 } 475 SYSINIT(retrofit, SI_SUB_ROOT_FDTAB, SI_ORDER_FIRST, xxx_vfs_root_fdtab, NULL) 476 477 478 /* 479 *************************************************************************** 480 **** 481 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like 482 **** kern/init_init.c. It is here for two reasons only: 483 **** 484 **** 1) This code returns to startup the system; this is 485 **** abnormal for a kernel thread. 486 **** 2) This code promiscuously uses init_frame 487 **** 488 *************************************************************************** 489 */ 490 491 extern void prepare_usermode __P((void)); 492 static void create_init __P((const void *dummy)); 493 static void start_init __P((void *dummy)); 494 SYSINIT(init,SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL) 495 496 /* 497 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space. 498 */ 499 static void 500 create_init(udata) 501 const void *udata; 502 { 503 int error; 504 505 error = fork1(&proc0, RFFDG | RFPROC, &initproc); 506 if (error) 507 panic("cannot fork init: %d\n", error); 508 initproc->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 509 cpu_set_fork_handler(initproc, start_init, NULL); 510 } 511 512 /* 513 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 514 */ 515 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] = 516 #ifdef INIT_PATH 517 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH); 518 #else 519 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/stand/sysinstall"; 520 #endif 521 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, ""); 522 523 /* 524 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path. 525 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 526 */ 527 static void 528 start_init(dummy) 529 void *dummy; 530 { 531 vm_offset_t addr; 532 struct execve_args args; 533 int options, error; 534 char *var, *path, *next, *s; 535 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1; 536 struct proc *p; 537 538 p = curproc; 539 540 /* 541 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 542 */ 543 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE); 544 if (vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 545 FALSE, VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0) != 0) 546 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 547 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 548 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1; 549 550 if ((var = getenv("init_path")) != NULL) { 551 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path); 552 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0; 553 } 554 555 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) { 556 while (*path == ':') 557 path++; 558 if (*path == '\0') 559 break; 560 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++) 561 /* nothing */ ; 562 if (bootverbose) 563 printf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path), 564 path); 565 566 /* 567 * Move out the boot flag argument. 568 */ 569 options = 0; 570 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK; 571 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */ 572 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 573 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's'); 574 options = 1; 575 } 576 #ifdef notyet 577 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 578 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f'); 579 options = 1; 580 } 581 #endif 582 583 #ifdef BOOTCDROM 584 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C'); 585 options = 1; 586 #endif 587 if (options == 0) 588 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); 589 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */ 590 arg1 = ucp; 591 592 /* 593 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 594 */ 595 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); 596 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--) 597 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s); 598 arg0 = ucp; 599 600 /* 601 * Move out the arg pointers. 602 */ 603 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1)); 604 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */ 605 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1); 606 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0); 607 608 /* 609 * Point at the arguments. 610 */ 611 args.fname = arg0; 612 args.argv = uap; 613 args.envv = NULL; 614 615 /* 616 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 617 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 618 * 619 * Otherwise, return via the fork trampoline all the way 620 * to user mode as init! 621 */ 622 if ((error = execve(p, &args)) == 0) { 623 prepare_usermode(); 624 return; 625 } 626 if (error != ENOENT) 627 printf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path), 628 path, error); 629 } 630 printf("init: not found\n"); 631 panic("no init"); 632 } 633