xref: /freebsd/sys/i386/include/pmap.h (revision 983afe3373c427a080f06dccec820b20891be186)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
9  * Science Department and William Jolitz of UUNET Technologies Inc.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21  *    without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  *
35  * Derived from hp300 version by Mike Hibler, this version by William
36  * Jolitz uses a recursive map [a pde points to the page directory] to
37  * map the page tables using the pagetables themselves. This is done to
38  * reduce the impact on kernel virtual memory for lots of sparse address
39  * space, and to reduce the cost of memory to each process.
40  *
41  *	from: hp300: @(#)pmap.h	7.2 (Berkeley) 12/16/90
42  *	from: @(#)pmap.h	7.4 (Berkeley) 5/12/91
43  * $FreeBSD$
44  */
45 
46 #ifndef _MACHINE_PMAP_H_
47 #define	_MACHINE_PMAP_H_
48 
49 /*
50  * Page-directory and page-table entries follow this format, with a few
51  * of the fields not present here and there, depending on a lot of things.
52  */
53 				/* ---- Intel Nomenclature ---- */
54 #define	PG_V		0x001	/* P	Valid			*/
55 #define PG_RW		0x002	/* R/W	Read/Write		*/
56 #define PG_U		0x004	/* U/S  User/Supervisor		*/
57 #define	PG_NC_PWT	0x008	/* PWT	Write through		*/
58 #define	PG_NC_PCD	0x010	/* PCD	Cache disable		*/
59 #define PG_A		0x020	/* A	Accessed		*/
60 #define	PG_M		0x040	/* D	Dirty			*/
61 #define	PG_PS		0x080	/* PS	Page size (0=4k,1=4M)	*/
62 #define	PG_PTE_PAT	0x080	/* PAT	PAT index		*/
63 #define	PG_G		0x100	/* G	Global			*/
64 #define	PG_AVAIL1	0x200	/*    /	Available for system	*/
65 #define	PG_AVAIL2	0x400	/*   <	programmers use		*/
66 #define	PG_AVAIL3	0x800	/*    \				*/
67 #define	PG_PDE_PAT	0x1000	/* PAT	PAT index		*/
68 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
69 #define	PG_NX		(1ull<<63) /* No-execute */
70 #endif
71 
72 
73 /* Our various interpretations of the above */
74 #define PG_W		PG_AVAIL1	/* "Wired" pseudoflag */
75 #define	PG_MANAGED	PG_AVAIL2
76 #define	PG_PROMOTED	PG_AVAIL3	/* PDE only */
77 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
78 #define	PG_FRAME	(0x000ffffffffff000ull)
79 #define	PG_PS_FRAME	(0x000fffffffe00000ull)
80 #else
81 #define	PG_FRAME	(~PAGE_MASK)
82 #define	PG_PS_FRAME	(0xffc00000)
83 #endif
84 #define	PG_PROT		(PG_RW|PG_U)	/* all protection bits . */
85 #define PG_N		(PG_NC_PWT|PG_NC_PCD)	/* Non-cacheable */
86 
87 /* Page level cache control fields used to determine the PAT type */
88 #define PG_PDE_CACHE	(PG_PDE_PAT | PG_NC_PWT | PG_NC_PCD)
89 #define PG_PTE_CACHE	(PG_PTE_PAT | PG_NC_PWT | PG_NC_PCD)
90 
91 /*
92  * Promotion to a 2 or 4MB (PDE) page mapping requires that the corresponding
93  * 4KB (PTE) page mappings have identical settings for the following fields:
94  */
95 #define PG_PTE_PROMOTE	(PG_MANAGED | PG_W | PG_G | PG_PTE_PAT | \
96 	    PG_M | PG_A | PG_NC_PCD | PG_NC_PWT | PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V)
97 
98 /*
99  * Page Protection Exception bits
100  */
101 
102 #define PGEX_P		0x01	/* Protection violation vs. not present */
103 #define PGEX_W		0x02	/* during a Write cycle */
104 #define PGEX_U		0x04	/* access from User mode (UPL) */
105 #define PGEX_RSV	0x08	/* reserved PTE field is non-zero */
106 #define PGEX_I		0x10	/* during an instruction fetch */
107 
108 /*
109  * Size of Kernel address space.  This is the number of page table pages
110  * (4MB each) to use for the kernel.  256 pages == 1 Gigabyte.
111  * This **MUST** be a multiple of 4 (eg: 252, 256, 260, etc).
112  * For PAE, the page table page unit size is 2MB.  This means that 512 pages
113  * is 1 Gigabyte.  Double everything.  It must be a multiple of 8 for PAE.
114  */
115 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
116 #define KVA_PAGES	(512*4)
117 #else
118 #define KVA_PAGES	(256*4)
119 #endif
120 
121 /*
122  * Pte related macros
123  */
124 #define VADDR(pdi, pti) ((vm_offset_t)(((pdi)<<PDRSHIFT)|((pti)<<PAGE_SHIFT)))
125 
126 /*
127  * The initial number of kernel page table pages that are constructed
128  * by locore must be sufficient to map vm_page_array.  That number can
129  * be calculated as follows:
130  *     max_phys / PAGE_SIZE * sizeof(struct vm_page) / NBPDR
131  * PAE:      max_phys 16G, sizeof(vm_page) 76, NBPDR 2M, 152 page table pages.
132  * PAE_TABLES: max_phys 4G,  sizeof(vm_page) 68, NBPDR 2M, 36 page table pages.
133  * Non-PAE:  max_phys 4G,  sizeof(vm_page) 68, NBPDR 4M, 18 page table pages.
134  */
135 #ifndef NKPT
136 #if defined(PAE)
137 #define	NKPT		240
138 #elif defined(PAE_TABLES)
139 #define	NKPT		60
140 #else
141 #define	NKPT		30
142 #endif
143 #endif
144 
145 #ifndef NKPDE
146 #define NKPDE	(KVA_PAGES)	/* number of page tables/pde's */
147 #endif
148 
149 /*
150  * The *PTDI values control the layout of virtual memory
151  */
152 #define	KPTDI		0		/* start of kernel virtual pde's */
153 #define	LOWPTDI		1		/* low memory map pde */
154 #define	KERNPTDI	2		/* start of kernel text pde */
155 #define	PTDPTDI		(NPDEPTD - 1 - NPGPTD)	/* ptd entry that points
156 						   to ptd! */
157 #define	TRPTDI		(NPDEPTD - 1)	/* u/k trampoline ptd */
158 
159 /*
160  * XXX doesn't really belong here I guess...
161  */
162 #define ISA_HOLE_START    0xa0000
163 #define ISA_HOLE_LENGTH (0x100000-ISA_HOLE_START)
164 
165 #ifndef LOCORE
166 
167 #include <sys/queue.h>
168 #include <sys/_cpuset.h>
169 #include <sys/_lock.h>
170 #include <sys/_mutex.h>
171 
172 #include <vm/_vm_radix.h>
173 
174 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
175 
176 typedef uint64_t pdpt_entry_t;
177 typedef uint64_t pd_entry_t;
178 typedef uint64_t pt_entry_t;
179 
180 #define	PTESHIFT	(3)
181 #define	PDESHIFT	(3)
182 
183 #else
184 
185 typedef uint32_t pd_entry_t;
186 typedef uint32_t pt_entry_t;
187 
188 #define	PTESHIFT	(2)
189 #define	PDESHIFT	(2)
190 
191 #endif
192 
193 /*
194  * Address of current address space page table maps and directories.
195  */
196 #ifdef _KERNEL
197 extern pt_entry_t PTmap[];
198 extern pd_entry_t PTD[];
199 extern pd_entry_t PTDpde[];
200 
201 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
202 extern pdpt_entry_t *IdlePDPT;
203 #endif
204 extern pd_entry_t *IdlePTD;	/* physical address of "Idle" state directory */
205 
206 /*
207  * Translate a virtual address to the kernel virtual address of its page table
208  * entry (PTE).  This can be used recursively.  If the address of a PTE as
209  * previously returned by this macro is itself given as the argument, then the
210  * address of the page directory entry (PDE) that maps the PTE will be
211  * returned.
212  *
213  * This macro may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called.
214  */
215 #define	vtopte(va)	(PTmap + i386_btop(va))
216 
217 /*
218  * Translate a virtual address to its physical address.
219  *
220  * This macro may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called.
221  */
222 #define	vtophys(va)	pmap_kextract((vm_offset_t)(va))
223 
224 /*
225  * KPTmap is a linear mapping of the kernel page table.  It differs from the
226  * recursive mapping in two ways: (1) it only provides access to kernel page
227  * table pages, and not user page table pages, and (2) it provides access to
228  * a kernel page table page after the corresponding virtual addresses have
229  * been promoted to a 2/4MB page mapping.
230  *
231  * KPTmap is first initialized by locore to support just NPKT page table
232  * pages.  Later, it is reinitialized by pmap_bootstrap() to allow for
233  * expansion of the kernel page table.
234  */
235 extern pt_entry_t *KPTmap;
236 
237 /*
238  * Extract from the kernel page table the physical address that is mapped by
239  * the given virtual address "va".
240  *
241  * This function may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called.
242  */
243 static __inline vm_paddr_t
244 pmap_kextract(vm_offset_t va)
245 {
246 	vm_paddr_t pa;
247 
248 	if ((pa = PTD[va >> PDRSHIFT]) & PG_PS) {
249 		pa = (pa & PG_PS_FRAME) | (va & PDRMASK);
250 	} else {
251 		/*
252 		 * Beware of a concurrent promotion that changes the PDE at
253 		 * this point!  For example, vtopte() must not be used to
254 		 * access the PTE because it would use the new PDE.  It is,
255 		 * however, safe to use the old PDE because the page table
256 		 * page is preserved by the promotion.
257 		 */
258 		pa = KPTmap[i386_btop(va)];
259 		pa = (pa & PG_FRAME) | (va & PAGE_MASK);
260 	}
261 	return (pa);
262 }
263 
264 #if (defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES))
265 
266 #define	pde_cmpset(pdep, old, new)	atomic_cmpset_64_i586(pdep, old, new)
267 #define	pte_load_store(ptep, pte)	atomic_swap_64_i586(ptep, pte)
268 #define	pte_load_clear(ptep)		atomic_swap_64_i586(ptep, 0)
269 #define	pte_store(ptep, pte)		atomic_store_rel_64_i586(ptep, pte)
270 
271 extern pt_entry_t pg_nx;
272 
273 #else /* !(PAE || PAE_TABLES) */
274 
275 #define	pde_cmpset(pdep, old, new)	atomic_cmpset_int(pdep, old, new)
276 #define	pte_load_store(ptep, pte)	atomic_swap_int(ptep, pte)
277 #define	pte_load_clear(ptep)		atomic_swap_int(ptep, 0)
278 #define	pte_store(ptep, pte) do { \
279 	*(u_int *)(ptep) = (u_int)(pte); \
280 } while (0)
281 
282 #endif /* !(PAE || PAE_TABLES) */
283 
284 #define	pte_clear(ptep)			pte_store(ptep, 0)
285 
286 #define	pde_store(pdep, pde)		pte_store(pdep, pde)
287 
288 #endif /* _KERNEL */
289 
290 /*
291  * Pmap stuff
292  */
293 struct	pv_entry;
294 struct	pv_chunk;
295 
296 struct md_page {
297 	TAILQ_HEAD(,pv_entry)	pv_list;
298 	int			pat_mode;
299 };
300 
301 struct pmap {
302 	struct mtx		pm_mtx;
303 	pd_entry_t		*pm_pdir;	/* KVA of page directory */
304 	TAILQ_HEAD(,pv_chunk)	pm_pvchunk;	/* list of mappings in pmap */
305 	cpuset_t		pm_active;	/* active on cpus */
306 	struct pmap_statistics	pm_stats;	/* pmap statistics */
307 	LIST_ENTRY(pmap) 	pm_list;	/* List of all pmaps */
308 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
309 	pdpt_entry_t		*pm_pdpt;	/* KVA of page directory pointer
310 						   table */
311 #endif
312 	struct vm_radix		pm_root;	/* spare page table pages */
313 	vm_page_t		pm_ptdpg[NPGPTD];
314 };
315 
316 typedef struct pmap	*pmap_t;
317 
318 #ifdef _KERNEL
319 extern struct pmap	kernel_pmap_store;
320 #define kernel_pmap	(&kernel_pmap_store)
321 
322 #define	PMAP_LOCK(pmap)		mtx_lock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
323 #define	PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, type) \
324 				mtx_assert(&(pmap)->pm_mtx, (type))
325 #define	PMAP_LOCK_DESTROY(pmap)	mtx_destroy(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
326 #define	PMAP_LOCK_INIT(pmap)	mtx_init(&(pmap)->pm_mtx, "pmap", \
327 				    NULL, MTX_DEF | MTX_DUPOK)
328 #define	PMAP_LOCKED(pmap)	mtx_owned(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
329 #define	PMAP_MTX(pmap)		(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
330 #define	PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)	mtx_trylock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
331 #define	PMAP_UNLOCK(pmap)	mtx_unlock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
332 #endif
333 
334 /*
335  * For each vm_page_t, there is a list of all currently valid virtual
336  * mappings of that page.  An entry is a pv_entry_t, the list is pv_list.
337  */
338 typedef struct pv_entry {
339 	vm_offset_t	pv_va;		/* virtual address for mapping */
340 	TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_entry)	pv_next;
341 } *pv_entry_t;
342 
343 /*
344  * pv_entries are allocated in chunks per-process.  This avoids the
345  * need to track per-pmap assignments.
346  */
347 #define	_NPCM	11
348 #define	_NPCPV	336
349 struct pv_chunk {
350 	pmap_t			pc_pmap;
351 	TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_chunk)	pc_list;
352 	uint32_t		pc_map[_NPCM];	/* bitmap; 1 = free */
353 	TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_chunk)	pc_lru;
354 	struct pv_entry		pc_pventry[_NPCPV];
355 };
356 
357 #ifdef	_KERNEL
358 
359 extern caddr_t CADDR3;
360 extern pt_entry_t *CMAP3;
361 extern vm_paddr_t phys_avail[];
362 extern vm_paddr_t dump_avail[];
363 extern int pseflag;
364 extern int pgeflag;
365 extern char *ptvmmap;		/* poor name! */
366 extern vm_offset_t virtual_avail;
367 extern vm_offset_t virtual_end;
368 
369 #define	pmap_page_get_memattr(m)	((vm_memattr_t)(m)->md.pat_mode)
370 #define	pmap_page_is_write_mapped(m)	(((m)->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) != 0)
371 #define	pmap_unmapbios(va, sz)	pmap_unmapdev((va), (sz))
372 
373 /*
374  * Only the following functions or macros may be used before pmap_bootstrap()
375  * is called: pmap_kenter(), pmap_kextract(), pmap_kremove(), vtophys(), and
376  * vtopte().
377  */
378 void	pmap_bootstrap(vm_paddr_t);
379 int	pmap_cache_bits(int mode, boolean_t is_pde);
380 int	pmap_change_attr(vm_offset_t, vm_size_t, int);
381 void	pmap_init_pat(void);
382 void	pmap_kenter(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
383 void	*pmap_kenter_temporary(vm_paddr_t pa, int i);
384 void	pmap_kremove(vm_offset_t);
385 void	*pmap_mapbios(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t);
386 void	*pmap_mapdev(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t);
387 void	*pmap_mapdev_attr(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t, int);
388 boolean_t pmap_page_is_mapped(vm_page_t m);
389 void	pmap_page_set_memattr(vm_page_t m, vm_memattr_t ma);
390 void	pmap_unmapdev(vm_offset_t, vm_size_t);
391 pt_entry_t *pmap_pte(pmap_t, vm_offset_t) __pure2;
392 void	pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t, vm_offset_t);
393 void	pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t);
394 void	pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t);
395 void	pmap_invalidate_cache(void);
396 void	pmap_invalidate_cache_pages(vm_page_t *pages, int count);
397 void	pmap_invalidate_cache_range(vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva,
398 	    boolean_t force);
399 void	*pmap_trm_alloc(size_t size, int flags);
400 void	pmap_trm_free(void *addr, size_t size);
401 
402 void	invltlb_glob(void);
403 
404 #endif /* _KERNEL */
405 
406 #endif /* !LOCORE */
407 
408 #endif /* !_MACHINE_PMAP_H_ */
409