1 /*- 2 * Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California. 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 7 * Science Department and William Jolitz of UUNET Technologies Inc. 8 * 9 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 10 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 11 * are met: 12 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 14 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 16 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 19 * without specific prior written permission. 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 31 * SUCH DAMAGE. 32 * 33 * Derived from hp300 version by Mike Hibler, this version by William 34 * Jolitz uses a recursive map [a pde points to the page directory] to 35 * map the page tables using the pagetables themselves. This is done to 36 * reduce the impact on kernel virtual memory for lots of sparse address 37 * space, and to reduce the cost of memory to each process. 38 * 39 * from: hp300: @(#)pmap.h 7.2 (Berkeley) 12/16/90 40 * from: @(#)pmap.h 7.4 (Berkeley) 5/12/91 41 * $FreeBSD$ 42 */ 43 44 #ifndef _MACHINE_PMAP_H_ 45 #define _MACHINE_PMAP_H_ 46 47 /* 48 * Page-directory and page-table entries follow this format, with a few 49 * of the fields not present here and there, depending on a lot of things. 50 */ 51 /* ---- Intel Nomenclature ---- */ 52 #define PG_V 0x001 /* P Valid */ 53 #define PG_RW 0x002 /* R/W Read/Write */ 54 #define PG_U 0x004 /* U/S User/Supervisor */ 55 #define PG_NC_PWT 0x008 /* PWT Write through */ 56 #define PG_NC_PCD 0x010 /* PCD Cache disable */ 57 #define PG_A 0x020 /* A Accessed */ 58 #define PG_M 0x040 /* D Dirty */ 59 #define PG_PS 0x080 /* PS Page size (0=4k,1=4M) */ 60 #define PG_PTE_PAT 0x080 /* PAT PAT index */ 61 #define PG_G 0x100 /* G Global */ 62 #define PG_AVAIL1 0x200 /* / Available for system */ 63 #define PG_AVAIL2 0x400 /* < programmers use */ 64 #define PG_AVAIL3 0x800 /* \ */ 65 #define PG_PDE_PAT 0x1000 /* PAT PAT index */ 66 #ifdef PAE 67 #define PG_NX (1ull<<63) /* No-execute */ 68 #endif 69 70 71 /* Our various interpretations of the above */ 72 #define PG_W PG_AVAIL1 /* "Wired" pseudoflag */ 73 #define PG_MANAGED PG_AVAIL2 74 #ifdef PAE 75 #define PG_FRAME (0x000ffffffffff000ull) 76 #define PG_PS_FRAME (0x000fffffffe00000ull) 77 #else 78 #define PG_FRAME (~PAGE_MASK) 79 #define PG_PS_FRAME (0xffc00000) 80 #endif 81 #define PG_PROT (PG_RW|PG_U) /* all protection bits . */ 82 #define PG_N (PG_NC_PWT|PG_NC_PCD) /* Non-cacheable */ 83 84 /* Page level cache control fields used to determine the PAT type */ 85 #define PG_PDE_CACHE (PG_PDE_PAT | PG_NC_PWT | PG_NC_PCD) 86 #define PG_PTE_CACHE (PG_PTE_PAT | PG_NC_PWT | PG_NC_PCD) 87 88 /* 89 * Promotion to a 2 or 4MB (PDE) page mapping requires that the corresponding 90 * 4KB (PTE) page mappings have identical settings for the following fields: 91 */ 92 #define PG_PTE_PROMOTE (PG_MANAGED | PG_W | PG_G | PG_PTE_PAT | \ 93 PG_M | PG_A | PG_NC_PCD | PG_NC_PWT | PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V) 94 95 /* 96 * Page Protection Exception bits 97 */ 98 99 #define PGEX_P 0x01 /* Protection violation vs. not present */ 100 #define PGEX_W 0x02 /* during a Write cycle */ 101 #define PGEX_U 0x04 /* access from User mode (UPL) */ 102 #define PGEX_RSV 0x08 /* reserved PTE field is non-zero */ 103 #define PGEX_I 0x10 /* during an instruction fetch */ 104 105 /* 106 * Size of Kernel address space. This is the number of page table pages 107 * (4MB each) to use for the kernel. 256 pages == 1 Gigabyte. 108 * This **MUST** be a multiple of 4 (eg: 252, 256, 260, etc). 109 * For PAE, the page table page unit size is 2MB. This means that 512 pages 110 * is 1 Gigabyte. Double everything. It must be a multiple of 8 for PAE. 111 */ 112 #ifndef KVA_PAGES 113 #ifdef PAE 114 #define KVA_PAGES 512 115 #else 116 #define KVA_PAGES 256 117 #endif 118 #endif 119 120 /* 121 * Pte related macros 122 */ 123 #define VADDR(pdi, pti) ((vm_offset_t)(((pdi)<<PDRSHIFT)|((pti)<<PAGE_SHIFT))) 124 125 /* Initial number of kernel page tables. */ 126 #ifndef NKPT 127 #ifdef PAE 128 /* 152 page tables needed to map 16G (76B "struct vm_page", 2M page tables). */ 129 #define NKPT 240 130 #else 131 /* 18 page tables needed to map 4G (72B "struct vm_page", 4M page tables). */ 132 #define NKPT 30 133 #endif 134 #endif 135 136 #ifndef NKPDE 137 #define NKPDE (KVA_PAGES) /* number of page tables/pde's */ 138 #endif 139 140 /* 141 * The *PTDI values control the layout of virtual memory 142 * 143 * XXX This works for now, but I am not real happy with it, I'll fix it 144 * right after I fix locore.s and the magic 28K hole 145 */ 146 #define KPTDI (NPDEPTD-NKPDE) /* start of kernel virtual pde's */ 147 #define PTDPTDI (KPTDI-NPGPTD) /* ptd entry that points to ptd! */ 148 149 /* 150 * XXX doesn't really belong here I guess... 151 */ 152 #define ISA_HOLE_START 0xa0000 153 #define ISA_HOLE_LENGTH (0x100000-ISA_HOLE_START) 154 155 #ifndef LOCORE 156 157 #include <sys/queue.h> 158 #include <sys/_cpuset.h> 159 #include <sys/_lock.h> 160 #include <sys/_mutex.h> 161 162 #include <vm/_vm_radix.h> 163 164 #ifdef PAE 165 166 typedef uint64_t pdpt_entry_t; 167 typedef uint64_t pd_entry_t; 168 typedef uint64_t pt_entry_t; 169 170 #define PTESHIFT (3) 171 #define PDESHIFT (3) 172 173 #else 174 175 typedef uint32_t pd_entry_t; 176 typedef uint32_t pt_entry_t; 177 178 #define PTESHIFT (2) 179 #define PDESHIFT (2) 180 181 #endif 182 183 /* 184 * Address of current address space page table maps and directories. 185 */ 186 #ifdef _KERNEL 187 extern pt_entry_t PTmap[]; 188 extern pd_entry_t PTD[]; 189 extern pd_entry_t PTDpde[]; 190 191 #ifdef PAE 192 extern pdpt_entry_t *IdlePDPT; 193 #endif 194 extern pd_entry_t *IdlePTD; /* physical address of "Idle" state directory */ 195 196 /* 197 * Translate a virtual address to the kernel virtual address of its page table 198 * entry (PTE). This can be used recursively. If the address of a PTE as 199 * previously returned by this macro is itself given as the argument, then the 200 * address of the page directory entry (PDE) that maps the PTE will be 201 * returned. 202 * 203 * This macro may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called. 204 */ 205 #define vtopte(va) (PTmap + i386_btop(va)) 206 207 /* 208 * Translate a virtual address to its physical address. 209 * 210 * This macro may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called. 211 */ 212 #define vtophys(va) pmap_kextract((vm_offset_t)(va)) 213 214 #if defined(XEN) 215 #include <sys/param.h> 216 #include <machine/xen/xen-os.h> 217 #include <machine/xen/xenvar.h> 218 #include <machine/xen/xenpmap.h> 219 220 extern pt_entry_t pg_nx; 221 222 #define PG_KERNEL (PG_V | PG_A | PG_RW | PG_M) 223 224 #define MACH_TO_VM_PAGE(ma) PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(xpmap_mtop((ma))) 225 #define VM_PAGE_TO_MACH(m) xpmap_ptom(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS((m))) 226 227 #define VTOM(va) xpmap_ptom(VTOP(va)) 228 229 static __inline vm_paddr_t 230 pmap_kextract_ma(vm_offset_t va) 231 { 232 vm_paddr_t ma; 233 if ((ma = PTD[va >> PDRSHIFT]) & PG_PS) { 234 ma = (ma & ~(NBPDR - 1)) | (va & (NBPDR - 1)); 235 } else { 236 ma = (*vtopte(va) & PG_FRAME) | (va & PAGE_MASK); 237 } 238 return ma; 239 } 240 241 static __inline vm_paddr_t 242 pmap_kextract(vm_offset_t va) 243 { 244 return xpmap_mtop(pmap_kextract_ma(va)); 245 } 246 #define vtomach(va) pmap_kextract_ma(((vm_offset_t) (va))) 247 248 vm_paddr_t pmap_extract_ma(struct pmap *pmap, vm_offset_t va); 249 250 void pmap_kenter_ma(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa); 251 void pmap_map_readonly(struct pmap *pmap, vm_offset_t va, int len); 252 void pmap_map_readwrite(struct pmap *pmap, vm_offset_t va, int len); 253 254 static __inline pt_entry_t 255 pte_load_store(pt_entry_t *ptep, pt_entry_t v) 256 { 257 pt_entry_t r; 258 259 r = *ptep; 260 PT_SET_VA(ptep, v, TRUE); 261 return (r); 262 } 263 264 static __inline pt_entry_t 265 pte_load_store_ma(pt_entry_t *ptep, pt_entry_t v) 266 { 267 pt_entry_t r; 268 269 r = *ptep; 270 PT_SET_VA_MA(ptep, v, TRUE); 271 return (r); 272 } 273 274 #define pte_load_clear(ptep) pte_load_store((ptep), (pt_entry_t)0ULL) 275 276 #define pte_store(ptep, pte) pte_load_store((ptep), (pt_entry_t)pte) 277 #define pte_store_ma(ptep, pte) pte_load_store_ma((ptep), (pt_entry_t)pte) 278 #define pde_store_ma(ptep, pte) pte_load_store_ma((ptep), (pt_entry_t)pte) 279 280 #elif !defined(XEN) 281 282 /* 283 * KPTmap is a linear mapping of the kernel page table. It differs from the 284 * recursive mapping in two ways: (1) it only provides access to kernel page 285 * table pages, and not user page table pages, and (2) it provides access to 286 * a kernel page table page after the corresponding virtual addresses have 287 * been promoted to a 2/4MB page mapping. 288 * 289 * KPTmap is first initialized by locore to support just NPKT page table 290 * pages. Later, it is reinitialized by pmap_bootstrap() to allow for 291 * expansion of the kernel page table. 292 */ 293 extern pt_entry_t *KPTmap; 294 295 /* 296 * Extract from the kernel page table the physical address that is mapped by 297 * the given virtual address "va". 298 * 299 * This function may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called. 300 */ 301 static __inline vm_paddr_t 302 pmap_kextract(vm_offset_t va) 303 { 304 vm_paddr_t pa; 305 306 if ((pa = PTD[va >> PDRSHIFT]) & PG_PS) { 307 pa = (pa & PG_PS_FRAME) | (va & PDRMASK); 308 } else { 309 /* 310 * Beware of a concurrent promotion that changes the PDE at 311 * this point! For example, vtopte() must not be used to 312 * access the PTE because it would use the new PDE. It is, 313 * however, safe to use the old PDE because the page table 314 * page is preserved by the promotion. 315 */ 316 pa = KPTmap[i386_btop(va)]; 317 pa = (pa & PG_FRAME) | (va & PAGE_MASK); 318 } 319 return (pa); 320 } 321 #endif 322 323 #if !defined(XEN) 324 #define PT_UPDATES_FLUSH() 325 #endif 326 327 #if defined(PAE) && !defined(XEN) 328 329 #define pde_cmpset(pdep, old, new) \ 330 atomic_cmpset_64((pdep), (old), (new)) 331 332 static __inline pt_entry_t 333 pte_load(pt_entry_t *ptep) 334 { 335 pt_entry_t r; 336 337 __asm __volatile( 338 "lock; cmpxchg8b %1" 339 : "=A" (r) 340 : "m" (*ptep), "a" (0), "d" (0), "b" (0), "c" (0)); 341 return (r); 342 } 343 344 static __inline pt_entry_t 345 pte_load_store(pt_entry_t *ptep, pt_entry_t v) 346 { 347 pt_entry_t r; 348 349 r = *ptep; 350 __asm __volatile( 351 "1:\n" 352 "\tlock; cmpxchg8b %1\n" 353 "\tjnz 1b" 354 : "+A" (r) 355 : "m" (*ptep), "b" ((uint32_t)v), "c" ((uint32_t)(v >> 32))); 356 return (r); 357 } 358 359 /* XXXRU move to atomic.h? */ 360 static __inline int 361 atomic_cmpset_64(volatile uint64_t *dst, uint64_t exp, uint64_t src) 362 { 363 int64_t res = exp; 364 365 __asm __volatile ( 366 " lock ; " 367 " cmpxchg8b %2 ; " 368 " setz %%al ; " 369 " movzbl %%al,%0 ; " 370 "# atomic_cmpset_64" 371 : "+A" (res), /* 0 (result) */ 372 "=m" (*dst) /* 1 */ 373 : "m" (*dst), /* 2 */ 374 "b" ((uint32_t)src), 375 "c" ((uint32_t)(src >> 32))); 376 377 return (res); 378 } 379 380 #define pte_load_clear(ptep) pte_load_store((ptep), (pt_entry_t)0ULL) 381 382 #define pte_store(ptep, pte) pte_load_store((ptep), (pt_entry_t)pte) 383 384 extern pt_entry_t pg_nx; 385 386 #elif !defined(PAE) && !defined (XEN) 387 388 #define pde_cmpset(pdep, old, new) \ 389 atomic_cmpset_int((pdep), (old), (new)) 390 391 static __inline pt_entry_t 392 pte_load(pt_entry_t *ptep) 393 { 394 pt_entry_t r; 395 396 r = *ptep; 397 return (r); 398 } 399 400 static __inline pt_entry_t 401 pte_load_store(pt_entry_t *ptep, pt_entry_t pte) 402 { 403 __asm volatile("xchgl %0, %1" : "+m" (*ptep), "+r" (pte)); 404 return (pte); 405 } 406 407 #define pte_load_clear(pte) atomic_readandclear_int(pte) 408 409 static __inline void 410 pte_store(pt_entry_t *ptep, pt_entry_t pte) 411 { 412 413 *ptep = pte; 414 } 415 416 #endif /* PAE */ 417 418 #define pte_clear(ptep) pte_store((ptep), (pt_entry_t)0ULL) 419 420 #define pde_store(pdep, pde) pte_store((pdep), (pde)) 421 422 #endif /* _KERNEL */ 423 424 /* 425 * Pmap stuff 426 */ 427 struct pv_entry; 428 struct pv_chunk; 429 430 struct md_page { 431 TAILQ_HEAD(,pv_entry) pv_list; 432 int pat_mode; 433 }; 434 435 struct pmap { 436 struct mtx pm_mtx; 437 pd_entry_t *pm_pdir; /* KVA of page directory */ 438 TAILQ_HEAD(,pv_chunk) pm_pvchunk; /* list of mappings in pmap */ 439 cpuset_t pm_active; /* active on cpus */ 440 struct pmap_statistics pm_stats; /* pmap statistics */ 441 LIST_ENTRY(pmap) pm_list; /* List of all pmaps */ 442 #ifdef PAE 443 pdpt_entry_t *pm_pdpt; /* KVA of page director pointer 444 table */ 445 #endif 446 struct vm_radix pm_root; /* spare page table pages */ 447 }; 448 449 typedef struct pmap *pmap_t; 450 451 #ifdef _KERNEL 452 extern struct pmap kernel_pmap_store; 453 #define kernel_pmap (&kernel_pmap_store) 454 455 #define PMAP_LOCK(pmap) mtx_lock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx) 456 #define PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, type) \ 457 mtx_assert(&(pmap)->pm_mtx, (type)) 458 #define PMAP_LOCK_DESTROY(pmap) mtx_destroy(&(pmap)->pm_mtx) 459 #define PMAP_LOCK_INIT(pmap) mtx_init(&(pmap)->pm_mtx, "pmap", \ 460 NULL, MTX_DEF | MTX_DUPOK) 461 #define PMAP_LOCKED(pmap) mtx_owned(&(pmap)->pm_mtx) 462 #define PMAP_MTX(pmap) (&(pmap)->pm_mtx) 463 #define PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap) mtx_trylock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx) 464 #define PMAP_UNLOCK(pmap) mtx_unlock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx) 465 #endif 466 467 /* 468 * For each vm_page_t, there is a list of all currently valid virtual 469 * mappings of that page. An entry is a pv_entry_t, the list is pv_list. 470 */ 471 typedef struct pv_entry { 472 vm_offset_t pv_va; /* virtual address for mapping */ 473 TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_entry) pv_next; 474 } *pv_entry_t; 475 476 /* 477 * pv_entries are allocated in chunks per-process. This avoids the 478 * need to track per-pmap assignments. 479 */ 480 #define _NPCM 11 481 #define _NPCPV 336 482 struct pv_chunk { 483 pmap_t pc_pmap; 484 TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_chunk) pc_list; 485 uint32_t pc_map[_NPCM]; /* bitmap; 1 = free */ 486 TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_chunk) pc_lru; 487 struct pv_entry pc_pventry[_NPCPV]; 488 }; 489 490 #ifdef _KERNEL 491 492 extern caddr_t CADDR1; 493 extern pt_entry_t *CMAP1; 494 extern vm_paddr_t phys_avail[]; 495 extern vm_paddr_t dump_avail[]; 496 extern int pseflag; 497 extern int pgeflag; 498 extern char *ptvmmap; /* poor name! */ 499 extern vm_offset_t virtual_avail; 500 extern vm_offset_t virtual_end; 501 502 #define pmap_page_get_memattr(m) ((vm_memattr_t)(m)->md.pat_mode) 503 #define pmap_page_is_write_mapped(m) (((m)->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) != 0) 504 #define pmap_unmapbios(va, sz) pmap_unmapdev((va), (sz)) 505 506 /* 507 * Only the following functions or macros may be used before pmap_bootstrap() 508 * is called: pmap_kenter(), pmap_kextract(), pmap_kremove(), vtophys(), and 509 * vtopte(). 510 */ 511 void pmap_bootstrap(vm_paddr_t); 512 int pmap_cache_bits(int mode, boolean_t is_pde); 513 int pmap_change_attr(vm_offset_t, vm_size_t, int); 514 void pmap_init_pat(void); 515 void pmap_kenter(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa); 516 void *pmap_kenter_temporary(vm_paddr_t pa, int i); 517 void pmap_kremove(vm_offset_t); 518 void *pmap_mapbios(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t); 519 void *pmap_mapdev(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t); 520 void *pmap_mapdev_attr(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t, int); 521 boolean_t pmap_page_is_mapped(vm_page_t m); 522 void pmap_page_set_memattr(vm_page_t m, vm_memattr_t ma); 523 void pmap_unmapdev(vm_offset_t, vm_size_t); 524 pt_entry_t *pmap_pte(pmap_t, vm_offset_t) __pure2; 525 void pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t, vm_offset_t); 526 void pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t); 527 void pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t); 528 void pmap_invalidate_cache(void); 529 void pmap_invalidate_cache_pages(vm_page_t *pages, int count); 530 void pmap_invalidate_cache_range(vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva); 531 532 #endif /* _KERNEL */ 533 534 #endif /* !LOCORE */ 535 536 #endif /* !_MACHINE_PMAP_H_ */ 537