xref: /freebsd/sys/i386/i386/bios.c (revision 41ee9f1c6918a36d2feca1640bde21b420618948)

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1997 Michael Smith
 * Copyright (c) 1998 Jonathan Lemon
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");

/*
 * Code for dealing with the BIOS in x86 PC systems.
 */

#include "opt_isa.h"

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/module.h>
#include <sys/bus.h>
#include <sys/pcpu.h>
#include <vm/vm.h>
#include <vm/pmap.h>
#include <machine/md_var.h>
#include <machine/segments.h>
#include <machine/stdarg.h>
#include <machine/vmparam.h>
#include <machine/pc/bios.h>
#ifdef DEV_ISA
#include <isa/isavar.h>
#include <isa/pnpreg.h>
#include <isa/pnpvar.h>
#endif

#define BIOS_START	0xe0000
#define BIOS_SIZE	0x20000

/* exported lookup results */
struct bios32_SDentry		PCIbios;
struct PnPBIOS_table		*PnPBIOStable;

static u_int			bios32_SDCI;

/* start fairly early */
static void			bios32_init(void *junk);
SYSINIT(bios32, SI_SUB_CPU, SI_ORDER_ANY, bios32_init, NULL);

/*
 * bios32_init
 *
 * Locate various bios32 entities.
 */
static void
bios32_init(void *junk)
{
    u_long			sigaddr;
    struct bios32_SDheader	*sdh;
    struct PnPBIOS_table	*pt;
    u_int8_t			ck, *cv;
    int				i;
    char			*p;

    /*
     * BIOS32 Service Directory, PCI BIOS
     */

    /* look for the signature */
    if ((sigaddr = bios_sigsearch(0, "_32_", 4, 16, 0)) != 0) {

	/* get a virtual pointer to the structure */
	sdh = (struct bios32_SDheader *)(uintptr_t)BIOS_PADDRTOVADDR(sigaddr);
	for (cv = (u_int8_t *)sdh, ck = 0, i = 0; i < (sdh->len * 16); i++) {
	    ck += cv[i];
	}
	/* If checksum is OK, enable use of the entrypoint */
	if ((ck == 0) && (BIOS_START <= sdh->entry ) &&
	    (sdh->entry < (BIOS_START + BIOS_SIZE))) {
	    bios32_SDCI = BIOS_PADDRTOVADDR(sdh->entry);
	    if (bootverbose) {
		printf("bios32: Found BIOS32 Service Directory header at %p\n", sdh);
		printf("bios32: Entry = 0x%x (%x)  Rev = %d  Len = %d\n",
		       sdh->entry, bios32_SDCI, sdh->revision, sdh->len);
	    }

	    /* Allow user override of PCI BIOS search */
	    if (((p = getenv("machdep.bios.pci")) == NULL) || strcmp(p, "disable")) {

		/* See if there's a PCI BIOS entrypoint here */
		PCIbios.ident.id = 0x49435024;	/* PCI systems should have this */
		if (!bios32_SDlookup(&PCIbios) && bootverbose)
		    printf("pcibios: PCI BIOS entry at 0x%x+0x%x\n", PCIbios.base, PCIbios.entry);
	    }
	    if (p != NULL)
		    freeenv(p);
	} else {
	    printf("bios32: Bad BIOS32 Service Directory\n");
	}
    }

    /*
     * PnP BIOS
     *
     * Allow user override of PnP BIOS search
     */
    if ((((p = getenv("machdep.bios.pnp")) == NULL) || strcmp(p, "disable")) &&
	((sigaddr = bios_sigsearch(0, "$PnP", 4, 16, 0)) != 0)) {

	/* get a virtual pointer to the structure */
	pt = (struct PnPBIOS_table *)(uintptr_t)BIOS_PADDRTOVADDR(sigaddr);
	for (cv = (u_int8_t *)pt, ck = 0, i = 0; i < pt->len; i++) {
	    ck += cv[i];
	}
	/* If checksum is OK, enable use of the entrypoint */
	if (ck == 0) {
	    PnPBIOStable = pt;
	    if (bootverbose) {
		printf("pnpbios: Found PnP BIOS data at %p\n", pt);
		printf("pnpbios: Entry = %x:%x  Rev = %d.%d\n",
		       pt->pmentrybase, pt->pmentryoffset, pt->version >> 4, pt->version & 0xf);
		if ((pt->control & 0x3) == 0x01)
		    printf("pnpbios: Event flag at %x\n", pt->evflagaddr);
		if (pt->oemdevid != 0)
		    printf("pnpbios: OEM ID %x\n", pt->oemdevid);

	    }
	} else {
	    printf("pnpbios: Bad PnP BIOS data checksum\n");
	}
    }
    if (p != NULL)
	    freeenv(p);
    if (bootverbose) {
	    /* look for other know signatures */
	    printf("Other BIOS signatures found:\n");
    }
}

/*
 * bios32_SDlookup
 *
 * Query the BIOS32 Service Directory for the service named in (ent),
 * returns nonzero if the lookup fails.  The caller must fill in
 * (ent->ident), the remainder are populated on a successful lookup.
 */
int
bios32_SDlookup(struct bios32_SDentry *ent)
{
    struct bios_regs args;

    if (bios32_SDCI == 0)
	return (1);

    args.eax = ent->ident.id;		/* set up arguments */
    args.ebx = args.ecx = args.edx = 0;
    bios32(&args, bios32_SDCI, GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
    if ((args.eax & 0xff) == 0) {	/* success? */
	ent->base = args.ebx;
	ent->len = args.ecx;
	ent->entry = args.edx;
	ent->ventry = BIOS_PADDRTOVADDR(ent->base + ent->entry);
	return (0);			/* all OK */
    }
    return (1);				/* failed */
}


/*
 * bios_sigsearch
 *
 * Search some or all of the BIOS region for a signature string.
 *
 * (start)	Optional offset returned from this function
 *		(for searching for multiple matches), or NULL
 *		to start the search from the base of the BIOS.
 *		Note that this will be a _physical_ address in
 *		the range 0xe0000 - 0xfffff.
 * (sig)	is a pointer to the byte(s) of the signature.
 * (siglen)	number of bytes in the signature.
 * (paralen)	signature paragraph (alignment) size.
 * (sigofs)	offset of the signature within the paragraph.
 *
 * Returns the _physical_ address of the found signature, 0 if the
 * signature was not found.
 */

u_int32_t
bios_sigsearch(u_int32_t start, u_char *sig, int siglen, int paralen, int sigofs)
{
    u_char	*sp, *end;

    /* compute the starting address */
    if ((start >= BIOS_START) && (start <= (BIOS_START + BIOS_SIZE))) {
	sp = (char *)BIOS_PADDRTOVADDR(start);
    } else if (start == 0) {
	sp = (char *)BIOS_PADDRTOVADDR(BIOS_START);
    } else {
	return 0;				/* bogus start address */
    }

    /* compute the end address */
    end = (u_char *)BIOS_PADDRTOVADDR(BIOS_START + BIOS_SIZE);

    /* loop searching */
    while ((sp + sigofs + siglen) < end) {

	/* compare here */
	if (!bcmp(sp + sigofs, sig, siglen)) {
	    /* convert back to physical address */
	    return((u_int32_t)BIOS_VADDRTOPADDR(sp));
	}
	sp += paralen;
    }
    return(0);
}

/*
 * do not staticize, used by bioscall.s
 */
union {
    struct {
	u_short	offset;
	u_short	segment;
    } vec16;
    struct {
	u_int	offset;
	u_short	segment;
    } vec32;
} bioscall_vector;			/* bios jump vector */

void
set_bios_selectors(struct bios_segments *seg, int flags)
{
    struct soft_segment_descriptor ssd = {
	0,			/* segment base address (overwritten) */
	0,			/* length (overwritten) */
	SDT_MEMERA,		/* segment type (overwritten) */
	0,			/* priority level */
	1,			/* descriptor present */
	0, 0,
	1,			/* descriptor size (overwritten) */
	0			/* granularity == byte units */
    };
    union descriptor *p_gdt;

#ifdef SMP
    p_gdt = &gdt[PCPU_GET(cpuid) * NGDT];
#else
    p_gdt = gdt;
#endif

    ssd.ssd_base = seg->code32.base;
    ssd.ssd_limit = seg->code32.limit;
    ssdtosd(&ssd, &p_gdt[GBIOSCODE32_SEL].sd);

    ssd.ssd_def32 = 0;
    if (flags & BIOSCODE_FLAG) {
	ssd.ssd_base = seg->code16.base;
	ssd.ssd_limit = seg->code16.limit;
	ssdtosd(&ssd, &p_gdt[GBIOSCODE16_SEL].sd);
    }

    ssd.ssd_type = SDT_MEMRWA;
    if (flags & BIOSDATA_FLAG) {
	ssd.ssd_base = seg->data.base;
	ssd.ssd_limit = seg->data.limit;
	ssdtosd(&ssd, &p_gdt[GBIOSDATA_SEL].sd);
    }

    if (flags & BIOSUTIL_FLAG) {
	ssd.ssd_base = seg->util.base;
	ssd.ssd_limit = seg->util.limit;
	ssdtosd(&ssd, &p_gdt[GBIOSUTIL_SEL].sd);
    }

    if (flags & BIOSARGS_FLAG) {
	ssd.ssd_base = seg->args.base;
	ssd.ssd_limit = seg->args.limit;
	ssdtosd(&ssd, &p_gdt[GBIOSARGS_SEL].sd);
    }
}

extern int vm86pa;
extern void bios16_jmp(void);

/*
 * this routine is really greedy with selectors, and uses 5:
 *
 * 32-bit code selector:	to return to kernel
 * 16-bit code selector:	for running code
 *        data selector:	for 16-bit data
 *        util selector:	extra utility selector
 *        args selector:	to handle pointers
 *
 * the util selector is set from the util16 entry in bios16_args, if a
 * "U" specifier is seen.
 *
 * See <machine/pc/bios.h> for description of format specifiers
 */
int
bios16(struct bios_args *args, char *fmt, ...)
{
    char	*p, *stack, *stack_top;
    va_list 	ap;
    int 	flags = BIOSCODE_FLAG | BIOSDATA_FLAG;
    u_int 	i, arg_start, arg_end;
    pt_entry_t	*pte;
    pd_entry_t	*ptd;

    arg_start = 0xffffffff;
    arg_end = 0;

    /*
     * Some BIOS entrypoints attempt to copy the largest-case
     * argument frame (in order to generalise handling for
     * different entry types).  If our argument frame is
     * smaller than this, the BIOS will reach off the top of
     * our constructed stack segment.  Pad the top of the stack
     * with some garbage to avoid this.
     */
    stack = (caddr_t)PAGE_SIZE - 32;

    va_start(ap, fmt);
    for (p = fmt; p && *p; p++) {
	switch (*p) {
	case 'p':			/* 32-bit pointer */
	    i = va_arg(ap, u_int);
	    arg_start = min(arg_start, i);
	    arg_end = max(arg_end, i);
	    flags |= BIOSARGS_FLAG;
	    stack -= 4;
	    break;

	case 'i':			/* 32-bit integer */
	    i = va_arg(ap, u_int);
	    stack -= 4;
	    break;

	case 'U':			/* 16-bit selector */
	    flags |= BIOSUTIL_FLAG;
	    /* FALLTHROUGH */
	case 'D':			/* 16-bit selector */
	case 'C':			/* 16-bit selector */
	    stack -= 2;
	    break;

	case 's':			/* 16-bit integer passed as an int */
	    i = va_arg(ap, int);
	    stack -= 2;
	    break;

	default:
	    return (EINVAL);
	}
    }

    if (flags & BIOSARGS_FLAG) {
	if (arg_end - arg_start > ctob(16))
	    return (EACCES);
	args->seg.args.base = arg_start;
	args->seg.args.limit = 0xffff;
    }

    args->seg.code32.base = (u_int)&bios16_jmp & PG_FRAME;
    args->seg.code32.limit = 0xffff;

    ptd = (pd_entry_t *)rcr3();
#ifdef PAE
    if (ptd == IdlePDPT)
#else
    if (ptd == IdlePTD)
#endif
    {
	/*
	 * no page table, so create one and install it.
	 */
	pte = (pt_entry_t *)malloc(PAGE_SIZE, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
	ptd = (pd_entry_t *)((u_int)IdlePTD + KERNBASE);
	*pte = (vm86pa - PAGE_SIZE) | PG_RW | PG_V;
	*ptd = vtophys(pte) | PG_RW | PG_V;
    } else {
	/*
	 * this is a user-level page table
	 */
	pte = PTmap;
	*pte = (vm86pa - PAGE_SIZE) | PG_RW | PG_V;
    }
    pmap_invalidate_all(kernel_pmap);	/* XXX insurance for now */

    stack_top = stack;
    va_start(ap, fmt);
    for (p = fmt; p && *p; p++) {
	switch (*p) {
	case 'p':			/* 32-bit pointer */
	    i = va_arg(ap, u_int);
	    *(u_int *)stack = (i - arg_start) |
		(GSEL(GBIOSARGS_SEL, SEL_KPL) << 16);
	    stack += 4;
	    break;

	case 'i':			/* 32-bit integer */
	    i = va_arg(ap, u_int);
	    *(u_int *)stack = i;
	    stack += 4;
	    break;

	case 'U':			/* 16-bit selector */
	    *(u_short *)stack = GSEL(GBIOSUTIL_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	    stack += 2;
	    break;

	case 'D':			/* 16-bit selector */
	    *(u_short *)stack = GSEL(GBIOSDATA_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	    stack += 2;
	    break;

	case 'C':			/* 16-bit selector */
	    *(u_short *)stack = GSEL(GBIOSCODE16_SEL, SEL_KPL);
	    stack += 2;
	    break;

	case 's':			/* 16-bit integer passed as an int */
	    i = va_arg(ap, int);
	    *(u_short *)stack = i;
	    stack += 2;
	    break;

	default:
	    return (EINVAL);
	}
    }

    set_bios_selectors(&args->seg, flags);
    bioscall_vector.vec16.offset = (u_short)args->entry;
    bioscall_vector.vec16.segment = GSEL(GBIOSCODE16_SEL, SEL_KPL);

    i = bios16_call(&args->r, stack_top);

    if (pte == PTmap) {
	*pte = 0;			/* remove entry */
	/*
	 * XXX only needs to be invlpg(0) but that doesn't work on the 386
	 */
	pmap_invalidate_all(kernel_pmap);
    } else {
	*ptd = 0;			/* remove page table */
	/*
	 * XXX only needs to be invlpg(0) but that doesn't work on the 386
	 */
	pmap_invalidate_all(kernel_pmap);
	free(pte, M_TEMP);		/* ... and free it */
    }
    return (i);
}

#ifdef DEV_ISA
/*
 * PnP BIOS interface; enumerate devices only known to the system
 * BIOS and save information about them for later use.
 */

struct pnp_sysdev
{
    u_int16_t	size;
    u_int8_t	handle;
    u_int32_t	devid;
    u_int8_t	type[3];
    u_int16_t	attrib;
#define PNPATTR_NODISABLE	(1<<0)	/* can't be disabled */
#define PNPATTR_NOCONFIG	(1<<1)	/* can't be configured */
#define PNPATTR_OUTPUT		(1<<2)	/* can be primary output */
#define PNPATTR_INPUT		(1<<3)	/* can be primary input */
#define PNPATTR_BOOTABLE	(1<<4)	/* can be booted from */
#define PNPATTR_DOCK		(1<<5)	/* is a docking station */
#define PNPATTR_REMOVEABLE	(1<<6)	/* device is removeable */
#define PNPATTR_CONFIG_STATIC	(0)
#define PNPATTR_CONFIG_DYNAMIC	(1)
#define PNPATTR_CONFIG_DYNONLY	(3)
#define PNPATTR_CONFIG(a)	(((a) >> 7) & 0x3)
    /* device-specific data comes here */
    u_int8_t	devdata[0];
} __packed;

/* We have to cluster arguments within a 64k range for the bios16 call */
struct pnp_sysdevargs
{
    u_int16_t	next;
    struct pnp_sysdev node;
};

/*
 * This function is called after the bus has assigned resource
 * locations for a logical device.
 */
static void
pnpbios_set_config(void *arg, struct isa_config *config, int enable)
{
}

/*
 * Quiz the PnP BIOS, build a list of PNP IDs and resource data.
 */
static void
pnpbios_identify(driver_t *driver, device_t parent)
{
    struct PnPBIOS_table	*pt = PnPBIOStable;
    struct bios_args		args;
    struct pnp_sysdev		*pd;
    struct pnp_sysdevargs	*pda;
    u_int16_t			ndevs, bigdev;
    int				error, currdev;
    u_int8_t			*devnodebuf, tag;
    u_int32_t			*devid, *compid;
    int				idx, left;
    device_t			dev;

    /* no PnP BIOS information */
    if (pt == NULL)
	return;

    /* ACPI already active */
    if (devclass_get_softc(devclass_find("ACPI"), 0) != NULL)
	return;

    /* get count of PnP devices */
    bzero(&args, sizeof(args));
    args.seg.code16.base = BIOS_PADDRTOVADDR(pt->pmentrybase);
    args.seg.code16.limit = 0xffff;		/* XXX ? */
    args.seg.data.base = BIOS_PADDRTOVADDR(pt->pmdataseg);
    args.seg.data.limit = 0xffff;
    args.entry = pt->pmentryoffset;

    if ((error = bios16(&args, PNP_COUNT_DEVNODES, &ndevs, &bigdev)) || (args.r.eax & 0xff))
	printf("pnpbios: error %d/%x getting device count/size limit\n", error, args.r.eax);
    ndevs &= 0xff;				/* clear high byte garbage */
    if (bootverbose)
	printf("pnpbios: %d devices, largest %d bytes\n", ndevs, bigdev);

    devnodebuf = malloc(bigdev + (sizeof(struct pnp_sysdevargs) - sizeof(struct pnp_sysdev)),
			M_DEVBUF, M_NOWAIT);
    pda = (struct pnp_sysdevargs *)devnodebuf;
    pd = &pda->node;

    for (currdev = 0, left = ndevs; (currdev != 0xff) && (left > 0); left--) {

	bzero(pd, bigdev);
	pda->next = currdev;
	/* get current configuration */
	if ((error = bios16(&args, PNP_GET_DEVNODE, &pda->next, &pda->node, 1))) {
	    printf("pnpbios: error %d making BIOS16 call\n", error);
	    break;
	}
	if ((error = (args.r.eax & 0xff))) {
	    if (bootverbose)
		printf("pnpbios: %s 0x%x fetching node %d\n", error & 0x80 ? "error" : "warning", error, currdev);
	    if (error & 0x80)
		break;
	}
	currdev = pda->next;
	if (pd->size < sizeof(struct pnp_sysdev)) {
	    printf("pnpbios: bogus system node data, aborting scan\n");
	    break;
	}

	/*
	 * Ignore PICs so that we don't have to worry about the PICs
	 * claiming IRQs to prevent their use.  The PIC drivers
	 * already ensure that invalid IRQs are not used.
	 */
	if (!strcmp(pnp_eisaformat(pd->devid), "PNP0000"))	/* ISA PIC */
	    continue;
	if (!strcmp(pnp_eisaformat(pd->devid), "PNP0003"))	/* APIC */
	    continue;

	/* Add the device and parse its resources */
	dev = BUS_ADD_CHILD(parent, ISA_ORDER_PNP, NULL, -1);
	isa_set_vendorid(dev, pd->devid);
	isa_set_logicalid(dev, pd->devid);
	/*
	 * It appears that some PnP BIOS doesn't allow us to re-enable
	 * the embedded system device once it is disabled.  We shall
	 * mark all system device nodes as "cannot be disabled", regardless
	 * of actual settings in the device attribute byte.
	 * XXX
	isa_set_configattr(dev,
	    ((pd->attrib & PNPATTR_NODISABLE) ?  0 : ISACFGATTR_CANDISABLE) |
	    ((!(pd->attrib & PNPATTR_NOCONFIG) &&
		PNPATTR_CONFIG(pd->attrib) != PNPATTR_CONFIG_STATIC)
		? ISACFGATTR_DYNAMIC : 0));
	 */
	isa_set_configattr(dev,
	    (!(pd->attrib & PNPATTR_NOCONFIG) &&
		PNPATTR_CONFIG(pd->attrib) != PNPATTR_CONFIG_STATIC)
		? ISACFGATTR_DYNAMIC : 0);
	ISA_SET_CONFIG_CALLBACK(parent, dev, pnpbios_set_config, 0);
	pnp_parse_resources(dev, &pd->devdata[0],
			    pd->size - sizeof(struct pnp_sysdev), 0);
	if (!device_get_desc(dev))
	    device_set_desc_copy(dev, pnp_eisaformat(pd->devid));

	/* Find device IDs */
	devid = &pd->devid;
	compid = NULL;

	/* look for a compatible device ID too */
	left = pd->size - sizeof(struct pnp_sysdev);
	idx = 0;
	while (idx < left) {
	    tag = pd->devdata[idx++];
	    if (PNP_RES_TYPE(tag) == 0) {
		/* Small resource */
		switch (PNP_SRES_NUM(tag)) {
		case PNP_TAG_COMPAT_DEVICE:
		    compid = (u_int32_t *)(pd->devdata + idx);
		    if (bootverbose)
			printf("pnpbios: node %d compat ID 0x%08x\n", pd->handle, *compid);
		    /* FALLTHROUGH */
		case PNP_TAG_END:
		    idx = left;
		    break;
		default:
		    idx += PNP_SRES_LEN(tag);
		    break;
		}
	    } else
		/* Large resource, skip it */
		idx += *(u_int16_t *)(pd->devdata + idx) + 2;
	}
	if (bootverbose) {
	    printf("pnpbios: handle %d device ID %s (%08x)",
		   pd->handle, pnp_eisaformat(*devid), *devid);
	    if (compid != NULL)
		printf(" compat ID %s (%08x)",
		       pnp_eisaformat(*compid), *compid);
	    printf("\n");
	}
    }
}

static device_method_t pnpbios_methods[] = {
	/* Device interface */
	DEVMETHOD(device_identify,	pnpbios_identify),

	{ 0, 0 }
};

static driver_t pnpbios_driver = {
	"pnpbios",
	pnpbios_methods,
	1,			/* no softc */
};

static devclass_t pnpbios_devclass;

DRIVER_MODULE(pnpbios, isa, pnpbios_driver, pnpbios_devclass, 0, 0);
#endif /* DEV_ISA */