xref: /freebsd/sys/gdb/netgdb.c (revision 7ef62cebc2f965b0f640263e179276928885e33d)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2019 Isilon Systems, LLC.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 /*
29  * netgdb.c
30  * FreeBSD subsystem supporting debugging the FreeBSD kernel over the network.
31  *
32  * There are three pieces necessary to use NetGDB.
33  *
34  * First, a dedicated proxy server must be running to accept connections from
35  * both NetGDB and gdb(1), and pass bidirectional traffic between the two
36  * protocols.
37  *
38  * Second, The NetGDB client is activated much like ordinary 'gdb' and
39  * similarly to 'netdump' in ddb(4).  Like other debugnet(4) clients
40  * (netdump(4)), the network interface on the route to the proxy server must be
41  * online and support debugnet(4).
42  *
43  * Finally, the remote (k)gdb(1) uses 'target remote <proxy>:<port>' to connect
44  * to the proxy server.
45  *
46  * NetGDBv1 speaks the literal GDB remote serial protocol, and uses a 1:1
47  * relationship between GDB packets and plain debugnet packets.  There is no
48  * encryption utilized to keep debugging sessions private, so this is only
49  * appropriate for local segments or trusted networks.
50  */
51 
52 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
53 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
54 
55 #include "opt_ddb.h"
56 #ifndef DDB
57 #error "NetGDB cannot be used without DDB at this time"
58 #endif
59 
60 #include <sys/errno.h>
61 #include <sys/param.h>
62 #include <sys/kdb.h>
63 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
64 #include <sys/socket.h>
65 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
66 #include <sys/ttydefaults.h>
67 
68 #include <machine/gdb_machdep.h>
69 
70 #ifdef DDB
71 #include <ddb/ddb.h>
72 #include <ddb/db_command.h>
73 #include <ddb/db_lex.h>
74 #endif
75 
76 #include <net/debugnet.h>
77 #include <net/if.h>
78 #include <net/if_var.h>
79 #include <net/route.h>
80 
81 #include <gdb/gdb.h>
82 #include <gdb/gdb_int.h>
83 #include <gdb/netgdb.h>
84 
85 FEATURE(netgdb, "NetGDB support");
86 SYSCTL_NODE(_debug_gdb, OID_AUTO, netgdb, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, NULL,
87     "NetGDB parameters");
88 
89 static unsigned netgdb_debug;
90 SYSCTL_UINT(_debug_gdb_netgdb, OID_AUTO, debug, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
91     &netgdb_debug, 0,
92     "Debug message verbosity (0: off; 1: on)");
93 
94 #define	NETGDB_DEBUG(f, ...) do {						\
95 	if (netgdb_debug > 0)							\
96 		printf(("%s [%s:%d]: " f), __func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, ##	\
97 		    __VA_ARGS__);						\
98 } while (false)
99 
100 static void netgdb_fini(void);
101 
102 /* Runtime state. */
103 static char netgdb_rxbuf[GDB_BUFSZ + 16];	/* Some overhead for framing. */
104 static struct sbuf netgdb_rxsb;
105 static ssize_t netgdb_rx_off;
106 
107 static struct debugnet_pcb *netgdb_conn;
108 static struct gdb_dbgport *netgdb_prev_dbgport;
109 static int *netgdb_prev_kdb_inactive;
110 
111 /* TODO(CEM) disable ack mode */
112 
113 /*
114  * Attempt to accept the incoming packet. If we run into ENOBUFS or another
115  * error, return it.
116  *
117  * The mbuf chain will have all framing headers removed (ethernet, inet, udp,
118  * debugnet).
119  */
120 static int
121 netgdb_rx(struct mbuf *m)
122 {
123 	uint32_t rlen, count;
124 
125 	rlen = m->m_pkthdr.len;
126 #define	_SBUF_FREESPACE(s)	((s)->s_size - ((s)->s_len + 1))
127 	if (_SBUF_FREESPACE(&netgdb_rxsb) < rlen) {
128 		NETGDB_DEBUG("Backpressure: Not ACKing RX of packet that "
129 		    "would overflow our buffer (%zd/%zd used).\n",
130 		    netgdb_rxsb.s_len, netgdb_rxsb.s_size);
131 		return (ENOBUFS);
132 	}
133 #undef _SBUF_FREESPACE
134 
135 	/*
136 	 * Inlined m_apply -- why isn't there a macro or inline function
137 	 * version?
138 	 */
139 	while (m != NULL && m->m_len == 0)
140 		m = m->m_next;
141 	while (rlen > 0) {
142 		MPASS(m != NULL && m->m_len >= 0);
143 		count = min((uint32_t)m->m_len, rlen);
144 		(void)sbuf_bcat(&netgdb_rxsb, mtod(m, const void *), count);
145 		rlen -= count;
146 		m = m->m_next;
147 	}
148 	return (0);
149 }
150 
151 static void
152 netgdb_finish(void)
153 {
154 	sbuf_putc(&netgdb_rxsb, CTRL('C'));
155 }
156 
157 /*
158  * The following routines implement a pseudo GDB debugport (an emulated serial
159  * driver that the MI gdb(4) code does I/O with).
160  */
161 
162 static int
163 netgdb_dbg_getc(void)
164 {
165 	int c;
166 
167 	while (true) {
168 		/* Pull bytes off any currently cached packet first. */
169 		if (netgdb_rx_off < sbuf_len(&netgdb_rxsb)) {
170 			c = netgdb_rxsb.s_buf[netgdb_rx_off];
171 			netgdb_rx_off++;
172 			break;
173 		}
174 
175 		/* Reached EOF?  Reuse buffer. */
176 		sbuf_clear(&netgdb_rxsb);
177 		netgdb_rx_off = 0;
178 
179 		/* Check for CTRL-C on console/serial, if any. */
180 		if (netgdb_prev_dbgport != NULL) {
181 			c = netgdb_prev_dbgport->gdb_getc();
182 			if (c == CTRL('C'))
183 				break;
184 		}
185 
186 		debugnet_network_poll(netgdb_conn);
187 	}
188 
189 	if (c == CTRL('C')) {
190 		netgdb_fini();
191 		/* Caller gdb_getc() will print that we got ^C. */
192 	}
193 	return (c);
194 }
195 
196 static void
197 netgdb_dbg_sendpacket(const void *buf, size_t len)
198 {
199 	struct debugnet_proto_aux aux;
200 	int error;
201 
202 	MPASS(len <= UINT32_MAX);
203 
204 	/*
205 	 * GDB packet boundaries matter.  debugnet_send() fragments a single
206 	 * request into many sequential debugnet messages.  Mark full packet
207 	 * length and offset for potential reassembly by the proxy.
208 	 */
209 	aux = (struct debugnet_proto_aux) {
210 		.dp_aux2 = len,
211 	};
212 
213 	error = debugnet_send(netgdb_conn, DEBUGNET_DATA, buf, len, &aux);
214 	if (error != 0) {
215 		printf("%s: Network error: %d; trying to switch back to ddb.\n",
216 		    __func__, error);
217 		netgdb_fini();
218 
219 		if (kdb_dbbe_select("ddb") != 0)
220 			printf("The ddb backend could not be selected.\n");
221 		else {
222 			printf("using longjmp, hope it works!\n");
223 			kdb_reenter();
224 		}
225 	}
226 
227 }
228 
229 /* Just used for + / - GDB-level ACKs. */
230 static void
231 netgdb_dbg_putc(int i)
232 {
233 	char c;
234 
235 	c = i;
236 	netgdb_dbg_sendpacket(&c, 1);
237 
238 }
239 
240 static struct gdb_dbgport netgdb_gdb_dbgport = {
241 	.gdb_name = "netgdb",
242 	.gdb_getc = netgdb_dbg_getc,
243 	.gdb_putc = netgdb_dbg_putc,
244 	.gdb_term = netgdb_fini,
245 	.gdb_sendpacket = netgdb_dbg_sendpacket,
246 	.gdb_dbfeatures = GDB_DBGP_FEAT_WANTTERM | GDB_DBGP_FEAT_RELIABLE,
247 };
248 
249 static void
250 netgdb_init(void)
251 {
252 	struct kdb_dbbe *be, **iter;
253 
254 	/*
255 	 * Force enable GDB.  (If no other debugports were registered at boot,
256 	 * KDB thinks it doesn't exist.)
257 	 */
258 	SET_FOREACH(iter, kdb_dbbe_set) {
259 		be = *iter;
260 		if (strcmp(be->dbbe_name, "gdb") != 0)
261 			continue;
262 		if (be->dbbe_active == -1) {
263 			netgdb_prev_kdb_inactive = &be->dbbe_active;
264 			be->dbbe_active = 0;
265 		}
266 		break;
267 	}
268 
269 	/* Force netgdb debugport. */
270 	netgdb_prev_dbgport = gdb_cur;
271 	gdb_cur = &netgdb_gdb_dbgport;
272 
273 	sbuf_new(&netgdb_rxsb, netgdb_rxbuf, sizeof(netgdb_rxbuf),
274 	    SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
275 	netgdb_rx_off = 0;
276 }
277 
278 static void
279 netgdb_fini(void)
280 {
281 
282 	/* TODO: tear down conn gracefully? */
283 	if (netgdb_conn != NULL) {
284 		debugnet_free(netgdb_conn);
285 		netgdb_conn = NULL;
286 	}
287 
288 	sbuf_delete(&netgdb_rxsb);
289 
290 	gdb_cur = netgdb_prev_dbgport;
291 
292 	if (netgdb_prev_kdb_inactive != NULL) {
293 		*netgdb_prev_kdb_inactive = -1;
294 		netgdb_prev_kdb_inactive = NULL;
295 	}
296 }
297 
298 #ifdef DDB
299 /*
300  * Usage: netgdb -s <server> [-g <gateway -c <localip> -i <interface>]
301  *
302  * Order is not significant.
303  *
304  * Currently, this command does not support configuring encryption or
305  * compression.
306  */
307 DB_COMMAND_FLAGS(netgdb, db_netgdb_cmd, CS_OWN)
308 {
309 	struct debugnet_ddb_config params;
310 	struct debugnet_conn_params dcp;
311 	struct debugnet_pcb *pcb;
312 	char proxy_buf[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
313 	int error;
314 
315 	if (!KERNEL_PANICKED()) {
316 		/* TODO: This limitation should be removed in future work. */
317 		printf("%s: netgdb is currently limited to use only after a "
318 		    "panic.  Sorry.\n", __func__);
319 		return;
320 	}
321 
322 	error = debugnet_parse_ddb_cmd("netgdb", &params);
323 	if (error != 0) {
324 		db_printf("Error configuring netgdb: %d\n", error);
325 		return;
326 	}
327 
328 	/*
329 	 * Must initialize netgdb_rxsb before debugnet_connect(), because we
330 	 * might be getting rx handler callbacks from the send->poll path
331 	 * during debugnet_connect().
332 	 */
333 	netgdb_init();
334 
335 	if (!params.dd_has_client)
336 		params.dd_client = INADDR_ANY;
337 	if (!params.dd_has_gateway)
338 		params.dd_gateway = INADDR_ANY;
339 
340 	dcp = (struct debugnet_conn_params) {
341 		.dc_ifp = params.dd_ifp,
342 		.dc_client = params.dd_client,
343 		.dc_server = params.dd_server,
344 		.dc_gateway = params.dd_gateway,
345 		.dc_herald_port = NETGDB_HERALDPORT,
346 		.dc_client_port = NETGDB_CLIENTPORT,
347 		.dc_herald_aux2 = NETGDB_PROTO_V1,
348 		.dc_rx_handler = netgdb_rx,
349 		.dc_finish_handler = netgdb_finish,
350 	};
351 
352 	error = debugnet_connect(&dcp, &pcb);
353 	if (error != 0) {
354 		printf("failed to contact netgdb server: %d\n", error);
355 		netgdb_fini();
356 		return;
357 	}
358 
359 	netgdb_conn = pcb;
360 
361 	if (kdb_dbbe_select("gdb") != 0) {
362 		db_printf("The remote GDB backend could not be selected.\n");
363 		netgdb_fini();
364 		return;
365 	}
366 
367 	/*
368 	 * Mark that we are done in ddb(4).  Return -> kdb_trap() should
369 	 * re-enter with the new backend.
370 	 */
371 	db_cmd_loop_done = 1;
372 	gdb_return_to_ddb = true;
373 	db_printf("(detaching GDB will return control to DDB)\n");
374 
375 	const in_addr_t *proxy_addr = debugnet_get_server_addr(netgdb_conn);
376 	const uint16_t proxy_port = debugnet_get_server_port(netgdb_conn) + 1;
377 	inet_ntop(AF_INET, proxy_addr, proxy_buf, sizeof(proxy_buf));
378 	if (inet_ntop(AF_INET, proxy_addr, proxy_buf, sizeof(proxy_buf)) == NULL) {
379 		db_printf("Connected to proxy. "
380 		    "Use target remote <proxy address>:%hu to begin debugging.\n",
381 		    proxy_port);
382 	} else {
383 		db_printf("Connected to proxy. "
384 		    "Use target remote %s:%hu to begin debugging.\n",
385 		    proxy_buf, proxy_port);
386 	}
387 #if 0
388 	/* Aspirational, but does not work reliably. */
389 	db_printf("(ctrl-c will return control to ddb)\n");
390 #endif
391 }
392 #endif /* DDB */
393