xref: /freebsd/sys/fs/tmpfs/tmpfs.h (revision 3b852823339de23e65ffc488229bf75a2896fe2b)
1 /*	$NetBSD: tmpfs.h,v 1.26 2007/02/22 06:37:00 thorpej Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Julio M. Merino Vidal, developed as part of Google's Summer of Code
9  * 2005 program.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
21  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
22  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
23  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
24  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
25  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
26  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
27  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
28  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
29  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
30  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  * $FreeBSD$
33  */
34 
35 #ifndef _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_
36 #define _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_
37 
38 #include <sys/dirent.h>
39 #include <sys/mount.h>
40 #include <sys/queue.h>
41 #include <sys/vnode.h>
42 #include <sys/file.h>
43 #include <sys/lock.h>
44 #include <sys/mutex.h>
45 
46 #include <sys/malloc.h>
47 #include <sys/systm.h>
48 #include <sys/tree.h>
49 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
50 #include <vm/swap_pager.h>
51 
52 MALLOC_DECLARE(M_TMPFSMNT);
53 MALLOC_DECLARE(M_TMPFSNAME);
54 
55 /*
56  * Internal representation of a tmpfs directory entry.
57  */
58 
59 LIST_HEAD(tmpfs_dir_duphead, tmpfs_dirent);
60 
61 struct tmpfs_dirent {
62 	/*
63 	 * Depending on td_cookie flag entry can be of 3 types:
64 	 * - regular -- no hash collisions, stored in RB-Tree
65 	 * - duphead -- synthetic linked list head for dup entries
66 	 * - dup -- stored in linked list instead of RB-Tree
67 	 */
68 	union {
69 		/* regular and duphead entry types */
70 		RB_ENTRY(tmpfs_dirent)		td_entries;
71 
72 		/* dup entry type */
73 		struct {
74 			LIST_ENTRY(tmpfs_dirent) entries;
75 			LIST_ENTRY(tmpfs_dirent) index_entries;
76 		} td_dup;
77 	} uh;
78 
79 	uint32_t			td_cookie;
80 	uint32_t			td_hash;
81 	u_int				td_namelen;
82 
83 	/* Pointer to the node this entry refers to.  In case this field
84 	 * is NULL, the node is a whiteout. */
85 	struct tmpfs_node *		td_node;
86 
87 	union {
88 		/*
89 		 * The name of the entry, allocated from a string pool.  This
90 		 * string is not required to be zero-terminated.
91 		 */
92 		char *			td_name;	/* regular, dup */
93 		struct tmpfs_dir_duphead td_duphead;	/* duphead */
94 	} ud;
95 };
96 
97 /* A directory in tmpfs holds a list of directory entries, which in
98  * turn point to other files (which can be directories themselves).
99  *
100  * In tmpfs, this list is managed by a RB-Tree, whose head is defined by
101  * the struct tmpfs_dir type.
102  *
103  * It is important to notice that directories do not have entries for . and
104  * .. as other file systems do.  These can be generated when requested
105  * based on information available by other means, such as the pointer to
106  * the node itself in the former case or the pointer to the parent directory
107  * in the latter case.  This is done to simplify tmpfs's code and, more
108  * importantly, to remove redundancy. */
109 RB_HEAD(tmpfs_dir, tmpfs_dirent);
110 
111 /* Each entry in a directory has a cookie that identifies it.  Cookies
112  * supersede offsets within directories because, given how tmpfs stores
113  * directories in memory, there is no such thing as an offset.
114  *
115  * The '.', '..' and the end of directory markers have fixed cookies which
116  * cannot collide with the cookies generated by other entries.  The cookies
117  * for the other entries are generated based on the file name hash value or
118  * unique number in case of name hash collision.
119  *
120  * To preserve compatibility cookies are limited to 31 bits.
121  */
122 
123 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOT		0
124 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOTDOT		1
125 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_EOF		2
126 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_MASK		((off_t)0x3fffffffU)
127 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_MIN		((off_t)0x00000004U)
128 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DUP		((off_t)0x40000000U)
129 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DUPHEAD		((off_t)0x80000000U)
130 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DUP_MIN		TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DUP
131 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DUP_MAX		\
132 	(TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DUP | TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_MASK)
133 
134 /*
135  * Internal representation of a tmpfs file system node.
136  *
137  * This structure is splitted in two parts: one holds attributes common
138  * to all file types and the other holds data that is only applicable to
139  * a particular type.  The code must be careful to only access those
140  * attributes that are actually allowed by the node's type.
141  *
142  *
143  * Below is the key of locks used to protected the fields in the following
144  * structures.
145  *
146  */
147 struct tmpfs_node {
148 	/* Doubly-linked list entry which links all existing nodes for a
149 	 * single file system.  This is provided to ease the removal of
150 	 * all nodes during the unmount operation. */
151 	LIST_ENTRY(tmpfs_node)	tn_entries;
152 
153 	/* The node's type.  Any of 'VBLK', 'VCHR', 'VDIR', 'VFIFO',
154 	 * 'VLNK', 'VREG' and 'VSOCK' is allowed.  The usage of vnode
155 	 * types instead of a custom enumeration is to make things simpler
156 	 * and faster, as we do not need to convert between two types. */
157 	enum vtype		tn_type;
158 
159 	/* Node identifier. */
160 	ino_t			tn_id;
161 
162 	/* Node's internal status.  This is used by several file system
163 	 * operations to do modifications to the node in a delayed
164 	 * fashion. */
165 	int			tn_status;
166 #define	TMPFS_NODE_ACCESSED	(1 << 1)
167 #define	TMPFS_NODE_MODIFIED	(1 << 2)
168 #define	TMPFS_NODE_CHANGED	(1 << 3)
169 
170 	/* The node size.  It does not necessarily match the real amount
171 	 * of memory consumed by it. */
172 	off_t			tn_size;
173 
174 	/* Generic node attributes. */
175 	uid_t			tn_uid;
176 	gid_t			tn_gid;
177 	mode_t			tn_mode;
178 	u_long			tn_flags;
179 	nlink_t			tn_links;
180 	struct timespec		tn_atime;
181 	struct timespec		tn_mtime;
182 	struct timespec		tn_ctime;
183 	struct timespec		tn_birthtime;
184 	unsigned long		tn_gen;
185 
186 	/* As there is a single vnode for each active file within the
187 	 * system, care has to be taken to avoid allocating more than one
188 	 * vnode per file.  In order to do this, a bidirectional association
189 	 * is kept between vnodes and nodes.
190 	 *
191 	 * Whenever a vnode is allocated, its v_data field is updated to
192 	 * point to the node it references.  At the same time, the node's
193 	 * tn_vnode field is modified to point to the new vnode representing
194 	 * it.  Further attempts to allocate a vnode for this same node will
195 	 * result in returning a new reference to the value stored in
196 	 * tn_vnode.
197 	 *
198 	 * May be NULL when the node is unused (that is, no vnode has been
199 	 * allocated for it or it has been reclaimed). */
200 	struct vnode *		tn_vnode;
201 
202 	/* Interlock to protect tn_vpstate, and tn_status under shared
203 	 * vnode lock.
204 	 */
205 	struct mtx	tn_interlock;
206 
207 	/* Identify if current node has vnode assiocate with
208 	 * or allocating vnode.
209 	 */
210 	int		tn_vpstate;
211 
212 	/* misc data field for different tn_type node */
213 	union {
214 		/* Valid when tn_type == VBLK || tn_type == VCHR. */
215 		dev_t			tn_rdev;
216 
217 		/* Valid when tn_type == VDIR. */
218 		struct tn_dir {
219 			/* Pointer to the parent directory.  The root
220 			 * directory has a pointer to itself in this field;
221 			 * this property identifies the root node. */
222 			struct tmpfs_node *	tn_parent;
223 
224 			/* Head of a tree that links the contents of
225 			 * the directory together. */
226 			struct tmpfs_dir	tn_dirhead;
227 
228 			/* Head of a list the contains fake directory entries
229 			 * heads, i.e. entries with TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DUPHEAD
230 			 * flag. */
231 			struct tmpfs_dir_duphead tn_dupindex;
232 
233 			/* Number and pointer of the first directory entry
234 			 * returned by the readdir operation if it were
235 			 * called again to continue reading data from the
236 			 * same directory as before.  This is used to speed
237 			 * up reads of long directories, assuming that no
238 			 * more than one read is in progress at a given time.
239 			 * Otherwise, these values are discarded. */
240 			off_t			tn_readdir_lastn;
241 			struct tmpfs_dirent *	tn_readdir_lastp;
242 		} tn_dir;
243 
244 		/* Valid when tn_type == VLNK. */
245 		/* The link's target, allocated from a string pool. */
246 		char *			tn_link;
247 
248 		/* Valid when tn_type == VREG. */
249 		struct tn_reg {
250 			/* The contents of regular files stored in a tmpfs
251 			 * file system are represented by a single anonymous
252 			 * memory object (aobj, for short).  The aobj provides
253 			 * direct access to any position within the file,
254 			 * because its contents are always mapped in a
255 			 * contiguous region of virtual memory.  It is a task
256 			 * of the memory management subsystem (see uvm(9)) to
257 			 * issue the required page ins or page outs whenever
258 			 * a position within the file is accessed. */
259 			vm_object_t		tn_aobj;
260 
261 		}tn_reg;
262 
263 		/* Valid when tn_type = VFIFO */
264 		struct tn_fifo {
265 			fo_rdwr_t		*tn_fo_read;
266 			fo_rdwr_t		*tn_fo_write;
267 		}tn_fifo;
268 	}tn_spec;
269 };
270 LIST_HEAD(tmpfs_node_list, tmpfs_node);
271 
272 #define tn_rdev tn_spec.tn_rdev
273 #define tn_dir tn_spec.tn_dir
274 #define tn_link tn_spec.tn_link
275 #define tn_reg tn_spec.tn_reg
276 #define tn_fifo tn_spec.tn_fifo
277 
278 #define TMPFS_NODE_LOCK(node) mtx_lock(&(node)->tn_interlock)
279 #define TMPFS_NODE_UNLOCK(node) mtx_unlock(&(node)->tn_interlock)
280 #define TMPFS_NODE_MTX(node) (&(node)->tn_interlock)
281 #define	TMPFS_NODE_ASSERT_LOCKED(node) mtx_assert(TMPFS_NODE_MTX(node), \
282     MA_OWNED)
283 
284 #ifdef INVARIANTS
285 #define TMPFS_ASSERT_LOCKED(node) do {					\
286 		MPASS(node != NULL);					\
287 		MPASS(node->tn_vnode != NULL);				\
288 		if (!VOP_ISLOCKED(node->tn_vnode) &&			\
289 		    !mtx_owned(TMPFS_NODE_MTX(node)))			\
290 			panic("tmpfs: node is not locked: %p", node);	\
291 	} while (0)
292 #define TMPFS_ASSERT_ELOCKED(node) do {					\
293 		MPASS((node) != NULL);					\
294 		MPASS((node)->tn_vnode != NULL);			\
295 		mtx_assert(TMPFS_NODE_MTX(node), MA_OWNED);		\
296 		ASSERT_VOP_LOCKED((node)->tn_vnode, "tmpfs");		\
297 	} while (0)
298 #else
299 #define TMPFS_ASSERT_LOCKED(node) (void)0
300 #define TMPFS_ASSERT_ELOCKED(node) (void)0
301 #endif
302 
303 #define TMPFS_VNODE_ALLOCATING	1
304 #define TMPFS_VNODE_WANT	2
305 #define TMPFS_VNODE_DOOMED	4
306 #define	TMPFS_VNODE_WRECLAIM	8
307 
308 /*
309  * Internal representation of a tmpfs mount point.
310  */
311 struct tmpfs_mount {
312 	/* Maximum number of memory pages available for use by the file
313 	 * system, set during mount time.  This variable must never be
314 	 * used directly as it may be bigger than the current amount of
315 	 * free memory; in the extreme case, it will hold the ULONG_MAX
316 	 * value. */
317 	u_long			tm_pages_max;
318 
319 	/* Number of pages in use by the file system. */
320 	u_long			tm_pages_used;
321 
322 	/* Pointer to the node representing the root directory of this
323 	 * file system. */
324 	struct tmpfs_node *	tm_root;
325 
326 	/* Maximum number of possible nodes for this file system; set
327 	 * during mount time.  We need a hard limit on the maximum number
328 	 * of nodes to avoid allocating too much of them; their objects
329 	 * cannot be released until the file system is unmounted.
330 	 * Otherwise, we could easily run out of memory by creating lots
331 	 * of empty files and then simply removing them. */
332 	ino_t			tm_nodes_max;
333 
334 	/* unrhdr used to allocate inode numbers */
335 	struct unrhdr *		tm_ino_unr;
336 
337 	/* Number of nodes currently that are in use. */
338 	ino_t			tm_nodes_inuse;
339 
340 	/* maximum representable file size */
341 	u_int64_t		tm_maxfilesize;
342 
343 	/* Nodes are organized in two different lists.  The used list
344 	 * contains all nodes that are currently used by the file system;
345 	 * i.e., they refer to existing files.  The available list contains
346 	 * all nodes that are currently available for use by new files.
347 	 * Nodes must be kept in this list (instead of deleting them)
348 	 * because we need to keep track of their generation number (tn_gen
349 	 * field).
350 	 *
351 	 * Note that nodes are lazily allocated: if the available list is
352 	 * empty and we have enough space to create more nodes, they will be
353 	 * created and inserted in the used list.  Once these are released,
354 	 * they will go into the available list, remaining alive until the
355 	 * file system is unmounted. */
356 	struct tmpfs_node_list	tm_nodes_used;
357 
358 	/* All node lock to protect the node list and tmp_pages_used */
359 	struct mtx allnode_lock;
360 
361 	/* Pools used to store file system meta data.  These are not shared
362 	 * across several instances of tmpfs for the reasons described in
363 	 * tmpfs_pool.c. */
364 	uma_zone_t		tm_dirent_pool;
365 	uma_zone_t		tm_node_pool;
366 
367 	/* Read-only status. */
368 	int			tm_ronly;
369 };
370 #define TMPFS_LOCK(tm) mtx_lock(&(tm)->allnode_lock)
371 #define TMPFS_UNLOCK(tm) mtx_unlock(&(tm)->allnode_lock)
372 
373 /*
374  * This structure maps a file identifier to a tmpfs node.  Used by the
375  * NFS code.
376  */
377 struct tmpfs_fid {
378 	uint16_t		tf_len;
379 	uint16_t		tf_pad;
380 	ino_t			tf_id;
381 	unsigned long		tf_gen;
382 };
383 
384 #ifdef _KERNEL
385 /*
386  * Prototypes for tmpfs_subr.c.
387  */
388 
389 int	tmpfs_alloc_node(struct mount *mp, struct tmpfs_mount *, enum vtype,
390 	    uid_t uid, gid_t gid, mode_t mode, struct tmpfs_node *,
391 	    char *, dev_t, struct tmpfs_node **);
392 void	tmpfs_free_node(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_node *);
393 int	tmpfs_alloc_dirent(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_node *,
394 	    const char *, u_int, struct tmpfs_dirent **);
395 void	tmpfs_free_dirent(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
396 void	tmpfs_dirent_init(struct tmpfs_dirent *, const char *, u_int);
397 void	tmpfs_destroy_vobject(struct vnode *vp, vm_object_t obj);
398 int	tmpfs_alloc_vp(struct mount *, struct tmpfs_node *, int,
399 	    struct vnode **);
400 void	tmpfs_free_vp(struct vnode *);
401 int	tmpfs_alloc_file(struct vnode *, struct vnode **, struct vattr *,
402 	    struct componentname *, char *);
403 void	tmpfs_check_mtime(struct vnode *);
404 void	tmpfs_dir_attach(struct vnode *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
405 void	tmpfs_dir_detach(struct vnode *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
406 void	tmpfs_dir_destroy(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_node *);
407 struct tmpfs_dirent *	tmpfs_dir_lookup(struct tmpfs_node *node,
408 			    struct tmpfs_node *f,
409 			    struct componentname *cnp);
410 int	tmpfs_dir_getdents(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *, int,
411 	    u_long *, int *);
412 int	tmpfs_dir_whiteout_add(struct vnode *, struct componentname *);
413 void	tmpfs_dir_whiteout_remove(struct vnode *, struct componentname *);
414 int	tmpfs_reg_resize(struct vnode *, off_t, boolean_t);
415 int	tmpfs_chflags(struct vnode *, u_long, struct ucred *, struct thread *);
416 int	tmpfs_chmod(struct vnode *, mode_t, struct ucred *, struct thread *);
417 int	tmpfs_chown(struct vnode *, uid_t, gid_t, struct ucred *,
418 	    struct thread *);
419 int	tmpfs_chsize(struct vnode *, u_quad_t, struct ucred *, struct thread *);
420 int	tmpfs_chtimes(struct vnode *, struct vattr *, struct ucred *cred,
421 	    struct thread *);
422 void	tmpfs_itimes(struct vnode *, const struct timespec *,
423 	    const struct timespec *);
424 
425 void	tmpfs_set_status(struct tmpfs_node *node, int status);
426 void	tmpfs_update(struct vnode *);
427 int	tmpfs_truncate(struct vnode *, off_t);
428 
429 /*
430  * Convenience macros to simplify some logical expressions.
431  */
432 #define IMPLIES(a, b) (!(a) || (b))
433 #define IFF(a, b) (IMPLIES(a, b) && IMPLIES(b, a))
434 
435 /*
436  * Checks that the directory entry pointed by 'de' matches the name 'name'
437  * with a length of 'len'.
438  */
439 #define TMPFS_DIRENT_MATCHES(de, name, len) \
440     (de->td_namelen == len && \
441     bcmp((de)->ud.td_name, (name), (de)->td_namelen) == 0)
442 
443 /*
444  * Ensures that the node pointed by 'node' is a directory and that its
445  * contents are consistent with respect to directories.
446  */
447 #define TMPFS_VALIDATE_DIR(node) do { \
448 	MPASS((node)->tn_type == VDIR); \
449 	MPASS((node)->tn_size % sizeof(struct tmpfs_dirent) == 0); \
450 } while (0)
451 
452 /*
453  * Memory management stuff.
454  */
455 
456 /*
457  * Amount of memory pages to reserve for the system (e.g., to not use by
458  * tmpfs).
459  */
460 #define TMPFS_PAGES_MINRESERVED		(4 * 1024 * 1024 / PAGE_SIZE)
461 
462 size_t tmpfs_mem_avail(void);
463 
464 size_t tmpfs_pages_used(struct tmpfs_mount *tmp);
465 
466 #endif
467 
468 /*
469  * Macros/functions to convert from generic data structures to tmpfs
470  * specific ones.
471  */
472 
473 static inline
474 struct tmpfs_mount *
475 VFS_TO_TMPFS(struct mount *mp)
476 {
477 	struct tmpfs_mount *tmp;
478 
479 	MPASS((mp) != NULL && (mp)->mnt_data != NULL);
480 	tmp = (struct tmpfs_mount *)(mp)->mnt_data;
481 	return tmp;
482 }
483 
484 static inline
485 struct tmpfs_node *
486 VP_TO_TMPFS_NODE(struct vnode *vp)
487 {
488 	struct tmpfs_node *node;
489 
490 	MPASS((vp) != NULL && (vp)->v_data != NULL);
491 	node = (struct tmpfs_node *)vp->v_data;
492 	return node;
493 }
494 
495 static inline
496 struct tmpfs_node *
497 VP_TO_TMPFS_DIR(struct vnode *vp)
498 {
499 	struct tmpfs_node *node;
500 
501 	node = VP_TO_TMPFS_NODE(vp);
502 	TMPFS_VALIDATE_DIR(node);
503 	return node;
504 }
505 
506 #endif /* _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_ */
507