xref: /freebsd/sys/fs/tmpfs/tmpfs.h (revision 282a3889ebf826db9839be296ff1dd903f6d6d6e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: tmpfs.h,v 1.18 2006/03/31 20:27:49 riz Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2005 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Julio M. Merino Vidal, developed as part of Google's Summer of Code
9  * 2005 program.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *        This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
22  *        Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
23  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
24  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
25  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
28  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
30  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
31  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
32  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
33  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
34  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
35  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
36  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
37  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
38  *
39  * $FreeBSD$
40  */
41 
42 #ifndef _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_
43 #define _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_
44 
45 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------
46  * KERNEL-SPECIFIC DEFINITIONS
47  * --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
48 #include <sys/dirent.h>
49 #include <sys/mount.h>
50 #include <sys/queue.h>
51 #include <sys/vnode.h>
52 #include <sys/file.h>
53 #include <sys/lock.h>
54 #include <sys/mutex.h>
55 
56 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
57 #include <sys/malloc.h>
58 #include <sys/systm.h>
59 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
60 #include <vm/swap_pager.h>
61 
62 MALLOC_DECLARE(M_TMPFSMNT);
63 MALLOC_DECLARE(M_TMPFSNAME);
64 
65 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
66 
67 /*
68  * Internal representation of a tmpfs directory entry.
69  */
70 struct tmpfs_dirent {
71 	TAILQ_ENTRY(tmpfs_dirent)	td_entries;
72 
73 	/* Length of the name stored in this directory entry.  This avoids
74 	 * the need to recalculate it every time the name is used. */
75 	uint16_t			td_namelen;
76 
77 	/* The name of the entry, allocated from a string pool.  This
78 	* string is not required to be zero-terminated; therefore, the
79 	* td_namelen field must always be used when accessing its value. */
80 	char *				td_name;
81 
82 	/* Pointer to the node this entry refers to. */
83 	struct tmpfs_node *		td_node;
84 };
85 
86 /* A directory in tmpfs holds a sorted list of directory entries, which in
87  * turn point to other files (which can be directories themselves).
88  *
89  * In tmpfs, this list is managed by a tail queue, whose head is defined by
90  * the struct tmpfs_dir type.
91  *
92  * It is imporant to notice that directories do not have entries for . and
93  * .. as other file systems do.  These can be generated when requested
94  * based on information available by other means, such as the pointer to
95  * the node itself in the former case or the pointer to the parent directory
96  * in the latter case.  This is done to simplify tmpfs's code and, more
97  * importantly, to remove redundancy. */
98 TAILQ_HEAD(tmpfs_dir, tmpfs_dirent);
99 
100 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE(dirent)	((off_t)(uintptr_t)(dirent))
101 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOT	0
102 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOTDOT	1
103 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_EOF	2
104 
105 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
106 
107 /*
108  * Internal representation of a tmpfs file system node.
109  *
110  * This structure is splitted in two parts: one holds attributes common
111  * to all file types and the other holds data that is only applicable to
112  * a particular type.  The code must be careful to only access those
113  * attributes that are actually allowed by the node's type.
114  *
115  *
116  * Below is the key of locks used to protected the fields in the following
117  * structures.
118  *
119  */
120 struct tmpfs_node {
121 	/* Doubly-linked list entry which links all existing nodes for a
122 	 * single file system.  This is provided to ease the removal of
123 	 * all nodes during the unmount operation. */
124 	LIST_ENTRY(tmpfs_node)	tn_entries;
125 
126 	/* The node's type.  Any of 'VBLK', 'VCHR', 'VDIR', 'VFIFO',
127 	 * 'VLNK', 'VREG' and 'VSOCK' is allowed.  The usage of vnode
128 	 * types instead of a custom enumeration is to make things simpler
129 	 * and faster, as we do not need to convert between two types. */
130 	enum vtype		tn_type;
131 
132 	/* Node identifier. */
133 	ino_t			tn_id;
134 
135 	/* Node's internal status.  This is used by several file system
136 	 * operations to do modifications to the node in a delayed
137 	 * fashion. */
138 	int			tn_status;
139 #define	TMPFS_NODE_ACCESSED	(1 << 1)
140 #define	TMPFS_NODE_MODIFIED	(1 << 2)
141 #define	TMPFS_NODE_CHANGED	(1 << 3)
142 
143 	/* The node size.  It does not necessarily match the real amount
144 	 * of memory consumed by it. */
145 	off_t			tn_size;
146 
147 	/* Generic node attributes. */
148 	uid_t			tn_uid;
149 	gid_t			tn_gid;
150 	mode_t			tn_mode;
151 	int			tn_flags;
152 	nlink_t			tn_links;
153 	struct timespec		tn_atime;
154 	struct timespec		tn_mtime;
155 	struct timespec		tn_ctime;
156 	struct timespec		tn_birthtime;
157 	unsigned long		tn_gen;
158 
159 	/* Head of byte-level lock list (used by tmpfs_advlock). */
160 	struct lockf *		tn_lockf;
161 
162 	/* As there is a single vnode for each active file within the
163 	 * system, care has to be taken to avoid allocating more than one
164 	 * vnode per file.  In order to do this, a bidirectional association
165 	 * is kept between vnodes and nodes.
166 	 *
167 	 * Whenever a vnode is allocated, its v_data field is updated to
168 	 * point to the node it references.  At the same time, the node's
169 	 * tn_vnode field is modified to point to the new vnode representing
170 	 * it.  Further attempts to allocate a vnode for this same node will
171 	 * result in returning a new reference to the value stored in
172 	 * tn_vnode.
173 	 *
174 	 * May be NULL when the node is unused (that is, no vnode has been
175 	 * allocated for it or it has been reclaimed). */
176 	struct vnode *		tn_vnode;
177 
178 	/* Pointer to the node returned by tmpfs_lookup() after doing a
179 	 * delete or a rename lookup; its value is only valid in these two
180 	 * situations.  In case we were looking up . or .., it holds a null
181 	 * pointer. */
182 	struct tmpfs_dirent *	tn_lookup_dirent;
183 
184 	/* interlock to protect tn_vpstate */
185 	struct mtx	tn_interlock;
186 
187 	/* Identify if current node has vnode assiocate with
188 	 * or allocating vnode.
189 	 */
190 	int		tn_vpstate;
191 
192 	/* misc data field for different tn_type node */
193 	union {
194 		/* Valid when tn_type == VBLK || tn_type == VCHR. */
195 		dev_t			tn_rdev;
196 
197 		/* Valid when tn_type == VDIR. */
198 		struct tn_dir{
199 			/* Pointer to the parent directory.  The root
200 			 * directory has a pointer to itself in this field;
201 			 * this property identifies the root node. */
202 			struct tmpfs_node *	tn_parent;
203 
204 			/* Head of a tail-queue that links the contents of
205 			 * the directory together.  See above for a
206 			 * description of its contents. */
207 			struct tmpfs_dir	tn_dirhead;
208 
209 			/* Number and pointer of the first directory entry
210 			 * returned by the readdir operation if it were
211 			 * called again to continue reading data from the
212 			 * same directory as before.  This is used to speed
213 			 * up reads of long directories, assuming that no
214 			 * more than one read is in progress at a given time.
215 			 * Otherwise, these values are discarded and a linear
216 			 * scan is performed from the beginning up to the
217 			 * point where readdir starts returning values. */
218 			off_t			tn_readdir_lastn;
219 			struct tmpfs_dirent *	tn_readdir_lastp;
220 		}tn_dir;
221 
222 		/* Valid when tn_type == VLNK. */
223 		/* The link's target, allocated from a string pool. */
224 		char *			tn_link;
225 
226 		/* Valid when tn_type == VREG. */
227 		struct tn_reg {
228 			/* The contents of regular files stored in a tmpfs
229 			 * file system are represented by a single anonymous
230 			 * memory object (aobj, for short).  The aobj provides
231 			 * direct access to any position within the file,
232 			 * because its contents are always mapped in a
233 			 * contiguous region of virtual memory.  It is a task
234 			 * of the memory management subsystem (see uvm(9)) to
235 			 * issue the required page ins or page outs whenever
236 			 * a position within the file is accessed. */
237 			vm_object_t		tn_aobj;
238 			size_t			tn_aobj_pages;
239 
240 		}tn_reg;
241 
242 		/* Valid when tn_type = VFIFO */
243 		struct tn_fifo {
244 			fo_rdwr_t		*tn_fo_read;
245 			fo_rdwr_t		*tn_fo_write;
246 		}tn_fifo;
247 	}tn_spec;
248 };
249 LIST_HEAD(tmpfs_node_list, tmpfs_node);
250 
251 #define tn_rdev tn_spec.tn_rdev
252 #define tn_dir tn_spec.tn_dir
253 #define tn_link tn_spec.tn_link
254 #define tn_reg tn_spec.tn_reg
255 #define tn_fifo tn_spec.tn_fifo
256 
257 #define TMPFS_NODE_LOCK(node) mtx_lock(&(node)->tn_interlock)
258 #define TMPFS_NODE_UNLOCK(node) mtx_unlock(&(node)->tn_interlock)
259 
260 #define TMPFS_VNODE_ALLOCATING	1
261 #define TMPFS_VNODE_WANT	2
262 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
263 
264 /*
265  * Internal representation of a tmpfs mount point.
266  */
267 struct tmpfs_mount {
268 	/* Maximum number of memory pages available for use by the file
269 	 * system, set during mount time.  This variable must never be
270 	 * used directly as it may be bigger than the current amount of
271 	 * free memory; in the extreme case, it will hold the SIZE_MAX
272 	 * value.  Instead, use the TMPFS_PAGES_MAX macro. */
273 	size_t			tm_pages_max;
274 
275 	/* Number of pages in use by the file system.  Cannot be bigger
276 	 * than the value returned by TMPFS_PAGES_MAX in any case. */
277 	size_t			tm_pages_used;
278 
279 	/* Pointer to the node representing the root directory of this
280 	 * file system. */
281 	struct tmpfs_node *	tm_root;
282 
283 	/* Maximum number of possible nodes for this file system; set
284 	 * during mount time.  We need a hard limit on the maximum number
285 	 * of nodes to avoid allocating too much of them; their objects
286 	 * cannot be released until the file system is unmounted.
287 	 * Otherwise, we could easily run out of memory by creating lots
288 	 * of empty files and then simply removing them. */
289 	ino_t			tm_nodes_max;
290 
291 	/* unrhdr used to allocate inode numbers */
292 	struct unrhdr *		tm_ino_unr;
293 
294 	/* Number of nodes currently that are in use. */
295 	ino_t			tm_nodes_inuse;
296 
297 	/* maximum representable file size */
298 	u_int64_t		tm_maxfilesize;
299 
300 	/* Nodes are organized in two different lists.  The used list
301 	 * contains all nodes that are currently used by the file system;
302 	 * i.e., they refer to existing files.  The available list contains
303 	 * all nodes that are currently available for use by new files.
304 	 * Nodes must be kept in this list (instead of deleting them)
305 	 * because we need to keep track of their generation number (tn_gen
306 	 * field).
307 	 *
308 	 * Note that nodes are lazily allocated: if the available list is
309 	 * empty and we have enough space to create more nodes, they will be
310 	 * created and inserted in the used list.  Once these are released,
311 	 * they will go into the available list, remaining alive until the
312 	 * file system is unmounted. */
313 	struct tmpfs_node_list	tm_nodes_used;
314 
315 	/* All node lock to protect the node list and tmp_pages_used */
316 	struct mtx allnode_lock;
317 
318 	/* Pools used to store file system meta data.  These are not shared
319 	 * across several instances of tmpfs for the reasons described in
320 	 * tmpfs_pool.c. */
321 	uma_zone_t		tm_dirent_pool;
322 	uma_zone_t		tm_node_pool;
323 };
324 #define TMPFS_LOCK(tm) mtx_lock(&(tm)->allnode_lock)
325 #define TMPFS_UNLOCK(tm) mtx_unlock(&(tm)->allnode_lock)
326 
327 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
328 
329 /*
330  * This structure maps a file identifier to a tmpfs node.  Used by the
331  * NFS code.
332  */
333 struct tmpfs_fid {
334 	uint16_t		tf_len;
335 	uint16_t		tf_pad;
336 	ino_t			tf_id;
337 	unsigned long		tf_gen;
338 };
339 
340 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
341 
342 #ifdef _KERNEL
343 /*
344  * Prototypes for tmpfs_subr.c.
345  */
346 
347 int	tmpfs_alloc_node(struct tmpfs_mount *, enum vtype,
348 	    uid_t uid, gid_t gid, mode_t mode, struct tmpfs_node *,
349 	    char *, dev_t, struct thread *, struct tmpfs_node **);
350 void	tmpfs_free_node(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_node *);
351 int	tmpfs_alloc_dirent(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_node *,
352 	    const char *, uint16_t, struct tmpfs_dirent **);
353 void	tmpfs_free_dirent(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_dirent *,
354 	    boolean_t);
355 int	tmpfs_alloc_vp(struct mount *, struct tmpfs_node *, struct vnode **,
356 	    struct thread *td);
357 void	tmpfs_free_vp(struct vnode *);
358 int	tmpfs_alloc_file(struct vnode *, struct vnode **, struct vattr *,
359 	    struct componentname *, char *);
360 void	tmpfs_dir_attach(struct vnode *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
361 void	tmpfs_dir_detach(struct vnode *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
362 struct tmpfs_dirent *	tmpfs_dir_lookup(struct tmpfs_node *node,
363 			    struct componentname *cnp);
364 int	tmpfs_dir_getdotdent(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *);
365 int	tmpfs_dir_getdotdotdent(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *);
366 struct tmpfs_dirent *	tmpfs_dir_lookupbycookie(struct tmpfs_node *, off_t);
367 int	tmpfs_dir_getdents(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *, off_t *);
368 int	tmpfs_reg_resize(struct vnode *, off_t);
369 int	tmpfs_chflags(struct vnode *, int, struct ucred *, struct thread *);
370 int	tmpfs_chmod(struct vnode *, mode_t, struct ucred *, struct thread *);
371 int	tmpfs_chown(struct vnode *, uid_t, gid_t, struct ucred *,
372 	    struct thread *);
373 int	tmpfs_chsize(struct vnode *, u_quad_t, struct ucred *, struct thread *);
374 int	tmpfs_chtimes(struct vnode *, struct timespec *, struct timespec *,
375 	    struct timespec *, int, struct ucred *, struct thread *);
376 void	tmpfs_itimes(struct vnode *, const struct timespec *,
377 	    const struct timespec *);
378 
379 void	tmpfs_update(struct vnode *);
380 int	tmpfs_truncate(struct vnode *, off_t);
381 
382 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
383 
384 /*
385  * Convenience macros to simplify some logical expressions.
386  */
387 #define IMPLIES(a, b) (!(a) || (b))
388 #define IFF(a, b) (IMPLIES(a, b) && IMPLIES(b, a))
389 
390 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
391 
392 /*
393  * Checks that the directory entry pointed by 'de' matches the name 'name'
394  * with a length of 'len'.
395  */
396 #define TMPFS_DIRENT_MATCHES(de, name, len) \
397     (de->td_namelen == (uint16_t)len && \
398     memcmp((de)->td_name, (name), (de)->td_namelen) == 0)
399 
400 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
401 
402 /*
403  * Ensures that the node pointed by 'node' is a directory and that its
404  * contents are consistent with respect to directories.
405  */
406 #define TMPFS_VALIDATE_DIR(node) \
407     MPASS((node)->tn_type == VDIR); \
408     MPASS((node)->tn_size % sizeof(struct tmpfs_dirent) == 0); \
409     MPASS((node)->tn_dir.tn_readdir_lastp == NULL || \
410 	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE((node)->tn_dir.tn_readdir_lastp) == (node)->tn_dir.tn_readdir_lastn);
411 
412 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
413 
414 /*
415  * Memory management stuff.
416  */
417 
418 /* Amount of memory pages to reserve for the system (e.g., to not use by
419  * tmpfs).
420  * XXX: Should this be tunable through sysctl, for instance? */
421 #define TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED (4 * 1024 * 1024 / PAGE_SIZE)
422 
423 /*
424  * Returns information about the number of available memory pages,
425  * including physical and virtual ones.
426  *
427  * If 'total' is TRUE, the value returned is the total amount of memory
428  * pages configured for the system (either in use or free).
429  * If it is FALSE, the value returned is the amount of free memory pages.
430  *
431  * Remember to remove TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED from the returned value to avoid
432  * excessive memory usage.
433  *
434  */
435 static __inline size_t
436 tmpfs_mem_info(void)
437 {
438 	size_t size;
439 
440 	size = swap_pager_avail + cnt.v_free_count + cnt.v_inactive_count;
441 	size -= size > cnt.v_wire_count ? cnt.v_wire_count : size;
442 	return size;
443 }
444 
445 /* Returns the maximum size allowed for a tmpfs file system.  This macro
446  * must be used instead of directly retrieving the value from tm_pages_max.
447  * The reason is that the size of a tmpfs file system is dynamic: it lets
448  * the user store files as long as there is enough free memory (including
449  * physical memory and swap space).  Therefore, the amount of memory to be
450  * used is either the limit imposed by the user during mount time or the
451  * amount of available memory, whichever is lower.  To avoid consuming all
452  * the memory for a given mount point, the system will always reserve a
453  * minimum of TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED pages, which is also taken into account
454  * by this macro (see above). */
455 static __inline size_t
456 TMPFS_PAGES_MAX(struct tmpfs_mount *tmp)
457 {
458 	size_t freepages;
459 
460 	freepages = tmpfs_mem_info();
461 	freepages -= freepages < TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED ?
462 	    freepages : TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED;
463 
464 	return MIN(tmp->tm_pages_max, freepages + tmp->tm_pages_used);
465 }
466 
467 /* Returns the available space for the given file system. */
468 #define TMPFS_META_PAGES(tmp) (howmany((tmp)->tm_nodes_inuse * (sizeof(struct tmpfs_node) \
469 				+ sizeof(struct tmpfs_dirent)), PAGE_SIZE))
470 #define TMPFS_FILE_PAGES(tmp) ((tmp)->tm_pages_used)
471 
472 #define TMPFS_PAGES_AVAIL(tmp) (TMPFS_PAGES_MAX(tmp) > \
473 			TMPFS_META_PAGES(tmp)+TMPFS_FILE_PAGES(tmp)? \
474 			TMPFS_PAGES_MAX(tmp) - TMPFS_META_PAGES(tmp) \
475 			- TMPFS_FILE_PAGES(tmp):0)
476 
477 #endif
478 
479 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
480 
481 /*
482  * Macros/functions to convert from generic data structures to tmpfs
483  * specific ones.
484  */
485 
486 static inline
487 struct tmpfs_mount *
488 VFS_TO_TMPFS(struct mount *mp)
489 {
490 	struct tmpfs_mount *tmp;
491 
492 	MPASS((mp) != NULL && (mp)->mnt_data != NULL);
493 	tmp = (struct tmpfs_mount *)(mp)->mnt_data;
494 	return tmp;
495 }
496 
497 static inline
498 struct tmpfs_node *
499 VP_TO_TMPFS_NODE(struct vnode *vp)
500 {
501 	struct tmpfs_node *node;
502 
503 	MPASS((vp) != NULL && (vp)->v_data != NULL);
504 	node = (struct tmpfs_node *)vp->v_data;
505 	return node;
506 }
507 
508 static inline
509 struct tmpfs_node *
510 VP_TO_TMPFS_DIR(struct vnode *vp)
511 {
512 	struct tmpfs_node *node;
513 
514 	node = VP_TO_TMPFS_NODE(vp);
515 	TMPFS_VALIDATE_DIR(node);
516 	return node;
517 }
518 
519 #endif /* _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_ */
520