xref: /freebsd/sys/fs/msdosfs/bpb.h (revision d167cf6f3a474d20001eddfb1d7c672407ef2630)
1 /* $FreeBSD$ */
2 /*	$NetBSD: bpb.h,v 1.7 1997/11/17 15:36:24 ws Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*-
5  * Written by Paul Popelka (paulp@uts.amdahl.com)
6  *
7  * You can do anything you want with this software, just don't say you wrote
8  * it, and don't remove this notice.
9  *
10  * This software is provided "as is".
11  *
12  * The author supplies this software to be publicly redistributed on the
13  * understanding that the author is not responsible for the correct
14  * functioning of this software in any circumstances and is not liable for
15  * any damages caused by this software.
16  *
17  * October 1992
18  */
19 
20 /*
21  * BIOS Parameter Block (BPB) for DOS 3.3
22  */
23 struct bpb33 {
24 	u_int16_t	bpbBytesPerSec;	/* bytes per sector */
25 	u_int8_t	bpbSecPerClust;	/* sectors per cluster */
26 	u_int16_t	bpbResSectors;	/* number of reserved sectors */
27 	u_int8_t	bpbFATs;	/* number of FATs */
28 	u_int16_t	bpbRootDirEnts;	/* number of root directory entries */
29 	u_int16_t	bpbSectors;	/* total number of sectors */
30 	u_int8_t	bpbMedia;	/* media descriptor */
31 	u_int16_t	bpbFATsecs;	/* number of sectors per FAT */
32 	u_int16_t	bpbSecPerTrack;	/* sectors per track */
33 	u_int16_t	bpbHeads;	/* number of heads */
34 	u_int16_t	bpbHiddenSecs;	/* number of hidden sectors */
35 };
36 
37 /*
38  * BPB for DOS 5.0 The difference is bpbHiddenSecs is a short for DOS 3.3,
39  * and bpbHugeSectors is not in the 3.3 bpb.
40  */
41 struct bpb50 {
42 	u_int16_t	bpbBytesPerSec;	/* bytes per sector */
43 	u_int8_t	bpbSecPerClust;	/* sectors per cluster */
44 	u_int16_t	bpbResSectors;	/* number of reserved sectors */
45 	u_int8_t	bpbFATs;	/* number of FATs */
46 	u_int16_t	bpbRootDirEnts;	/* number of root directory entries */
47 	u_int16_t	bpbSectors;	/* total number of sectors */
48 	u_int8_t	bpbMedia;	/* media descriptor */
49 	u_int16_t	bpbFATsecs;	/* number of sectors per FAT */
50 	u_int16_t	bpbSecPerTrack;	/* sectors per track */
51 	u_int16_t	bpbHeads;	/* number of heads */
52 	u_int32_t	bpbHiddenSecs;	/* # of hidden sectors */
53 	u_int32_t	bpbHugeSectors;	/* # of sectors if bpbSectors == 0 */
54 };
55 
56 /*
57  * BPB for DOS 7.10 (FAT32).  This one has a few extensions to bpb50.
58  */
59 struct bpb710 {
60 	u_int16_t	bpbBytesPerSec;	/* bytes per sector */
61 	u_int8_t	bpbSecPerClust;	/* sectors per cluster */
62 	u_int16_t	bpbResSectors;	/* number of reserved sectors */
63 	u_int8_t	bpbFATs;	/* number of FATs */
64 	u_int16_t	bpbRootDirEnts;	/* number of root directory entries */
65 	u_int16_t	bpbSectors;	/* total number of sectors */
66 	u_int8_t	bpbMedia;	/* media descriptor */
67 	u_int16_t	bpbFATsecs;	/* number of sectors per FAT */
68 	u_int16_t	bpbSecPerTrack;	/* sectors per track */
69 	u_int16_t	bpbHeads;	/* number of heads */
70 	u_int32_t	bpbHiddenSecs;	/* # of hidden sectors */
71 	u_int32_t	bpbHugeSectors;	/* # of sectors if bpbSectors == 0 */
72 	u_int32_t	bpbBigFATsecs;	/* like bpbFATsecs for FAT32 */
73 	u_int16_t	bpbExtFlags;	/* extended flags: */
74 #define	FATNUM		0xf		/* mask for numbering active FAT */
75 #define	FATMIRROR	0x80		/* FAT is mirrored (like it always was) */
76 	u_int16_t	bpbFSVers;	/* filesystem version */
77 #define	FSVERS		0		/* currently only 0 is understood */
78 	u_int32_t	bpbRootClust;	/* start cluster for root directory */
79 	u_int16_t	bpbFSInfo;	/* filesystem info structure sector */
80 	u_int16_t	bpbBackup;	/* backup boot sector */
81 	/* There is a 12 byte filler here, but we ignore it */
82 };
83 
84 /*
85  * The following structures represent how the bpb's look on disk.  shorts
86  * and longs are just character arrays of the appropriate length.  This is
87  * because the compiler forces shorts and longs to align on word or
88  * halfword boundaries.
89  *
90  * XXX The little-endian code here assumes that the processor can access
91  * 16-bit and 32-bit quantities on byte boundaries.  If this is not true,
92  * use the macros for the big-endian case.
93  */
94 
95 #include <machine/endian.h>
96 
97 #ifdef __i386__
98 #define	UNLALIGNED_ACCESS
99 #endif
100 
101 #if (BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN) && defined(UNALIGNED_ACCESS)
102 #define	getushort(x)	*((u_int16_t *)(x))
103 #define	getulong(x)	*((u_int32_t *)(x))
104 #define	putushort(p, v)	(*((u_int16_t *)(p)) = (v))
105 #define	putulong(p, v)	(*((u_int32_t *)(p)) = (v))
106 #else
107 #define getushort(x)	(((u_int8_t *)(x))[0] + (((u_int8_t *)(x))[1] << 8))
108 #define getulong(x)	(((u_int8_t *)(x))[0] + (((u_int8_t *)(x))[1] << 8) \
109 			 + (((u_int8_t *)(x))[2] << 16)	\
110 			 + (((u_int8_t *)(x))[3] << 24))
111 #define putushort(p, v)	(((u_int8_t *)(p))[0] = (v),	\
112 			 ((u_int8_t *)(p))[1] = (v) >> 8)
113 #define putulong(p, v)	(((u_int8_t *)(p))[0] = (v),	\
114 			 ((u_int8_t *)(p))[1] = (v) >> 8, \
115 			 ((u_int8_t *)(p))[2] = (v) >> 16,\
116 			 ((u_int8_t *)(p))[3] = (v) >> 24)
117 #endif
118 
119 /*
120  * BIOS Parameter Block (BPB) for DOS 3.3
121  */
122 struct byte_bpb33 {
123 	int8_t bpbBytesPerSec[2];	/* bytes per sector */
124 	int8_t bpbSecPerClust;		/* sectors per cluster */
125 	int8_t bpbResSectors[2];	/* number of reserved sectors */
126 	int8_t bpbFATs;			/* number of FATs */
127 	int8_t bpbRootDirEnts[2];	/* number of root directory entries */
128 	int8_t bpbSectors[2];		/* total number of sectors */
129 	int8_t bpbMedia;		/* media descriptor */
130 	int8_t bpbFATsecs[2];		/* number of sectors per FAT */
131 	int8_t bpbSecPerTrack[2];	/* sectors per track */
132 	int8_t bpbHeads[2];		/* number of heads */
133 	int8_t bpbHiddenSecs[2];	/* number of hidden sectors */
134 };
135 
136 /*
137  * BPB for DOS 5.0 The difference is bpbHiddenSecs is a short for DOS 3.3,
138  * and bpbHugeSectors is not in the 3.3 bpb.
139  */
140 struct byte_bpb50 {
141 	int8_t bpbBytesPerSec[2];	/* bytes per sector */
142 	int8_t bpbSecPerClust;		/* sectors per cluster */
143 	int8_t bpbResSectors[2];	/* number of reserved sectors */
144 	int8_t bpbFATs;			/* number of FATs */
145 	int8_t bpbRootDirEnts[2];	/* number of root directory entries */
146 	int8_t bpbSectors[2];		/* total number of sectors */
147 	int8_t bpbMedia;		/* media descriptor */
148 	int8_t bpbFATsecs[2];		/* number of sectors per FAT */
149 	int8_t bpbSecPerTrack[2];	/* sectors per track */
150 	int8_t bpbHeads[2];		/* number of heads */
151 	int8_t bpbHiddenSecs[4];	/* number of hidden sectors */
152 	int8_t bpbHugeSectors[4];	/* # of sectors if bpbSectors == 0 */
153 };
154 
155 /*
156  * BPB for DOS 7.10 (FAT32).  This one has a few extensions to bpb50.
157  */
158 struct byte_bpb710 {
159 	u_int8_t bpbBytesPerSec[2];	/* bytes per sector */
160 	u_int8_t bpbSecPerClust;	/* sectors per cluster */
161 	u_int8_t bpbResSectors[2];	/* number of reserved sectors */
162 	u_int8_t bpbFATs;		/* number of FATs */
163 	u_int8_t bpbRootDirEnts[2];	/* number of root directory entries */
164 	u_int8_t bpbSectors[2];		/* total number of sectors */
165 	u_int8_t bpbMedia;		/* media descriptor */
166 	u_int8_t bpbFATsecs[2];		/* number of sectors per FAT */
167 	u_int8_t bpbSecPerTrack[2];	/* sectors per track */
168 	u_int8_t bpbHeads[2];		/* number of heads */
169 	u_int8_t bpbHiddenSecs[4];	/* # of hidden sectors */
170 	u_int8_t bpbHugeSectors[4];	/* # of sectors if bpbSectors == 0 */
171 	u_int8_t bpbBigFATsecs[4];	/* like bpbFATsecs for FAT32 */
172 	u_int8_t bpbExtFlags[2];	/* extended flags: */
173 	u_int8_t bpbFSVers[2];		/* filesystem version */
174 	u_int8_t bpbRootClust[4];	/* start cluster for root directory */
175 	u_int8_t bpbFSInfo[2];		/* filesystem info structure sector */
176 	u_int8_t bpbBackup[2];		/* backup boot sector */
177 	/* There is a 12 byte filler here, but we ignore it */
178 };
179 
180 /*
181  * FAT32 FSInfo block.
182  */
183 struct fsinfo {
184 	u_int8_t fsisig1[4];
185 	u_int8_t fsifill1[480];
186 	u_int8_t fsisig2[4];
187 	u_int8_t fsinfree[4];
188 	u_int8_t fsinxtfree[4];
189 	u_int8_t fsifill2[12];
190 	u_int8_t fsisig3[4];
191 	u_int8_t fsifill3[508];
192 	u_int8_t fsisig4[4];
193 };
194