xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/xen/timer/xen_timer.c (revision 02e9120893770924227138ba49df1edb3896112a)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2009 Adrian Chadd
5  * Copyright (c) 2012 Spectra Logic Corporation
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  */
30 
31 /**
32  * \file dev/xen/timer/xen_timer.c
33  * \brief A timer driver for the Xen hypervisor's PV clock.
34  */
35 
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/systm.h>
38 #include <sys/bus.h>
39 #include <sys/kernel.h>
40 #include <sys/module.h>
41 #include <sys/time.h>
42 #include <sys/timetc.h>
43 #include <sys/timeet.h>
44 #include <sys/smp.h>
45 #include <sys/limits.h>
46 #include <sys/clock.h>
47 #include <sys/proc.h>
48 
49 #include <xen/xen-os.h>
50 #include <xen/features.h>
51 #include <xen/xen_intr.h>
52 #include <xen/hypervisor.h>
53 #include <contrib/xen/io/xenbus.h>
54 #include <contrib/xen/vcpu.h>
55 #include <xen/error.h>
56 
57 #include <machine/cpu.h>
58 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
59 #include <machine/clock.h>
60 #include <machine/_inttypes.h>
61 #include <machine/smp.h>
62 #include <machine/pvclock.h>
63 
64 #include <dev/xen/timer/timer.h>
65 
66 #include "clock_if.h"
67 
68 #define	NSEC_IN_SEC	1000000000ULL
69 #define	NSEC_IN_USEC	1000ULL
70 /* 18446744073 = int(2^64 / NSEC_IN_SC) = 1 ns in 64-bit fractions */
71 #define	FRAC_IN_NSEC	18446744073LL
72 
73 /* Xen timers may fire up to 100us off */
74 #define	XENTIMER_MIN_PERIOD_IN_NSEC	100*NSEC_IN_USEC
75 
76 /*
77  * The real resolution of the PV clock is 1ns, but the highest
78  * resolution that FreeBSD supports is 1us, so just use that.
79  */
80 #define	XENCLOCK_RESOLUTION		1
81 
82 #define	XENTIMER_QUALITY	950
83 
84 struct xentimer_pcpu_data {
85 	uint64_t timer;
86 	uint64_t last_processed;
87 	xen_intr_handle_t irq_handle;
88 };
89 
90 DPCPU_DEFINE(struct xentimer_pcpu_data, xentimer_pcpu);
91 
92 DPCPU_DECLARE(struct vcpu_info *, vcpu_info);
93 
94 struct xentimer_softc {
95 	device_t dev;
96 	struct timecounter tc;
97 	struct eventtimer et;
98 };
99 
100 static void
101 xentimer_identify(driver_t *driver, device_t parent)
102 {
103 	if (!xen_domain())
104 		return;
105 
106 	/* Handle all Xen PV timers in one device instance. */
107 	if (devclass_get_device(devclass_find(driver->name), 0))
108 		return;
109 
110 	BUS_ADD_CHILD(parent, 0, driver->name, 0);
111 }
112 
113 static int
114 xentimer_probe(device_t dev)
115 {
116 	KASSERT((xen_domain()), ("Trying to use Xen timer on bare metal"));
117 	/*
118 	 * In order to attach, this driver requires the following:
119 	 * - Vector callback support by the hypervisor, in order to deliver
120 	 *   timer interrupts to the correct CPU for CPUs other than 0.
121 	 * - Access to the hypervisor shared info page, in order to look up
122 	 *   each VCPU's timer information and the Xen wallclock time.
123 	 * - The hypervisor must say its PV clock is "safe" to use.
124 	 * - The hypervisor must support VCPUOP hypercalls.
125 	 * - The maximum number of CPUs supported by FreeBSD must not exceed
126 	 *   the number of VCPUs supported by the hypervisor.
127 	 */
128 #define	XTREQUIRES(condition, reason...)	\
129 	if (!(condition)) {			\
130 		device_printf(dev, ## reason);	\
131 		device_detach(dev);		\
132 		return (ENXIO);			\
133 	}
134 
135 	if (xen_hvm_domain()) {
136 		XTREQUIRES(xen_vector_callback_enabled,
137 		           "vector callbacks unavailable\n");
138 		XTREQUIRES(xen_feature(XENFEAT_hvm_safe_pvclock),
139 		           "HVM safe pvclock unavailable\n");
140 	}
141 	XTREQUIRES(HYPERVISOR_shared_info != NULL,
142 	           "shared info page unavailable\n");
143 	XTREQUIRES(HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_stop_periodic_timer, 0, NULL) == 0,
144 	           "VCPUOPs interface unavailable\n");
145 #undef XTREQUIRES
146 	device_set_desc(dev, "Xen PV Clock");
147 	return (BUS_PROBE_NOWILDCARD);
148 }
149 
150 /**
151  * \brief Get the current time, in nanoseconds, since the hypervisor booted.
152  *
153  * \param vcpu		vcpu_info structure to fetch the time from.
154  *
155  */
156 static uint64_t
157 xen_fetch_vcpu_time(struct vcpu_info *vcpu)
158 {
159 	struct pvclock_vcpu_time_info *time;
160 
161 	time = (struct pvclock_vcpu_time_info *) &vcpu->time;
162 
163 	return (pvclock_get_timecount(time));
164 }
165 
166 static uint32_t
167 xentimer_get_timecount(struct timecounter *tc)
168 {
169 	uint64_t vcpu_time;
170 
171 	/*
172 	 * We don't disable preemption here because the worst that can
173 	 * happen is reading the vcpu_info area of a different CPU than
174 	 * the one we are currently running on, but that would also
175 	 * return a valid tc (and we avoid the overhead of
176 	 * critical_{enter/exit} calls).
177 	 */
178 	vcpu_time = xen_fetch_vcpu_time(DPCPU_GET(vcpu_info));
179 
180 	return (vcpu_time & UINT32_MAX);
181 }
182 
183 /**
184  * \brief Fetch the hypervisor boot time, known as the "Xen wallclock".
185  *
186  * \param ts		Timespec to store the current stable value.
187  * \param version	Pointer to store the corresponding wallclock version.
188  *
189  * \note This value is updated when Domain-0 shifts its clock to follow
190  *       clock drift, e.g. as detected by NTP.
191  */
192 static void
193 xen_fetch_wallclock(struct timespec *ts)
194 {
195 	shared_info_t *src = HYPERVISOR_shared_info;
196 	struct pvclock_wall_clock *wc;
197 
198 	wc = (struct pvclock_wall_clock *) &src->wc_version;
199 
200 	pvclock_get_wallclock(wc, ts);
201 }
202 
203 static void
204 xen_fetch_uptime(struct timespec *ts)
205 {
206 	uint64_t uptime;
207 
208 	uptime = xen_fetch_vcpu_time(DPCPU_GET(vcpu_info));
209 
210 	ts->tv_sec = uptime / NSEC_IN_SEC;
211 	ts->tv_nsec = uptime % NSEC_IN_SEC;
212 }
213 
214 static int
215 xentimer_settime(device_t dev __unused, struct timespec *ts)
216 {
217 	struct xen_platform_op settime;
218 	int ret;
219 
220 	/*
221 	 * Don't return EINVAL here; just silently fail if the domain isn't
222 	 * privileged enough to set the TOD.
223 	 */
224 	if (!xen_initial_domain())
225 		return (0);
226 
227 	settime.cmd = XENPF_settime64;
228 	settime.u.settime64.mbz = 0;
229 	settime.u.settime64.secs = ts->tv_sec;
230 	settime.u.settime64.nsecs = ts->tv_nsec;
231 	settime.u.settime64.system_time =
232 		xen_fetch_vcpu_time(DPCPU_GET(vcpu_info));
233 
234 	ret = HYPERVISOR_platform_op(&settime);
235 	ret = ret != 0 ? xen_translate_error(ret) : 0;
236 	if (ret != 0 && bootverbose)
237 		device_printf(dev, "failed to set Xen PV clock: %d\n", ret);
238 
239 	return (ret);
240 }
241 
242 /**
243  * \brief Return current time according to the Xen Hypervisor wallclock.
244  *
245  * \param dev	Xentimer device.
246  * \param ts	Pointer to store the wallclock time.
247  *
248  * \note  The Xen time structures document the hypervisor start time and the
249  *        uptime-since-hypervisor-start (in nsec.) They need to be combined
250  *        in order to calculate a TOD clock.
251  */
252 static int
253 xentimer_gettime(device_t dev, struct timespec *ts)
254 {
255 	struct timespec u_ts;
256 
257 	timespecclear(ts);
258 	xen_fetch_wallclock(ts);
259 	xen_fetch_uptime(&u_ts);
260 	timespecadd(ts, &u_ts, ts);
261 
262 	return (0);
263 }
264 
265 /**
266  * \brief Handle a timer interrupt for the Xen PV timer driver.
267  *
268  * \param arg	Xen timer driver softc that is expecting the interrupt.
269  */
270 static int
271 xentimer_intr(void *arg)
272 {
273 	struct xentimer_softc *sc = (struct xentimer_softc *)arg;
274 	struct xentimer_pcpu_data *pcpu = DPCPU_PTR(xentimer_pcpu);
275 
276 	pcpu->last_processed = xen_fetch_vcpu_time(DPCPU_GET(vcpu_info));
277 	if (pcpu->timer != 0 && sc->et.et_active)
278 		sc->et.et_event_cb(&sc->et, sc->et.et_arg);
279 
280 	return (FILTER_HANDLED);
281 }
282 
283 static int
284 xentimer_vcpu_start_timer(int vcpu, uint64_t next_time)
285 {
286 	struct vcpu_set_singleshot_timer single;
287 
288 	single.timeout_abs_ns = next_time;
289 	/* Get an event anyway, even if the timeout is already expired */
290 	single.flags          = 0;
291 	return (HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_set_singleshot_timer, vcpu, &single));
292 }
293 
294 static int
295 xentimer_vcpu_stop_timer(int vcpu)
296 {
297 
298 	return (HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_stop_singleshot_timer, vcpu, NULL));
299 }
300 
301 /**
302  * \brief Set the next oneshot time for the current CPU.
303  *
304  * \param et	Xen timer driver event timer to schedule on.
305  * \param first	Delta to the next time to schedule the interrupt for.
306  * \param period Not used.
307  *
308  * \note See eventtimers(9) for more information.
309  * \note
310  *
311  * \returns 0
312  */
313 static int
314 xentimer_et_start(struct eventtimer *et,
315     sbintime_t first, sbintime_t period)
316 {
317 	int error;
318 	struct xentimer_softc *sc = et->et_priv;
319 	int cpu = PCPU_GET(vcpu_id);
320 	struct xentimer_pcpu_data *pcpu = DPCPU_PTR(xentimer_pcpu);
321 	struct vcpu_info *vcpu = DPCPU_GET(vcpu_info);
322 	uint64_t first_in_ns, next_time;
323 #ifdef INVARIANTS
324 	struct thread *td = curthread;
325 #endif
326 
327 	KASSERT(td->td_critnest != 0,
328 	    ("xentimer_et_start called without preemption disabled"));
329 
330 	/* See sbttots() for this formula. */
331 	first_in_ns = (((first >> 32) * NSEC_IN_SEC) +
332 	               (((uint64_t)NSEC_IN_SEC * (uint32_t)first) >> 32));
333 
334 	next_time = xen_fetch_vcpu_time(vcpu) + first_in_ns;
335 	error = xentimer_vcpu_start_timer(cpu, next_time);
336 	if (error)
337 		panic("%s: Error %d setting singleshot timer to %"PRIu64"\n",
338 		    device_get_nameunit(sc->dev), error, next_time);
339 
340 	pcpu->timer = next_time;
341 	return (error);
342 }
343 
344 /**
345  * \brief Cancel the event timer's currently running timer, if any.
346  */
347 static int
348 xentimer_et_stop(struct eventtimer *et)
349 {
350 	int cpu = PCPU_GET(vcpu_id);
351 	struct xentimer_pcpu_data *pcpu = DPCPU_PTR(xentimer_pcpu);
352 
353 	pcpu->timer = 0;
354 	return (xentimer_vcpu_stop_timer(cpu));
355 }
356 
357 /**
358  * \brief Attach a Xen PV timer driver instance.
359  *
360  * \param dev	Bus device object to attach.
361  *
362  * \note
363  * \returns EINVAL
364  */
365 static int
366 xentimer_attach(device_t dev)
367 {
368 	struct xentimer_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
369 	int error, i;
370 
371 	sc->dev = dev;
372 
373 	/* Bind an event channel to a VIRQ on each VCPU. */
374 	CPU_FOREACH(i) {
375 		struct xentimer_pcpu_data *pcpu;
376 
377 		pcpu = DPCPU_ID_PTR(i, xentimer_pcpu);
378 		error = HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_stop_periodic_timer, i, NULL);
379 		if (error) {
380 			device_printf(dev, "Error disabling Xen periodic timer "
381 			                   "on CPU %d\n", i);
382 			return (error);
383 		}
384 
385 		error = xen_intr_bind_virq(dev, VIRQ_TIMER, i, xentimer_intr,
386 		    NULL, sc, INTR_TYPE_CLK, &pcpu->irq_handle);
387 		if (error) {
388 			device_printf(dev, "Error %d binding VIRQ_TIMER "
389 			    "to VCPU %d\n", error, i);
390 			return (error);
391 		}
392 		xen_intr_describe(pcpu->irq_handle, "c%d", i);
393 	}
394 
395 	/* Register the event timer. */
396 	sc->et.et_name = "XENTIMER";
397 	sc->et.et_quality = XENTIMER_QUALITY;
398 	sc->et.et_flags = ET_FLAGS_ONESHOT | ET_FLAGS_PERCPU;
399 	sc->et.et_frequency = NSEC_IN_SEC;
400 	/* See tstosbt() for this formula */
401 	sc->et.et_min_period = (XENTIMER_MIN_PERIOD_IN_NSEC *
402 	                        (((uint64_t)1 << 63) / 500000000) >> 32);
403 	sc->et.et_max_period = ((sbintime_t)4 << 32);
404 	sc->et.et_start = xentimer_et_start;
405 	sc->et.et_stop = xentimer_et_stop;
406 	sc->et.et_priv = sc;
407 	et_register(&sc->et);
408 
409 	/* Register the timecounter. */
410 	sc->tc.tc_name = "XENTIMER";
411 	sc->tc.tc_quality = XENTIMER_QUALITY;
412 	/*
413 	 * FIXME: due to the lack of ordering during resume, FreeBSD cannot
414 	 * guarantee that the Xen PV timer is resumed before any other device
415 	 * attempts to make use of it, so mark it as not safe for suspension
416 	 * (ie: remove the TC_FLAGS_SUSPEND_SAFE flag).
417 	 *
418 	 * NB: This was not a problem in previous FreeBSD versions because the
419 	 * timer was directly attached to the nexus, but it is an issue now
420 	 * that the timer is attached to the xenpv bus, and thus resumed
421 	 * later.
422 	 *
423 	 * sc->tc.tc_flags = TC_FLAGS_SUSPEND_SAFE;
424 	 */
425     	/*
426 	 * The underlying resolution is in nanoseconds, since the timer info
427 	 * scales TSC frequencies using a fraction that represents time in
428 	 * terms of nanoseconds.
429 	 */
430 	sc->tc.tc_frequency = NSEC_IN_SEC;
431 	sc->tc.tc_counter_mask = ~0u;
432 	sc->tc.tc_get_timecount = xentimer_get_timecount;
433 	sc->tc.tc_priv = sc;
434 	tc_init(&sc->tc);
435 
436 	/* Register the Hypervisor wall clock */
437 	clock_register(dev, XENCLOCK_RESOLUTION);
438 
439 	return (0);
440 }
441 
442 static int
443 xentimer_detach(device_t dev)
444 {
445 
446 	/* Implement Xen PV clock teardown - XXX see hpet_detach ? */
447 	/* If possible:
448 	 * 1. need to deregister timecounter
449 	 * 2. need to deregister event timer
450 	 * 3. need to deregister virtual IRQ event channels
451 	 */
452 	return (EBUSY);
453 }
454 
455 static void
456 xentimer_percpu_resume(void *arg)
457 {
458 	device_t dev = (device_t) arg;
459 	struct xentimer_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
460 
461 	xentimer_et_start(&sc->et, sc->et.et_min_period, 0);
462 }
463 
464 static int
465 xentimer_resume(device_t dev)
466 {
467 	int error;
468 	int i;
469 
470 	/* Disable the periodic timer */
471 	CPU_FOREACH(i) {
472 		error = HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_stop_periodic_timer, i, NULL);
473 		if (error != 0) {
474 			device_printf(dev,
475 			    "Error disabling Xen periodic timer on CPU %d\n",
476 			    i);
477 			return (error);
478 		}
479 	}
480 
481 	/* Reset the last uptime value */
482 	pvclock_resume();
483 
484 	/* Reset the RTC clock */
485 	inittodr(time_second);
486 
487 	/* Kick the timers on all CPUs */
488 	smp_rendezvous(NULL, xentimer_percpu_resume, NULL, dev);
489 
490 	if (bootverbose)
491 		device_printf(dev, "resumed operation after suspension\n");
492 
493 	return (0);
494 }
495 
496 static int
497 xentimer_suspend(device_t dev)
498 {
499 	return (0);
500 }
501 
502 /*
503  * Xen early clock init
504  */
505 void
506 xen_clock_init(void)
507 {
508 }
509 
510 /*
511  * Xen PV DELAY function
512  *
513  * When running on PVH mode we don't have an emulated i8524, so
514  * make use of the Xen time info in order to code a simple DELAY
515  * function that can be used during early boot.
516  */
517 void
518 xen_delay(int n)
519 {
520 	struct vcpu_info *vcpu = &HYPERVISOR_shared_info->vcpu_info[0];
521 	uint64_t end_ns;
522 	uint64_t current;
523 
524 	end_ns = xen_fetch_vcpu_time(vcpu);
525 	end_ns += n * NSEC_IN_USEC;
526 
527 	for (;;) {
528 		current = xen_fetch_vcpu_time(vcpu);
529 		if (current >= end_ns)
530 			break;
531 	}
532 }
533 
534 static device_method_t xentimer_methods[] = {
535 	DEVMETHOD(device_identify, xentimer_identify),
536 	DEVMETHOD(device_probe, xentimer_probe),
537 	DEVMETHOD(device_attach, xentimer_attach),
538 	DEVMETHOD(device_detach, xentimer_detach),
539 	DEVMETHOD(device_suspend, xentimer_suspend),
540 	DEVMETHOD(device_resume, xentimer_resume),
541 	/* clock interface */
542 	DEVMETHOD(clock_gettime, xentimer_gettime),
543 	DEVMETHOD(clock_settime, xentimer_settime),
544 	DEVMETHOD_END
545 };
546 
547 static driver_t xentimer_driver = {
548 	"xen_et",
549 	xentimer_methods,
550 	sizeof(struct xentimer_softc),
551 };
552 
553 DRIVER_MODULE(xentimer, xenpv, xentimer_driver, 0, 0);
554 MODULE_DEPEND(xentimer, xenpv, 1, 1, 1);
555