xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/watchdog/watchdog.c (revision dd41de95a84d979615a2ef11df6850622bf6184e)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2004 Poul-Henning Kamp
5  * Copyright (c) 2013 iXsystems.com,
6  *               author: Alfred Perlstein <alfred@freebsd.org>
7  *
8  * All rights reserved.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
15  *    in this position and unchanged.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
22  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
23  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
24  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
25  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
26  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
27  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
28  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
29  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  */
32 
33 #include "opt_ddb.h"
34 
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37 
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/bus.h>
40 #include <sys/conf.h>
41 #include <sys/eventhandler.h>
42 #include <sys/kdb.h>
43 #include <sys/kernel.h>
44 #include <sys/malloc.h>
45 #include <sys/module.h>
46 #include <sys/mutex.h>
47 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
48 #include <sys/syslog.h>
49 #include <sys/systm.h>
50 #include <sys/uio.h>
51 #include <sys/watchdog.h>
52 #include <machine/bus.h>
53 
54 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h> /* kern_clock_gettime() */
55 
56 static int wd_set_pretimeout(int newtimeout, int disableiftoolong);
57 static void wd_timeout_cb(void *arg);
58 
59 static struct callout wd_pretimeo_handle;
60 static int wd_pretimeout;
61 static int wd_pretimeout_act = WD_SOFT_LOG;
62 
63 static struct callout wd_softtimeo_handle;
64 static int wd_softtimer;	/* true = use softtimer instead of hardware
65 				   watchdog */
66 static int wd_softtimeout_act = WD_SOFT_LOG;	/* action for the software timeout */
67 
68 static struct cdev *wd_dev;
69 static volatile u_int wd_last_u;    /* last timeout value set by kern_do_pat */
70 static u_int wd_last_u_sysctl;    /* last timeout value set by kern_do_pat */
71 static u_int wd_last_u_sysctl_secs;    /* wd_last_u in seconds */
72 
73 SYSCTL_NODE(_hw, OID_AUTO, watchdog, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0,
74     "Main watchdog device");
75 SYSCTL_UINT(_hw_watchdog, OID_AUTO, wd_last_u, CTLFLAG_RD,
76     &wd_last_u_sysctl, 0, "Watchdog last update time");
77 SYSCTL_UINT(_hw_watchdog, OID_AUTO, wd_last_u_secs, CTLFLAG_RD,
78     &wd_last_u_sysctl_secs, 0, "Watchdog last update time");
79 
80 static int wd_lastpat_valid = 0;
81 static time_t wd_lastpat = 0;	/* when the watchdog was last patted */
82 
83 /* Hook for external software watchdog to register for use if needed */
84 void (*wdog_software_attach)(void);
85 
86 static void
87 pow2ns_to_ts(int pow2ns, struct timespec *ts)
88 {
89 	uint64_t ns;
90 
91 	ns = 1ULL << pow2ns;
92 	ts->tv_sec = ns / 1000000000ULL;
93 	ts->tv_nsec = ns % 1000000000ULL;
94 }
95 
96 static int
97 pow2ns_to_ticks(int pow2ns)
98 {
99 	struct timeval tv;
100 	struct timespec ts;
101 
102 	pow2ns_to_ts(pow2ns, &ts);
103 	TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&tv, &ts);
104 	return (tvtohz(&tv));
105 }
106 
107 static int
108 seconds_to_pow2ns(int seconds)
109 {
110 	uint64_t power;
111 	uint64_t ns;
112 	uint64_t shifted;
113 
114 	ns = ((uint64_t)seconds) * 1000000000ULL;
115 	power = flsll(ns);
116 	shifted = 1ULL << power;
117 	if (shifted <= ns) {
118 		power++;
119 	}
120 	return (power);
121 }
122 
123 int
124 wdog_kern_pat(u_int utim)
125 {
126 	int error;
127 	static int first = 1;
128 
129 	if ((utim & WD_LASTVAL) != 0 && (utim & WD_INTERVAL) > 0)
130 		return (EINVAL);
131 
132 	if ((utim & WD_LASTVAL) != 0) {
133 		/*
134 		 * if WD_LASTVAL is set, fill in the bits for timeout
135 		 * from the saved value in wd_last_u.
136 		 */
137 		MPASS((wd_last_u & ~WD_INTERVAL) == 0);
138 		utim &= ~WD_LASTVAL;
139 		utim |= wd_last_u;
140 	} else {
141 		/*
142 		 * Otherwise save the new interval.
143 		 * This can be zero (to disable the watchdog)
144 		 */
145 		wd_last_u = (utim & WD_INTERVAL);
146 		wd_last_u_sysctl = wd_last_u;
147 		wd_last_u_sysctl_secs = pow2ns_to_ticks(wd_last_u) / hz;
148 	}
149 	if ((utim & WD_INTERVAL) == WD_TO_NEVER) {
150 		utim = 0;
151 
152 		/* Assume all is well; watchdog signals failure. */
153 		error = 0;
154 	} else {
155 		/* Assume no watchdog available; watchdog flags success */
156 		error = EOPNOTSUPP;
157 	}
158 	if (wd_softtimer) {
159 		if (utim == 0) {
160 			callout_stop(&wd_softtimeo_handle);
161 		} else {
162 			(void) callout_reset(&wd_softtimeo_handle,
163 			    pow2ns_to_ticks(utim), wd_timeout_cb, "soft");
164 		}
165 		error = 0;
166 	} else {
167 		EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(watchdog_list, utim, &error);
168 	}
169 	/*
170 	 * If we no hardware watchdog responded, we have not tried to
171 	 * attach an external software watchdog, and one is available,
172 	 * attach it now and retry.
173 	 */
174 	if (error == EOPNOTSUPP && first && *wdog_software_attach != NULL) {
175 		(*wdog_software_attach)();
176 		EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(watchdog_list, utim, &error);
177 	}
178 	first = 0;
179 
180 	wd_set_pretimeout(wd_pretimeout, true);
181 	/*
182 	 * If we were able to arm/strobe the watchdog, then
183 	 * update the last time it was strobed for WDIOC_GETTIMELEFT
184 	 */
185 	if (!error) {
186 		struct timespec ts;
187 
188 		error = kern_clock_gettime(curthread /* XXX */,
189 		    CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST, &ts);
190 		if (!error) {
191 			wd_lastpat = ts.tv_sec;
192 			wd_lastpat_valid = 1;
193 		}
194 	}
195 	return (error);
196 }
197 
198 static int
199 wd_valid_act(int act)
200 {
201 
202 	if ((act & ~(WD_SOFT_MASK)) != 0)
203 		return false;
204 	return true;
205 }
206 
207 static int
208 wd_ioctl_patpat(caddr_t data)
209 {
210 	u_int u;
211 
212 	u = *(u_int *)data;
213 	if (u & ~(WD_ACTIVE | WD_PASSIVE | WD_LASTVAL | WD_INTERVAL))
214 		return (EINVAL);
215 	if ((u & (WD_ACTIVE | WD_PASSIVE)) == (WD_ACTIVE | WD_PASSIVE))
216 		return (EINVAL);
217 	if ((u & (WD_ACTIVE | WD_PASSIVE)) == 0 && ((u & WD_INTERVAL) > 0 ||
218 	    (u & WD_LASTVAL) != 0))
219 		return (EINVAL);
220 	if (u & WD_PASSIVE)
221 		return (ENOSYS);	/* XXX Not implemented yet */
222 	u &= ~(WD_ACTIVE | WD_PASSIVE);
223 
224 	return (wdog_kern_pat(u));
225 }
226 
227 static int
228 wd_get_time_left(struct thread *td, time_t *remainp)
229 {
230 	struct timespec ts;
231 	int error;
232 
233 	error = kern_clock_gettime(td, CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST, &ts);
234 	if (error)
235 		return (error);
236 	if (!wd_lastpat_valid)
237 		return (ENOENT);
238 	*remainp = ts.tv_sec - wd_lastpat;
239 	return (0);
240 }
241 
242 static void
243 wd_timeout_cb(void *arg)
244 {
245 	const char *type = arg;
246 
247 #ifdef DDB
248 	if ((wd_pretimeout_act & WD_SOFT_DDB)) {
249 		char kdb_why[80];
250 		snprintf(kdb_why, sizeof(kdb_why), "watchdog %s-timeout", type);
251 		kdb_backtrace();
252 		kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_WATCHDOG, kdb_why);
253 	}
254 #endif
255 	if ((wd_pretimeout_act & WD_SOFT_LOG))
256 		log(LOG_EMERG, "watchdog %s-timeout, WD_SOFT_LOG\n", type);
257 	if ((wd_pretimeout_act & WD_SOFT_PRINTF))
258 		printf("watchdog %s-timeout, WD_SOFT_PRINTF\n", type);
259 	if ((wd_pretimeout_act & WD_SOFT_PANIC))
260 		panic("watchdog %s-timeout, WD_SOFT_PANIC set", type);
261 }
262 
263 /*
264  * Called to manage timeouts.
265  * newtimeout needs to be in the range of 0 to actual watchdog timeout.
266  * if 0, we disable the pre-timeout.
267  * otherwise we set the pre-timeout provided it's not greater than the
268  * current actual watchdog timeout.
269  */
270 static int
271 wd_set_pretimeout(int newtimeout, int disableiftoolong)
272 {
273 	u_int utime;
274 	struct timespec utime_ts;
275 	int timeout_ticks;
276 
277 	utime = wdog_kern_last_timeout();
278 	pow2ns_to_ts(utime, &utime_ts);
279 	/* do not permit a pre-timeout >= than the timeout. */
280 	if (newtimeout >= utime_ts.tv_sec) {
281 		/*
282 		 * If 'disableiftoolong' then just fall through
283 		 * so as to disable the pre-watchdog
284 		 */
285 		if (disableiftoolong)
286 			newtimeout = 0;
287 		else
288 			return EINVAL;
289 	}
290 
291 	/* disable the pre-timeout */
292 	if (newtimeout == 0) {
293 		wd_pretimeout = 0;
294 		callout_stop(&wd_pretimeo_handle);
295 		return 0;
296 	}
297 
298 	timeout_ticks = pow2ns_to_ticks(utime) - (hz*newtimeout);
299 #if 0
300 	printf("wd_set_pretimeout: "
301 	    "newtimeout: %d, "
302 	    "utime: %d -> utime_ticks: %d, "
303 	    "hz*newtimeout: %d, "
304 	    "timeout_ticks: %d -> sec: %d\n",
305 	    newtimeout,
306 	    utime, pow2ns_to_ticks(utime),
307 	    hz*newtimeout,
308 	    timeout_ticks, timeout_ticks / hz);
309 #endif
310 
311 	/* We determined the value is sane, so reset the callout */
312 	(void) callout_reset(&wd_pretimeo_handle,
313 	    timeout_ticks, wd_timeout_cb, "pre");
314 	wd_pretimeout = newtimeout;
315 	return 0;
316 }
317 
318 static int
319 wd_ioctl(struct cdev *dev __unused, u_long cmd, caddr_t data,
320     int flags __unused, struct thread *td)
321 {
322 	u_int u;
323 	time_t timeleft;
324 	int error;
325 
326 	error = 0;
327 
328 	switch (cmd) {
329 	case WDIOC_SETSOFT:
330 		u = *(int *)data;
331 		/* do nothing? */
332 		if (u == wd_softtimer)
333 			break;
334 		/* If there is a pending timeout disallow this ioctl */
335 		if (wd_last_u != 0) {
336 			error = EINVAL;
337 			break;
338 		}
339 		wd_softtimer = u;
340 		break;
341 	case WDIOC_SETSOFTTIMEOUTACT:
342 		u = *(int *)data;
343 		if (wd_valid_act(u)) {
344 			wd_softtimeout_act = u;
345 		} else {
346 			error = EINVAL;
347 		}
348 		break;
349 	case WDIOC_SETPRETIMEOUTACT:
350 		u = *(int *)data;
351 		if (wd_valid_act(u)) {
352 			wd_pretimeout_act = u;
353 		} else {
354 			error = EINVAL;
355 		}
356 		break;
357 	case WDIOC_GETPRETIMEOUT:
358 		*(int *)data = (int)wd_pretimeout;
359 		break;
360 	case WDIOC_SETPRETIMEOUT:
361 		error = wd_set_pretimeout(*(int *)data, false);
362 		break;
363 	case WDIOC_GETTIMELEFT:
364 		error = wd_get_time_left(td, &timeleft);
365 		if (error)
366 			break;
367 		*(int *)data = (int)timeleft;
368 		break;
369 	case WDIOC_SETTIMEOUT:
370 		u = *(u_int *)data;
371 		error = wdog_kern_pat(seconds_to_pow2ns(u));
372 		break;
373 	case WDIOC_GETTIMEOUT:
374 		u = wdog_kern_last_timeout();
375 		*(u_int *)data = u;
376 		break;
377 	case WDIOCPATPAT:
378 		error = wd_ioctl_patpat(data);
379 		break;
380 	default:
381 		error = ENOIOCTL;
382 		break;
383 	}
384 	return (error);
385 }
386 
387 /*
388  * Return the last timeout set, this is NOT the seconds from NOW until timeout,
389  * rather it is the amount of seconds passed to WDIOCPATPAT/WDIOC_SETTIMEOUT.
390  */
391 u_int
392 wdog_kern_last_timeout(void)
393 {
394 
395 	return (wd_last_u);
396 }
397 
398 static struct cdevsw wd_cdevsw = {
399 	.d_version =	D_VERSION,
400 	.d_ioctl =	wd_ioctl,
401 	.d_name =	"watchdog",
402 };
403 
404 static int
405 watchdog_modevent(module_t mod __unused, int type, void *data __unused)
406 {
407 	switch(type) {
408 	case MOD_LOAD:
409 		callout_init(&wd_pretimeo_handle, 1);
410 		callout_init(&wd_softtimeo_handle, 1);
411 		wd_dev = make_dev(&wd_cdevsw, 0,
412 		    UID_ROOT, GID_WHEEL, 0600, _PATH_WATCHDOG);
413 		return 0;
414 	case MOD_UNLOAD:
415 		callout_stop(&wd_pretimeo_handle);
416 		callout_stop(&wd_softtimeo_handle);
417 		callout_drain(&wd_pretimeo_handle);
418 		callout_drain(&wd_softtimeo_handle);
419 		destroy_dev(wd_dev);
420 		return 0;
421 	case MOD_SHUTDOWN:
422 		return 0;
423 	default:
424 		return EOPNOTSUPP;
425 	}
426 }
427 
428 DEV_MODULE(watchdog, watchdog_modevent, NULL);
429