xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/virtio/virtio_ring.h (revision 193d9e768ba63fcfb187cfd17f461f7d41345048)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright Rusty Russell IBM Corporation 2007.
3  *
4  * This header is BSD licensed so anyone can use the definitions to implement
5  * compatible drivers/servers.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of IBM nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
19  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
20  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
21  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL IBM OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
22  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28  * SUCH DAMAGE.
29  *
30  * $FreeBSD$
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef VIRTIO_RING_H
34 #define	VIRTIO_RING_H
35 
36 /* This marks a buffer as continuing via the next field. */
37 #define VRING_DESC_F_NEXT       1
38 /* This marks a buffer as write-only (otherwise read-only). */
39 #define VRING_DESC_F_WRITE      2
40 /* This means the buffer contains a list of buffer descriptors. */
41 #define VRING_DESC_F_INDIRECT	4
42 
43 /* The Host uses this in used->flags to advise the Guest: don't kick me
44  * when you add a buffer.  It's unreliable, so it's simply an
45  * optimization.  Guest will still kick if it's out of buffers. */
46 #define VRING_USED_F_NO_NOTIFY  1
47 /* The Guest uses this in avail->flags to advise the Host: don't
48  * interrupt me when you consume a buffer.  It's unreliable, so it's
49  * simply an optimization.  */
50 #define VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT      1
51 
52 /* VirtIO ring descriptors: 16 bytes.
53  * These can chain together via "next". */
54 struct vring_desc {
55         /* Address (guest-physical). */
56         uint64_t addr;
57         /* Length. */
58         uint32_t len;
59         /* The flags as indicated above. */
60         uint16_t flags;
61         /* We chain unused descriptors via this, too. */
62         uint16_t next;
63 };
64 
65 struct vring_avail {
66         uint16_t flags;
67         uint16_t idx;
68         uint16_t ring[0];
69 };
70 
71 /* uint32_t is used here for ids for padding reasons. */
72 struct vring_used_elem {
73         /* Index of start of used descriptor chain. */
74         uint32_t id;
75         /* Total length of the descriptor chain which was written to. */
76         uint32_t len;
77 };
78 
79 struct vring_used {
80         uint16_t flags;
81         uint16_t idx;
82         struct vring_used_elem ring[0];
83 };
84 
85 struct vring {
86 	unsigned int num;
87 
88 	struct vring_desc *desc;
89 	struct vring_avail *avail;
90 	struct vring_used *used;
91 };
92 
93 /* The standard layout for the ring is a continuous chunk of memory which
94  * looks like this.  We assume num is a power of 2.
95  *
96  * struct vring {
97  *      // The actual descriptors (16 bytes each)
98  *      struct vring_desc desc[num];
99  *
100  *      // A ring of available descriptor heads with free-running index.
101  *      __u16 avail_flags;
102  *      __u16 avail_idx;
103  *      __u16 available[num];
104  *      __u16 used_event_idx;
105  *
106  *      // Padding to the next align boundary.
107  *      char pad[];
108  *
109  *      // A ring of used descriptor heads with free-running index.
110  *      __u16 used_flags;
111  *      __u16 used_idx;
112  *      struct vring_used_elem used[num];
113  *      __u16 avail_event_idx;
114  * };
115  *
116  * NOTE: for VirtIO PCI, align is 4096.
117  */
118 
119 /*
120  * We publish the used event index at the end of the available ring, and vice
121  * versa. They are at the end for backwards compatibility.
122  */
123 #define vring_used_event(vr)	((vr)->avail->ring[(vr)->num])
124 #define vring_avail_event(vr)	(*(uint16_t *)&(vr)->used->ring[(vr)->num])
125 
126 static inline int
127 vring_size(unsigned int num, unsigned long align)
128 {
129 	int size;
130 
131 	size = num * sizeof(struct vring_desc);
132 	size += sizeof(struct vring_avail) + (num * sizeof(uint16_t)) +
133 	    sizeof(uint16_t);
134 	size = (size + align - 1) & ~(align - 1);
135 	size += sizeof(struct vring_used) +
136 	    (num * sizeof(struct vring_used_elem)) + sizeof(uint16_t);
137 	return (size);
138 }
139 
140 static inline void
141 vring_init(struct vring *vr, unsigned int num, uint8_t *p,
142     unsigned long align)
143 {
144         vr->num = num;
145         vr->desc = (struct vring_desc *) p;
146         vr->avail = (struct vring_avail *) (p +
147 	    num * sizeof(struct vring_desc));
148         vr->used = (void *)
149 	    (((unsigned long) &vr->avail->ring[num] + align-1) & ~(align-1));
150 }
151 
152 /*
153  * The following is used with VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX.
154  *
155  * Assuming a given event_idx value from the other size, if we have
156  * just incremented index from old to new_idx, should we trigger an
157  * event?
158  */
159 static inline int
160 vring_need_event(uint16_t event_idx, uint16_t new_idx, uint16_t old)
161 {
162 
163 	return (uint16_t)(new_idx - event_idx - 1) < (uint16_t)(new_idx - old);
164 }
165 #endif /* VIRTIO_RING_H */
166