xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/virtio/virtio_ring.h (revision 0b57cec536236d46e3dba9bd041533462f33dbb7)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright Rusty Russell IBM Corporation 2007.
5  *
6  * This header is BSD licensed so anyone can use the definitions to implement
7  * compatible drivers/servers.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. Neither the name of IBM nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
21  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
22  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
23  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL IBM OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  * $FreeBSD$
33  */
34 
35 #ifndef VIRTIO_RING_H
36 #define	VIRTIO_RING_H
37 
38 /* This marks a buffer as continuing via the next field. */
39 #define VRING_DESC_F_NEXT       1
40 /* This marks a buffer as write-only (otherwise read-only). */
41 #define VRING_DESC_F_WRITE      2
42 /* This means the buffer contains a list of buffer descriptors. */
43 #define VRING_DESC_F_INDIRECT	4
44 
45 /* The Host uses this in used->flags to advise the Guest: don't kick me
46  * when you add a buffer.  It's unreliable, so it's simply an
47  * optimization.  Guest will still kick if it's out of buffers. */
48 #define VRING_USED_F_NO_NOTIFY  1
49 /* The Guest uses this in avail->flags to advise the Host: don't
50  * interrupt me when you consume a buffer.  It's unreliable, so it's
51  * simply an optimization.  */
52 #define VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT      1
53 
54 /* VirtIO ring descriptors: 16 bytes.
55  * These can chain together via "next". */
56 struct vring_desc {
57         /* Address (guest-physical). */
58         uint64_t addr;
59         /* Length. */
60         uint32_t len;
61         /* The flags as indicated above. */
62         uint16_t flags;
63         /* We chain unused descriptors via this, too. */
64         uint16_t next;
65 };
66 
67 struct vring_avail {
68         uint16_t flags;
69         uint16_t idx;
70         uint16_t ring[0];
71 };
72 
73 /* uint32_t is used here for ids for padding reasons. */
74 struct vring_used_elem {
75         /* Index of start of used descriptor chain. */
76         uint32_t id;
77         /* Total length of the descriptor chain which was written to. */
78         uint32_t len;
79 };
80 
81 struct vring_used {
82         uint16_t flags;
83         uint16_t idx;
84         struct vring_used_elem ring[0];
85 };
86 
87 struct vring {
88 	unsigned int num;
89 
90 	struct vring_desc *desc;
91 	struct vring_avail *avail;
92 	struct vring_used *used;
93 };
94 
95 /* Alignment requirements for vring elements.
96  * When using pre-virtio 1.0 layout, these fall out naturally.
97  */
98 #define VRING_AVAIL_ALIGN_SIZE 2
99 #define VRING_USED_ALIGN_SIZE 4
100 #define VRING_DESC_ALIGN_SIZE 16
101 
102 /* The standard layout for the ring is a continuous chunk of memory which
103  * looks like this.  We assume num is a power of 2.
104  *
105  * struct vring {
106  *      // The actual descriptors (16 bytes each)
107  *      struct vring_desc desc[num];
108  *
109  *      // A ring of available descriptor heads with free-running index.
110  *      __u16 avail_flags;
111  *      __u16 avail_idx;
112  *      __u16 available[num];
113  *      __u16 used_event_idx;
114  *
115  *      // Padding to the next align boundary.
116  *      char pad[];
117  *
118  *      // A ring of used descriptor heads with free-running index.
119  *      __u16 used_flags;
120  *      __u16 used_idx;
121  *      struct vring_used_elem used[num];
122  *      __u16 avail_event_idx;
123  * };
124  *
125  * NOTE: for VirtIO PCI, align is 4096.
126  */
127 
128 /*
129  * We publish the used event index at the end of the available ring, and vice
130  * versa. They are at the end for backwards compatibility.
131  */
132 #define vring_used_event(vr)	((vr)->avail->ring[(vr)->num])
133 #define vring_avail_event(vr)	(*(uint16_t *)&(vr)->used->ring[(vr)->num])
134 
135 static inline int
136 vring_size(unsigned int num, unsigned long align)
137 {
138 	int size;
139 
140 	size = num * sizeof(struct vring_desc);
141 	size += sizeof(struct vring_avail) + (num * sizeof(uint16_t)) +
142 	    sizeof(uint16_t);
143 	size = (size + align - 1) & ~(align - 1);
144 	size += sizeof(struct vring_used) +
145 	    (num * sizeof(struct vring_used_elem)) + sizeof(uint16_t);
146 	return (size);
147 }
148 
149 static inline void
150 vring_init(struct vring *vr, unsigned int num, uint8_t *p,
151     unsigned long align)
152 {
153         vr->num = num;
154         vr->desc = (struct vring_desc *) p;
155         vr->avail = (struct vring_avail *) (p +
156 	    num * sizeof(struct vring_desc));
157         vr->used = (void *)
158 	    (((unsigned long) &vr->avail->ring[num] + align-1) & ~(align-1));
159 }
160 
161 /*
162  * The following is used with VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX.
163  *
164  * Assuming a given event_idx value from the other size, if we have
165  * just incremented index from old to new_idx, should we trigger an
166  * event?
167  */
168 static inline int
169 vring_need_event(uint16_t event_idx, uint16_t new_idx, uint16_t old)
170 {
171 
172 	return (uint16_t)(new_idx - event_idx - 1) < (uint16_t)(new_idx - old);
173 }
174 #endif /* VIRTIO_RING_H */
175