xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/speaker/spkr.c (revision 87569f75a91f298c52a71823c04d41cf53c88889)
1 /*-
2  * spkr.c -- device driver for console speaker
3  *
4  * v1.4 by Eric S. Raymond (esr@snark.thyrsus.com) Aug 1993
5  * modified for FreeBSD by Andrew A. Chernov <ache@astral.msk.su>
6  * modified for PC98 by Kakefuda
7  */
8 
9 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
10 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
11 
12 #include <sys/param.h>
13 #include <sys/systm.h>
14 #include <sys/bus.h>
15 #include <sys/kernel.h>
16 #include <sys/module.h>
17 #include <sys/uio.h>
18 #include <sys/conf.h>
19 #include <sys/ctype.h>
20 #include <sys/malloc.h>
21 #include <isa/isavar.h>
22 #include <machine/clock.h>
23 #include <machine/ppireg.h>
24 #include <machine/timerreg.h>
25 #include <dev/speaker/speaker.h>
26 
27 static	d_open_t	spkropen;
28 static	d_close_t	spkrclose;
29 static	d_write_t	spkrwrite;
30 static	d_ioctl_t	spkrioctl;
31 
32 static struct cdevsw spkr_cdevsw = {
33 	.d_version =	D_VERSION,
34 	.d_flags =	D_NEEDGIANT,
35 	.d_open =	spkropen,
36 	.d_close =	spkrclose,
37 	.d_write =	spkrwrite,
38 	.d_ioctl =	spkrioctl,
39 	.d_name =	"spkr",
40 };
41 
42 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_SPKR, "spkr", "Speaker buffer");
43 
44 /**************** MACHINE DEPENDENT PART STARTS HERE *************************
45  *
46  * This section defines a function tone() which causes a tone of given
47  * frequency and duration from the ISA console speaker.
48  * Another function endtone() is defined to force sound off, and there is
49  * also a rest() entry point to do pauses.
50  *
51  * Audible sound is generated using the Programmable Interval Timer (PIT) and
52  * Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI) attached to the ISA speaker. The
53  * PPI controls whether sound is passed through at all; the PIT's channel 2 is
54  * used to generate clicks (a square wave) of whatever frequency is desired.
55  */
56 
57 #ifdef PC98
58 #define	SPKR_DESC	"PC98 speaker"
59 #else
60 #define	SPKR_DESC	"PC speaker"
61 #endif
62 
63 #define SPKRPRI PSOCK
64 static char endtone, endrest;
65 
66 static void tone(unsigned int thz, unsigned int ticks);
67 static void rest(int ticks);
68 static void playinit(void);
69 static void playtone(int pitch, int value, int sustain);
70 static void playstring(char *cp, size_t slen);
71 
72 /* emit tone of frequency thz for given number of ticks */
73 static void
74 tone(thz, ticks)
75 	unsigned int thz, ticks;
76 {
77     unsigned int divisor;
78     int sps;
79 
80     if (thz <= 0)
81 	return;
82 
83     divisor = timer_freq / thz;
84 
85 #ifdef DEBUG
86     (void) printf("tone: thz=%d ticks=%d\n", thz, ticks);
87 #endif /* DEBUG */
88 
89     /* set timer to generate clicks at given frequency in Hertz */
90     sps = splclock();
91 
92     if (timer_spkr_acquire()) {
93 	/* enter list of waiting procs ??? */
94 	splx(sps);
95 	return;
96     }
97     splx(sps);
98     disable_intr();
99     spkr_set_pitch(divisor);
100     enable_intr();
101 
102     /* turn the speaker on */
103     ppi_spkr_on();
104 
105     /*
106      * Set timeout to endtone function, then give up the timeslice.
107      * This is so other processes can execute while the tone is being
108      * emitted.
109      */
110     if (ticks > 0)
111 	tsleep(&endtone, SPKRPRI | PCATCH, "spkrtn", ticks);
112     ppi_spkr_off();
113     sps = splclock();
114     timer_spkr_release();
115     splx(sps);
116 }
117 
118 /* rest for given number of ticks */
119 static void
120 rest(ticks)
121 	int	ticks;
122 {
123     /*
124      * Set timeout to endrest function, then give up the timeslice.
125      * This is so other processes can execute while the rest is being
126      * waited out.
127      */
128 #ifdef DEBUG
129     (void) printf("rest: %d\n", ticks);
130 #endif /* DEBUG */
131     if (ticks > 0)
132 	tsleep(&endrest, SPKRPRI | PCATCH, "spkrrs", ticks);
133 }
134 
135 /**************** PLAY STRING INTERPRETER BEGINS HERE **********************
136  *
137  * Play string interpretation is modelled on IBM BASIC 2.0's PLAY statement;
138  * M[LNS] are missing; the ~ synonym and the _ slur mark and the octave-
139  * tracking facility are added.
140  * Requires tone(), rest(), and endtone(). String play is not interruptible
141  * except possibly at physical block boundaries.
142  */
143 
144 typedef int	bool;
145 #define TRUE	1
146 #define FALSE	0
147 
148 #define dtoi(c)		((c) - '0')
149 
150 static int octave;	/* currently selected octave */
151 static int whole;	/* whole-note time at current tempo, in ticks */
152 static int value;	/* whole divisor for note time, quarter note = 1 */
153 static int fill;	/* controls spacing of notes */
154 static bool octtrack;	/* octave-tracking on? */
155 static bool octprefix;	/* override current octave-tracking state? */
156 
157 /*
158  * Magic number avoidance...
159  */
160 #define SECS_PER_MIN	60	/* seconds per minute */
161 #define WHOLE_NOTE	4	/* quarter notes per whole note */
162 #define MIN_VALUE	64	/* the most we can divide a note by */
163 #define DFLT_VALUE	4	/* default value (quarter-note) */
164 #define FILLTIME	8	/* for articulation, break note in parts */
165 #define STACCATO	6	/* 6/8 = 3/4 of note is filled */
166 #define NORMAL		7	/* 7/8ths of note interval is filled */
167 #define LEGATO		8	/* all of note interval is filled */
168 #define DFLT_OCTAVE	4	/* default octave */
169 #define MIN_TEMPO	32	/* minimum tempo */
170 #define DFLT_TEMPO	120	/* default tempo */
171 #define MAX_TEMPO	255	/* max tempo */
172 #define NUM_MULT	3	/* numerator of dot multiplier */
173 #define DENOM_MULT	2	/* denominator of dot multiplier */
174 
175 /* letter to half-tone:  A   B  C  D  E  F  G */
176 static int notetab[8] = {9, 11, 0, 2, 4, 5, 7};
177 
178 /*
179  * This is the American Standard A440 Equal-Tempered scale with frequencies
180  * rounded to nearest integer. Thank Goddess for the good ol' CRC Handbook...
181  * our octave 0 is standard octave 2.
182  */
183 #define OCTAVE_NOTES	12	/* semitones per octave */
184 static int pitchtab[] =
185 {
186 /*        C     C#    D     D#    E     F     F#    G     G#    A     A#    B*/
187 /* 0 */   65,   69,   73,   78,   82,   87,   93,   98,  103,  110,  117,  123,
188 /* 1 */  131,  139,  147,  156,  165,  175,  185,  196,  208,  220,  233,  247,
189 /* 2 */  262,  277,  294,  311,  330,  349,  370,  392,  415,  440,  466,  494,
190 /* 3 */  523,  554,  587,  622,  659,  698,  740,  784,  831,  880,  932,  988,
191 /* 4 */ 1047, 1109, 1175, 1245, 1319, 1397, 1480, 1568, 1661, 1760, 1865, 1975,
192 /* 5 */ 2093, 2217, 2349, 2489, 2637, 2794, 2960, 3136, 3322, 3520, 3729, 3951,
193 /* 6 */ 4186, 4435, 4698, 4978, 5274, 5588, 5920, 6272, 6644, 7040, 7459, 7902,
194 };
195 
196 static void
197 playinit()
198 {
199     octave = DFLT_OCTAVE;
200     whole = (hz * SECS_PER_MIN * WHOLE_NOTE) / DFLT_TEMPO;
201     fill = NORMAL;
202     value = DFLT_VALUE;
203     octtrack = FALSE;
204     octprefix = TRUE;	/* act as though there was an initial O(n) */
205 }
206 
207 /* play tone of proper duration for current rhythm signature */
208 static void
209 playtone(pitch, value, sustain)
210 	int	pitch, value, sustain;
211 {
212     register int	sound, silence, snum = 1, sdenom = 1;
213 
214     /* this weirdness avoids floating-point arithmetic */
215     for (; sustain; sustain--)
216     {
217 	/* See the BUGS section in the man page for discussion */
218 	snum *= NUM_MULT;
219 	sdenom *= DENOM_MULT;
220     }
221 
222     if (value == 0 || sdenom == 0)
223 	return;
224 
225     if (pitch == -1)
226 	rest(whole * snum / (value * sdenom));
227     else
228     {
229 	sound = (whole * snum) / (value * sdenom)
230 		- (whole * (FILLTIME - fill)) / (value * FILLTIME);
231 	silence = whole * (FILLTIME-fill) * snum / (FILLTIME * value * sdenom);
232 
233 #ifdef DEBUG
234 	(void) printf("playtone: pitch %d for %d ticks, rest for %d ticks\n",
235 			pitch, sound, silence);
236 #endif /* DEBUG */
237 
238 	tone(pitchtab[pitch], sound);
239 	if (fill != LEGATO)
240 	    rest(silence);
241     }
242 }
243 
244 /* interpret and play an item from a notation string */
245 static void
246 playstring(cp, slen)
247 	char	*cp;
248 	size_t	slen;
249 {
250     int		pitch, oldfill, lastpitch = OCTAVE_NOTES * DFLT_OCTAVE;
251 
252 #define GETNUM(cp, v)	for(v=0; isdigit(cp[1]) && slen > 0; ) \
253 				{v = v * 10 + (*++cp - '0'); slen--;}
254     for (; slen--; cp++)
255     {
256 	int		sustain, timeval, tempo;
257 	register char	c = toupper(*cp);
258 
259 #ifdef DEBUG
260 	(void) printf("playstring: %c (%x)\n", c, c);
261 #endif /* DEBUG */
262 
263 	switch (c)
264 	{
265 	case 'A':  case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F': case 'G':
266 
267 	    /* compute pitch */
268 	    pitch = notetab[c - 'A'] + octave * OCTAVE_NOTES;
269 
270 	    /* this may be followed by an accidental sign */
271 	    if (cp[1] == '#' || cp[1] == '+')
272 	    {
273 		++pitch;
274 		++cp;
275 		slen--;
276 	    }
277 	    else if (cp[1] == '-')
278 	    {
279 		--pitch;
280 		++cp;
281 		slen--;
282 	    }
283 
284 	    /*
285 	     * If octave-tracking mode is on, and there has been no octave-
286 	     * setting prefix, find the version of the current letter note
287 	     * closest to the last regardless of octave.
288 	     */
289 	    if (octtrack && !octprefix)
290 	    {
291 		if (abs(pitch-lastpitch) > abs(pitch+OCTAVE_NOTES-lastpitch))
292 		{
293 		    ++octave;
294 		    pitch += OCTAVE_NOTES;
295 		}
296 
297 		if (abs(pitch-lastpitch) > abs((pitch-OCTAVE_NOTES)-lastpitch))
298 		{
299 		    --octave;
300 		    pitch -= OCTAVE_NOTES;
301 		}
302 	    }
303 	    octprefix = FALSE;
304 	    lastpitch = pitch;
305 
306 	    /* ...which may in turn be followed by an override time value */
307 	    GETNUM(cp, timeval);
308 	    if (timeval <= 0 || timeval > MIN_VALUE)
309 		timeval = value;
310 
311 	    /* ...and/or sustain dots */
312 	    for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
313 	    {
314 		slen--;
315 		sustain++;
316 	    }
317 
318 	    /* ...and/or a slur mark */
319 	    oldfill = fill;
320 	    if (cp[1] == '_')
321 	    {
322 		fill = LEGATO;
323 		++cp;
324 		slen--;
325 	    }
326 
327 	    /* time to emit the actual tone */
328 	    playtone(pitch, timeval, sustain);
329 
330 	    fill = oldfill;
331 	    break;
332 
333 	case 'O':
334 	    if (cp[1] == 'N' || cp[1] == 'n')
335 	    {
336 		octprefix = octtrack = FALSE;
337 		++cp;
338 		slen--;
339 	    }
340 	    else if (cp[1] == 'L' || cp[1] == 'l')
341 	    {
342 		octtrack = TRUE;
343 		++cp;
344 		slen--;
345 	    }
346 	    else
347 	    {
348 		GETNUM(cp, octave);
349 		if (octave >= sizeof(pitchtab) / sizeof(pitchtab[0]) / OCTAVE_NOTES)
350 		    octave = DFLT_OCTAVE;
351 		octprefix = TRUE;
352 	    }
353 	    break;
354 
355 	case '>':
356 	    if (octave < sizeof(pitchtab) / sizeof(pitchtab[0]) / OCTAVE_NOTES - 1)
357 		octave++;
358 	    octprefix = TRUE;
359 	    break;
360 
361 	case '<':
362 	    if (octave > 0)
363 		octave--;
364 	    octprefix = TRUE;
365 	    break;
366 
367 	case 'N':
368 	    GETNUM(cp, pitch);
369 	    for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
370 	    {
371 		slen--;
372 		sustain++;
373 	    }
374 	    oldfill = fill;
375 	    if (cp[1] == '_')
376 	    {
377 		fill = LEGATO;
378 		++cp;
379 		slen--;
380 	    }
381 	    playtone(pitch - 1, value, sustain);
382 	    fill = oldfill;
383 	    break;
384 
385 	case 'L':
386 	    GETNUM(cp, value);
387 	    if (value <= 0 || value > MIN_VALUE)
388 		value = DFLT_VALUE;
389 	    break;
390 
391 	case 'P':
392 	case '~':
393 	    /* this may be followed by an override time value */
394 	    GETNUM(cp, timeval);
395 	    if (timeval <= 0 || timeval > MIN_VALUE)
396 		timeval = value;
397 	    for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
398 	    {
399 		slen--;
400 		sustain++;
401 	    }
402 	    playtone(-1, timeval, sustain);
403 	    break;
404 
405 	case 'T':
406 	    GETNUM(cp, tempo);
407 	    if (tempo < MIN_TEMPO || tempo > MAX_TEMPO)
408 		tempo = DFLT_TEMPO;
409 	    whole = (hz * SECS_PER_MIN * WHOLE_NOTE) / tempo;
410 	    break;
411 
412 	case 'M':
413 	    if (cp[1] == 'N' || cp[1] == 'n')
414 	    {
415 		fill = NORMAL;
416 		++cp;
417 		slen--;
418 	    }
419 	    else if (cp[1] == 'L' || cp[1] == 'l')
420 	    {
421 		fill = LEGATO;
422 		++cp;
423 		slen--;
424 	    }
425 	    else if (cp[1] == 'S' || cp[1] == 's')
426 	    {
427 		fill = STACCATO;
428 		++cp;
429 		slen--;
430 	    }
431 	    break;
432 	}
433     }
434 }
435 
436 /******************* UNIX DRIVER HOOKS BEGIN HERE **************************
437  *
438  * This section implements driver hooks to run playstring() and the tone(),
439  * endtone(), and rest() functions defined above.
440  */
441 
442 static int spkr_active = FALSE; /* exclusion flag */
443 static char *spkr_inbuf;  /* incoming buf */
444 
445 static int
446 spkropen(dev, flags, fmt, td)
447 	struct cdev *dev;
448 	int		flags;
449 	int		fmt;
450 	struct thread	*td;
451 {
452 #ifdef DEBUG
453     (void) printf("spkropen: entering with dev = %s\n", devtoname(dev));
454 #endif /* DEBUG */
455 
456     if (minor(dev) != 0)
457 	return(ENXIO);
458     else if (spkr_active)
459 	return(EBUSY);
460     else
461     {
462 #ifdef DEBUG
463 	(void) printf("spkropen: about to perform play initialization\n");
464 #endif /* DEBUG */
465 	playinit();
466 	spkr_inbuf = malloc(DEV_BSIZE, M_SPKR, M_WAITOK);
467 	spkr_active = TRUE;
468 	return(0);
469     }
470 }
471 
472 static int
473 spkrwrite(dev, uio, ioflag)
474 	struct cdev *dev;
475 	struct uio	*uio;
476 	int		ioflag;
477 {
478 #ifdef DEBUG
479     printf("spkrwrite: entering with dev = %s, count = %d\n",
480 		devtoname(dev), uio->uio_resid);
481 #endif /* DEBUG */
482 
483     if (minor(dev) != 0)
484 	return(ENXIO);
485     else if (uio->uio_resid > (DEV_BSIZE - 1))     /* prevent system crashes */
486 	return(E2BIG);
487     else
488     {
489 	unsigned n;
490 	char *cp;
491 	int error;
492 
493 	n = uio->uio_resid;
494 	cp = spkr_inbuf;
495 	error = uiomove(cp, n, uio);
496 	if (!error) {
497 		cp[n] = '\0';
498 		playstring(cp, n);
499 	}
500 	return(error);
501     }
502 }
503 
504 static int
505 spkrclose(dev, flags, fmt, td)
506 	struct cdev *dev;
507 	int		flags;
508 	int		fmt;
509 	struct thread	*td;
510 {
511 #ifdef DEBUG
512     (void) printf("spkrclose: entering with dev = %s\n", devtoname(dev));
513 #endif /* DEBUG */
514 
515     if (minor(dev) != 0)
516 	return(ENXIO);
517     else
518     {
519 	wakeup(&endtone);
520 	wakeup(&endrest);
521 	free(spkr_inbuf, M_SPKR);
522 	spkr_active = FALSE;
523 	return(0);
524     }
525 }
526 
527 static int
528 spkrioctl(dev, cmd, cmdarg, flags, td)
529 	struct cdev *dev;
530 	unsigned long	cmd;
531 	caddr_t		cmdarg;
532 	int		flags;
533 	struct thread	*td;
534 {
535 #ifdef DEBUG
536     (void) printf("spkrioctl: entering with dev = %s, cmd = %lx\n",
537     	devtoname(dev), cmd);
538 #endif /* DEBUG */
539 
540     if (minor(dev) != 0)
541 	return(ENXIO);
542     else if (cmd == SPKRTONE)
543     {
544 	tone_t	*tp = (tone_t *)cmdarg;
545 
546 	if (tp->frequency == 0)
547 	    rest(tp->duration);
548 	else
549 	    tone(tp->frequency, tp->duration);
550 	return 0;
551     }
552     else if (cmd == SPKRTUNE)
553     {
554 	tone_t  *tp = (tone_t *)(*(caddr_t *)cmdarg);
555 	tone_t ttp;
556 	int error;
557 
558 	for (; ; tp++) {
559 	    error = copyin(tp, &ttp, sizeof(tone_t));
560 	    if (error)
561 		    return(error);
562 	    if (ttp.duration == 0)
563 		    break;
564 	    if (ttp.frequency == 0)
565 		 rest(ttp.duration);
566 	    else
567 		 tone(ttp.frequency, ttp.duration);
568 	}
569 	return(0);
570     }
571     return(EINVAL);
572 }
573 
574 /*
575  * Install placeholder to claim the resources owned by the
576  * AT tone generator.
577  */
578 static struct isa_pnp_id speaker_ids[] = {
579 #ifndef PC98
580 	{ 0x0008d041 /* PNP0800 */, SPKR_DESC },
581 #endif
582 	{ 0 }
583 };
584 
585 static struct cdev *speaker_dev;
586 
587 static int
588 speaker_probe(device_t dev)
589 {
590 	int	error;
591 
592 	error = ISA_PNP_PROBE(device_get_parent(dev), dev, speaker_ids);
593 
594 	/* PnP match */
595 	if (error == 0)
596 		return (0);
597 
598 	/* No match */
599 	if (error == ENXIO)
600 		return (ENXIO);
601 
602 	/* Not configured by hints. */
603 	if (strncmp(device_get_name(dev), "speaker", 9))
604 		return (ENXIO);
605 
606 	device_set_desc(dev, SPKR_DESC);
607 
608 	return (0);
609 }
610 
611 static int
612 speaker_attach(device_t dev)
613 {
614 
615 	if (speaker_dev) {
616 		device_printf(dev, "Already attached!\n");
617 		return (ENXIO);
618 	}
619 
620 	speaker_dev = make_dev(&spkr_cdevsw, 0, UID_ROOT, GID_WHEEL, 0600,
621 	    "speaker");
622 	return (0);
623 }
624 
625 static int
626 speaker_detach(device_t dev)
627 {
628 	destroy_dev(speaker_dev);
629 	return (0);
630 }
631 
632 static device_method_t speaker_methods[] = {
633 	/* Device interface */
634 	DEVMETHOD(device_probe,		speaker_probe),
635 	DEVMETHOD(device_attach,	speaker_attach),
636 	DEVMETHOD(device_detach,	speaker_detach),
637 	DEVMETHOD(device_shutdown,	bus_generic_shutdown),
638 	DEVMETHOD(device_suspend,	bus_generic_suspend),
639 	DEVMETHOD(device_resume,	bus_generic_resume),
640 	{ 0, 0 }
641 };
642 
643 static driver_t speaker_driver = {
644 	"speaker",
645 	speaker_methods,
646 	1,		/* no softc */
647 };
648 
649 static devclass_t speaker_devclass;
650 
651 DRIVER_MODULE(speaker, isa, speaker_driver, speaker_devclass, 0, 0);
652 #ifndef PC98
653 DRIVER_MODULE(speaker, acpi, speaker_driver, speaker_devclass, 0, 0);
654 #endif
655 
656 /* spkr.c ends here */
657