xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/speaker/spkr.c (revision 2546665afcaf0d53dc2c7058fee96354b3680f5a)
1 /*
2  * spkr.c -- device driver for console speaker
3  *
4  * v1.4 by Eric S. Raymond (esr@snark.thyrsus.com) Aug 1993
5  * modified for FreeBSD by Andrew A. Chernov <ache@astral.msk.su>
6  * modified for PC98 by Kakefuda
7  */
8 
9 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
10 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
11 
12 #include <sys/param.h>
13 #include <sys/systm.h>
14 #include <sys/bus.h>
15 #include <sys/kernel.h>
16 #include <sys/module.h>
17 #include <sys/uio.h>
18 #include <sys/conf.h>
19 #include <sys/ctype.h>
20 #include <sys/malloc.h>
21 #include <isa/isavar.h>
22 #ifdef PC98
23 #include <pc98/pc98/pc98.h>
24 #else
25 #include <i386/isa/isa.h>
26 #endif
27 #include <i386/isa/timerreg.h>
28 #include <machine/clock.h>
29 #include <machine/speaker.h>
30 
31 static	d_open_t	spkropen;
32 static	d_close_t	spkrclose;
33 static	d_write_t	spkrwrite;
34 static	d_ioctl_t	spkrioctl;
35 
36 static struct cdevsw spkr_cdevsw = {
37 	.d_version =	D_VERSION,
38 	.d_flags =	D_NEEDGIANT,
39 	.d_open =	spkropen,
40 	.d_close =	spkrclose,
41 	.d_write =	spkrwrite,
42 	.d_ioctl =	spkrioctl,
43 	.d_name =	"spkr",
44 };
45 
46 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_SPKR, "spkr", "Speaker buffer");
47 
48 /**************** MACHINE DEPENDENT PART STARTS HERE *************************
49  *
50  * This section defines a function tone() which causes a tone of given
51  * frequency and duration from the ISA console speaker.
52  * Another function endtone() is defined to force sound off, and there is
53  * also a rest() entry point to do pauses.
54  *
55  * Audible sound is generated using the Programmable Interval Timer (PIT) and
56  * Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI) attached to the ISA speaker. The
57  * PPI controls whether sound is passed through at all; the PIT's channel 2 is
58  * used to generate clicks (a square wave) of whatever frequency is desired.
59  */
60 
61 /*
62  * XXX PPI control values should be in a header and used in clock.c.
63  */
64 #ifdef PC98
65 #define	SPKR_DESC	"PC98 speaker"
66 #define	PPI_SPKR	0x08	/* turn these PPI bits on to pass sound */
67 #define	PIT_COUNT	0x3fdb	/* PIT count address */
68 
69 #define	SPEAKER_ON	outb(IO_PPI, inb(IO_PPI) & ~PPI_SPKR)
70 #define	SPEAKER_OFF	outb(IO_PPI, inb(IO_PPI) | PPI_SPKR)
71 #define	TIMER_ACQUIRE	acquire_timer1(TIMER_SEL1 | TIMER_SQWAVE | TIMER_16BIT)
72 #define	TIMER_RELEASE	release_timer1()
73 #define	SPEAKER_WRITE(val)	{ \
74 					outb(PIT_COUNT, (val & 0xff)); \
75 					outb(PIT_COUNT, (val >> 8)); \
76 				}
77 #else
78 #define	SPKR_DESC	"PC speaker"
79 #define PPI_SPKR	0x03	/* turn these PPI bits on to pass sound */
80 
81 #define	SPEAKER_ON	outb(IO_PPI, inb(IO_PPI) | PPI_SPKR)
82 #define	SPEAKER_OFF	outb(IO_PPI, inb(IO_PPI) & ~PPI_SPKR)
83 #define	TIMER_ACQUIRE	acquire_timer2(TIMER_SEL2 | TIMER_SQWAVE | TIMER_16BIT)
84 #define	TIMER_RELEASE	release_timer2()
85 #define	SPEAKER_WRITE(val)	{ \
86 					outb(TIMER_CNTR2, (val & 0xff)); \
87     					outb(TIMER_CNTR2, (val >> 8)); \
88 				}
89 #endif
90 
91 #define SPKRPRI PSOCK
92 static char endtone, endrest;
93 
94 static void tone(unsigned int thz, unsigned int ticks);
95 static void rest(int ticks);
96 static void playinit(void);
97 static void playtone(int pitch, int value, int sustain);
98 static void playstring(char *cp, size_t slen);
99 
100 /* emit tone of frequency thz for given number of ticks */
101 static void
102 tone(thz, ticks)
103 	unsigned int thz, ticks;
104 {
105     unsigned int divisor;
106     int sps;
107 
108     if (thz <= 0)
109 	return;
110 
111     divisor = timer_freq / thz;
112 
113 #ifdef DEBUG
114     (void) printf("tone: thz=%d ticks=%d\n", thz, ticks);
115 #endif /* DEBUG */
116 
117     /* set timer to generate clicks at given frequency in Hertz */
118     sps = splclock();
119 
120     if (TIMER_ACQUIRE) {
121 	/* enter list of waiting procs ??? */
122 	splx(sps);
123 	return;
124     }
125     splx(sps);
126     disable_intr();
127     SPEAKER_WRITE(divisor);
128     enable_intr();
129 
130     /* turn the speaker on */
131     SPEAKER_ON;
132 
133     /*
134      * Set timeout to endtone function, then give up the timeslice.
135      * This is so other processes can execute while the tone is being
136      * emitted.
137      */
138     if (ticks > 0)
139 	tsleep(&endtone, SPKRPRI | PCATCH, "spkrtn", ticks);
140     SPEAKER_OFF;
141     sps = splclock();
142     TIMER_RELEASE;
143     splx(sps);
144 }
145 
146 /* rest for given number of ticks */
147 static void
148 rest(ticks)
149 	int	ticks;
150 {
151     /*
152      * Set timeout to endrest function, then give up the timeslice.
153      * This is so other processes can execute while the rest is being
154      * waited out.
155      */
156 #ifdef DEBUG
157     (void) printf("rest: %d\n", ticks);
158 #endif /* DEBUG */
159     if (ticks > 0)
160 	tsleep(&endrest, SPKRPRI | PCATCH, "spkrrs", ticks);
161 }
162 
163 /**************** PLAY STRING INTERPRETER BEGINS HERE **********************
164  *
165  * Play string interpretation is modelled on IBM BASIC 2.0's PLAY statement;
166  * M[LNS] are missing; the ~ synonym and the _ slur mark and the octave-
167  * tracking facility are added.
168  * Requires tone(), rest(), and endtone(). String play is not interruptible
169  * except possibly at physical block boundaries.
170  */
171 
172 typedef int	bool;
173 #define TRUE	1
174 #define FALSE	0
175 
176 #define dtoi(c)		((c) - '0')
177 
178 static int octave;	/* currently selected octave */
179 static int whole;	/* whole-note time at current tempo, in ticks */
180 static int value;	/* whole divisor for note time, quarter note = 1 */
181 static int fill;	/* controls spacing of notes */
182 static bool octtrack;	/* octave-tracking on? */
183 static bool octprefix;	/* override current octave-tracking state? */
184 
185 /*
186  * Magic number avoidance...
187  */
188 #define SECS_PER_MIN	60	/* seconds per minute */
189 #define WHOLE_NOTE	4	/* quarter notes per whole note */
190 #define MIN_VALUE	64	/* the most we can divide a note by */
191 #define DFLT_VALUE	4	/* default value (quarter-note) */
192 #define FILLTIME	8	/* for articulation, break note in parts */
193 #define STACCATO	6	/* 6/8 = 3/4 of note is filled */
194 #define NORMAL		7	/* 7/8ths of note interval is filled */
195 #define LEGATO		8	/* all of note interval is filled */
196 #define DFLT_OCTAVE	4	/* default octave */
197 #define MIN_TEMPO	32	/* minimum tempo */
198 #define DFLT_TEMPO	120	/* default tempo */
199 #define MAX_TEMPO	255	/* max tempo */
200 #define NUM_MULT	3	/* numerator of dot multiplier */
201 #define DENOM_MULT	2	/* denominator of dot multiplier */
202 
203 /* letter to half-tone:  A   B  C  D  E  F  G */
204 static int notetab[8] = {9, 11, 0, 2, 4, 5, 7};
205 
206 /*
207  * This is the American Standard A440 Equal-Tempered scale with frequencies
208  * rounded to nearest integer. Thank Goddess for the good ol' CRC Handbook...
209  * our octave 0 is standard octave 2.
210  */
211 #define OCTAVE_NOTES	12	/* semitones per octave */
212 static int pitchtab[] =
213 {
214 /*        C     C#    D     D#    E     F     F#    G     G#    A     A#    B*/
215 /* 0 */   65,   69,   73,   78,   82,   87,   93,   98,  103,  110,  117,  123,
216 /* 1 */  131,  139,  147,  156,  165,  175,  185,  196,  208,  220,  233,  247,
217 /* 2 */  262,  277,  294,  311,  330,  349,  370,  392,  415,  440,  466,  494,
218 /* 3 */  523,  554,  587,  622,  659,  698,  740,  784,  831,  880,  932,  988,
219 /* 4 */ 1047, 1109, 1175, 1245, 1319, 1397, 1480, 1568, 1661, 1760, 1865, 1975,
220 /* 5 */ 2093, 2217, 2349, 2489, 2637, 2794, 2960, 3136, 3322, 3520, 3729, 3951,
221 /* 6 */ 4186, 4435, 4698, 4978, 5274, 5588, 5920, 6272, 6644, 7040, 7459, 7902,
222 };
223 
224 static void
225 playinit()
226 {
227     octave = DFLT_OCTAVE;
228     whole = (hz * SECS_PER_MIN * WHOLE_NOTE) / DFLT_TEMPO;
229     fill = NORMAL;
230     value = DFLT_VALUE;
231     octtrack = FALSE;
232     octprefix = TRUE;	/* act as though there was an initial O(n) */
233 }
234 
235 /* play tone of proper duration for current rhythm signature */
236 static void
237 playtone(pitch, value, sustain)
238 	int	pitch, value, sustain;
239 {
240     register int	sound, silence, snum = 1, sdenom = 1;
241 
242     /* this weirdness avoids floating-point arithmetic */
243     for (; sustain; sustain--)
244     {
245 	/* See the BUGS section in the man page for discussion */
246 	snum *= NUM_MULT;
247 	sdenom *= DENOM_MULT;
248     }
249 
250     if (value == 0 || sdenom == 0)
251 	return;
252 
253     if (pitch == -1)
254 	rest(whole * snum / (value * sdenom));
255     else
256     {
257 	sound = (whole * snum) / (value * sdenom)
258 		- (whole * (FILLTIME - fill)) / (value * FILLTIME);
259 	silence = whole * (FILLTIME-fill) * snum / (FILLTIME * value * sdenom);
260 
261 #ifdef DEBUG
262 	(void) printf("playtone: pitch %d for %d ticks, rest for %d ticks\n",
263 			pitch, sound, silence);
264 #endif /* DEBUG */
265 
266 	tone(pitchtab[pitch], sound);
267 	if (fill != LEGATO)
268 	    rest(silence);
269     }
270 }
271 
272 /* interpret and play an item from a notation string */
273 static void
274 playstring(cp, slen)
275 	char	*cp;
276 	size_t	slen;
277 {
278     int		pitch, oldfill, lastpitch = OCTAVE_NOTES * DFLT_OCTAVE;
279 
280 #define GETNUM(cp, v)	for(v=0; isdigit(cp[1]) && slen > 0; ) \
281 				{v = v * 10 + (*++cp - '0'); slen--;}
282     for (; slen--; cp++)
283     {
284 	int		sustain, timeval, tempo;
285 	register char	c = toupper(*cp);
286 
287 #ifdef DEBUG
288 	(void) printf("playstring: %c (%x)\n", c, c);
289 #endif /* DEBUG */
290 
291 	switch (c)
292 	{
293 	case 'A':  case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F': case 'G':
294 
295 	    /* compute pitch */
296 	    pitch = notetab[c - 'A'] + octave * OCTAVE_NOTES;
297 
298 	    /* this may be followed by an accidental sign */
299 	    if (cp[1] == '#' || cp[1] == '+')
300 	    {
301 		++pitch;
302 		++cp;
303 		slen--;
304 	    }
305 	    else if (cp[1] == '-')
306 	    {
307 		--pitch;
308 		++cp;
309 		slen--;
310 	    }
311 
312 	    /*
313 	     * If octave-tracking mode is on, and there has been no octave-
314 	     * setting prefix, find the version of the current letter note
315 	     * closest to the last regardless of octave.
316 	     */
317 	    if (octtrack && !octprefix)
318 	    {
319 		if (abs(pitch-lastpitch) > abs(pitch+OCTAVE_NOTES-lastpitch))
320 		{
321 		    ++octave;
322 		    pitch += OCTAVE_NOTES;
323 		}
324 
325 		if (abs(pitch-lastpitch) > abs((pitch-OCTAVE_NOTES)-lastpitch))
326 		{
327 		    --octave;
328 		    pitch -= OCTAVE_NOTES;
329 		}
330 	    }
331 	    octprefix = FALSE;
332 	    lastpitch = pitch;
333 
334 	    /* ...which may in turn be followed by an override time value */
335 	    GETNUM(cp, timeval);
336 	    if (timeval <= 0 || timeval > MIN_VALUE)
337 		timeval = value;
338 
339 	    /* ...and/or sustain dots */
340 	    for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
341 	    {
342 		slen--;
343 		sustain++;
344 	    }
345 
346 	    /* ...and/or a slur mark */
347 	    oldfill = fill;
348 	    if (cp[1] == '_')
349 	    {
350 		fill = LEGATO;
351 		++cp;
352 		slen--;
353 	    }
354 
355 	    /* time to emit the actual tone */
356 	    playtone(pitch, timeval, sustain);
357 
358 	    fill = oldfill;
359 	    break;
360 
361 	case 'O':
362 	    if (cp[1] == 'N' || cp[1] == 'n')
363 	    {
364 		octprefix = octtrack = FALSE;
365 		++cp;
366 		slen--;
367 	    }
368 	    else if (cp[1] == 'L' || cp[1] == 'l')
369 	    {
370 		octtrack = TRUE;
371 		++cp;
372 		slen--;
373 	    }
374 	    else
375 	    {
376 		GETNUM(cp, octave);
377 		if (octave >= sizeof(pitchtab) / sizeof(pitchtab[0]) / OCTAVE_NOTES)
378 		    octave = DFLT_OCTAVE;
379 		octprefix = TRUE;
380 	    }
381 	    break;
382 
383 	case '>':
384 	    if (octave < sizeof(pitchtab) / sizeof(pitchtab[0]) / OCTAVE_NOTES - 1)
385 		octave++;
386 	    octprefix = TRUE;
387 	    break;
388 
389 	case '<':
390 	    if (octave > 0)
391 		octave--;
392 	    octprefix = TRUE;
393 	    break;
394 
395 	case 'N':
396 	    GETNUM(cp, pitch);
397 	    for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
398 	    {
399 		slen--;
400 		sustain++;
401 	    }
402 	    oldfill = fill;
403 	    if (cp[1] == '_')
404 	    {
405 		fill = LEGATO;
406 		++cp;
407 		slen--;
408 	    }
409 	    playtone(pitch - 1, value, sustain);
410 	    fill = oldfill;
411 	    break;
412 
413 	case 'L':
414 	    GETNUM(cp, value);
415 	    if (value <= 0 || value > MIN_VALUE)
416 		value = DFLT_VALUE;
417 	    break;
418 
419 	case 'P':
420 	case '~':
421 	    /* this may be followed by an override time value */
422 	    GETNUM(cp, timeval);
423 	    if (timeval <= 0 || timeval > MIN_VALUE)
424 		timeval = value;
425 	    for (sustain = 0; cp[1] == '.'; cp++)
426 	    {
427 		slen--;
428 		sustain++;
429 	    }
430 	    playtone(-1, timeval, sustain);
431 	    break;
432 
433 	case 'T':
434 	    GETNUM(cp, tempo);
435 	    if (tempo < MIN_TEMPO || tempo > MAX_TEMPO)
436 		tempo = DFLT_TEMPO;
437 	    whole = (hz * SECS_PER_MIN * WHOLE_NOTE) / tempo;
438 	    break;
439 
440 	case 'M':
441 	    if (cp[1] == 'N' || cp[1] == 'n')
442 	    {
443 		fill = NORMAL;
444 		++cp;
445 		slen--;
446 	    }
447 	    else if (cp[1] == 'L' || cp[1] == 'l')
448 	    {
449 		fill = LEGATO;
450 		++cp;
451 		slen--;
452 	    }
453 	    else if (cp[1] == 'S' || cp[1] == 's')
454 	    {
455 		fill = STACCATO;
456 		++cp;
457 		slen--;
458 	    }
459 	    break;
460 	}
461     }
462 }
463 
464 /******************* UNIX DRIVER HOOKS BEGIN HERE **************************
465  *
466  * This section implements driver hooks to run playstring() and the tone(),
467  * endtone(), and rest() functions defined above.
468  */
469 
470 static int spkr_active = FALSE; /* exclusion flag */
471 static char *spkr_inbuf;  /* incoming buf */
472 
473 static int
474 spkropen(dev, flags, fmt, td)
475 	struct cdev *dev;
476 	int		flags;
477 	int		fmt;
478 	struct thread	*td;
479 {
480 #ifdef DEBUG
481     (void) printf("spkropen: entering with dev = %s\n", devtoname(dev));
482 #endif /* DEBUG */
483 
484     if (minor(dev) != 0)
485 	return(ENXIO);
486     else if (spkr_active)
487 	return(EBUSY);
488     else
489     {
490 #ifdef DEBUG
491 	(void) printf("spkropen: about to perform play initialization\n");
492 #endif /* DEBUG */
493 	playinit();
494 	spkr_inbuf = malloc(DEV_BSIZE, M_SPKR, M_WAITOK);
495 	spkr_active = TRUE;
496 	return(0);
497     }
498 }
499 
500 static int
501 spkrwrite(dev, uio, ioflag)
502 	struct cdev *dev;
503 	struct uio	*uio;
504 	int		ioflag;
505 {
506 #ifdef DEBUG
507     printf("spkrwrite: entering with dev = %s, count = %d\n",
508 		devtoname(dev), uio->uio_resid);
509 #endif /* DEBUG */
510 
511     if (minor(dev) != 0)
512 	return(ENXIO);
513     else if (uio->uio_resid > (DEV_BSIZE - 1))     /* prevent system crashes */
514 	return(E2BIG);
515     else
516     {
517 	unsigned n;
518 	char *cp;
519 	int error;
520 
521 	n = uio->uio_resid;
522 	cp = spkr_inbuf;
523 	error = uiomove(cp, n, uio);
524 	if (!error) {
525 		cp[n] = '\0';
526 		playstring(cp, n);
527 	}
528 	return(error);
529     }
530 }
531 
532 static int
533 spkrclose(dev, flags, fmt, td)
534 	struct cdev *dev;
535 	int		flags;
536 	int		fmt;
537 	struct thread	*td;
538 {
539 #ifdef DEBUG
540     (void) printf("spkrclose: entering with dev = %s\n", devtoname(dev));
541 #endif /* DEBUG */
542 
543     if (minor(dev) != 0)
544 	return(ENXIO);
545     else
546     {
547 	wakeup(&endtone);
548 	wakeup(&endrest);
549 	free(spkr_inbuf, M_SPKR);
550 	spkr_active = FALSE;
551 	return(0);
552     }
553 }
554 
555 static int
556 spkrioctl(dev, cmd, cmdarg, flags, td)
557 	struct cdev *dev;
558 	unsigned long	cmd;
559 	caddr_t		cmdarg;
560 	int		flags;
561 	struct thread	*td;
562 {
563 #ifdef DEBUG
564     (void) printf("spkrioctl: entering with dev = %s, cmd = %lx\n",
565     	devtoname(dev), cmd);
566 #endif /* DEBUG */
567 
568     if (minor(dev) != 0)
569 	return(ENXIO);
570     else if (cmd == SPKRTONE)
571     {
572 	tone_t	*tp = (tone_t *)cmdarg;
573 
574 	if (tp->frequency == 0)
575 	    rest(tp->duration);
576 	else
577 	    tone(tp->frequency, tp->duration);
578 	return 0;
579     }
580     else if (cmd == SPKRTUNE)
581     {
582 	tone_t  *tp = (tone_t *)(*(caddr_t *)cmdarg);
583 	tone_t ttp;
584 	int error;
585 
586 	for (; ; tp++) {
587 	    error = copyin(tp, &ttp, sizeof(tone_t));
588 	    if (error)
589 		    return(error);
590 	    if (ttp.duration == 0)
591 		    break;
592 	    if (ttp.frequency == 0)
593 		 rest(ttp.duration);
594 	    else
595 		 tone(ttp.frequency, ttp.duration);
596 	}
597 	return(0);
598     }
599     return(EINVAL);
600 }
601 
602 /*
603  * Install placeholder to claim the resources owned by the
604  * AT tone generator.
605  */
606 static struct isa_pnp_id speaker_ids[] = {
607 #ifndef PC98
608 	{ 0x0008d041 /* PNP0800 */, SPKR_DESC },
609 #endif
610 	{ 0 }
611 };
612 
613 static struct cdev *speaker_dev;
614 
615 static int
616 speaker_probe(device_t dev)
617 {
618 	int	error;
619 
620 	error = ISA_PNP_PROBE(device_get_parent(dev), dev, speaker_ids);
621 
622 	/* PnP match */
623 	if (error == 0)
624 		return (0);
625 
626 	/* No match */
627 	if (error == ENXIO)
628 		return (ENXIO);
629 
630 	/* Not configured by hints. */
631 	if (strncmp(device_get_name(dev), "speaker", 9))
632 		return (ENXIO);
633 
634 	device_set_desc(dev, SPKR_DESC);
635 
636 	return (0);
637 }
638 
639 static int
640 speaker_attach(device_t dev)
641 {
642 
643 	if (speaker_dev) {
644 		device_printf(dev, "Already attached!\n");
645 		return (ENXIO);
646 	}
647 
648 	speaker_dev = make_dev(&spkr_cdevsw, 0, UID_ROOT, GID_WHEEL, 0600,
649 	    "speaker");
650 	return (0);
651 }
652 
653 static int
654 speaker_detach(device_t dev)
655 {
656 	destroy_dev(speaker_dev);
657 	return (0);
658 }
659 
660 static device_method_t speaker_methods[] = {
661 	/* Device interface */
662 	DEVMETHOD(device_probe,		speaker_probe),
663 	DEVMETHOD(device_attach,	speaker_attach),
664 	DEVMETHOD(device_detach,	speaker_detach),
665 	DEVMETHOD(device_shutdown,	bus_generic_shutdown),
666 	DEVMETHOD(device_suspend,	bus_generic_suspend),
667 	DEVMETHOD(device_resume,	bus_generic_resume),
668 	{ 0, 0 }
669 };
670 
671 static driver_t speaker_driver = {
672 	"speaker",
673 	speaker_methods,
674 	1,		/* no softc */
675 };
676 
677 static devclass_t speaker_devclass;
678 
679 DRIVER_MODULE(speaker, isa, speaker_driver, speaker_devclass, 0, 0);
680 #ifndef PC98
681 DRIVER_MODULE(speaker, acpi, speaker_driver, speaker_devclass, 0, 0);
682 #endif
683 
684 /* spkr.c ends here */
685