xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/random/fenestrasX/fx_brng.c (revision 02e9120893770924227138ba49df1edb3896112a)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2019 Conrad Meyer <cem@FreeBSD.org>
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 #include <sys/param.h>
29 #include <sys/fail.h>
30 #include <sys/limits.h>
31 #include <sys/lock.h>
32 #include <sys/kernel.h>
33 #include <sys/malloc.h>
34 #include <sys/mutex.h>
35 #include <sys/random.h>
36 #include <sys/sdt.h>
37 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
38 #include <sys/systm.h>
39 #include <sys/vdso.h>
40 
41 #include <machine/cpu.h>
42 
43 #include <dev/random/randomdev.h>
44 #include <dev/random/random_harvestq.h>
45 #include <dev/random/uint128.h>
46 
47 #include <dev/random/fenestrasX/fx_brng.h>
48 #include <dev/random/fenestrasX/fx_priv.h>
49 #include <dev/random/fenestrasX/fx_pub.h>
50 #include <dev/random/fenestrasX/fx_rng.h>
51 
52 /*
53  * Implementation of a buffered RNG, described in § 1.2-1.4 of the whitepaper.
54  */
55 
56 /*
57  * Initialize a buffered rng instance (either the static root instance, or a
58  * per-cpu instance on the heap.  Both should be zero initialized before this
59  * routine.
60  */
61 void
62 fxrng_brng_init(struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng)
63 {
64 	fxrng_rng_init(&rng->brng_rng, rng == &fxrng_root);
65 
66 	/* I.e., the buffer is empty. */
67 	rng->brng_avail_idx = sizeof(rng->brng_buffer);
68 
69 	/*
70 	 * It is fine and correct for brng_generation and brng_buffer to be
71 	 * zero values.
72 	 *
73 	 * brng_prf and brng_generation must be initialized later.
74 	 * Initialization is special for the root BRNG.  PCPU child instances
75 	 * use fxrng_brng_produce_seed_data_internal() below.
76 	 */
77 }
78 
79 /*
80  * Directly reseed the root BRNG from a first-time entropy source,
81  * incorporating the existing BRNG state.  The main motivation for doing so "is
82  * to ensure that as soon as an entropy source produces data, PRNG output
83  * depends on the data from that source." (§ 3.1)
84  *
85  * The root BRNG is locked on entry and initial keying (brng_generation > 0)
86  * has already been performed.  The root BRNG is unlocked on return.
87  */
88 void
89 fxrng_brng_src_reseed(const struct harvest_event *event)
90 {
91 	struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng;
92 
93 	rng = &fxrng_root;
94 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
95 	ASSERT_DEBUG(rng->brng_generation > 0, "root RNG not seeded");
96 
97 	fxrng_rng_src_reseed(&rng->brng_rng, event);
98 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
99 
100 	/*
101 	 * Bump root generation (which is costly) to force downstream BRNGs to
102 	 * reseed and quickly incorporate the new entropy.  The intuition is
103 	 * that this tradeoff is worth it because new sources show up extremely
104 	 * rarely (limiting cost) and if they can contribute any entropy to a
105 	 * weak state, we want to propagate it to all generators ASAP.
106 	 */
107 	rng->brng_generation++;
108 	atomic_store_rel_64(&fxrng_root_generation, rng->brng_generation);
109 	/* Update VDSO version. */
110 	fxrng_push_seed_generation(rng->brng_generation);
111 	FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
112 }
113 
114 /*
115  * Reseed a brng from some amount of pooled entropy (determined in fx_pool.c by
116  * fxent_timer_reseed_npools).  For initial seeding, we pool entropy in a
117  * single pool and use this API as well (fxrng_alg_seeded).
118  */
119 void
120 fxrng_brng_reseed(const void *entr, size_t sz)
121 {
122 	struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng;
123 
124 	rng = &fxrng_root;
125 	FXRNG_BRNG_LOCK(rng);
126 
127 	fxrng_rng_reseed(&rng->brng_rng, (rng->brng_generation > 0), entr, sz);
128 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
129 
130 	rng->brng_generation++;
131 	atomic_store_rel_64(&fxrng_root_generation, rng->brng_generation);
132 	/* Update VDSO version. */
133 	fxrng_push_seed_generation(rng->brng_generation);
134 	FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
135 }
136 
137 /*
138  * Sysentvec and VDSO are initialized much later than SI_SUB_RANDOM.  When
139  * they're online, go ahead and push an initial root seed version.
140  * INIT_SYSENTVEC runs at SI_SUB_EXEC:SI_ORDER_ANY, and SI_ORDER_ANY is the
141  * maximum value, so we must run at SI_SUB_EXEC+1.
142  */
143 static void
144 fxrng_vdso_sysinit(void *dummy __unused)
145 {
146 	FXRNG_BRNG_LOCK(&fxrng_root);
147 	fxrng_push_seed_generation(fxrng_root.brng_generation);
148 	FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(&fxrng_root);
149 }
150 SYSINIT(fxrng_vdso, SI_SUB_EXEC + 1, SI_ORDER_ANY, fxrng_vdso_sysinit, NULL);
151 
152 /*
153  * Grab some bytes off an initialized, current generation RNG.
154  *
155  * (Does not handle reseeding if our generation is stale.)
156  *
157  * Locking protocol is a bit odd.  The RNG is locked on entrance, but the lock
158  * is dropped on exit.  This avoids holding a lock during expensive and slow
159  * RNG generation.
160  */
161 static void
162 fxrng_brng_getbytes_internal(struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng, void *buf,
163     size_t nbytes)
164 {
165 
166 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
167 
168 	/* Make the zero request impossible for the rest of the logic. */
169 	if (__predict_false(nbytes == 0)) {
170 		FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
171 		goto out;
172 	}
173 
174 	/* Fast/easy case: Use some bytes from the buffer. */
175 	if (rng->brng_avail_idx + nbytes <= sizeof(rng->brng_buffer)) {
176 		memcpy(buf, &rng->brng_buffer[rng->brng_avail_idx], nbytes);
177 		explicit_bzero(&rng->brng_buffer[rng->brng_avail_idx], nbytes);
178 		rng->brng_avail_idx += nbytes;
179 		FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
180 		goto out;
181 	}
182 
183 	/* Buffer case: */
184 	if (nbytes < sizeof(rng->brng_buffer)) {
185 		size_t rem;
186 
187 		/* Drain anything left in the buffer first. */
188 		if (rng->brng_avail_idx < sizeof(rng->brng_buffer)) {
189 			rem = sizeof(rng->brng_buffer) - rng->brng_avail_idx;
190 			ASSERT_DEBUG(nbytes > rem, "invariant");
191 
192 			memcpy(buf, &rng->brng_buffer[rng->brng_avail_idx], rem);
193 
194 			buf = (uint8_t*)buf + rem;
195 			nbytes -= rem;
196 			ASSERT_DEBUG(nbytes != 0, "invariant");
197 		}
198 
199 		/*
200 		 * Partial fill from first buffer, have to rekey and generate a
201 		 * new buffer to do the rest.
202 		 */
203 		fxrng_rng_genrandom_internal(&rng->brng_rng, rng->brng_buffer,
204 		    sizeof(rng->brng_buffer), false);
205 		FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
206 		rng->brng_avail_idx = 0;
207 
208 		memcpy(buf, &rng->brng_buffer[rng->brng_avail_idx], nbytes);
209 		explicit_bzero(&rng->brng_buffer[rng->brng_avail_idx], nbytes);
210 		rng->brng_avail_idx += nbytes;
211 		FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
212 		goto out;
213 	}
214 
215 	/* Large request; skip the buffer. */
216 	fxrng_rng_genrandom_internal(&rng->brng_rng, buf, nbytes, true);
217 
218 out:
219 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT_NOT(rng);
220 	return;
221 }
222 
223 /*
224  * API to get a new key for a downstream RNG.  Returns the new key in 'buf', as
225  * well as the generator's reseed_generation.
226  *
227  * 'rng' is locked on entry and unlocked on return.
228  *
229  * Only valid after confirming the caller's seed version or reseed_generation
230  * matches roots (or we are root).  (For now, this is only used to reseed the
231  * per-CPU generators from root.)
232  */
233 void
234 fxrng_brng_produce_seed_data_internal(struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng,
235     void *buf, size_t keysz, uint64_t *seed_generation)
236 {
237 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
238 	ASSERT_DEBUG(keysz == FX_CHACHA20_KEYSIZE, "keysz: %zu", keysz);
239 
240 	*seed_generation = rng->brng_generation;
241 	fxrng_brng_getbytes_internal(rng, buf, keysz);
242 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT_NOT(rng);
243 }
244 
245 /*
246  * Read from an allocated and initialized buffered BRNG.  This a high-level
247  * API, but doesn't handle PCPU BRNG allocation.
248  *
249  * BRNG is locked on entry.  It is unlocked on return.
250  */
251 void
252 fxrng_brng_read(struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng, void *buf, size_t nbytes)
253 {
254 	uint8_t newkey[FX_CHACHA20_KEYSIZE];
255 
256 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
257 
258 	/* Fast path: there hasn't been a global reseed since last read. */
259 	if (rng->brng_generation == atomic_load_acq_64(&fxrng_root_generation))
260 		goto done_reseeding;
261 
262 	ASSERT(rng != &fxrng_root, "root rng inconsistent seed version");
263 
264 	/*
265 	 * Slow path: We need to rekey from the parent BRNG to incorporate new
266 	 * entropy material.
267 	 *
268 	 * Lock order is always root -> percpu.
269 	 */
270 	FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
271 	FXRNG_BRNG_LOCK(&fxrng_root);
272 	FXRNG_BRNG_LOCK(rng);
273 
274 	/*
275 	 * If we lost the reseeding race when the lock was dropped, don't
276 	 * duplicate work.
277 	 */
278 	if (__predict_false(rng->brng_generation ==
279 	    atomic_load_acq_64(&fxrng_root_generation))) {
280 		FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(&fxrng_root);
281 		goto done_reseeding;
282 	}
283 
284 	fxrng_brng_produce_seed_data_internal(&fxrng_root, newkey,
285 	    sizeof(newkey), &rng->brng_generation);
286 
287 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT_NOT(&fxrng_root);
288 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
289 
290 	fxrng_rng_setkey(&rng->brng_rng, newkey, sizeof(newkey));
291 	explicit_bzero(newkey, sizeof(newkey));
292 
293 	/*
294 	 * A reseed invalidates any previous buffered contents.  Here, we
295 	 * forward the available index to the end of the buffer, i.e., empty.
296 	 * Requests that would use the buffer (< 128 bytes) will refill its
297 	 * contents on demand.
298 	 *
299 	 * It is explicitly ok that we do not zero out any remaining buffer
300 	 * bytes; they will never be handed out to callers, and they reveal
301 	 * nothing about the reseeded key (which came from the root BRNG).
302 	 * (§ 1.3)
303 	 */
304 	rng->brng_avail_idx = sizeof(rng->brng_buffer);
305 
306 done_reseeding:
307 	if (rng != &fxrng_root)
308 		FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT_NOT(&fxrng_root);
309 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
310 
311 	fxrng_brng_getbytes_internal(rng, buf, nbytes);
312 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT_NOT(rng);
313 }
314