xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/mmc/mmc.c (revision a0409676120c1e558d0ade943019934e0f15118d)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2006 Bernd Walter.  All rights reserved.
5  * Copyright (c) 2006 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
6  * Copyright (c) 2017 Marius Strobl <marius@FreeBSD.org>
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  *
28  * Portions of this software may have been developed with reference to
29  * the SD Simplified Specification.  The following disclaimer may apply:
30  *
31  * The following conditions apply to the release of the simplified
32  * specification ("Simplified Specification") by the SD Card Association and
33  * the SD Group. The Simplified Specification is a subset of the complete SD
34  * Specification which is owned by the SD Card Association and the SD
35  * Group. This Simplified Specification is provided on a non-confidential
36  * basis subject to the disclaimers below. Any implementation of the
37  * Simplified Specification may require a license from the SD Card
38  * Association, SD Group, SD-3C LLC or other third parties.
39  *
40  * Disclaimers:
41  *
42  * The information contained in the Simplified Specification is presented only
43  * as a standard specification for SD Cards and SD Host/Ancillary products and
44  * is provided "AS-IS" without any representations or warranties of any
45  * kind. No responsibility is assumed by the SD Group, SD-3C LLC or the SD
46  * Card Association for any damages, any infringements of patents or other
47  * right of the SD Group, SD-3C LLC, the SD Card Association or any third
48  * parties, which may result from its use. No license is granted by
49  * implication, estoppel or otherwise under any patent or other rights of the
50  * SD Group, SD-3C LLC, the SD Card Association or any third party. Nothing
51  * herein shall be construed as an obligation by the SD Group, the SD-3C LLC
52  * or the SD Card Association to disclose or distribute any technical
53  * information, know-how or other confidential information to any third party.
54  */
55 
56 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
57 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
58 
59 #include <sys/param.h>
60 #include <sys/systm.h>
61 #include <sys/kernel.h>
62 #include <sys/malloc.h>
63 #include <sys/lock.h>
64 #include <sys/module.h>
65 #include <sys/mutex.h>
66 #include <sys/bus.h>
67 #include <sys/endian.h>
68 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
69 #include <sys/time.h>
70 
71 #include <dev/mmc/bridge.h>
72 #include <dev/mmc/mmc_private.h>
73 #include <dev/mmc/mmc_subr.h>
74 #include <dev/mmc/mmcreg.h>
75 #include <dev/mmc/mmcbrvar.h>
76 #include <dev/mmc/mmcvar.h>
77 
78 #include "mmcbr_if.h"
79 #include "mmcbus_if.h"
80 
81 CTASSERT(bus_timing_max <= sizeof(uint32_t) * NBBY);
82 
83 /*
84  * Per-card data
85  */
86 struct mmc_ivars {
87 	uint32_t raw_cid[4];	/* Raw bits of the CID */
88 	uint32_t raw_csd[4];	/* Raw bits of the CSD */
89 	uint32_t raw_scr[2];	/* Raw bits of the SCR */
90 	uint8_t raw_ext_csd[MMC_EXTCSD_SIZE]; /* Raw bits of the EXT_CSD */
91 	uint32_t raw_sd_status[16];	/* Raw bits of the SD_STATUS */
92 	uint16_t rca;
93 	u_char read_only;	/* True when the device is read-only */
94 	u_char high_cap;	/* High Capacity device (block addressed) */
95 	enum mmc_card_mode mode;
96 	enum mmc_bus_width bus_width;	/* Bus width to use */
97 	struct mmc_cid cid;	/* cid decoded */
98 	struct mmc_csd csd;	/* csd decoded */
99 	struct mmc_scr scr;	/* scr decoded */
100 	struct mmc_sd_status sd_status;	/* SD_STATUS decoded */
101 	uint32_t sec_count;	/* Card capacity in 512byte blocks */
102 	uint32_t timings;	/* Mask of bus timings supported */
103 	uint32_t vccq_120;	/* Mask of bus timings at VCCQ of 1.2 V */
104 	uint32_t vccq_180;	/* Mask of bus timings at VCCQ of 1.8 V */
105 	uint32_t tran_speed;	/* Max speed in normal mode */
106 	uint32_t hs_tran_speed;	/* Max speed in high speed mode */
107 	uint32_t erase_sector;	/* Card native erase sector size */
108 	uint32_t cmd6_time;	/* Generic switch timeout [us] */
109 	uint32_t quirks;	/* Quirks as per mmc_quirk->quirks */
110 	char card_id_string[64];/* Formatted CID info (serial, MFG, etc) */
111 	char card_sn_string[16];/* Formatted serial # for disk->d_ident */
112 };
113 
114 #define	CMD_RETRIES	3
115 
116 static const struct mmc_quirk mmc_quirks[] = {
117 	/*
118 	 * For some SanDisk iNAND devices, the CMD38 argument needs to be
119 	 * provided in EXT_CSD[113].
120 	 */
121 	{ 0x2, 0x100,	 		"SEM02G", MMC_QUIRK_INAND_CMD38 },
122 	{ 0x2, 0x100,			"SEM04G", MMC_QUIRK_INAND_CMD38 },
123 	{ 0x2, 0x100,			"SEM08G", MMC_QUIRK_INAND_CMD38 },
124 	{ 0x2, 0x100,			"SEM16G", MMC_QUIRK_INAND_CMD38 },
125 	{ 0x2, 0x100,			"SEM32G", MMC_QUIRK_INAND_CMD38 },
126 
127 	/*
128 	 * Disable TRIM for Kingston eMMCs where a firmware bug can lead to
129 	 * unrecoverable data corruption.
130 	 */
131 	{ 0x70, MMC_QUIRK_OID_ANY,	"V10008", MMC_QUIRK_BROKEN_TRIM },
132 	{ 0x70, MMC_QUIRK_OID_ANY,	"V10016", MMC_QUIRK_BROKEN_TRIM },
133 	{ 0x0, 0x0, NULL, 0x0 }
134 };
135 
136 static SYSCTL_NODE(_hw, OID_AUTO, mmc, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, NULL,
137     "mmc driver");
138 
139 static int mmc_debug;
140 SYSCTL_INT(_hw_mmc, OID_AUTO, debug, CTLFLAG_RWTUN, &mmc_debug, 0,
141     "Debug level");
142 
143 /* bus entry points */
144 static int mmc_acquire_bus(device_t busdev, device_t dev);
145 static int mmc_attach(device_t dev);
146 static int mmc_child_location_str(device_t dev, device_t child, char *buf,
147     size_t buflen);
148 static int mmc_detach(device_t dev);
149 static int mmc_probe(device_t dev);
150 static int mmc_read_ivar(device_t bus, device_t child, int which,
151     uintptr_t *result);
152 static int mmc_release_bus(device_t busdev, device_t dev);
153 static int mmc_resume(device_t dev);
154 static void mmc_retune_pause(device_t busdev, device_t dev, bool retune);
155 static void mmc_retune_unpause(device_t busdev, device_t dev);
156 static int mmc_suspend(device_t dev);
157 static int mmc_wait_for_request(device_t busdev, device_t dev,
158     struct mmc_request *req);
159 static int mmc_write_ivar(device_t bus, device_t child, int which,
160     uintptr_t value);
161 
162 #define	MMC_LOCK(_sc)		mtx_lock(&(_sc)->sc_mtx)
163 #define	MMC_UNLOCK(_sc)		mtx_unlock(&(_sc)->sc_mtx)
164 #define	MMC_LOCK_INIT(_sc)						\
165 	mtx_init(&(_sc)->sc_mtx, device_get_nameunit((_sc)->dev),	\
166 	    "mmc", MTX_DEF)
167 #define	MMC_LOCK_DESTROY(_sc)	mtx_destroy(&(_sc)->sc_mtx);
168 #define	MMC_ASSERT_LOCKED(_sc)	mtx_assert(&(_sc)->sc_mtx, MA_OWNED);
169 #define	MMC_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(_sc) mtx_assert(&(_sc)->sc_mtx, MA_NOTOWNED);
170 
171 static int mmc_all_send_cid(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t *rawcid);
172 static void mmc_app_decode_scr(uint32_t *raw_scr, struct mmc_scr *scr);
173 static void mmc_app_decode_sd_status(uint32_t *raw_sd_status,
174     struct mmc_sd_status *sd_status);
175 static int mmc_app_sd_status(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca,
176     uint32_t *rawsdstatus);
177 static int mmc_app_send_scr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca,
178     uint32_t *rawscr);
179 static int mmc_calculate_clock(struct mmc_softc *sc);
180 static void mmc_decode_cid_mmc(uint32_t *raw_cid, struct mmc_cid *cid,
181     bool is_4_41p);
182 static void mmc_decode_cid_sd(uint32_t *raw_cid, struct mmc_cid *cid);
183 static void mmc_decode_csd_mmc(uint32_t *raw_csd, struct mmc_csd *csd);
184 static int mmc_decode_csd_sd(uint32_t *raw_csd, struct mmc_csd *csd);
185 static void mmc_delayed_attach(void *xsc);
186 static int mmc_delete_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc, bool final);
187 static void mmc_discover_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc);
188 static void mmc_format_card_id_string(struct mmc_ivars *ivar);
189 static void mmc_go_discovery(struct mmc_softc *sc);
190 static uint32_t mmc_get_bits(uint32_t *bits, int bit_len, int start,
191     int size);
192 static int mmc_highest_voltage(uint32_t ocr);
193 static bool mmc_host_timing(device_t dev, enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
194 static void mmc_idle_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc);
195 static void mmc_ms_delay(int ms);
196 static void mmc_log_card(device_t dev, struct mmc_ivars *ivar, int newcard);
197 static void mmc_power_down(struct mmc_softc *sc);
198 static void mmc_power_up(struct mmc_softc *sc);
199 static void mmc_rescan_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc);
200 static int mmc_retune(device_t busdev, device_t dev, bool reset);
201 static void mmc_scan(struct mmc_softc *sc);
202 static int mmc_sd_switch(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint8_t mode, uint8_t grp,
203     uint8_t value, uint8_t *res);
204 static int mmc_select_card(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca);
205 static uint32_t mmc_select_vdd(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr);
206 static int mmc_send_app_op_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr,
207     uint32_t *rocr);
208 static int mmc_send_csd(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca, uint32_t *rawcsd);
209 static int mmc_send_if_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint8_t vhs);
210 static int mmc_send_op_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr,
211     uint32_t *rocr);
212 static int mmc_send_relative_addr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t *resp);
213 static int mmc_set_blocklen(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t len);
214 static int mmc_set_card_bus_width(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
215     enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
216 static int mmc_set_power_class(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar);
217 static int mmc_set_relative_addr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t resp);
218 static int mmc_set_timing(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
219     enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
220 static int mmc_set_vccq(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
221     enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
222 static int mmc_switch_to_hs200(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
223     uint32_t clock);
224 static int mmc_switch_to_hs400(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
225     uint32_t max_dtr, enum mmc_bus_timing max_timing);
226 static int mmc_test_bus_width(struct mmc_softc *sc);
227 static uint32_t mmc_timing_to_dtr(struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
228     enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
229 static const char *mmc_timing_to_string(enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
230 static void mmc_update_child_list(struct mmc_softc *sc);
231 static int mmc_wait_for_command(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t opcode,
232     uint32_t arg, uint32_t flags, uint32_t *resp, int retries);
233 static int mmc_wait_for_req(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_request *req);
234 static void mmc_wakeup(struct mmc_request *req);
235 
236 static void
237 mmc_ms_delay(int ms)
238 {
239 
240 	DELAY(1000 * ms);	/* XXX BAD */
241 }
242 
243 static int
244 mmc_probe(device_t dev)
245 {
246 
247 	device_set_desc(dev, "MMC/SD bus");
248 	return (0);
249 }
250 
251 static int
252 mmc_attach(device_t dev)
253 {
254 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
255 
256 	sc = device_get_softc(dev);
257 	sc->dev = dev;
258 	MMC_LOCK_INIT(sc);
259 
260 	/* We'll probe and attach our children later, but before / mount */
261 	sc->config_intrhook.ich_func = mmc_delayed_attach;
262 	sc->config_intrhook.ich_arg = sc;
263 	if (config_intrhook_establish(&sc->config_intrhook) != 0)
264 		device_printf(dev, "config_intrhook_establish failed\n");
265 	return (0);
266 }
267 
268 static int
269 mmc_detach(device_t dev)
270 {
271 	struct mmc_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
272 	int err;
273 
274 	err = mmc_delete_cards(sc, true);
275 	if (err != 0)
276 		return (err);
277 	mmc_power_down(sc);
278 	MMC_LOCK_DESTROY(sc);
279 
280 	return (0);
281 }
282 
283 static int
284 mmc_suspend(device_t dev)
285 {
286 	struct mmc_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
287 	int err;
288 
289 	err = bus_generic_suspend(dev);
290 	if (err != 0)
291 		return (err);
292 	/*
293 	 * We power down with the bus acquired here, mainly so that no device
294 	 * is selected any longer and sc->last_rca gets set to 0.  Otherwise,
295 	 * the deselect as part of the bus acquisition in mmc_scan() may fail
296 	 * during resume, as the bus isn't powered up again before later in
297 	 * mmc_go_discovery().
298 	 */
299 	err = mmc_acquire_bus(dev, dev);
300 	if (err != 0)
301 		return (err);
302 	mmc_power_down(sc);
303 	err = mmc_release_bus(dev, dev);
304 	return (err);
305 }
306 
307 static int
308 mmc_resume(device_t dev)
309 {
310 	struct mmc_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
311 
312 	mmc_scan(sc);
313 	return (bus_generic_resume(dev));
314 }
315 
316 static int
317 mmc_acquire_bus(device_t busdev, device_t dev)
318 {
319 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
320 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
321 	int err;
322 	uint16_t rca;
323 	enum mmc_bus_timing timing;
324 
325 	err = MMCBR_ACQUIRE_HOST(device_get_parent(busdev), busdev);
326 	if (err)
327 		return (err);
328 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
329 	MMC_LOCK(sc);
330 	if (sc->owner)
331 		panic("mmc: host bridge didn't serialize us.");
332 	sc->owner = dev;
333 	MMC_UNLOCK(sc);
334 
335 	if (busdev != dev) {
336 		/*
337 		 * Keep track of the last rca that we've selected.  If
338 		 * we're asked to do it again, don't.  We never
339 		 * unselect unless the bus code itself wants the mmc
340 		 * bus, and constantly reselecting causes problems.
341 		 */
342 		ivar = device_get_ivars(dev);
343 		rca = ivar->rca;
344 		if (sc->last_rca != rca) {
345 			if (mmc_select_card(sc, rca) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
346 				device_printf(busdev, "Card at relative "
347 				    "address %d failed to select\n", rca);
348 				return (ENXIO);
349 			}
350 			sc->last_rca = rca;
351 			timing = mmcbr_get_timing(busdev);
352 			/*
353 			 * For eMMC modes, setting/updating bus width and VCCQ
354 			 * only really is necessary if there actually is more
355 			 * than one device on the bus as generally that already
356 			 * had to be done by mmc_calculate_clock() or one of
357 			 * its calees.  Moreover, setting the bus width anew
358 			 * can trigger re-tuning (via a CRC error on the next
359 			 * CMD), even if not switching between devices an the
360 			 * previously selected one is still tuned.  Obviously,
361 			 * we need to re-tune the host controller if devices
362 			 * are actually switched, though.
363 			 */
364 			if (timing >= bus_timing_mmc_ddr52 &&
365 			    sc->child_count == 1)
366 				return (0);
367 			/* Prepare bus width for the new card. */
368 			if (bootverbose || mmc_debug) {
369 				device_printf(busdev,
370 				    "setting bus width to %d bits %s timing\n",
371 				    (ivar->bus_width == bus_width_4) ? 4 :
372 				    (ivar->bus_width == bus_width_8) ? 8 : 1,
373 				    mmc_timing_to_string(timing));
374 			}
375 			if (mmc_set_card_bus_width(sc, ivar, timing) !=
376 			    MMC_ERR_NONE) {
377 				device_printf(busdev, "Card at relative "
378 				    "address %d failed to set bus width\n",
379 				    rca);
380 				return (ENXIO);
381 			}
382 			mmcbr_set_bus_width(busdev, ivar->bus_width);
383 			mmcbr_update_ios(busdev);
384 			if (mmc_set_vccq(sc, ivar, timing) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
385 				device_printf(busdev, "Failed to set VCCQ "
386 				    "for card at relative address %d\n", rca);
387 				return (ENXIO);
388 			}
389 			if (timing >= bus_timing_mmc_hs200 &&
390 			    mmc_retune(busdev, dev, true) != 0) {
391 				device_printf(busdev, "Card at relative "
392 				    "address %d failed to re-tune\n", rca);
393 				return (ENXIO);
394 			}
395 		}
396 	} else {
397 		/*
398 		 * If there's a card selected, stand down.
399 		 */
400 		if (sc->last_rca != 0) {
401 			if (mmc_select_card(sc, 0) != MMC_ERR_NONE)
402 				return (ENXIO);
403 			sc->last_rca = 0;
404 		}
405 	}
406 
407 	return (0);
408 }
409 
410 static int
411 mmc_release_bus(device_t busdev, device_t dev)
412 {
413 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
414 	int err;
415 
416 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
417 
418 	MMC_LOCK(sc);
419 	if (!sc->owner)
420 		panic("mmc: releasing unowned bus.");
421 	if (sc->owner != dev)
422 		panic("mmc: you don't own the bus.  game over.");
423 	MMC_UNLOCK(sc);
424 	err = MMCBR_RELEASE_HOST(device_get_parent(busdev), busdev);
425 	if (err)
426 		return (err);
427 	MMC_LOCK(sc);
428 	sc->owner = NULL;
429 	MMC_UNLOCK(sc);
430 	return (0);
431 }
432 
433 static uint32_t
434 mmc_select_vdd(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr)
435 {
436 
437 	return (ocr & MMC_OCR_VOLTAGE);
438 }
439 
440 static int
441 mmc_highest_voltage(uint32_t ocr)
442 {
443 	int i;
444 
445 	for (i = MMC_OCR_MAX_VOLTAGE_SHIFT;
446 	    i >= MMC_OCR_MIN_VOLTAGE_SHIFT; i--)
447 		if (ocr & (1 << i))
448 			return (i);
449 	return (-1);
450 }
451 
452 static void
453 mmc_wakeup(struct mmc_request *req)
454 {
455 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
456 
457 	sc = (struct mmc_softc *)req->done_data;
458 	MMC_LOCK(sc);
459 	req->flags |= MMC_REQ_DONE;
460 	MMC_UNLOCK(sc);
461 	wakeup(req);
462 }
463 
464 static int
465 mmc_wait_for_req(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_request *req)
466 {
467 
468 	req->done = mmc_wakeup;
469 	req->done_data = sc;
470 	if (__predict_false(mmc_debug > 1)) {
471 		device_printf(sc->dev, "REQUEST: CMD%d arg %#x flags %#x",
472 		    req->cmd->opcode, req->cmd->arg, req->cmd->flags);
473 		if (req->cmd->data) {
474 			printf(" data %d\n", (int)req->cmd->data->len);
475 		} else
476 			printf("\n");
477 	}
478 	MMCBR_REQUEST(device_get_parent(sc->dev), sc->dev, req);
479 	MMC_LOCK(sc);
480 	while ((req->flags & MMC_REQ_DONE) == 0)
481 		msleep(req, &sc->sc_mtx, 0, "mmcreq", 0);
482 	MMC_UNLOCK(sc);
483 	if (__predict_false(mmc_debug > 2 || (mmc_debug > 0 &&
484 	    req->cmd->error != MMC_ERR_NONE)))
485 		device_printf(sc->dev, "CMD%d RESULT: %d\n",
486 		    req->cmd->opcode, req->cmd->error);
487 	return (0);
488 }
489 
490 static int
491 mmc_wait_for_request(device_t busdev, device_t dev, struct mmc_request *req)
492 {
493 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
494 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
495 	int err, i;
496 	enum mmc_retune_req retune_req;
497 
498 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
499 	KASSERT(sc->owner != NULL,
500 	    ("%s: Request from %s without bus being acquired.", __func__,
501 	    device_get_nameunit(dev)));
502 
503 	/*
504 	 * Unless no device is selected or re-tuning is already ongoing,
505 	 * execute re-tuning if a) the bridge is requesting to do so and
506 	 * re-tuning hasn't been otherwise paused, or b) if a child asked
507 	 * to be re-tuned prior to pausing (see also mmc_retune_pause()).
508 	 */
509 	if (__predict_false(sc->last_rca != 0 && sc->retune_ongoing == 0 &&
510 	    (((retune_req = mmcbr_get_retune_req(busdev)) != retune_req_none &&
511 	    sc->retune_paused == 0) || sc->retune_needed == 1))) {
512 		if (__predict_false(mmc_debug > 1)) {
513 			device_printf(busdev,
514 			    "Re-tuning with%s circuit reset required\n",
515 			    retune_req == retune_req_reset ? "" : "out");
516 		}
517 		if (device_get_parent(dev) == busdev)
518 			ivar = device_get_ivars(dev);
519 		else {
520 			for (i = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
521 				ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
522 				if (ivar->rca == sc->last_rca)
523 					break;
524 			}
525 			if (ivar->rca != sc->last_rca)
526 				return (EINVAL);
527 		}
528 		sc->retune_ongoing = 1;
529 		err = mmc_retune(busdev, dev, retune_req == retune_req_reset);
530 		sc->retune_ongoing = 0;
531 		switch (err) {
532 		case MMC_ERR_NONE:
533 		case MMC_ERR_FAILED:	/* Re-tune error but still might work */
534 			break;
535 		case MMC_ERR_BADCRC:	/* Switch failure on HS400 recovery */
536 			return (ENXIO);
537 		case MMC_ERR_INVALID:	/* Driver implementation b0rken */
538 		default:		/* Unknown error, should not happen */
539 			return (EINVAL);
540 		}
541 		sc->retune_needed = 0;
542 	}
543 	return (mmc_wait_for_req(sc, req));
544 }
545 
546 static int
547 mmc_wait_for_command(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t opcode,
548     uint32_t arg, uint32_t flags, uint32_t *resp, int retries)
549 {
550 	struct mmc_command cmd;
551 	int err;
552 
553 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
554 	cmd.opcode = opcode;
555 	cmd.arg = arg;
556 	cmd.flags = flags;
557 	cmd.data = NULL;
558 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, retries);
559 	if (err)
560 		return (err);
561 	if (resp) {
562 		if (flags & MMC_RSP_136)
563 			memcpy(resp, cmd.resp, 4 * sizeof(uint32_t));
564 		else
565 			*resp = cmd.resp[0];
566 	}
567 	return (0);
568 }
569 
570 static void
571 mmc_idle_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc)
572 {
573 	device_t dev;
574 	struct mmc_command cmd;
575 
576 	dev = sc->dev;
577 	mmcbr_set_chip_select(dev, cs_high);
578 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
579 	mmc_ms_delay(1);
580 
581 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
582 	cmd.opcode = MMC_GO_IDLE_STATE;
583 	cmd.arg = 0;
584 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_NONE | MMC_CMD_BC;
585 	cmd.data = NULL;
586 	mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
587 	mmc_ms_delay(1);
588 
589 	mmcbr_set_chip_select(dev, cs_dontcare);
590 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
591 	mmc_ms_delay(1);
592 }
593 
594 static int
595 mmc_send_app_op_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr, uint32_t *rocr)
596 {
597 	struct mmc_command cmd;
598 	int err = MMC_ERR_NONE, i;
599 
600 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
601 	cmd.opcode = ACMD_SD_SEND_OP_COND;
602 	cmd.arg = ocr;
603 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R3 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
604 	cmd.data = NULL;
605 
606 	for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
607 		err = mmc_wait_for_app_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, 0, &cmd,
608 		    CMD_RETRIES);
609 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
610 			break;
611 		if ((cmd.resp[0] & MMC_OCR_CARD_BUSY) ||
612 		    (ocr & MMC_OCR_VOLTAGE) == 0)
613 			break;
614 		err = MMC_ERR_TIMEOUT;
615 		mmc_ms_delay(10);
616 	}
617 	if (rocr && err == MMC_ERR_NONE)
618 		*rocr = cmd.resp[0];
619 	return (err);
620 }
621 
622 static int
623 mmc_send_op_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr, uint32_t *rocr)
624 {
625 	struct mmc_command cmd;
626 	int err = MMC_ERR_NONE, i;
627 
628 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
629 	cmd.opcode = MMC_SEND_OP_COND;
630 	cmd.arg = ocr;
631 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R3 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
632 	cmd.data = NULL;
633 
634 	for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
635 		err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
636 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
637 			break;
638 		if ((cmd.resp[0] & MMC_OCR_CARD_BUSY) ||
639 		    (ocr & MMC_OCR_VOLTAGE) == 0)
640 			break;
641 		err = MMC_ERR_TIMEOUT;
642 		mmc_ms_delay(10);
643 	}
644 	if (rocr && err == MMC_ERR_NONE)
645 		*rocr = cmd.resp[0];
646 	return (err);
647 }
648 
649 static int
650 mmc_send_if_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint8_t vhs)
651 {
652 	struct mmc_command cmd;
653 	int err;
654 
655 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
656 	cmd.opcode = SD_SEND_IF_COND;
657 	cmd.arg = (vhs << 8) + 0xAA;
658 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R7 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
659 	cmd.data = NULL;
660 
661 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
662 	return (err);
663 }
664 
665 static void
666 mmc_power_up(struct mmc_softc *sc)
667 {
668 	device_t dev;
669 	enum mmc_vccq vccq;
670 
671 	dev = sc->dev;
672 	mmcbr_set_vdd(dev, mmc_highest_voltage(mmcbr_get_host_ocr(dev)));
673 	mmcbr_set_bus_mode(dev, opendrain);
674 	mmcbr_set_chip_select(dev, cs_dontcare);
675 	mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, bus_width_1);
676 	mmcbr_set_power_mode(dev, power_up);
677 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, 0);
678 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
679 	for (vccq = vccq_330; ; vccq--) {
680 		mmcbr_set_vccq(dev, vccq);
681 		if (mmcbr_switch_vccq(dev) == 0 || vccq == vccq_120)
682 			break;
683 	}
684 	mmc_ms_delay(1);
685 
686 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, SD_MMC_CARD_ID_FREQUENCY);
687 	mmcbr_set_timing(dev, bus_timing_normal);
688 	mmcbr_set_power_mode(dev, power_on);
689 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
690 	mmc_ms_delay(2);
691 }
692 
693 static void
694 mmc_power_down(struct mmc_softc *sc)
695 {
696 	device_t dev = sc->dev;
697 
698 	mmcbr_set_bus_mode(dev, opendrain);
699 	mmcbr_set_chip_select(dev, cs_dontcare);
700 	mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, bus_width_1);
701 	mmcbr_set_power_mode(dev, power_off);
702 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, 0);
703 	mmcbr_set_timing(dev, bus_timing_normal);
704 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
705 }
706 
707 static int
708 mmc_select_card(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca)
709 {
710 	int err, flags;
711 
712 	flags = (rca ? MMC_RSP_R1B : MMC_RSP_NONE) | MMC_CMD_AC;
713 	sc->retune_paused++;
714 	err = mmc_wait_for_command(sc, MMC_SELECT_CARD, (uint32_t)rca << 16,
715 	    flags, NULL, CMD_RETRIES);
716 	sc->retune_paused--;
717 	return (err);
718 }
719 
720 static int
721 mmc_sd_switch(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint8_t mode, uint8_t grp, uint8_t value,
722     uint8_t *res)
723 {
724 	int err;
725 	struct mmc_command cmd;
726 	struct mmc_data data;
727 
728 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
729 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
730 	memset(res, 0, 64);
731 
732 	cmd.opcode = SD_SWITCH_FUNC;
733 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
734 	cmd.arg = mode << 31;			/* 0 - check, 1 - set */
735 	cmd.arg |= 0x00FFFFFF;
736 	cmd.arg &= ~(0xF << (grp * 4));
737 	cmd.arg |= value << (grp * 4);
738 	cmd.data = &data;
739 
740 	data.data = res;
741 	data.len = 64;
742 	data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
743 
744 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
745 	return (err);
746 }
747 
748 static int
749 mmc_set_card_bus_width(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
750     enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
751 {
752 	struct mmc_command cmd;
753 	int err;
754 	uint8_t	value;
755 
756 	if (mmcbr_get_mode(sc->dev) == mode_sd) {
757 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
758 		cmd.opcode = ACMD_SET_CLR_CARD_DETECT;
759 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
760 		cmd.arg = SD_CLR_CARD_DETECT;
761 		err = mmc_wait_for_app_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca, &cmd,
762 		    CMD_RETRIES);
763 		if (err != 0)
764 			return (err);
765 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
766 		cmd.opcode = ACMD_SET_BUS_WIDTH;
767 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
768 		switch (ivar->bus_width) {
769 		case bus_width_1:
770 			cmd.arg = SD_BUS_WIDTH_1;
771 			break;
772 		case bus_width_4:
773 			cmd.arg = SD_BUS_WIDTH_4;
774 			break;
775 		default:
776 			return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
777 		}
778 		err = mmc_wait_for_app_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca, &cmd,
779 		    CMD_RETRIES);
780 	} else {
781 		switch (ivar->bus_width) {
782 		case bus_width_1:
783 			if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400 ||
784 			    timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400es)
785 				return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
786 			value = EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_1;
787 			break;
788 		case bus_width_4:
789 			switch (timing) {
790 			case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
791 				value = EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_4_DDR;
792 				break;
793 			case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
794 			case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
795 				return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
796 			default:
797 				value = EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_4;
798 				break;
799 			}
800 			break;
801 		case bus_width_8:
802 			value = 0;
803 			switch (timing) {
804 			case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
805 				value = EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_ES;
806 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
807 			case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
808 			case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
809 				value |= EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_8_DDR;
810 				break;
811 			default:
812 				value = EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_8;
813 				break;
814 			}
815 			break;
816 		default:
817 			return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
818 		}
819 		err = mmc_switch(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca,
820 		    EXT_CSD_CMD_SET_NORMAL, EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH, value,
821 		    ivar->cmd6_time, true);
822 	}
823 	return (err);
824 }
825 
826 static int
827 mmc_set_power_class(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar)
828 {
829 	device_t dev;
830 	const uint8_t *ext_csd;
831 	uint32_t clock;
832 	uint8_t value;
833 	enum mmc_bus_timing timing;
834 	enum mmc_bus_width bus_width;
835 
836 	dev = sc->dev;
837 	timing = mmcbr_get_timing(dev);
838 	bus_width = ivar->bus_width;
839 	if (mmcbr_get_mode(dev) != mode_mmc || ivar->csd.spec_vers < 4 ||
840 	    timing == bus_timing_normal || bus_width == bus_width_1)
841 		return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
842 
843 	value = 0;
844 	ext_csd = ivar->raw_ext_csd;
845 	clock = mmcbr_get_clock(dev);
846 	switch (1 << mmcbr_get_vdd(dev)) {
847 	case MMC_OCR_LOW_VOLTAGE:
848 		if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS_26_MAX)
849 			value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_26_195];
850 		else if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS_52_MAX) {
851 			if (timing >= bus_timing_mmc_ddr52 &&
852 			    bus_width >= bus_width_4)
853 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_52_195_DDR];
854 			else
855 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_52_195];
856 		} else if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS200_HS400ES_MAX)
857 			value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_200_195];
858 		break;
859 	case MMC_OCR_270_280:
860 	case MMC_OCR_280_290:
861 	case MMC_OCR_290_300:
862 	case MMC_OCR_300_310:
863 	case MMC_OCR_310_320:
864 	case MMC_OCR_320_330:
865 	case MMC_OCR_330_340:
866 	case MMC_OCR_340_350:
867 	case MMC_OCR_350_360:
868 		if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS_26_MAX)
869 			value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_26_360];
870 		else if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS_52_MAX) {
871 			if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_ddr52 &&
872 			    bus_width >= bus_width_4)
873 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_52_360_DDR];
874 			else
875 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_52_360];
876 		} else if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS200_HS400ES_MAX) {
877 			if (bus_width == bus_width_8)
878 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_200_360_DDR];
879 			else
880 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_200_360];
881 		}
882 		break;
883 	default:
884 		device_printf(dev, "No power class support for VDD 0x%x\n",
885 			1 << mmcbr_get_vdd(dev));
886 		return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
887 	}
888 
889 	if (bus_width == bus_width_8)
890 		value = (value & EXT_CSD_POWER_CLASS_8BIT_MASK) >>
891 		    EXT_CSD_POWER_CLASS_8BIT_SHIFT;
892 	else
893 		value = (value & EXT_CSD_POWER_CLASS_4BIT_MASK) >>
894 		    EXT_CSD_POWER_CLASS_4BIT_SHIFT;
895 
896 	if (value == 0)
897 		return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
898 
899 	return (mmc_switch(dev, dev, ivar->rca, EXT_CSD_CMD_SET_NORMAL,
900 	    EXT_CSD_POWER_CLASS, value, ivar->cmd6_time, true));
901 }
902 
903 static int
904 mmc_set_timing(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
905     enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
906 {
907 	u_char switch_res[64];
908 	uint8_t	value;
909 	int err;
910 
911 	if (mmcbr_get_mode(sc->dev) == mode_sd) {
912 		switch (timing) {
913 		case bus_timing_normal:
914 			value = SD_SWITCH_NORMAL_MODE;
915 			break;
916 		case bus_timing_hs:
917 			value = SD_SWITCH_HS_MODE;
918 			break;
919 		default:
920 			return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
921 		}
922 		err = mmc_sd_switch(sc, SD_SWITCH_MODE_SET, SD_SWITCH_GROUP1,
923 		    value, switch_res);
924 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
925 			return (err);
926 		if ((switch_res[16] & 0xf) != value)
927 			return (MMC_ERR_FAILED);
928 		mmcbr_set_timing(sc->dev, timing);
929 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
930 	} else {
931 		switch (timing) {
932 		case bus_timing_normal:
933 			value = EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING_BC;
934 			break;
935 		case bus_timing_hs:
936 		case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
937 			value = EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING_HS;
938 			break;
939 		case bus_timing_mmc_hs200:
940 			value = EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING_HS200;
941 			break;
942 		case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
943 		case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
944 			value = EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING_HS400;
945 			break;
946 		default:
947 			return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
948 		}
949 		err = mmc_switch(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca,
950 		    EXT_CSD_CMD_SET_NORMAL, EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING, value,
951 		    ivar->cmd6_time, false);
952 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
953 			return (err);
954 		mmcbr_set_timing(sc->dev, timing);
955 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
956 		err = mmc_switch_status(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca,
957 		    ivar->cmd6_time);
958 	}
959 	return (err);
960 }
961 
962 static int
963 mmc_set_vccq(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
964     enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
965 {
966 
967 	if (isset(&ivar->vccq_120, timing))
968 		mmcbr_set_vccq(sc->dev, vccq_120);
969 	else if (isset(&ivar->vccq_180, timing))
970 		mmcbr_set_vccq(sc->dev, vccq_180);
971 	else
972 		mmcbr_set_vccq(sc->dev, vccq_330);
973 	if (mmcbr_switch_vccq(sc->dev) != 0)
974 		return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
975 	else
976 		return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
977 }
978 
979 static const uint8_t p8[8] = {
980 	0x55, 0xAA, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
981 };
982 
983 static const uint8_t p8ok[8] = {
984 	0xAA, 0x55, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
985 };
986 
987 static const uint8_t p4[4] = {
988 	0x5A, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
989 };
990 
991 static const uint8_t p4ok[4] = {
992 	0xA5, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
993 };
994 
995 static int
996 mmc_test_bus_width(struct mmc_softc *sc)
997 {
998 	struct mmc_command cmd;
999 	struct mmc_data data;
1000 	uint8_t buf[8];
1001 	int err;
1002 
1003 	if (mmcbr_get_caps(sc->dev) & MMC_CAP_8_BIT_DATA) {
1004 		mmcbr_set_bus_width(sc->dev, bus_width_8);
1005 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
1006 
1007 		sc->squelched++; /* Errors are expected, squelch reporting. */
1008 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1009 		memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1010 		cmd.opcode = MMC_BUSTEST_W;
1011 		cmd.arg = 0;
1012 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1013 		cmd.data = &data;
1014 
1015 		data.data = __DECONST(void *, p8);
1016 		data.len = 8;
1017 		data.flags = MMC_DATA_WRITE;
1018 		mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, 0);
1019 
1020 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1021 		memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1022 		cmd.opcode = MMC_BUSTEST_R;
1023 		cmd.arg = 0;
1024 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1025 		cmd.data = &data;
1026 
1027 		data.data = buf;
1028 		data.len = 8;
1029 		data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
1030 		err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, 0);
1031 		sc->squelched--;
1032 
1033 		mmcbr_set_bus_width(sc->dev, bus_width_1);
1034 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
1035 
1036 		if (err == MMC_ERR_NONE && memcmp(buf, p8ok, 8) == 0)
1037 			return (bus_width_8);
1038 	}
1039 
1040 	if (mmcbr_get_caps(sc->dev) & MMC_CAP_4_BIT_DATA) {
1041 		mmcbr_set_bus_width(sc->dev, bus_width_4);
1042 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
1043 
1044 		sc->squelched++; /* Errors are expected, squelch reporting. */
1045 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1046 		memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1047 		cmd.opcode = MMC_BUSTEST_W;
1048 		cmd.arg = 0;
1049 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1050 		cmd.data = &data;
1051 
1052 		data.data = __DECONST(void *, p4);
1053 		data.len = 4;
1054 		data.flags = MMC_DATA_WRITE;
1055 		mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, 0);
1056 
1057 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1058 		memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1059 		cmd.opcode = MMC_BUSTEST_R;
1060 		cmd.arg = 0;
1061 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1062 		cmd.data = &data;
1063 
1064 		data.data = buf;
1065 		data.len = 4;
1066 		data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
1067 		err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, 0);
1068 		sc->squelched--;
1069 
1070 		mmcbr_set_bus_width(sc->dev, bus_width_1);
1071 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
1072 
1073 		if (err == MMC_ERR_NONE && memcmp(buf, p4ok, 4) == 0)
1074 			return (bus_width_4);
1075 	}
1076 	return (bus_width_1);
1077 }
1078 
1079 static uint32_t
1080 mmc_get_bits(uint32_t *bits, int bit_len, int start, int size)
1081 {
1082 	const int i = (bit_len / 32) - (start / 32) - 1;
1083 	const int shift = start & 31;
1084 	uint32_t retval = bits[i] >> shift;
1085 
1086 	if (size + shift > 32)
1087 		retval |= bits[i - 1] << (32 - shift);
1088 	return (retval & ((1llu << size) - 1));
1089 }
1090 
1091 static void
1092 mmc_decode_cid_sd(uint32_t *raw_cid, struct mmc_cid *cid)
1093 {
1094 	int i;
1095 
1096 	/* There's no version info, so we take it on faith */
1097 	memset(cid, 0, sizeof(*cid));
1098 	cid->mid = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 120, 8);
1099 	cid->oid = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 104, 16);
1100 	for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
1101 		cid->pnm[i] = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 96 - i * 8, 8);
1102 	cid->pnm[5] = 0;
1103 	cid->prv = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 56, 8);
1104 	cid->psn = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 24, 32);
1105 	cid->mdt_year = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 12, 8) + 2000;
1106 	cid->mdt_month = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 8, 4);
1107 }
1108 
1109 static void
1110 mmc_decode_cid_mmc(uint32_t *raw_cid, struct mmc_cid *cid, bool is_4_41p)
1111 {
1112 	int i;
1113 
1114 	/* There's no version info, so we take it on faith */
1115 	memset(cid, 0, sizeof(*cid));
1116 	cid->mid = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 120, 8);
1117 	cid->oid = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 104, 8);
1118 	for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
1119 		cid->pnm[i] = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 96 - i * 8, 8);
1120 	cid->pnm[6] = 0;
1121 	cid->prv = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 48, 8);
1122 	cid->psn = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 16, 32);
1123 	cid->mdt_month = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 12, 4);
1124 	cid->mdt_year = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 8, 4);
1125 	if (is_4_41p)
1126 		cid->mdt_year += 2013;
1127 	else
1128 		cid->mdt_year += 1997;
1129 }
1130 
1131 static void
1132 mmc_format_card_id_string(struct mmc_ivars *ivar)
1133 {
1134 	char oidstr[8];
1135 	uint8_t c1;
1136 	uint8_t c2;
1137 
1138 	/*
1139 	 * Format a card ID string for use by the mmcsd driver, it's what
1140 	 * appears between the <> in the following:
1141 	 * mmcsd0: 968MB <SD SD01G 8.0 SN 2686905 MFG 08/2008 by 3 TN> at mmc0
1142 	 * 22.5MHz/4bit/128-block
1143 	 *
1144 	 * Also format just the card serial number, which the mmcsd driver will
1145 	 * use as the disk->d_ident string.
1146 	 *
1147 	 * The card_id_string in mmc_ivars is currently allocated as 64 bytes,
1148 	 * and our max formatted length is currently 55 bytes if every field
1149 	 * contains the largest value.
1150 	 *
1151 	 * Sometimes the oid is two printable ascii chars; when it's not,
1152 	 * format it as 0xnnnn instead.
1153 	 */
1154 	c1 = (ivar->cid.oid >> 8) & 0x0ff;
1155 	c2 = ivar->cid.oid & 0x0ff;
1156 	if (c1 > 0x1f && c1 < 0x7f && c2 > 0x1f && c2 < 0x7f)
1157 		snprintf(oidstr, sizeof(oidstr), "%c%c", c1, c2);
1158 	else
1159 		snprintf(oidstr, sizeof(oidstr), "0x%04x", ivar->cid.oid);
1160 	snprintf(ivar->card_sn_string, sizeof(ivar->card_sn_string),
1161 	    "%08X", ivar->cid.psn);
1162 	snprintf(ivar->card_id_string, sizeof(ivar->card_id_string),
1163 	    "%s%s %s %d.%d SN %08X MFG %02d/%04d by %d %s",
1164 	    ivar->mode == mode_sd ? "SD" : "MMC", ivar->high_cap ? "HC" : "",
1165 	    ivar->cid.pnm, ivar->cid.prv >> 4, ivar->cid.prv & 0x0f,
1166 	    ivar->cid.psn, ivar->cid.mdt_month, ivar->cid.mdt_year,
1167 	    ivar->cid.mid, oidstr);
1168 }
1169 
1170 static const int exp[8] = {
1171 	1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000, 1000000, 10000000
1172 };
1173 
1174 static const int mant[16] = {
1175 	0, 10, 12, 13, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 80
1176 };
1177 
1178 static const int cur_min[8] = {
1179 	500, 1000, 5000, 10000, 25000, 35000, 60000, 100000
1180 };
1181 
1182 static const int cur_max[8] = {
1183 	1000, 5000, 10000, 25000, 35000, 45000, 800000, 200000
1184 };
1185 
1186 static int
1187 mmc_decode_csd_sd(uint32_t *raw_csd, struct mmc_csd *csd)
1188 {
1189 	int v;
1190 	int m;
1191 	int e;
1192 
1193 	memset(csd, 0, sizeof(*csd));
1194 	csd->csd_structure = v = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 126, 2);
1195 	if (v == 0) {
1196 		m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 115, 4);
1197 		e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 112, 3);
1198 		csd->tacc = (exp[e] * mant[m] + 9) / 10;
1199 		csd->nsac = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 104, 8) * 100;
1200 		m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 99, 4);
1201 		e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 96, 3);
1202 		csd->tran_speed = exp[e] * 10000 * mant[m];
1203 		csd->ccc = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 84, 12);
1204 		csd->read_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 80, 4);
1205 		csd->read_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 79, 1);
1206 		csd->write_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 78, 1);
1207 		csd->read_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 77, 1);
1208 		csd->dsr_imp = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 76, 1);
1209 		csd->vdd_r_curr_min =
1210 		    cur_min[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 59, 3)];
1211 		csd->vdd_r_curr_max =
1212 		    cur_max[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 56, 3)];
1213 		csd->vdd_w_curr_min =
1214 		    cur_min[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 53, 3)];
1215 		csd->vdd_w_curr_max =
1216 		    cur_max[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 50, 3)];
1217 		m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 62, 12);
1218 		e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 47, 3);
1219 		csd->capacity = ((1 + m) << (e + 2)) * csd->read_bl_len;
1220 		csd->erase_blk_en = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 46, 1);
1221 		csd->erase_sector = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 39, 7) + 1;
1222 		csd->wp_grp_size = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 32, 7);
1223 		csd->wp_grp_enable = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 31, 1);
1224 		csd->r2w_factor = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 26, 3);
1225 		csd->write_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 22, 4);
1226 		csd->write_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 21, 1);
1227 		return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
1228 	} else if (v == 1) {
1229 		m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 115, 4);
1230 		e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 112, 3);
1231 		csd->tacc = (exp[e] * mant[m] + 9) / 10;
1232 		csd->nsac = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 104, 8) * 100;
1233 		m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 99, 4);
1234 		e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 96, 3);
1235 		csd->tran_speed = exp[e] * 10000 * mant[m];
1236 		csd->ccc = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 84, 12);
1237 		csd->read_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 80, 4);
1238 		csd->read_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 79, 1);
1239 		csd->write_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 78, 1);
1240 		csd->read_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 77, 1);
1241 		csd->dsr_imp = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 76, 1);
1242 		csd->capacity = ((uint64_t)mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 48, 22) +
1243 		    1) * 512 * 1024;
1244 		csd->erase_blk_en = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 46, 1);
1245 		csd->erase_sector = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 39, 7) + 1;
1246 		csd->wp_grp_size = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 32, 7);
1247 		csd->wp_grp_enable = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 31, 1);
1248 		csd->r2w_factor = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 26, 3);
1249 		csd->write_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 22, 4);
1250 		csd->write_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 21, 1);
1251 		return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
1252 	}
1253 	return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
1254 }
1255 
1256 static void
1257 mmc_decode_csd_mmc(uint32_t *raw_csd, struct mmc_csd *csd)
1258 {
1259 	int m;
1260 	int e;
1261 
1262 	memset(csd, 0, sizeof(*csd));
1263 	csd->csd_structure = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 126, 2);
1264 	csd->spec_vers = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 122, 4);
1265 	m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 115, 4);
1266 	e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 112, 3);
1267 	csd->tacc = exp[e] * mant[m] + 9 / 10;
1268 	csd->nsac = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 104, 8) * 100;
1269 	m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 99, 4);
1270 	e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 96, 3);
1271 	csd->tran_speed = exp[e] * 10000 * mant[m];
1272 	csd->ccc = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 84, 12);
1273 	csd->read_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 80, 4);
1274 	csd->read_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 79, 1);
1275 	csd->write_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 78, 1);
1276 	csd->read_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 77, 1);
1277 	csd->dsr_imp = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 76, 1);
1278 	csd->vdd_r_curr_min = cur_min[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 59, 3)];
1279 	csd->vdd_r_curr_max = cur_max[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 56, 3)];
1280 	csd->vdd_w_curr_min = cur_min[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 53, 3)];
1281 	csd->vdd_w_curr_max = cur_max[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 50, 3)];
1282 	m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 62, 12);
1283 	e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 47, 3);
1284 	csd->capacity = ((1 + m) << (e + 2)) * csd->read_bl_len;
1285 	csd->erase_blk_en = 0;
1286 	csd->erase_sector = (mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 42, 5) + 1) *
1287 	    (mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 37, 5) + 1);
1288 	csd->wp_grp_size = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 32, 5);
1289 	csd->wp_grp_enable = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 31, 1);
1290 	csd->r2w_factor = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 26, 3);
1291 	csd->write_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 22, 4);
1292 	csd->write_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 21, 1);
1293 }
1294 
1295 static void
1296 mmc_app_decode_scr(uint32_t *raw_scr, struct mmc_scr *scr)
1297 {
1298 	unsigned int scr_struct;
1299 
1300 	memset(scr, 0, sizeof(*scr));
1301 
1302 	scr_struct = mmc_get_bits(raw_scr, 64, 60, 4);
1303 	if (scr_struct != 0) {
1304 		printf("Unrecognised SCR structure version %d\n",
1305 		    scr_struct);
1306 		return;
1307 	}
1308 	scr->sda_vsn = mmc_get_bits(raw_scr, 64, 56, 4);
1309 	scr->bus_widths = mmc_get_bits(raw_scr, 64, 48, 4);
1310 }
1311 
1312 static void
1313 mmc_app_decode_sd_status(uint32_t *raw_sd_status,
1314     struct mmc_sd_status *sd_status)
1315 {
1316 
1317 	memset(sd_status, 0, sizeof(*sd_status));
1318 
1319 	sd_status->bus_width = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 510, 2);
1320 	sd_status->secured_mode = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 509, 1);
1321 	sd_status->card_type = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 480, 16);
1322 	sd_status->prot_area = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 448, 12);
1323 	sd_status->speed_class = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 440, 8);
1324 	sd_status->perf_move = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 432, 8);
1325 	sd_status->au_size = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 428, 4);
1326 	sd_status->erase_size = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 408, 16);
1327 	sd_status->erase_timeout = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 402, 6);
1328 	sd_status->erase_offset = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 400, 2);
1329 }
1330 
1331 static int
1332 mmc_all_send_cid(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t *rawcid)
1333 {
1334 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1335 	int err;
1336 
1337 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1338 	cmd.opcode = MMC_ALL_SEND_CID;
1339 	cmd.arg = 0;
1340 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R2 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
1341 	cmd.data = NULL;
1342 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1343 	memcpy(rawcid, cmd.resp, 4 * sizeof(uint32_t));
1344 	return (err);
1345 }
1346 
1347 static int
1348 mmc_send_csd(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca, uint32_t *rawcsd)
1349 {
1350 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1351 	int err;
1352 
1353 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1354 	cmd.opcode = MMC_SEND_CSD;
1355 	cmd.arg = rca << 16;
1356 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R2 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
1357 	cmd.data = NULL;
1358 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1359 	memcpy(rawcsd, cmd.resp, 4 * sizeof(uint32_t));
1360 	return (err);
1361 }
1362 
1363 static int
1364 mmc_app_send_scr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca, uint32_t *rawscr)
1365 {
1366 	int err;
1367 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1368 	struct mmc_data data;
1369 
1370 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1371 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1372 
1373 	memset(rawscr, 0, 8);
1374 	cmd.opcode = ACMD_SEND_SCR;
1375 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1376 	cmd.arg = 0;
1377 	cmd.data = &data;
1378 
1379 	data.data = rawscr;
1380 	data.len = 8;
1381 	data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
1382 
1383 	err = mmc_wait_for_app_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, rca, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1384 	rawscr[0] = be32toh(rawscr[0]);
1385 	rawscr[1] = be32toh(rawscr[1]);
1386 	return (err);
1387 }
1388 
1389 static int
1390 mmc_app_sd_status(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca, uint32_t *rawsdstatus)
1391 {
1392 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1393 	struct mmc_data data;
1394 	int err, i;
1395 
1396 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1397 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1398 
1399 	memset(rawsdstatus, 0, 64);
1400 	cmd.opcode = ACMD_SD_STATUS;
1401 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1402 	cmd.arg = 0;
1403 	cmd.data = &data;
1404 
1405 	data.data = rawsdstatus;
1406 	data.len = 64;
1407 	data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
1408 
1409 	err = mmc_wait_for_app_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, rca, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1410 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
1411 	    rawsdstatus[i] = be32toh(rawsdstatus[i]);
1412 	return (err);
1413 }
1414 
1415 static int
1416 mmc_set_relative_addr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t resp)
1417 {
1418 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1419 	int err;
1420 
1421 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1422 	cmd.opcode = MMC_SET_RELATIVE_ADDR;
1423 	cmd.arg = resp << 16;
1424 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R6 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
1425 	cmd.data = NULL;
1426 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1427 	return (err);
1428 }
1429 
1430 static int
1431 mmc_send_relative_addr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t *resp)
1432 {
1433 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1434 	int err;
1435 
1436 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1437 	cmd.opcode = SD_SEND_RELATIVE_ADDR;
1438 	cmd.arg = 0;
1439 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R6 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
1440 	cmd.data = NULL;
1441 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1442 	*resp = cmd.resp[0];
1443 	return (err);
1444 }
1445 
1446 static int
1447 mmc_set_blocklen(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t len)
1448 {
1449 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1450 	int err;
1451 
1452 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1453 	cmd.opcode = MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN;
1454 	cmd.arg = len;
1455 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
1456 	cmd.data = NULL;
1457 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1458 	return (err);
1459 }
1460 
1461 static uint32_t
1462 mmc_timing_to_dtr(struct mmc_ivars *ivar, enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
1463 {
1464 
1465 	switch (timing) {
1466 	case bus_timing_normal:
1467 		return (ivar->tran_speed);
1468 	case bus_timing_hs:
1469 		return (ivar->hs_tran_speed);
1470 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr12:
1471 		return (SD_SDR12_MAX);
1472 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr25:
1473 		return (SD_SDR25_MAX);
1474 	case bus_timing_uhs_ddr50:
1475 		return (SD_DDR50_MAX);
1476 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr50:
1477 		return (SD_SDR50_MAX);
1478 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr104:
1479 		return (SD_SDR104_MAX);
1480 	case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
1481 		return (MMC_TYPE_DDR52_MAX);
1482 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs200:
1483 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
1484 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
1485 		return (MMC_TYPE_HS200_HS400ES_MAX);
1486 	}
1487 	return (0);
1488 }
1489 
1490 static const char *
1491 mmc_timing_to_string(enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
1492 {
1493 
1494 	switch (timing) {
1495 	case bus_timing_normal:
1496 		return ("normal speed");
1497 	case bus_timing_hs:
1498 		return ("high speed");
1499 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr12:
1500 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr25:
1501 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr50:
1502 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr104:
1503 		return ("single data rate");
1504 	case bus_timing_uhs_ddr50:
1505 	case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
1506 		return ("dual data rate");
1507 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs200:
1508 		return ("HS200");
1509 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
1510 		return ("HS400");
1511 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
1512 		return ("HS400 with enhanced strobe");
1513 	}
1514 	return ("");
1515 }
1516 
1517 static bool
1518 mmc_host_timing(device_t dev, enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
1519 {
1520 	int host_caps;
1521 
1522 	host_caps = mmcbr_get_caps(dev);
1523 
1524 #define	HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, cap) ({				\
1525 	bool retval;							\
1526 	if (((host_caps) & (cap)) == (cap))				\
1527 		retval = true;						\
1528 	else								\
1529 		retval = false;						\
1530 	retval;								\
1531 })
1532 
1533 	switch (timing) {
1534 	case bus_timing_normal:
1535 		return (true);
1536 	case bus_timing_hs:
1537 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_HSPEED));
1538 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr12:
1539 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_UHS_SDR12));
1540 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr25:
1541 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_UHS_SDR25));
1542 	case bus_timing_uhs_ddr50:
1543 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_UHS_DDR50));
1544 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr50:
1545 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_UHS_SDR50));
1546 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr104:
1547 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_UHS_SDR104));
1548 	case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
1549 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_MMC_DDR52));
1550 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs200:
1551 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_MMC_HS200));
1552 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
1553 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_MMC_HS400));
1554 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
1555 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_MMC_HS400 |
1556 		    MMC_CAP_MMC_ENH_STROBE));
1557 	}
1558 
1559 #undef HOST_TIMING_CAP
1560 
1561 	return (false);
1562 }
1563 
1564 static void
1565 mmc_log_card(device_t dev, struct mmc_ivars *ivar, int newcard)
1566 {
1567 	enum mmc_bus_timing timing;
1568 
1569 	device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address 0x%04x%s:\n",
1570 	    ivar->rca, newcard ? " added" : "");
1571 	device_printf(dev, " card: %s\n", ivar->card_id_string);
1572 	for (timing = bus_timing_max; timing > bus_timing_normal; timing--) {
1573 		if (isset(&ivar->timings, timing))
1574 			break;
1575 	}
1576 	device_printf(dev, " quirks: %b\n", ivar->quirks, MMC_QUIRKS_FMT);
1577 	device_printf(dev, " bus: %ubit, %uMHz (%s timing)\n",
1578 	    (ivar->bus_width == bus_width_1 ? 1 :
1579 	    (ivar->bus_width == bus_width_4 ? 4 : 8)),
1580 	    mmc_timing_to_dtr(ivar, timing) / 1000000,
1581 	    mmc_timing_to_string(timing));
1582 	device_printf(dev, " memory: %u blocks, erase sector %u blocks%s\n",
1583 	    ivar->sec_count, ivar->erase_sector,
1584 	    ivar->read_only ? ", read-only" : "");
1585 }
1586 
1587 static void
1588 mmc_discover_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc)
1589 {
1590 	u_char switch_res[64];
1591 	uint32_t raw_cid[4];
1592 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar = NULL;
1593 	const struct mmc_quirk *quirk;
1594 	const uint8_t *ext_csd;
1595 	device_t child;
1596 	int err, host_caps, i, newcard;
1597 	uint32_t resp, sec_count, status;
1598 	uint16_t rca = 2;
1599 	int16_t rev;
1600 	uint8_t card_type;
1601 
1602 	host_caps = mmcbr_get_caps(sc->dev);
1603 	if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
1604 		device_printf(sc->dev, "Probing cards\n");
1605 	while (1) {
1606 		child = NULL;
1607 		sc->squelched++; /* Errors are expected, squelch reporting. */
1608 		err = mmc_all_send_cid(sc, raw_cid);
1609 		sc->squelched--;
1610 		if (err == MMC_ERR_TIMEOUT)
1611 			break;
1612 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1613 			device_printf(sc->dev, "Error reading CID %d\n", err);
1614 			break;
1615 		}
1616 		newcard = 1;
1617 		for (i = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
1618 			ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
1619 			if (memcmp(ivar->raw_cid, raw_cid, sizeof(raw_cid)) ==
1620 			    0) {
1621 				newcard = 0;
1622 				break;
1623 			}
1624 		}
1625 		if (bootverbose || mmc_debug) {
1626 			device_printf(sc->dev,
1627 			    "%sard detected (CID %08x%08x%08x%08x)\n",
1628 			    newcard ? "New c" : "C",
1629 			    raw_cid[0], raw_cid[1], raw_cid[2], raw_cid[3]);
1630 		}
1631 		if (newcard) {
1632 			ivar = malloc(sizeof(struct mmc_ivars), M_DEVBUF,
1633 			    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
1634 			memcpy(ivar->raw_cid, raw_cid, sizeof(raw_cid));
1635 		}
1636 		if (mmcbr_get_ro(sc->dev))
1637 			ivar->read_only = 1;
1638 		ivar->bus_width = bus_width_1;
1639 		setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_normal);
1640 		ivar->mode = mmcbr_get_mode(sc->dev);
1641 		if (ivar->mode == mode_sd) {
1642 			mmc_decode_cid_sd(ivar->raw_cid, &ivar->cid);
1643 			err = mmc_send_relative_addr(sc, &resp);
1644 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1645 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1646 				    "Error getting RCA %d\n", err);
1647 				goto free_ivar;
1648 			}
1649 			ivar->rca = resp >> 16;
1650 			/* Get card CSD. */
1651 			err = mmc_send_csd(sc, ivar->rca, ivar->raw_csd);
1652 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1653 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1654 				    "Error getting CSD %d\n", err);
1655 				goto free_ivar;
1656 			}
1657 			if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
1658 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1659 				    "%sard detected (CSD %08x%08x%08x%08x)\n",
1660 				    newcard ? "New c" : "C", ivar->raw_csd[0],
1661 				    ivar->raw_csd[1], ivar->raw_csd[2],
1662 				    ivar->raw_csd[3]);
1663 			err = mmc_decode_csd_sd(ivar->raw_csd, &ivar->csd);
1664 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1665 				device_printf(sc->dev, "Error decoding CSD\n");
1666 				goto free_ivar;
1667 			}
1668 			ivar->sec_count = ivar->csd.capacity / MMC_SECTOR_SIZE;
1669 			if (ivar->csd.csd_structure > 0)
1670 				ivar->high_cap = 1;
1671 			ivar->tran_speed = ivar->csd.tran_speed;
1672 			ivar->erase_sector = ivar->csd.erase_sector *
1673 			    ivar->csd.write_bl_len / MMC_SECTOR_SIZE;
1674 
1675 			err = mmc_send_status(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca,
1676 			    &status);
1677 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1678 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1679 				    "Error reading card status %d\n", err);
1680 				goto free_ivar;
1681 			}
1682 			if ((status & R1_CARD_IS_LOCKED) != 0) {
1683 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1684 				    "Card is password protected, skipping\n");
1685 				goto free_ivar;
1686 			}
1687 
1688 			/* Get card SCR.  Card must be selected to fetch it. */
1689 			err = mmc_select_card(sc, ivar->rca);
1690 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1691 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1692 				    "Error selecting card %d\n", err);
1693 				goto free_ivar;
1694 			}
1695 			err = mmc_app_send_scr(sc, ivar->rca, ivar->raw_scr);
1696 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1697 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1698 				    "Error reading SCR %d\n", err);
1699 				goto free_ivar;
1700 			}
1701 			mmc_app_decode_scr(ivar->raw_scr, &ivar->scr);
1702 			/* Get card switch capabilities (command class 10). */
1703 			if ((ivar->scr.sda_vsn >= 1) &&
1704 			    (ivar->csd.ccc & (1 << 10))) {
1705 				err = mmc_sd_switch(sc, SD_SWITCH_MODE_CHECK,
1706 				    SD_SWITCH_GROUP1, SD_SWITCH_NOCHANGE,
1707 				    switch_res);
1708 				if (err == MMC_ERR_NONE &&
1709 				    switch_res[13] & (1 << SD_SWITCH_HS_MODE)) {
1710 					setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_hs);
1711 					ivar->hs_tran_speed = SD_HS_MAX;
1712 				}
1713 			}
1714 
1715 			/*
1716 			 * We deselect then reselect the card here.  Some cards
1717 			 * become unselected and timeout with the above two
1718 			 * commands, although the state tables / diagrams in the
1719 			 * standard suggest they go back to the transfer state.
1720 			 * Other cards don't become deselected, and if we
1721 			 * attempt to blindly re-select them, we get timeout
1722 			 * errors from some controllers.  So we deselect then
1723 			 * reselect to handle all situations.  The only thing we
1724 			 * use from the sd_status is the erase sector size, but
1725 			 * it is still nice to get that right.
1726 			 */
1727 			(void)mmc_select_card(sc, 0);
1728 			(void)mmc_select_card(sc, ivar->rca);
1729 			(void)mmc_app_sd_status(sc, ivar->rca,
1730 			    ivar->raw_sd_status);
1731 			mmc_app_decode_sd_status(ivar->raw_sd_status,
1732 			    &ivar->sd_status);
1733 			if (ivar->sd_status.au_size != 0) {
1734 				ivar->erase_sector =
1735 				    16 << ivar->sd_status.au_size;
1736 			}
1737 			/* Find maximum supported bus width. */
1738 			if ((host_caps & MMC_CAP_4_BIT_DATA) &&
1739 			    (ivar->scr.bus_widths & SD_SCR_BUS_WIDTH_4))
1740 				ivar->bus_width = bus_width_4;
1741 
1742 			goto child_common;
1743 		}
1744 		ivar->rca = rca++;
1745 		err = mmc_set_relative_addr(sc, ivar->rca);
1746 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1747 			device_printf(sc->dev, "Error setting RCA %d\n", err);
1748 			goto free_ivar;
1749 		}
1750 		/* Get card CSD. */
1751 		err = mmc_send_csd(sc, ivar->rca, ivar->raw_csd);
1752 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1753 			device_printf(sc->dev, "Error getting CSD %d\n", err);
1754 			goto free_ivar;
1755 		}
1756 		if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
1757 			device_printf(sc->dev,
1758 			    "%sard detected (CSD %08x%08x%08x%08x)\n",
1759 			    newcard ? "New c" : "C", ivar->raw_csd[0],
1760 			    ivar->raw_csd[1], ivar->raw_csd[2],
1761 			    ivar->raw_csd[3]);
1762 
1763 		mmc_decode_csd_mmc(ivar->raw_csd, &ivar->csd);
1764 		ivar->sec_count = ivar->csd.capacity / MMC_SECTOR_SIZE;
1765 		ivar->tran_speed = ivar->csd.tran_speed;
1766 		ivar->erase_sector = ivar->csd.erase_sector *
1767 		    ivar->csd.write_bl_len / MMC_SECTOR_SIZE;
1768 
1769 		err = mmc_send_status(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca, &status);
1770 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1771 			device_printf(sc->dev,
1772 			    "Error reading card status %d\n", err);
1773 			goto free_ivar;
1774 		}
1775 		if ((status & R1_CARD_IS_LOCKED) != 0) {
1776 			device_printf(sc->dev,
1777 			    "Card is password protected, skipping\n");
1778 			goto free_ivar;
1779 		}
1780 
1781 		err = mmc_select_card(sc, ivar->rca);
1782 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1783 			device_printf(sc->dev, "Error selecting card %d\n",
1784 			    err);
1785 			goto free_ivar;
1786 		}
1787 
1788 		rev = -1;
1789 		/* Only MMC >= 4.x devices support EXT_CSD. */
1790 		if (ivar->csd.spec_vers >= 4) {
1791 			err = mmc_send_ext_csd(sc->dev, sc->dev,
1792 			    ivar->raw_ext_csd);
1793 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1794 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1795 				    "Error reading EXT_CSD %d\n", err);
1796 				goto free_ivar;
1797 			}
1798 			ext_csd = ivar->raw_ext_csd;
1799 			rev = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_REV];
1800 			/* Handle extended capacity from EXT_CSD */
1801 			sec_count = le32dec(&ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SEC_CNT]);
1802 			if (sec_count != 0) {
1803 				ivar->sec_count = sec_count;
1804 				ivar->high_cap = 1;
1805 			}
1806 			/* Find maximum supported bus width. */
1807 			ivar->bus_width = mmc_test_bus_width(sc);
1808 			/* Get device speeds beyond normal mode. */
1809 			card_type = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE];
1810 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS_52) != 0) {
1811 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_hs);
1812 				ivar->hs_tran_speed = MMC_TYPE_HS_52_MAX;
1813 			} else if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS_26) != 0) {
1814 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_hs);
1815 				ivar->hs_tran_speed = MMC_TYPE_HS_26_MAX;
1816 			}
1817 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_DDR_52_1_2V) != 0 &&
1818 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_120) != 0) {
1819 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_ddr52);
1820 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_120, bus_timing_mmc_ddr52);
1821 			}
1822 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_DDR_52_1_8V) != 0 &&
1823 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_180) != 0) {
1824 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_ddr52);
1825 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_180, bus_timing_mmc_ddr52);
1826 			}
1827 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS200_1_2V) != 0 &&
1828 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_120) != 0) {
1829 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs200);
1830 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_120, bus_timing_mmc_hs200);
1831 			}
1832 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS200_1_8V) != 0 &&
1833 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_180) != 0) {
1834 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs200);
1835 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_180, bus_timing_mmc_hs200);
1836 			}
1837 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS400_1_2V) != 0 &&
1838 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_120) != 0 &&
1839 			    ivar->bus_width == bus_width_8) {
1840 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs400);
1841 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_120, bus_timing_mmc_hs400);
1842 			}
1843 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS400_1_8V) != 0 &&
1844 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_180) != 0 &&
1845 			    ivar->bus_width == bus_width_8) {
1846 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs400);
1847 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_180, bus_timing_mmc_hs400);
1848 			}
1849 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS400_1_2V) != 0 &&
1850 			    (ext_csd[EXT_CSD_STROBE_SUPPORT] &
1851 			    EXT_CSD_STROBE_SUPPORT_EN) != 0 &&
1852 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_120) != 0 &&
1853 			    ivar->bus_width == bus_width_8) {
1854 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs400es);
1855 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_120, bus_timing_mmc_hs400es);
1856 			}
1857 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS400_1_8V) != 0 &&
1858 			    (ext_csd[EXT_CSD_STROBE_SUPPORT] &
1859 			    EXT_CSD_STROBE_SUPPORT_EN) != 0 &&
1860 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_180) != 0 &&
1861 			    ivar->bus_width == bus_width_8) {
1862 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs400es);
1863 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_180, bus_timing_mmc_hs400es);
1864 			}
1865 			/*
1866 			 * Determine generic switch timeout (provided in
1867 			 * units of 10 ms), defaulting to 500 ms.
1868 			 */
1869 			ivar->cmd6_time = 500 * 1000;
1870 			if (rev >= 6)
1871 				ivar->cmd6_time = 10 *
1872 				    ext_csd[EXT_CSD_GEN_CMD6_TIME];
1873 			/* Handle HC erase sector size. */
1874 			if (ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ERASE_GRP_SIZE] != 0) {
1875 				ivar->erase_sector = 1024 *
1876 				    ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ERASE_GRP_SIZE];
1877 				err = mmc_switch(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca,
1878 				    EXT_CSD_CMD_SET_NORMAL,
1879 				    EXT_CSD_ERASE_GRP_DEF,
1880 				    EXT_CSD_ERASE_GRP_DEF_EN,
1881 				    ivar->cmd6_time, true);
1882 				if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1883 					device_printf(sc->dev,
1884 					    "Error setting erase group %d\n",
1885 					    err);
1886 					goto free_ivar;
1887 				}
1888 			}
1889 		}
1890 
1891 		mmc_decode_cid_mmc(ivar->raw_cid, &ivar->cid, rev >= 5);
1892 
1893 child_common:
1894 		for (quirk = &mmc_quirks[0]; quirk->mid != 0x0; quirk++) {
1895 			if ((quirk->mid == MMC_QUIRK_MID_ANY ||
1896 			    quirk->mid == ivar->cid.mid) &&
1897 			    (quirk->oid == MMC_QUIRK_OID_ANY ||
1898 			    quirk->oid == ivar->cid.oid) &&
1899 			    strncmp(quirk->pnm, ivar->cid.pnm,
1900 			    sizeof(ivar->cid.pnm)) == 0) {
1901 				ivar->quirks = quirk->quirks;
1902 				break;
1903 			}
1904 		}
1905 
1906 		/*
1907 		 * Some cards that report maximum I/O block sizes greater
1908 		 * than 512 require the block length to be set to 512, even
1909 		 * though that is supposed to be the default.  Example:
1910 		 *
1911 		 * Transcend 2GB SDSC card, CID:
1912 		 * mid=0x1b oid=0x534d pnm="00000" prv=1.0 mdt=00.2000
1913 		 */
1914 		if (ivar->csd.read_bl_len != MMC_SECTOR_SIZE ||
1915 		    ivar->csd.write_bl_len != MMC_SECTOR_SIZE)
1916 			mmc_set_blocklen(sc, MMC_SECTOR_SIZE);
1917 
1918 		mmc_format_card_id_string(ivar);
1919 
1920 		if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
1921 			mmc_log_card(sc->dev, ivar, newcard);
1922 		if (newcard) {
1923 			/* Add device. */
1924 			child = device_add_child(sc->dev, NULL, -1);
1925 			if (child != NULL) {
1926 				device_set_ivars(child, ivar);
1927 				sc->child_list = realloc(sc->child_list,
1928 				    sizeof(device_t) * sc->child_count + 1,
1929 				    M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);
1930 				sc->child_list[sc->child_count++] = child;
1931 			} else
1932 				device_printf(sc->dev, "Error adding child\n");
1933 		}
1934 
1935 free_ivar:
1936 		if (newcard && child == NULL)
1937 			free(ivar, M_DEVBUF);
1938 		(void)mmc_select_card(sc, 0);
1939 		/*
1940 		 * Not returning here when one MMC device could no be added
1941 		 * potentially would mean looping forever when that device
1942 		 * is broken (in which case it also may impact the remainder
1943 		 * of the bus anyway, though).
1944 		 */
1945 		if ((newcard && child == NULL) ||
1946 		    mmcbr_get_mode(sc->dev) == mode_sd)
1947 			return;
1948 	}
1949 }
1950 
1951 static void
1952 mmc_update_child_list(struct mmc_softc *sc)
1953 {
1954 	device_t child;
1955 	int i, j;
1956 
1957 	if (sc->child_count == 0) {
1958 		free(sc->child_list, M_DEVBUF);
1959 		return;
1960 	}
1961 	for (i = j = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
1962 		for (;;) {
1963 			child = sc->child_list[j++];
1964 			if (child != NULL)
1965 				break;
1966 		}
1967 		if (i != j)
1968 			sc->child_list[i] = child;
1969 	}
1970 	sc->child_list = realloc(sc->child_list, sizeof(device_t) *
1971 	    sc->child_count, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);
1972 }
1973 
1974 static void
1975 mmc_rescan_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc)
1976 {
1977 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
1978 	int err, i, j;
1979 
1980 	for (i = j = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
1981 		ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
1982 		if (mmc_select_card(sc, ivar->rca) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1983 			if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
1984 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1985 				    "Card at relative address %d lost\n",
1986 				    ivar->rca);
1987 			err = device_delete_child(sc->dev, sc->child_list[i]);
1988 			if (err != 0) {
1989 				j++;
1990 				continue;
1991 			}
1992 			free(ivar, M_DEVBUF);
1993 		} else
1994 			j++;
1995 	}
1996 	if (sc->child_count == j)
1997 		goto out;
1998 	sc->child_count = j;
1999 	mmc_update_child_list(sc);
2000 out:
2001 	(void)mmc_select_card(sc, 0);
2002 }
2003 
2004 static int
2005 mmc_delete_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc, bool final)
2006 {
2007 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
2008 	int err, i, j;
2009 
2010 	err = 0;
2011 	for (i = j = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
2012 		ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
2013 		if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2014 			device_printf(sc->dev,
2015 			    "Card at relative address %d deleted\n",
2016 			    ivar->rca);
2017 		err = device_delete_child(sc->dev, sc->child_list[i]);
2018 		if (err != 0) {
2019 			j++;
2020 			if (final == false)
2021 				continue;
2022 			else
2023 				break;
2024 		}
2025 		free(ivar, M_DEVBUF);
2026 	}
2027 	sc->child_count = j;
2028 	mmc_update_child_list(sc);
2029 	return (err);
2030 }
2031 
2032 static void
2033 mmc_go_discovery(struct mmc_softc *sc)
2034 {
2035 	uint32_t ocr;
2036 	device_t dev;
2037 	int err;
2038 
2039 	dev = sc->dev;
2040 	if (mmcbr_get_power_mode(dev) != power_on) {
2041 		/*
2042 		 * First, try SD modes
2043 		 */
2044 		sc->squelched++; /* Errors are expected, squelch reporting. */
2045 		mmcbr_set_mode(dev, mode_sd);
2046 		mmc_power_up(sc);
2047 		mmcbr_set_bus_mode(dev, pushpull);
2048 		if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2049 			device_printf(sc->dev, "Probing bus\n");
2050 		mmc_idle_cards(sc);
2051 		err = mmc_send_if_cond(sc, 1);
2052 		if ((bootverbose || mmc_debug) && err == 0)
2053 			device_printf(sc->dev,
2054 			    "SD 2.0 interface conditions: OK\n");
2055 		if (mmc_send_app_op_cond(sc, 0, &ocr) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2056 			if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2057 				device_printf(sc->dev, "SD probe: failed\n");
2058 			/*
2059 			 * Failed, try MMC
2060 			 */
2061 			mmcbr_set_mode(dev, mode_mmc);
2062 			if (mmc_send_op_cond(sc, 0, &ocr) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2063 				if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2064 					device_printf(sc->dev,
2065 					    "MMC probe: failed\n");
2066 				ocr = 0; /* Failed both, powerdown. */
2067 			} else if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2068 				device_printf(sc->dev,
2069 				    "MMC probe: OK (OCR: 0x%08x)\n", ocr);
2070 		} else if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2071 			device_printf(sc->dev, "SD probe: OK (OCR: 0x%08x)\n",
2072 			    ocr);
2073 		sc->squelched--;
2074 
2075 		mmcbr_set_ocr(dev, mmc_select_vdd(sc, ocr));
2076 		if (mmcbr_get_ocr(dev) != 0)
2077 			mmc_idle_cards(sc);
2078 	} else {
2079 		mmcbr_set_bus_mode(dev, opendrain);
2080 		mmcbr_set_clock(dev, SD_MMC_CARD_ID_FREQUENCY);
2081 		mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2082 		/* XXX recompute vdd based on new cards? */
2083 	}
2084 	/*
2085 	 * Make sure that we have a mutually agreeable voltage to at least
2086 	 * one card on the bus.
2087 	 */
2088 	if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2089 		device_printf(sc->dev, "Current OCR: 0x%08x\n",
2090 		    mmcbr_get_ocr(dev));
2091 	if (mmcbr_get_ocr(dev) == 0) {
2092 		device_printf(sc->dev, "No compatible cards found on bus\n");
2093 		(void)mmc_delete_cards(sc, false);
2094 		mmc_power_down(sc);
2095 		return;
2096 	}
2097 	/*
2098 	 * Reselect the cards after we've idled them above.
2099 	 */
2100 	if (mmcbr_get_mode(dev) == mode_sd) {
2101 		err = mmc_send_if_cond(sc, 1);
2102 		mmc_send_app_op_cond(sc,
2103 		    (err ? 0 : MMC_OCR_CCS) | mmcbr_get_ocr(dev), NULL);
2104 	} else
2105 		mmc_send_op_cond(sc, MMC_OCR_CCS | mmcbr_get_ocr(dev), NULL);
2106 	mmc_discover_cards(sc);
2107 	mmc_rescan_cards(sc);
2108 
2109 	mmcbr_set_bus_mode(dev, pushpull);
2110 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2111 	mmc_calculate_clock(sc);
2112 }
2113 
2114 static int
2115 mmc_calculate_clock(struct mmc_softc *sc)
2116 {
2117 	device_t dev;
2118 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
2119 	int i;
2120 	uint32_t dtr, max_dtr;
2121 	uint16_t rca;
2122 	enum mmc_bus_timing max_timing, timing;
2123 	bool changed, hs400;
2124 
2125 	dev = sc->dev;
2126 	max_dtr = mmcbr_get_f_max(dev);
2127 	max_timing = bus_timing_max;
2128 	do {
2129 		changed = false;
2130 		for (i = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
2131 			ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
2132 			if (isclr(&ivar->timings, max_timing) ||
2133 			    !mmc_host_timing(dev, max_timing)) {
2134 				for (timing = max_timing - 1; timing >=
2135 				    bus_timing_normal; timing--) {
2136 					if (isset(&ivar->timings, timing) &&
2137 					    mmc_host_timing(dev, timing)) {
2138 						max_timing = timing;
2139 						break;
2140 					}
2141 				}
2142 				changed = true;
2143 			}
2144 			dtr = mmc_timing_to_dtr(ivar, max_timing);
2145 			if (dtr < max_dtr) {
2146 				max_dtr = dtr;
2147 				changed = true;
2148 			}
2149 		}
2150 	} while (changed == true);
2151 
2152 	if (bootverbose || mmc_debug) {
2153 		device_printf(dev,
2154 		    "setting transfer rate to %d.%03dMHz (%s timing)\n",
2155 		    max_dtr / 1000000, (max_dtr / 1000) % 1000,
2156 		    mmc_timing_to_string(max_timing));
2157 	}
2158 
2159 	/*
2160 	 * HS400 must be tuned in HS200 mode, so in case of HS400 we begin
2161 	 * with HS200 following the sequence as described in "6.6.2.2 HS200
2162 	 * timing mode selection" of the eMMC specification v5.1, too, and
2163 	 * switch to max_timing later.  HS400ES requires no tuning and, thus,
2164 	 * can be switch to directly, but requires the same detour via high
2165 	 * speed mode as does HS400 (see mmc_switch_to_hs400()).
2166 	 */
2167 	hs400 = max_timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400;
2168 	timing = hs400 == true ? bus_timing_mmc_hs200 : max_timing;
2169 	for (i = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
2170 		ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
2171 		if ((ivar->timings & ~(1 << bus_timing_normal)) == 0)
2172 			goto clock;
2173 
2174 		rca = ivar->rca;
2175 		if (mmc_select_card(sc, rca) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2176 			device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address %d "
2177 			    "failed to select\n", rca);
2178 			continue;
2179 		}
2180 
2181 		if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs200 ||	/* includes HS400 */
2182 		    timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400es) {
2183 			if (mmc_set_vccq(sc, ivar, timing) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2184 				device_printf(dev, "Failed to set VCCQ for "
2185 				    "card at relative address %d\n", rca);
2186 				continue;
2187 			}
2188 		}
2189 
2190 		if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs200) {	/* includes HS400 */
2191 			/* Set bus width (required for initial tuning). */
2192 			if (mmc_set_card_bus_width(sc, ivar, timing) !=
2193 			    MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2194 				device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address "
2195 				    "%d failed to set bus width\n", rca);
2196 				continue;
2197 			}
2198 			mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, ivar->bus_width);
2199 			mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2200 		} else if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400es) {
2201 			if (mmc_switch_to_hs400(sc, ivar, max_dtr, timing) !=
2202 			    MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2203 				device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address "
2204 				    "%d failed to set %s timing\n", rca,
2205 				    mmc_timing_to_string(timing));
2206 				continue;
2207 			}
2208 			goto power_class;
2209 		}
2210 
2211 		if (mmc_set_timing(sc, ivar, timing) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2212 			device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address %d "
2213 			    "failed to set %s timing\n", rca,
2214 			    mmc_timing_to_string(timing));
2215 			continue;
2216 		}
2217 
2218 		if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_ddr52) {
2219 			/*
2220 			 * Set EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_n_DDR in EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH
2221 			 * (must be done after switching to EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING).
2222 			 */
2223 			if (mmc_set_card_bus_width(sc, ivar, timing) !=
2224 			    MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2225 				device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address "
2226 				    "%d failed to set bus width\n", rca);
2227 				continue;
2228 			}
2229 			mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, ivar->bus_width);
2230 			mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2231 			if (mmc_set_vccq(sc, ivar, timing) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2232 				device_printf(dev, "Failed to set VCCQ for "
2233 				    "card at relative address %d\n", rca);
2234 				continue;
2235 			}
2236 		}
2237 
2238 clock:
2239 		/* Set clock (must be done before initial tuning). */
2240 		mmcbr_set_clock(dev, max_dtr);
2241 		mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2242 
2243 		if (mmcbr_tune(dev, hs400) != 0) {
2244 			device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address %d "
2245 			    "failed to execute initial tuning\n", rca);
2246 			continue;
2247 		}
2248 
2249 		if (hs400 == true && mmc_switch_to_hs400(sc, ivar, max_dtr,
2250 		    max_timing) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2251 			device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address %d "
2252 			    "failed to set %s timing\n", rca,
2253 			    mmc_timing_to_string(max_timing));
2254 			continue;
2255 		}
2256 
2257 power_class:
2258 		if (mmc_set_power_class(sc, ivar) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2259 			device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address %d "
2260 			    "failed to set power class\n", rca);
2261 		}
2262 	}
2263 	(void)mmc_select_card(sc, 0);
2264 	return (max_dtr);
2265 }
2266 
2267 /*
2268  * Switch from HS200 to HS400 (either initially or for re-tuning) or directly
2269  * to HS400ES.  This follows the sequences described in "6.6.2.3 HS400 timing
2270  * mode selection" of the eMMC specification v5.1.
2271  */
2272 static int
2273 mmc_switch_to_hs400(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
2274     uint32_t clock, enum mmc_bus_timing max_timing)
2275 {
2276 	device_t dev;
2277 	int err;
2278 	uint16_t rca;
2279 
2280 	dev = sc->dev;
2281 	rca = ivar->rca;
2282 
2283 	/*
2284 	 * Both clock and timing must be set as appropriate for high speed
2285 	 * before eventually switching to HS400/HS400ES; mmc_set_timing()
2286 	 * will issue mmcbr_update_ios().
2287 	 */
2288 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, ivar->hs_tran_speed);
2289 	err = mmc_set_timing(sc, ivar, bus_timing_hs);
2290 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2291 		return (err);
2292 
2293 	/*
2294 	 * Set EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_8_DDR in EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH (and additionally
2295 	 * EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_ES for HS400ES).
2296 	 */
2297 	err = mmc_set_card_bus_width(sc, ivar, max_timing);
2298 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2299 		return (err);
2300 	mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, ivar->bus_width);
2301 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2302 
2303 	/* Finally, switch to HS400/HS400ES mode. */
2304 	err = mmc_set_timing(sc, ivar, max_timing);
2305 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2306 		return (err);
2307 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, clock);
2308 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2309 	return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
2310 }
2311 
2312 /*
2313  * Switch from HS400 to HS200 (for re-tuning).
2314  */
2315 static int
2316 mmc_switch_to_hs200(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
2317     uint32_t clock)
2318 {
2319 	device_t dev;
2320 	int err;
2321 	uint16_t rca;
2322 
2323 	dev = sc->dev;
2324 	rca = ivar->rca;
2325 
2326 	/*
2327 	 * Both clock and timing must initially be set as appropriate for
2328 	 * DDR52 before eventually switching to HS200; mmc_set_timing()
2329 	 * will issue mmcbr_update_ios().
2330 	 */
2331 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, ivar->hs_tran_speed);
2332 	err = mmc_set_timing(sc, ivar, bus_timing_mmc_ddr52);
2333 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2334 		return (err);
2335 
2336 	/*
2337 	 * Next, switch to high speed.  Thus, clear EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_n_DDR
2338 	 * in EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH and update bus width and timing in ios.
2339 	 */
2340 	err = mmc_set_card_bus_width(sc, ivar, bus_timing_hs);
2341 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2342 		return (err);
2343 	mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, ivar->bus_width);
2344 	mmcbr_set_timing(sc->dev, bus_timing_hs);
2345 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2346 
2347 	/* Finally, switch to HS200 mode. */
2348 	err = mmc_set_timing(sc, ivar, bus_timing_mmc_hs200);
2349 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2350 		return (err);
2351 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, clock);
2352 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2353 	return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
2354 }
2355 
2356 static int
2357 mmc_retune(device_t busdev, device_t dev, bool reset)
2358 {
2359 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
2360 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
2361 	int err;
2362 	uint32_t clock;
2363 	enum mmc_bus_timing timing;
2364 
2365 	if (device_get_parent(dev) != busdev)
2366 		return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
2367 
2368 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
2369 	if (sc->retune_needed != 1 && sc->retune_paused != 0)
2370 		return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
2371 
2372 	timing = mmcbr_get_timing(busdev);
2373 	if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400) {
2374 		/*
2375 		 * Controllers use the data strobe line to latch data from
2376 		 * the devices in HS400 mode so periodic re-tuning isn't
2377 		 * expected to be required, i. e. only if a CRC or tuning
2378 		 * error is signaled to the bridge.  In these latter cases
2379 		 * we are asked to reset the tuning circuit and need to do
2380 		 * the switch timing dance.
2381 		 */
2382 		if (reset == false)
2383 			return (0);
2384 		ivar = device_get_ivars(dev);
2385 		clock = mmcbr_get_clock(busdev);
2386 		if (mmc_switch_to_hs200(sc, ivar, clock) != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2387 			return (MMC_ERR_BADCRC);
2388 	}
2389 	err = mmcbr_retune(busdev, reset);
2390 	if (err != 0 && timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400)
2391 		return (MMC_ERR_BADCRC);
2392 	switch (err) {
2393 	case 0:
2394 		break;
2395 	case EIO:
2396 		return (MMC_ERR_FAILED);
2397 	default:
2398 		return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
2399 	}
2400 	if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400) {
2401 		if (mmc_switch_to_hs400(sc, ivar, clock, timing) !=
2402 		    MMC_ERR_NONE)
2403 			return (MMC_ERR_BADCRC);
2404 	}
2405 	return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
2406 }
2407 
2408 static void
2409 mmc_retune_pause(device_t busdev, device_t dev, bool retune)
2410 {
2411 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
2412 
2413 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
2414 	KASSERT(device_get_parent(dev) == busdev,
2415 	    ("%s: %s is not a child of %s", __func__, device_get_nameunit(dev),
2416 	    device_get_nameunit(busdev)));
2417 	KASSERT(sc->owner != NULL,
2418 	    ("%s: Request from %s without bus being acquired.", __func__,
2419 	    device_get_nameunit(dev)));
2420 
2421 	if (retune == true && sc->retune_paused == 0)
2422 		sc->retune_needed = 1;
2423 	sc->retune_paused++;
2424 }
2425 
2426 static void
2427 mmc_retune_unpause(device_t busdev, device_t dev)
2428 {
2429 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
2430 
2431 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
2432 	KASSERT(device_get_parent(dev) == busdev,
2433 	    ("%s: %s is not a child of %s", __func__, device_get_nameunit(dev),
2434 	    device_get_nameunit(busdev)));
2435 	KASSERT(sc->owner != NULL,
2436 	    ("%s: Request from %s without bus being acquired.", __func__,
2437 	    device_get_nameunit(dev)));
2438 	KASSERT(sc->retune_paused != 0,
2439 	    ("%s: Re-tune pause count already at 0", __func__));
2440 
2441 	sc->retune_paused--;
2442 }
2443 
2444 static void
2445 mmc_scan(struct mmc_softc *sc)
2446 {
2447 	device_t dev = sc->dev;
2448 	int err;
2449 
2450 	err = mmc_acquire_bus(dev, dev);
2451 	if (err != 0) {
2452 		device_printf(dev, "Failed to acquire bus for scanning\n");
2453 		return;
2454 	}
2455 	mmc_go_discovery(sc);
2456 	err = mmc_release_bus(dev, dev);
2457 	if (err != 0) {
2458 		device_printf(dev, "Failed to release bus after scanning\n");
2459 		return;
2460 	}
2461 	(void)bus_generic_attach(dev);
2462 }
2463 
2464 static int
2465 mmc_read_ivar(device_t bus, device_t child, int which, uintptr_t *result)
2466 {
2467 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar = device_get_ivars(child);
2468 
2469 	switch (which) {
2470 	default:
2471 		return (EINVAL);
2472 	case MMC_IVAR_SPEC_VERS:
2473 		*result = ivar->csd.spec_vers;
2474 		break;
2475 	case MMC_IVAR_DSR_IMP:
2476 		*result = ivar->csd.dsr_imp;
2477 		break;
2478 	case MMC_IVAR_MEDIA_SIZE:
2479 		*result = ivar->sec_count;
2480 		break;
2481 	case MMC_IVAR_RCA:
2482 		*result = ivar->rca;
2483 		break;
2484 	case MMC_IVAR_SECTOR_SIZE:
2485 		*result = MMC_SECTOR_SIZE;
2486 		break;
2487 	case MMC_IVAR_TRAN_SPEED:
2488 		*result = mmcbr_get_clock(bus);
2489 		break;
2490 	case MMC_IVAR_READ_ONLY:
2491 		*result = ivar->read_only;
2492 		break;
2493 	case MMC_IVAR_HIGH_CAP:
2494 		*result = ivar->high_cap;
2495 		break;
2496 	case MMC_IVAR_CARD_TYPE:
2497 		*result = ivar->mode;
2498 		break;
2499 	case MMC_IVAR_BUS_WIDTH:
2500 		*result = ivar->bus_width;
2501 		break;
2502 	case MMC_IVAR_ERASE_SECTOR:
2503 		*result = ivar->erase_sector;
2504 		break;
2505 	case MMC_IVAR_MAX_DATA:
2506 		*result = mmcbr_get_max_data(bus);
2507 		break;
2508 	case MMC_IVAR_CMD6_TIMEOUT:
2509 		*result = ivar->cmd6_time;
2510 		break;
2511 	case MMC_IVAR_QUIRKS:
2512 		*result = ivar->quirks;
2513 		break;
2514 	case MMC_IVAR_CARD_ID_STRING:
2515 		*(char **)result = ivar->card_id_string;
2516 		break;
2517 	case MMC_IVAR_CARD_SN_STRING:
2518 		*(char **)result = ivar->card_sn_string;
2519 		break;
2520 	}
2521 	return (0);
2522 }
2523 
2524 static int
2525 mmc_write_ivar(device_t bus, device_t child, int which, uintptr_t value)
2526 {
2527 
2528 	/*
2529 	 * None are writable ATM
2530 	 */
2531 	return (EINVAL);
2532 }
2533 
2534 static void
2535 mmc_delayed_attach(void *xsc)
2536 {
2537 	struct mmc_softc *sc = xsc;
2538 
2539 	mmc_scan(sc);
2540 	config_intrhook_disestablish(&sc->config_intrhook);
2541 }
2542 
2543 static int
2544 mmc_child_location_str(device_t dev, device_t child, char *buf,
2545     size_t buflen)
2546 {
2547 
2548 	snprintf(buf, buflen, "rca=0x%04x", mmc_get_rca(child));
2549 	return (0);
2550 }
2551 
2552 static device_method_t mmc_methods[] = {
2553 	/* device_if */
2554 	DEVMETHOD(device_probe, mmc_probe),
2555 	DEVMETHOD(device_attach, mmc_attach),
2556 	DEVMETHOD(device_detach, mmc_detach),
2557 	DEVMETHOD(device_suspend, mmc_suspend),
2558 	DEVMETHOD(device_resume, mmc_resume),
2559 
2560 	/* Bus interface */
2561 	DEVMETHOD(bus_read_ivar, mmc_read_ivar),
2562 	DEVMETHOD(bus_write_ivar, mmc_write_ivar),
2563 	DEVMETHOD(bus_child_location_str, mmc_child_location_str),
2564 
2565 	/* MMC Bus interface */
2566 	DEVMETHOD(mmcbus_retune_pause, mmc_retune_pause),
2567 	DEVMETHOD(mmcbus_retune_unpause, mmc_retune_unpause),
2568 	DEVMETHOD(mmcbus_wait_for_request, mmc_wait_for_request),
2569 	DEVMETHOD(mmcbus_acquire_bus, mmc_acquire_bus),
2570 	DEVMETHOD(mmcbus_release_bus, mmc_release_bus),
2571 
2572 	DEVMETHOD_END
2573 };
2574 
2575 driver_t mmc_driver = {
2576 	"mmc",
2577 	mmc_methods,
2578 	sizeof(struct mmc_softc),
2579 };
2580 devclass_t mmc_devclass;
2581 
2582 MODULE_VERSION(mmc, MMC_VERSION);
2583