xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/mmc/mmc.c (revision 031beb4e239bfce798af17f5fe8dba8bcaf13d99)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2006 Bernd Walter.  All rights reserved.
5  * Copyright (c) 2006 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
6  * Copyright (c) 2017 Marius Strobl <marius@FreeBSD.org>
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  *
28  * Portions of this software may have been developed with reference to
29  * the SD Simplified Specification.  The following disclaimer may apply:
30  *
31  * The following conditions apply to the release of the simplified
32  * specification ("Simplified Specification") by the SD Card Association and
33  * the SD Group. The Simplified Specification is a subset of the complete SD
34  * Specification which is owned by the SD Card Association and the SD
35  * Group. This Simplified Specification is provided on a non-confidential
36  * basis subject to the disclaimers below. Any implementation of the
37  * Simplified Specification may require a license from the SD Card
38  * Association, SD Group, SD-3C LLC or other third parties.
39  *
40  * Disclaimers:
41  *
42  * The information contained in the Simplified Specification is presented only
43  * as a standard specification for SD Cards and SD Host/Ancillary products and
44  * is provided "AS-IS" without any representations or warranties of any
45  * kind. No responsibility is assumed by the SD Group, SD-3C LLC or the SD
46  * Card Association for any damages, any infringements of patents or other
47  * right of the SD Group, SD-3C LLC, the SD Card Association or any third
48  * parties, which may result from its use. No license is granted by
49  * implication, estoppel or otherwise under any patent or other rights of the
50  * SD Group, SD-3C LLC, the SD Card Association or any third party. Nothing
51  * herein shall be construed as an obligation by the SD Group, the SD-3C LLC
52  * or the SD Card Association to disclose or distribute any technical
53  * information, know-how or other confidential information to any third party.
54  */
55 
56 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
57 #include <sys/param.h>
58 #include <sys/systm.h>
59 #include <sys/kernel.h>
60 #include <sys/malloc.h>
61 #include <sys/lock.h>
62 #include <sys/module.h>
63 #include <sys/mutex.h>
64 #include <sys/bus.h>
65 #include <sys/endian.h>
66 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
67 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
68 #include <sys/time.h>
69 
70 #include <dev/mmc/bridge.h>
71 #include <dev/mmc/mmc_private.h>
72 #include <dev/mmc/mmc_subr.h>
73 #include <dev/mmc/mmcreg.h>
74 #include <dev/mmc/mmcbrvar.h>
75 #include <dev/mmc/mmcvar.h>
76 
77 #include "mmcbr_if.h"
78 #include "mmcbus_if.h"
79 
80 CTASSERT(bus_timing_max <= sizeof(uint32_t) * NBBY);
81 
82 /*
83  * Per-card data
84  */
85 struct mmc_ivars {
86 	uint32_t raw_cid[4];	/* Raw bits of the CID */
87 	uint32_t raw_csd[4];	/* Raw bits of the CSD */
88 	uint32_t raw_scr[2];	/* Raw bits of the SCR */
89 	uint8_t raw_ext_csd[MMC_EXTCSD_SIZE]; /* Raw bits of the EXT_CSD */
90 	uint32_t raw_sd_status[16];	/* Raw bits of the SD_STATUS */
91 	uint16_t rca;
92 	u_char read_only;	/* True when the device is read-only */
93 	u_char high_cap;	/* High Capacity device (block addressed) */
94 	enum mmc_card_mode mode;
95 	enum mmc_bus_width bus_width;	/* Bus width to use */
96 	struct mmc_cid cid;	/* cid decoded */
97 	struct mmc_csd csd;	/* csd decoded */
98 	struct mmc_scr scr;	/* scr decoded */
99 	struct mmc_sd_status sd_status;	/* SD_STATUS decoded */
100 	uint32_t sec_count;	/* Card capacity in 512byte blocks */
101 	uint32_t timings;	/* Mask of bus timings supported */
102 	uint32_t vccq_120;	/* Mask of bus timings at VCCQ of 1.2 V */
103 	uint32_t vccq_180;	/* Mask of bus timings at VCCQ of 1.8 V */
104 	uint32_t tran_speed;	/* Max speed in normal mode */
105 	uint32_t hs_tran_speed;	/* Max speed in high speed mode */
106 	uint32_t erase_sector;	/* Card native erase sector size */
107 	uint32_t cmd6_time;	/* Generic switch timeout [us] */
108 	uint32_t quirks;	/* Quirks as per mmc_quirk->quirks */
109 	char card_id_string[64];/* Formatted CID info (serial, MFG, etc) */
110 	char card_sn_string[16];/* Formatted serial # for disk->d_ident */
111 };
112 
113 #define	CMD_RETRIES	3
114 
115 static const struct mmc_quirk mmc_quirks[] = {
116 	/*
117 	 * For some SanDisk iNAND devices, the CMD38 argument needs to be
118 	 * provided in EXT_CSD[113].
119 	 */
120 	{ 0x2, 0x100,	 		"SEM02G", MMC_QUIRK_INAND_CMD38 },
121 	{ 0x2, 0x100,			"SEM04G", MMC_QUIRK_INAND_CMD38 },
122 	{ 0x2, 0x100,			"SEM08G", MMC_QUIRK_INAND_CMD38 },
123 	{ 0x2, 0x100,			"SEM16G", MMC_QUIRK_INAND_CMD38 },
124 	{ 0x2, 0x100,			"SEM32G", MMC_QUIRK_INAND_CMD38 },
125 
126 	/*
127 	 * Disable TRIM for Kingston eMMCs where a firmware bug can lead to
128 	 * unrecoverable data corruption.
129 	 */
130 	{ 0x70, MMC_QUIRK_OID_ANY,	"V10008", MMC_QUIRK_BROKEN_TRIM },
131 	{ 0x70, MMC_QUIRK_OID_ANY,	"V10016", MMC_QUIRK_BROKEN_TRIM },
132 	{ 0x0, 0x0, NULL, 0x0 }
133 };
134 
135 static SYSCTL_NODE(_hw, OID_AUTO, mmc, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, NULL,
136     "mmc driver");
137 
138 static int mmc_debug;
139 SYSCTL_INT(_hw_mmc, OID_AUTO, debug, CTLFLAG_RWTUN, &mmc_debug, 0,
140     "Debug level");
141 
142 /* bus entry points */
143 static int mmc_acquire_bus(device_t busdev, device_t dev);
144 static int mmc_attach(device_t dev);
145 static int mmc_child_location(device_t dev, device_t child, struct sbuf *sb);
146 static int mmc_detach(device_t dev);
147 static int mmc_probe(device_t dev);
148 static int mmc_read_ivar(device_t bus, device_t child, int which,
149     uintptr_t *result);
150 static int mmc_release_bus(device_t busdev, device_t dev);
151 static int mmc_resume(device_t dev);
152 static void mmc_retune_pause(device_t busdev, device_t dev, bool retune);
153 static void mmc_retune_unpause(device_t busdev, device_t dev);
154 static int mmc_suspend(device_t dev);
155 static int mmc_wait_for_request(device_t busdev, device_t dev,
156     struct mmc_request *req);
157 static int mmc_write_ivar(device_t bus, device_t child, int which,
158     uintptr_t value);
159 
160 #define	MMC_LOCK(_sc)		mtx_lock(&(_sc)->sc_mtx)
161 #define	MMC_UNLOCK(_sc)		mtx_unlock(&(_sc)->sc_mtx)
162 #define	MMC_LOCK_INIT(_sc)						\
163 	mtx_init(&(_sc)->sc_mtx, device_get_nameunit((_sc)->dev),	\
164 	    "mmc", MTX_DEF)
165 #define	MMC_LOCK_DESTROY(_sc)	mtx_destroy(&(_sc)->sc_mtx);
166 #define	MMC_ASSERT_LOCKED(_sc)	mtx_assert(&(_sc)->sc_mtx, MA_OWNED);
167 #define	MMC_ASSERT_UNLOCKED(_sc) mtx_assert(&(_sc)->sc_mtx, MA_NOTOWNED);
168 
169 static int mmc_all_send_cid(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t *rawcid);
170 static void mmc_app_decode_scr(uint32_t *raw_scr, struct mmc_scr *scr);
171 static void mmc_app_decode_sd_status(uint32_t *raw_sd_status,
172     struct mmc_sd_status *sd_status);
173 static int mmc_app_sd_status(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca,
174     uint32_t *rawsdstatus);
175 static int mmc_app_send_scr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca,
176     uint32_t *rawscr);
177 static int mmc_calculate_clock(struct mmc_softc *sc);
178 static void mmc_decode_cid_mmc(uint32_t *raw_cid, struct mmc_cid *cid,
179     bool is_4_41p);
180 static void mmc_decode_cid_sd(uint32_t *raw_cid, struct mmc_cid *cid);
181 static void mmc_decode_csd_mmc(uint32_t *raw_csd, struct mmc_csd *csd);
182 static int mmc_decode_csd_sd(uint32_t *raw_csd, struct mmc_csd *csd);
183 static void mmc_delayed_attach(void *xsc);
184 static int mmc_delete_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc, bool final);
185 static void mmc_discover_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc);
186 static void mmc_format_card_id_string(struct mmc_ivars *ivar);
187 static void mmc_go_discovery(struct mmc_softc *sc);
188 static uint32_t mmc_get_bits(uint32_t *bits, int bit_len, int start,
189     int size);
190 static int mmc_highest_voltage(uint32_t ocr);
191 static bool mmc_host_timing(device_t dev, enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
192 static void mmc_idle_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc);
193 static void mmc_ms_delay(int ms);
194 static void mmc_log_card(device_t dev, struct mmc_ivars *ivar, int newcard);
195 static void mmc_power_down(struct mmc_softc *sc);
196 static void mmc_power_up(struct mmc_softc *sc);
197 static void mmc_rescan_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc);
198 static int mmc_retune(device_t busdev, device_t dev, bool reset);
199 static void mmc_scan(struct mmc_softc *sc);
200 static int mmc_sd_switch(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint8_t mode, uint8_t grp,
201     uint8_t value, uint8_t *res);
202 static int mmc_select_card(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca);
203 static uint32_t mmc_select_vdd(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr);
204 static int mmc_send_app_op_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr,
205     uint32_t *rocr);
206 static int mmc_send_csd(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca, uint32_t *rawcsd);
207 static int mmc_send_if_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint8_t vhs);
208 static int mmc_send_op_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr,
209     uint32_t *rocr);
210 static int mmc_send_relative_addr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t *resp);
211 static int mmc_set_blocklen(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t len);
212 static int mmc_set_card_bus_width(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
213     enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
214 static int mmc_set_power_class(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar);
215 static int mmc_set_relative_addr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t resp);
216 static int mmc_set_timing(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
217     enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
218 static int mmc_set_vccq(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
219     enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
220 static int mmc_switch_to_hs200(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
221     uint32_t clock);
222 static int mmc_switch_to_hs400(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
223     uint32_t max_dtr, enum mmc_bus_timing max_timing);
224 static int mmc_test_bus_width(struct mmc_softc *sc);
225 static uint32_t mmc_timing_to_dtr(struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
226     enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
227 static const char *mmc_timing_to_string(enum mmc_bus_timing timing);
228 static void mmc_update_child_list(struct mmc_softc *sc);
229 static int mmc_wait_for_command(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t opcode,
230     uint32_t arg, uint32_t flags, uint32_t *resp, int retries);
231 static int mmc_wait_for_req(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_request *req);
232 static void mmc_wakeup(struct mmc_request *req);
233 
234 static void
235 mmc_ms_delay(int ms)
236 {
237 
238 	DELAY(1000 * ms);	/* XXX BAD */
239 }
240 
241 static int
242 mmc_probe(device_t dev)
243 {
244 
245 	device_set_desc(dev, "MMC/SD bus");
246 	return (0);
247 }
248 
249 static int
250 mmc_attach(device_t dev)
251 {
252 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
253 
254 	sc = device_get_softc(dev);
255 	sc->dev = dev;
256 	MMC_LOCK_INIT(sc);
257 
258 	/* We'll probe and attach our children later, but before / mount */
259 	sc->config_intrhook.ich_func = mmc_delayed_attach;
260 	sc->config_intrhook.ich_arg = sc;
261 	if (config_intrhook_establish(&sc->config_intrhook) != 0)
262 		device_printf(dev, "config_intrhook_establish failed\n");
263 	return (0);
264 }
265 
266 static int
267 mmc_detach(device_t dev)
268 {
269 	struct mmc_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
270 	int err;
271 
272 	config_intrhook_drain(&sc->config_intrhook);
273 	err = mmc_delete_cards(sc, true);
274 	if (err != 0)
275 		return (err);
276 	mmc_power_down(sc);
277 	MMC_LOCK_DESTROY(sc);
278 
279 	return (0);
280 }
281 
282 static int
283 mmc_suspend(device_t dev)
284 {
285 	struct mmc_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
286 	int err;
287 
288 	err = bus_generic_suspend(dev);
289 	if (err != 0)
290 		return (err);
291 	/*
292 	 * We power down with the bus acquired here, mainly so that no device
293 	 * is selected any longer and sc->last_rca gets set to 0.  Otherwise,
294 	 * the deselect as part of the bus acquisition in mmc_scan() may fail
295 	 * during resume, as the bus isn't powered up again before later in
296 	 * mmc_go_discovery().
297 	 */
298 	err = mmc_acquire_bus(dev, dev);
299 	if (err != 0)
300 		return (err);
301 	mmc_power_down(sc);
302 	err = mmc_release_bus(dev, dev);
303 	return (err);
304 }
305 
306 static int
307 mmc_resume(device_t dev)
308 {
309 	struct mmc_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
310 
311 	mmc_scan(sc);
312 	return (bus_generic_resume(dev));
313 }
314 
315 static int
316 mmc_acquire_bus(device_t busdev, device_t dev)
317 {
318 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
319 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
320 	int err;
321 	uint16_t rca;
322 	enum mmc_bus_timing timing;
323 
324 	err = MMCBR_ACQUIRE_HOST(device_get_parent(busdev), busdev);
325 	if (err)
326 		return (err);
327 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
328 	MMC_LOCK(sc);
329 	if (sc->owner)
330 		panic("mmc: host bridge didn't serialize us.");
331 	sc->owner = dev;
332 	MMC_UNLOCK(sc);
333 
334 	if (busdev != dev) {
335 		/*
336 		 * Keep track of the last rca that we've selected.  If
337 		 * we're asked to do it again, don't.  We never
338 		 * unselect unless the bus code itself wants the mmc
339 		 * bus, and constantly reselecting causes problems.
340 		 */
341 		ivar = device_get_ivars(dev);
342 		rca = ivar->rca;
343 		if (sc->last_rca != rca) {
344 			if (mmc_select_card(sc, rca) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
345 				device_printf(busdev, "Card at relative "
346 				    "address %d failed to select\n", rca);
347 				return (ENXIO);
348 			}
349 			sc->last_rca = rca;
350 			timing = mmcbr_get_timing(busdev);
351 			/*
352 			 * For eMMC modes, setting/updating bus width and VCCQ
353 			 * only really is necessary if there actually is more
354 			 * than one device on the bus as generally that already
355 			 * had to be done by mmc_calculate_clock() or one of
356 			 * its calees.  Moreover, setting the bus width anew
357 			 * can trigger re-tuning (via a CRC error on the next
358 			 * CMD), even if not switching between devices an the
359 			 * previously selected one is still tuned.  Obviously,
360 			 * we need to re-tune the host controller if devices
361 			 * are actually switched, though.
362 			 */
363 			if (timing >= bus_timing_mmc_ddr52 &&
364 			    sc->child_count == 1)
365 				return (0);
366 			/* Prepare bus width for the new card. */
367 			if (bootverbose || mmc_debug) {
368 				device_printf(busdev,
369 				    "setting bus width to %d bits %s timing\n",
370 				    (ivar->bus_width == bus_width_4) ? 4 :
371 				    (ivar->bus_width == bus_width_8) ? 8 : 1,
372 				    mmc_timing_to_string(timing));
373 			}
374 			if (mmc_set_card_bus_width(sc, ivar, timing) !=
375 			    MMC_ERR_NONE) {
376 				device_printf(busdev, "Card at relative "
377 				    "address %d failed to set bus width\n",
378 				    rca);
379 				return (ENXIO);
380 			}
381 			mmcbr_set_bus_width(busdev, ivar->bus_width);
382 			mmcbr_update_ios(busdev);
383 			if (mmc_set_vccq(sc, ivar, timing) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
384 				device_printf(busdev, "Failed to set VCCQ "
385 				    "for card at relative address %d\n", rca);
386 				return (ENXIO);
387 			}
388 			if (timing >= bus_timing_mmc_hs200 &&
389 			    mmc_retune(busdev, dev, true) != 0) {
390 				device_printf(busdev, "Card at relative "
391 				    "address %d failed to re-tune\n", rca);
392 				return (ENXIO);
393 			}
394 		}
395 	} else {
396 		/*
397 		 * If there's a card selected, stand down.
398 		 */
399 		if (sc->last_rca != 0) {
400 			if (mmc_select_card(sc, 0) != MMC_ERR_NONE)
401 				return (ENXIO);
402 			sc->last_rca = 0;
403 		}
404 	}
405 
406 	return (0);
407 }
408 
409 static int
410 mmc_release_bus(device_t busdev, device_t dev)
411 {
412 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
413 
414 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
415 
416 	MMC_LOCK(sc);
417 	if (!sc->owner)
418 		panic("mmc: releasing unowned bus.");
419 	if (sc->owner != dev)
420 		panic("mmc: you don't own the bus.  game over.");
421 	sc->owner = NULL;
422 	MMC_UNLOCK(sc);
423 	return (MMCBR_RELEASE_HOST(device_get_parent(busdev), busdev));
424 }
425 
426 static uint32_t
427 mmc_select_vdd(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr)
428 {
429 
430 	return (ocr & MMC_OCR_VOLTAGE);
431 }
432 
433 static int
434 mmc_highest_voltage(uint32_t ocr)
435 {
436 	int i;
437 
438 	for (i = MMC_OCR_MAX_VOLTAGE_SHIFT;
439 	    i >= MMC_OCR_MIN_VOLTAGE_SHIFT; i--)
440 		if (ocr & (1 << i))
441 			return (i);
442 	return (-1);
443 }
444 
445 static void
446 mmc_wakeup(struct mmc_request *req)
447 {
448 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
449 
450 	sc = (struct mmc_softc *)req->done_data;
451 	MMC_LOCK(sc);
452 	req->flags |= MMC_REQ_DONE;
453 	MMC_UNLOCK(sc);
454 	wakeup(req);
455 }
456 
457 static int
458 mmc_wait_for_req(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_request *req)
459 {
460 
461 	req->done = mmc_wakeup;
462 	req->done_data = sc;
463 	if (__predict_false(mmc_debug > 1)) {
464 		device_printf(sc->dev, "REQUEST: CMD%d arg %#x flags %#x",
465 		    req->cmd->opcode, req->cmd->arg, req->cmd->flags);
466 		if (req->cmd->data) {
467 			printf(" data %d\n", (int)req->cmd->data->len);
468 		} else
469 			printf("\n");
470 	}
471 	MMCBR_REQUEST(device_get_parent(sc->dev), sc->dev, req);
472 	MMC_LOCK(sc);
473 	while ((req->flags & MMC_REQ_DONE) == 0)
474 		msleep(req, &sc->sc_mtx, 0, "mmcreq", 0);
475 	MMC_UNLOCK(sc);
476 	if (__predict_false(mmc_debug > 2 || (mmc_debug > 0 &&
477 	    req->cmd->error != MMC_ERR_NONE)))
478 		device_printf(sc->dev, "CMD%d RESULT: %d\n",
479 		    req->cmd->opcode, req->cmd->error);
480 	return (0);
481 }
482 
483 static int
484 mmc_wait_for_request(device_t busdev, device_t dev, struct mmc_request *req)
485 {
486 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
487 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
488 	int err, i;
489 	enum mmc_retune_req retune_req;
490 
491 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
492 	KASSERT(sc->owner != NULL,
493 	    ("%s: Request from %s without bus being acquired.", __func__,
494 	    device_get_nameunit(dev)));
495 
496 	/*
497 	 * Unless no device is selected or re-tuning is already ongoing,
498 	 * execute re-tuning if a) the bridge is requesting to do so and
499 	 * re-tuning hasn't been otherwise paused, or b) if a child asked
500 	 * to be re-tuned prior to pausing (see also mmc_retune_pause()).
501 	 */
502 	if (__predict_false(sc->last_rca != 0 && sc->retune_ongoing == 0 &&
503 	    (((retune_req = mmcbr_get_retune_req(busdev)) != retune_req_none &&
504 	    sc->retune_paused == 0) || sc->retune_needed == 1))) {
505 		if (__predict_false(mmc_debug > 1)) {
506 			device_printf(busdev,
507 			    "Re-tuning with%s circuit reset required\n",
508 			    retune_req == retune_req_reset ? "" : "out");
509 		}
510 		if (device_get_parent(dev) == busdev)
511 			ivar = device_get_ivars(dev);
512 		else {
513 			for (i = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
514 				ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
515 				if (ivar->rca == sc->last_rca)
516 					break;
517 			}
518 			if (ivar->rca != sc->last_rca)
519 				return (EINVAL);
520 		}
521 		sc->retune_ongoing = 1;
522 		err = mmc_retune(busdev, dev, retune_req == retune_req_reset);
523 		sc->retune_ongoing = 0;
524 		switch (err) {
525 		case MMC_ERR_NONE:
526 		case MMC_ERR_FAILED:	/* Re-tune error but still might work */
527 			break;
528 		case MMC_ERR_BADCRC:	/* Switch failure on HS400 recovery */
529 			return (ENXIO);
530 		case MMC_ERR_INVALID:	/* Driver implementation b0rken */
531 		default:		/* Unknown error, should not happen */
532 			return (EINVAL);
533 		}
534 		sc->retune_needed = 0;
535 	}
536 	return (mmc_wait_for_req(sc, req));
537 }
538 
539 static int
540 mmc_wait_for_command(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t opcode,
541     uint32_t arg, uint32_t flags, uint32_t *resp, int retries)
542 {
543 	struct mmc_command cmd;
544 	int err;
545 
546 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
547 	cmd.opcode = opcode;
548 	cmd.arg = arg;
549 	cmd.flags = flags;
550 	cmd.data = NULL;
551 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, retries);
552 	if (err)
553 		return (err);
554 	if (resp) {
555 		if (flags & MMC_RSP_136)
556 			memcpy(resp, cmd.resp, 4 * sizeof(uint32_t));
557 		else
558 			*resp = cmd.resp[0];
559 	}
560 	return (0);
561 }
562 
563 static void
564 mmc_idle_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc)
565 {
566 	device_t dev;
567 	struct mmc_command cmd;
568 
569 	dev = sc->dev;
570 	mmcbr_set_chip_select(dev, cs_high);
571 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
572 	mmc_ms_delay(1);
573 
574 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
575 	cmd.opcode = MMC_GO_IDLE_STATE;
576 	cmd.arg = 0;
577 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_NONE | MMC_CMD_BC;
578 	cmd.data = NULL;
579 	mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
580 	mmc_ms_delay(1);
581 
582 	mmcbr_set_chip_select(dev, cs_dontcare);
583 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
584 	mmc_ms_delay(1);
585 }
586 
587 static int
588 mmc_send_app_op_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr, uint32_t *rocr)
589 {
590 	struct mmc_command cmd;
591 	int err = MMC_ERR_NONE, i;
592 
593 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
594 	cmd.opcode = ACMD_SD_SEND_OP_COND;
595 	cmd.arg = ocr;
596 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R3 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
597 	cmd.data = NULL;
598 
599 	for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
600 		err = mmc_wait_for_app_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, 0, &cmd,
601 		    CMD_RETRIES);
602 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
603 			break;
604 		if ((cmd.resp[0] & MMC_OCR_CARD_BUSY) ||
605 		    (ocr & MMC_OCR_VOLTAGE) == 0)
606 			break;
607 		err = MMC_ERR_TIMEOUT;
608 		mmc_ms_delay(10);
609 	}
610 	if (rocr && err == MMC_ERR_NONE)
611 		*rocr = cmd.resp[0];
612 	return (err);
613 }
614 
615 static int
616 mmc_send_op_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t ocr, uint32_t *rocr)
617 {
618 	struct mmc_command cmd;
619 	int err = MMC_ERR_NONE, i;
620 
621 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
622 	cmd.opcode = MMC_SEND_OP_COND;
623 	cmd.arg = ocr;
624 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R3 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
625 	cmd.data = NULL;
626 
627 	for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
628 		err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
629 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
630 			break;
631 		if ((cmd.resp[0] & MMC_OCR_CARD_BUSY) ||
632 		    (ocr & MMC_OCR_VOLTAGE) == 0)
633 			break;
634 		err = MMC_ERR_TIMEOUT;
635 		mmc_ms_delay(10);
636 	}
637 	if (rocr && err == MMC_ERR_NONE)
638 		*rocr = cmd.resp[0];
639 	return (err);
640 }
641 
642 static int
643 mmc_send_if_cond(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint8_t vhs)
644 {
645 	struct mmc_command cmd;
646 	int err;
647 
648 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
649 	cmd.opcode = SD_SEND_IF_COND;
650 	cmd.arg = (vhs << 8) + 0xAA;
651 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R7 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
652 	cmd.data = NULL;
653 
654 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
655 	return (err);
656 }
657 
658 static void
659 mmc_power_up(struct mmc_softc *sc)
660 {
661 	device_t dev;
662 	enum mmc_vccq vccq;
663 
664 	dev = sc->dev;
665 	mmcbr_set_vdd(dev, mmc_highest_voltage(mmcbr_get_host_ocr(dev)));
666 	mmcbr_set_bus_mode(dev, opendrain);
667 	mmcbr_set_chip_select(dev, cs_dontcare);
668 	mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, bus_width_1);
669 	mmcbr_set_power_mode(dev, power_up);
670 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, 0);
671 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
672 	for (vccq = vccq_330; ; vccq--) {
673 		mmcbr_set_vccq(dev, vccq);
674 		if (mmcbr_switch_vccq(dev) == 0 || vccq == vccq_120)
675 			break;
676 	}
677 	mmc_ms_delay(1);
678 
679 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, SD_MMC_CARD_ID_FREQUENCY);
680 	mmcbr_set_timing(dev, bus_timing_normal);
681 	mmcbr_set_power_mode(dev, power_on);
682 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
683 	mmc_ms_delay(2);
684 }
685 
686 static void
687 mmc_power_down(struct mmc_softc *sc)
688 {
689 	device_t dev = sc->dev;
690 
691 	mmcbr_set_bus_mode(dev, opendrain);
692 	mmcbr_set_chip_select(dev, cs_dontcare);
693 	mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, bus_width_1);
694 	mmcbr_set_power_mode(dev, power_off);
695 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, 0);
696 	mmcbr_set_timing(dev, bus_timing_normal);
697 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
698 }
699 
700 static int
701 mmc_select_card(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca)
702 {
703 	int err, flags;
704 
705 	flags = (rca ? MMC_RSP_R1B : MMC_RSP_NONE) | MMC_CMD_AC;
706 	sc->retune_paused++;
707 	err = mmc_wait_for_command(sc, MMC_SELECT_CARD, (uint32_t)rca << 16,
708 	    flags, NULL, CMD_RETRIES);
709 	sc->retune_paused--;
710 	return (err);
711 }
712 
713 static int
714 mmc_sd_switch(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint8_t mode, uint8_t grp, uint8_t value,
715     uint8_t *res)
716 {
717 	int err;
718 	struct mmc_command cmd;
719 	struct mmc_data data;
720 
721 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
722 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
723 	memset(res, 0, 64);
724 
725 	cmd.opcode = SD_SWITCH_FUNC;
726 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
727 	cmd.arg = mode << 31;			/* 0 - check, 1 - set */
728 	cmd.arg |= 0x00FFFFFF;
729 	cmd.arg &= ~(0xF << (grp * 4));
730 	cmd.arg |= value << (grp * 4);
731 	cmd.data = &data;
732 
733 	data.data = res;
734 	data.len = 64;
735 	data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
736 
737 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
738 	return (err);
739 }
740 
741 static int
742 mmc_set_card_bus_width(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
743     enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
744 {
745 	struct mmc_command cmd;
746 	int err;
747 	uint8_t	value;
748 
749 	if (mmcbr_get_mode(sc->dev) == mode_sd) {
750 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
751 		cmd.opcode = ACMD_SET_CLR_CARD_DETECT;
752 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
753 		cmd.arg = SD_CLR_CARD_DETECT;
754 		err = mmc_wait_for_app_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca, &cmd,
755 		    CMD_RETRIES);
756 		if (err != 0)
757 			return (err);
758 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
759 		cmd.opcode = ACMD_SET_BUS_WIDTH;
760 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
761 		switch (ivar->bus_width) {
762 		case bus_width_1:
763 			cmd.arg = SD_BUS_WIDTH_1;
764 			break;
765 		case bus_width_4:
766 			cmd.arg = SD_BUS_WIDTH_4;
767 			break;
768 		default:
769 			return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
770 		}
771 		err = mmc_wait_for_app_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca, &cmd,
772 		    CMD_RETRIES);
773 	} else {
774 		switch (ivar->bus_width) {
775 		case bus_width_1:
776 			if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400 ||
777 			    timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400es)
778 				return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
779 			value = EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_1;
780 			break;
781 		case bus_width_4:
782 			switch (timing) {
783 			case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
784 				value = EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_4_DDR;
785 				break;
786 			case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
787 			case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
788 				return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
789 			default:
790 				value = EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_4;
791 				break;
792 			}
793 			break;
794 		case bus_width_8:
795 			value = 0;
796 			switch (timing) {
797 			case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
798 				value = EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_ES;
799 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
800 			case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
801 			case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
802 				value |= EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_8_DDR;
803 				break;
804 			default:
805 				value = EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_8;
806 				break;
807 			}
808 			break;
809 		default:
810 			return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
811 		}
812 		err = mmc_switch(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca,
813 		    EXT_CSD_CMD_SET_NORMAL, EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH, value,
814 		    ivar->cmd6_time, true);
815 	}
816 	return (err);
817 }
818 
819 static int
820 mmc_set_power_class(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar)
821 {
822 	device_t dev;
823 	const uint8_t *ext_csd;
824 	uint32_t clock;
825 	uint8_t value;
826 	enum mmc_bus_timing timing;
827 	enum mmc_bus_width bus_width;
828 
829 	dev = sc->dev;
830 	timing = mmcbr_get_timing(dev);
831 	bus_width = ivar->bus_width;
832 	if (mmcbr_get_mode(dev) != mode_mmc || ivar->csd.spec_vers < 4 ||
833 	    timing == bus_timing_normal || bus_width == bus_width_1)
834 		return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
835 
836 	value = 0;
837 	ext_csd = ivar->raw_ext_csd;
838 	clock = mmcbr_get_clock(dev);
839 	switch (1 << mmcbr_get_vdd(dev)) {
840 	case MMC_OCR_LOW_VOLTAGE:
841 		if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS_26_MAX)
842 			value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_26_195];
843 		else if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS_52_MAX) {
844 			if (timing >= bus_timing_mmc_ddr52 &&
845 			    bus_width >= bus_width_4)
846 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_52_195_DDR];
847 			else
848 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_52_195];
849 		} else if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS200_HS400ES_MAX)
850 			value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_200_195];
851 		break;
852 	case MMC_OCR_270_280:
853 	case MMC_OCR_280_290:
854 	case MMC_OCR_290_300:
855 	case MMC_OCR_300_310:
856 	case MMC_OCR_310_320:
857 	case MMC_OCR_320_330:
858 	case MMC_OCR_330_340:
859 	case MMC_OCR_340_350:
860 	case MMC_OCR_350_360:
861 		if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS_26_MAX)
862 			value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_26_360];
863 		else if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS_52_MAX) {
864 			if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_ddr52 &&
865 			    bus_width >= bus_width_4)
866 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_52_360_DDR];
867 			else
868 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_52_360];
869 		} else if (clock <= MMC_TYPE_HS200_HS400ES_MAX) {
870 			if (bus_width == bus_width_8)
871 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_200_360_DDR];
872 			else
873 				value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PWR_CL_200_360];
874 		}
875 		break;
876 	default:
877 		device_printf(dev, "No power class support for VDD 0x%x\n",
878 			1 << mmcbr_get_vdd(dev));
879 		return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
880 	}
881 
882 	if (bus_width == bus_width_8)
883 		value = (value & EXT_CSD_POWER_CLASS_8BIT_MASK) >>
884 		    EXT_CSD_POWER_CLASS_8BIT_SHIFT;
885 	else
886 		value = (value & EXT_CSD_POWER_CLASS_4BIT_MASK) >>
887 		    EXT_CSD_POWER_CLASS_4BIT_SHIFT;
888 
889 	if (value == 0)
890 		return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
891 
892 	return (mmc_switch(dev, dev, ivar->rca, EXT_CSD_CMD_SET_NORMAL,
893 	    EXT_CSD_POWER_CLASS, value, ivar->cmd6_time, true));
894 }
895 
896 static int
897 mmc_set_timing(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
898     enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
899 {
900 	u_char switch_res[64];
901 	uint8_t	value;
902 	int err;
903 
904 	if (mmcbr_get_mode(sc->dev) == mode_sd) {
905 		switch (timing) {
906 		case bus_timing_normal:
907 			value = SD_SWITCH_NORMAL_MODE;
908 			break;
909 		case bus_timing_hs:
910 			value = SD_SWITCH_HS_MODE;
911 			break;
912 		default:
913 			return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
914 		}
915 		err = mmc_sd_switch(sc, SD_SWITCH_MODE_SET, SD_SWITCH_GROUP1,
916 		    value, switch_res);
917 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
918 			return (err);
919 		if ((switch_res[16] & 0xf) != value)
920 			return (MMC_ERR_FAILED);
921 		mmcbr_set_timing(sc->dev, timing);
922 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
923 	} else {
924 		switch (timing) {
925 		case bus_timing_normal:
926 			value = EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING_BC;
927 			break;
928 		case bus_timing_hs:
929 		case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
930 			value = EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING_HS;
931 			break;
932 		case bus_timing_mmc_hs200:
933 			value = EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING_HS200;
934 			break;
935 		case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
936 		case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
937 			value = EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING_HS400;
938 			break;
939 		default:
940 			return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
941 		}
942 		err = mmc_switch(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca,
943 		    EXT_CSD_CMD_SET_NORMAL, EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING, value,
944 		    ivar->cmd6_time, false);
945 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
946 			return (err);
947 		mmcbr_set_timing(sc->dev, timing);
948 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
949 		err = mmc_switch_status(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca,
950 		    ivar->cmd6_time);
951 	}
952 	return (err);
953 }
954 
955 static int
956 mmc_set_vccq(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
957     enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
958 {
959 
960 	if (isset(&ivar->vccq_120, timing))
961 		mmcbr_set_vccq(sc->dev, vccq_120);
962 	else if (isset(&ivar->vccq_180, timing))
963 		mmcbr_set_vccq(sc->dev, vccq_180);
964 	else
965 		mmcbr_set_vccq(sc->dev, vccq_330);
966 	if (mmcbr_switch_vccq(sc->dev) != 0)
967 		return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
968 	else
969 		return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
970 }
971 
972 static const uint8_t p8[8] = {
973 	0x55, 0xAA, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
974 };
975 
976 static const uint8_t p8ok[8] = {
977 	0xAA, 0x55, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
978 };
979 
980 static const uint8_t p4[4] = {
981 	0x5A, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
982 };
983 
984 static const uint8_t p4ok[4] = {
985 	0xA5, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
986 };
987 
988 static int
989 mmc_test_bus_width(struct mmc_softc *sc)
990 {
991 	struct mmc_command cmd;
992 	struct mmc_data data;
993 	uint8_t buf[8];
994 	int err;
995 
996 	if (mmcbr_get_caps(sc->dev) & MMC_CAP_8_BIT_DATA) {
997 		mmcbr_set_bus_width(sc->dev, bus_width_8);
998 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
999 
1000 		sc->squelched++; /* Errors are expected, squelch reporting. */
1001 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1002 		memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1003 		cmd.opcode = MMC_BUSTEST_W;
1004 		cmd.arg = 0;
1005 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1006 		cmd.data = &data;
1007 
1008 		data.data = __DECONST(void *, p8);
1009 		data.len = 8;
1010 		data.flags = MMC_DATA_WRITE;
1011 		mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, 0);
1012 
1013 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1014 		memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1015 		cmd.opcode = MMC_BUSTEST_R;
1016 		cmd.arg = 0;
1017 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1018 		cmd.data = &data;
1019 
1020 		data.data = buf;
1021 		data.len = 8;
1022 		data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
1023 		err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, 0);
1024 		sc->squelched--;
1025 
1026 		mmcbr_set_bus_width(sc->dev, bus_width_1);
1027 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
1028 
1029 		if (err == MMC_ERR_NONE && memcmp(buf, p8ok, 8) == 0)
1030 			return (bus_width_8);
1031 	}
1032 
1033 	if (mmcbr_get_caps(sc->dev) & MMC_CAP_4_BIT_DATA) {
1034 		mmcbr_set_bus_width(sc->dev, bus_width_4);
1035 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
1036 
1037 		sc->squelched++; /* Errors are expected, squelch reporting. */
1038 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1039 		memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1040 		cmd.opcode = MMC_BUSTEST_W;
1041 		cmd.arg = 0;
1042 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1043 		cmd.data = &data;
1044 
1045 		data.data = __DECONST(void *, p4);
1046 		data.len = 4;
1047 		data.flags = MMC_DATA_WRITE;
1048 		mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, 0);
1049 
1050 		memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1051 		memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1052 		cmd.opcode = MMC_BUSTEST_R;
1053 		cmd.arg = 0;
1054 		cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1055 		cmd.data = &data;
1056 
1057 		data.data = buf;
1058 		data.len = 4;
1059 		data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
1060 		err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, 0);
1061 		sc->squelched--;
1062 
1063 		mmcbr_set_bus_width(sc->dev, bus_width_1);
1064 		mmcbr_update_ios(sc->dev);
1065 
1066 		if (err == MMC_ERR_NONE && memcmp(buf, p4ok, 4) == 0)
1067 			return (bus_width_4);
1068 	}
1069 	return (bus_width_1);
1070 }
1071 
1072 static uint32_t
1073 mmc_get_bits(uint32_t *bits, int bit_len, int start, int size)
1074 {
1075 	const int i = (bit_len / 32) - (start / 32) - 1;
1076 	const int shift = start & 31;
1077 	uint32_t retval = bits[i] >> shift;
1078 
1079 	if (size + shift > 32)
1080 		retval |= bits[i - 1] << (32 - shift);
1081 	return (retval & ((1llu << size) - 1));
1082 }
1083 
1084 static void
1085 mmc_decode_cid_sd(uint32_t *raw_cid, struct mmc_cid *cid)
1086 {
1087 	int i;
1088 
1089 	/* There's no version info, so we take it on faith */
1090 	memset(cid, 0, sizeof(*cid));
1091 	cid->mid = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 120, 8);
1092 	cid->oid = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 104, 16);
1093 	for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
1094 		cid->pnm[i] = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 96 - i * 8, 8);
1095 	cid->pnm[5] = 0;
1096 	cid->prv = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 56, 8);
1097 	cid->psn = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 24, 32);
1098 	cid->mdt_year = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 12, 8) + 2000;
1099 	cid->mdt_month = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 8, 4);
1100 }
1101 
1102 static void
1103 mmc_decode_cid_mmc(uint32_t *raw_cid, struct mmc_cid *cid, bool is_4_41p)
1104 {
1105 	int i;
1106 
1107 	/* There's no version info, so we take it on faith */
1108 	memset(cid, 0, sizeof(*cid));
1109 	cid->mid = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 120, 8);
1110 	cid->oid = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 104, 8);
1111 	for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
1112 		cid->pnm[i] = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 96 - i * 8, 8);
1113 	cid->pnm[6] = 0;
1114 	cid->prv = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 48, 8);
1115 	cid->psn = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 16, 32);
1116 	cid->mdt_month = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 12, 4);
1117 	cid->mdt_year = mmc_get_bits(raw_cid, 128, 8, 4);
1118 	if (is_4_41p)
1119 		cid->mdt_year += 2013;
1120 	else
1121 		cid->mdt_year += 1997;
1122 }
1123 
1124 static void
1125 mmc_format_card_id_string(struct mmc_ivars *ivar)
1126 {
1127 	char oidstr[8];
1128 	uint8_t c1;
1129 	uint8_t c2;
1130 
1131 	/*
1132 	 * Format a card ID string for use by the mmcsd driver, it's what
1133 	 * appears between the <> in the following:
1134 	 * mmcsd0: 968MB <SD SD01G 8.0 SN 2686905 MFG 08/2008 by 3 TN> at mmc0
1135 	 * 22.5MHz/4bit/128-block
1136 	 *
1137 	 * Also format just the card serial number, which the mmcsd driver will
1138 	 * use as the disk->d_ident string.
1139 	 *
1140 	 * The card_id_string in mmc_ivars is currently allocated as 64 bytes,
1141 	 * and our max formatted length is currently 55 bytes if every field
1142 	 * contains the largest value.
1143 	 *
1144 	 * Sometimes the oid is two printable ascii chars; when it's not,
1145 	 * format it as 0xnnnn instead.
1146 	 */
1147 	c1 = (ivar->cid.oid >> 8) & 0x0ff;
1148 	c2 = ivar->cid.oid & 0x0ff;
1149 	if (c1 > 0x1f && c1 < 0x7f && c2 > 0x1f && c2 < 0x7f)
1150 		snprintf(oidstr, sizeof(oidstr), "%c%c", c1, c2);
1151 	else
1152 		snprintf(oidstr, sizeof(oidstr), "0x%04x", ivar->cid.oid);
1153 	snprintf(ivar->card_sn_string, sizeof(ivar->card_sn_string),
1154 	    "%08X", ivar->cid.psn);
1155 	snprintf(ivar->card_id_string, sizeof(ivar->card_id_string),
1156 	    "%s%s %s %d.%d SN %08X MFG %02d/%04d by %d %s",
1157 	    ivar->mode == mode_sd ? "SD" : "MMC", ivar->high_cap ? "HC" : "",
1158 	    ivar->cid.pnm, ivar->cid.prv >> 4, ivar->cid.prv & 0x0f,
1159 	    ivar->cid.psn, ivar->cid.mdt_month, ivar->cid.mdt_year,
1160 	    ivar->cid.mid, oidstr);
1161 }
1162 
1163 static const int exp[8] = {
1164 	1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000, 1000000, 10000000
1165 };
1166 
1167 static const int mant[16] = {
1168 	0, 10, 12, 13, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 80
1169 };
1170 
1171 static const int cur_min[8] = {
1172 	500, 1000, 5000, 10000, 25000, 35000, 60000, 100000
1173 };
1174 
1175 static const int cur_max[8] = {
1176 	1000, 5000, 10000, 25000, 35000, 45000, 800000, 200000
1177 };
1178 
1179 static int
1180 mmc_decode_csd_sd(uint32_t *raw_csd, struct mmc_csd *csd)
1181 {
1182 	int v;
1183 	int m;
1184 	int e;
1185 
1186 	memset(csd, 0, sizeof(*csd));
1187 	csd->csd_structure = v = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 126, 2);
1188 	if (v == 0) {
1189 		m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 115, 4);
1190 		e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 112, 3);
1191 		csd->tacc = (exp[e] * mant[m] + 9) / 10;
1192 		csd->nsac = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 104, 8) * 100;
1193 		m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 99, 4);
1194 		e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 96, 3);
1195 		csd->tran_speed = exp[e] * 10000 * mant[m];
1196 		csd->ccc = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 84, 12);
1197 		csd->read_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 80, 4);
1198 		csd->read_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 79, 1);
1199 		csd->write_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 78, 1);
1200 		csd->read_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 77, 1);
1201 		csd->dsr_imp = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 76, 1);
1202 		csd->vdd_r_curr_min =
1203 		    cur_min[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 59, 3)];
1204 		csd->vdd_r_curr_max =
1205 		    cur_max[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 56, 3)];
1206 		csd->vdd_w_curr_min =
1207 		    cur_min[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 53, 3)];
1208 		csd->vdd_w_curr_max =
1209 		    cur_max[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 50, 3)];
1210 		m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 62, 12);
1211 		e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 47, 3);
1212 		csd->capacity = ((1 + m) << (e + 2)) * csd->read_bl_len;
1213 		csd->erase_blk_en = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 46, 1);
1214 		csd->erase_sector = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 39, 7) + 1;
1215 		csd->wp_grp_size = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 32, 7);
1216 		csd->wp_grp_enable = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 31, 1);
1217 		csd->r2w_factor = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 26, 3);
1218 		csd->write_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 22, 4);
1219 		csd->write_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 21, 1);
1220 		return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
1221 	} else if (v == 1) {
1222 		m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 115, 4);
1223 		e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 112, 3);
1224 		csd->tacc = (exp[e] * mant[m] + 9) / 10;
1225 		csd->nsac = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 104, 8) * 100;
1226 		m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 99, 4);
1227 		e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 96, 3);
1228 		csd->tran_speed = exp[e] * 10000 * mant[m];
1229 		csd->ccc = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 84, 12);
1230 		csd->read_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 80, 4);
1231 		csd->read_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 79, 1);
1232 		csd->write_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 78, 1);
1233 		csd->read_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 77, 1);
1234 		csd->dsr_imp = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 76, 1);
1235 		csd->capacity = ((uint64_t)mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 48, 22) +
1236 		    1) * 512 * 1024;
1237 		csd->erase_blk_en = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 46, 1);
1238 		csd->erase_sector = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 39, 7) + 1;
1239 		csd->wp_grp_size = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 32, 7);
1240 		csd->wp_grp_enable = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 31, 1);
1241 		csd->r2w_factor = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 26, 3);
1242 		csd->write_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 22, 4);
1243 		csd->write_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 21, 1);
1244 		return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
1245 	}
1246 	return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
1247 }
1248 
1249 static void
1250 mmc_decode_csd_mmc(uint32_t *raw_csd, struct mmc_csd *csd)
1251 {
1252 	int m;
1253 	int e;
1254 
1255 	memset(csd, 0, sizeof(*csd));
1256 	csd->csd_structure = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 126, 2);
1257 	csd->spec_vers = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 122, 4);
1258 	m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 115, 4);
1259 	e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 112, 3);
1260 	csd->tacc = exp[e] * mant[m] + 9 / 10;
1261 	csd->nsac = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 104, 8) * 100;
1262 	m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 99, 4);
1263 	e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 96, 3);
1264 	csd->tran_speed = exp[e] * 10000 * mant[m];
1265 	csd->ccc = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 84, 12);
1266 	csd->read_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 80, 4);
1267 	csd->read_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 79, 1);
1268 	csd->write_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 78, 1);
1269 	csd->read_blk_misalign = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 77, 1);
1270 	csd->dsr_imp = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 76, 1);
1271 	csd->vdd_r_curr_min = cur_min[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 59, 3)];
1272 	csd->vdd_r_curr_max = cur_max[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 56, 3)];
1273 	csd->vdd_w_curr_min = cur_min[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 53, 3)];
1274 	csd->vdd_w_curr_max = cur_max[mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 50, 3)];
1275 	m = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 62, 12);
1276 	e = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 47, 3);
1277 	csd->capacity = ((1 + m) << (e + 2)) * csd->read_bl_len;
1278 	csd->erase_blk_en = 0;
1279 	csd->erase_sector = (mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 42, 5) + 1) *
1280 	    (mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 37, 5) + 1);
1281 	csd->wp_grp_size = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 32, 5);
1282 	csd->wp_grp_enable = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 31, 1);
1283 	csd->r2w_factor = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 26, 3);
1284 	csd->write_bl_len = 1 << mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 22, 4);
1285 	csd->write_bl_partial = mmc_get_bits(raw_csd, 128, 21, 1);
1286 }
1287 
1288 static void
1289 mmc_app_decode_scr(uint32_t *raw_scr, struct mmc_scr *scr)
1290 {
1291 	unsigned int scr_struct;
1292 
1293 	memset(scr, 0, sizeof(*scr));
1294 
1295 	scr_struct = mmc_get_bits(raw_scr, 64, 60, 4);
1296 	if (scr_struct != 0) {
1297 		printf("Unrecognised SCR structure version %d\n",
1298 		    scr_struct);
1299 		return;
1300 	}
1301 	scr->sda_vsn = mmc_get_bits(raw_scr, 64, 56, 4);
1302 	scr->bus_widths = mmc_get_bits(raw_scr, 64, 48, 4);
1303 }
1304 
1305 static void
1306 mmc_app_decode_sd_status(uint32_t *raw_sd_status,
1307     struct mmc_sd_status *sd_status)
1308 {
1309 
1310 	memset(sd_status, 0, sizeof(*sd_status));
1311 
1312 	sd_status->bus_width = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 510, 2);
1313 	sd_status->secured_mode = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 509, 1);
1314 	sd_status->card_type = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 480, 16);
1315 	sd_status->prot_area = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 448, 12);
1316 	sd_status->speed_class = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 440, 8);
1317 	sd_status->perf_move = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 432, 8);
1318 	sd_status->au_size = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 428, 4);
1319 	sd_status->erase_size = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 408, 16);
1320 	sd_status->erase_timeout = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 402, 6);
1321 	sd_status->erase_offset = mmc_get_bits(raw_sd_status, 512, 400, 2);
1322 }
1323 
1324 static int
1325 mmc_all_send_cid(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t *rawcid)
1326 {
1327 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1328 	int err;
1329 
1330 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1331 	cmd.opcode = MMC_ALL_SEND_CID;
1332 	cmd.arg = 0;
1333 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R2 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
1334 	cmd.data = NULL;
1335 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1336 	memcpy(rawcid, cmd.resp, 4 * sizeof(uint32_t));
1337 	return (err);
1338 }
1339 
1340 static int
1341 mmc_send_csd(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca, uint32_t *rawcsd)
1342 {
1343 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1344 	int err;
1345 
1346 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1347 	cmd.opcode = MMC_SEND_CSD;
1348 	cmd.arg = rca << 16;
1349 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R2 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
1350 	cmd.data = NULL;
1351 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1352 	memcpy(rawcsd, cmd.resp, 4 * sizeof(uint32_t));
1353 	return (err);
1354 }
1355 
1356 static int
1357 mmc_app_send_scr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca, uint32_t *rawscr)
1358 {
1359 	int err;
1360 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1361 	struct mmc_data data;
1362 
1363 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1364 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1365 
1366 	memset(rawscr, 0, 8);
1367 	cmd.opcode = ACMD_SEND_SCR;
1368 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1369 	cmd.arg = 0;
1370 	cmd.data = &data;
1371 
1372 	data.data = rawscr;
1373 	data.len = 8;
1374 	data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
1375 
1376 	err = mmc_wait_for_app_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, rca, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1377 	rawscr[0] = be32toh(rawscr[0]);
1378 	rawscr[1] = be32toh(rawscr[1]);
1379 	return (err);
1380 }
1381 
1382 static int
1383 mmc_app_sd_status(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t rca, uint32_t *rawsdstatus)
1384 {
1385 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1386 	struct mmc_data data;
1387 	int err, i;
1388 
1389 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1390 	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
1391 
1392 	memset(rawsdstatus, 0, 64);
1393 	cmd.opcode = ACMD_SD_STATUS;
1394 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
1395 	cmd.arg = 0;
1396 	cmd.data = &data;
1397 
1398 	data.data = rawsdstatus;
1399 	data.len = 64;
1400 	data.flags = MMC_DATA_READ;
1401 
1402 	err = mmc_wait_for_app_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, rca, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1403 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
1404 	    rawsdstatus[i] = be32toh(rawsdstatus[i]);
1405 	return (err);
1406 }
1407 
1408 static int
1409 mmc_set_relative_addr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint16_t resp)
1410 {
1411 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1412 	int err;
1413 
1414 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1415 	cmd.opcode = MMC_SET_RELATIVE_ADDR;
1416 	cmd.arg = resp << 16;
1417 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R6 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
1418 	cmd.data = NULL;
1419 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1420 	return (err);
1421 }
1422 
1423 static int
1424 mmc_send_relative_addr(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t *resp)
1425 {
1426 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1427 	int err;
1428 
1429 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1430 	cmd.opcode = SD_SEND_RELATIVE_ADDR;
1431 	cmd.arg = 0;
1432 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R6 | MMC_CMD_BCR;
1433 	cmd.data = NULL;
1434 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1435 	*resp = cmd.resp[0];
1436 	return (err);
1437 }
1438 
1439 static int
1440 mmc_set_blocklen(struct mmc_softc *sc, uint32_t len)
1441 {
1442 	struct mmc_command cmd;
1443 	int err;
1444 
1445 	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
1446 	cmd.opcode = MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN;
1447 	cmd.arg = len;
1448 	cmd.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;
1449 	cmd.data = NULL;
1450 	err = mmc_wait_for_cmd(sc->dev, sc->dev, &cmd, CMD_RETRIES);
1451 	return (err);
1452 }
1453 
1454 static uint32_t
1455 mmc_timing_to_dtr(struct mmc_ivars *ivar, enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
1456 {
1457 
1458 	switch (timing) {
1459 	case bus_timing_normal:
1460 		return (ivar->tran_speed);
1461 	case bus_timing_hs:
1462 		return (ivar->hs_tran_speed);
1463 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr12:
1464 		return (SD_SDR12_MAX);
1465 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr25:
1466 		return (SD_SDR25_MAX);
1467 	case bus_timing_uhs_ddr50:
1468 		return (SD_DDR50_MAX);
1469 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr50:
1470 		return (SD_SDR50_MAX);
1471 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr104:
1472 		return (SD_SDR104_MAX);
1473 	case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
1474 		return (MMC_TYPE_DDR52_MAX);
1475 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs200:
1476 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
1477 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
1478 		return (MMC_TYPE_HS200_HS400ES_MAX);
1479 	}
1480 	return (0);
1481 }
1482 
1483 static const char *
1484 mmc_timing_to_string(enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
1485 {
1486 
1487 	switch (timing) {
1488 	case bus_timing_normal:
1489 		return ("normal speed");
1490 	case bus_timing_hs:
1491 		return ("high speed");
1492 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr12:
1493 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr25:
1494 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr50:
1495 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr104:
1496 		return ("single data rate");
1497 	case bus_timing_uhs_ddr50:
1498 	case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
1499 		return ("dual data rate");
1500 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs200:
1501 		return ("HS200");
1502 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
1503 		return ("HS400");
1504 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
1505 		return ("HS400 with enhanced strobe");
1506 	}
1507 	return ("");
1508 }
1509 
1510 static bool
1511 mmc_host_timing(device_t dev, enum mmc_bus_timing timing)
1512 {
1513 	int host_caps;
1514 
1515 	host_caps = mmcbr_get_caps(dev);
1516 
1517 #define	HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, cap) ({				\
1518 	bool retval;							\
1519 	if (((host_caps) & (cap)) == (cap))				\
1520 		retval = true;						\
1521 	else								\
1522 		retval = false;						\
1523 	retval;								\
1524 })
1525 
1526 	switch (timing) {
1527 	case bus_timing_normal:
1528 		return (true);
1529 	case bus_timing_hs:
1530 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_HSPEED));
1531 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr12:
1532 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_UHS_SDR12));
1533 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr25:
1534 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_UHS_SDR25));
1535 	case bus_timing_uhs_ddr50:
1536 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_UHS_DDR50));
1537 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr50:
1538 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_UHS_SDR50));
1539 	case bus_timing_uhs_sdr104:
1540 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_UHS_SDR104));
1541 	case bus_timing_mmc_ddr52:
1542 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_MMC_DDR52));
1543 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs200:
1544 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_MMC_HS200_120) ||
1545 			HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_MMC_HS200_180));
1546 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400:
1547 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_MMC_HS400_120) ||
1548 			HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_MMC_HS400_180));
1549 	case bus_timing_mmc_hs400es:
1550 		return (HOST_TIMING_CAP(host_caps, MMC_CAP_MMC_HS400 |
1551 		    MMC_CAP_MMC_ENH_STROBE));
1552 	}
1553 
1554 #undef HOST_TIMING_CAP
1555 
1556 	return (false);
1557 }
1558 
1559 static void
1560 mmc_log_card(device_t dev, struct mmc_ivars *ivar, int newcard)
1561 {
1562 	enum mmc_bus_timing timing;
1563 
1564 	device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address 0x%04x%s:\n",
1565 	    ivar->rca, newcard ? " added" : "");
1566 	device_printf(dev, " card: %s\n", ivar->card_id_string);
1567 	for (timing = bus_timing_max; timing > bus_timing_normal; timing--) {
1568 		if (isset(&ivar->timings, timing))
1569 			break;
1570 	}
1571 	device_printf(dev, " quirks: %b\n", ivar->quirks, MMC_QUIRKS_FMT);
1572 	device_printf(dev, " bus: %ubit, %uMHz (%s timing)\n",
1573 	    (ivar->bus_width == bus_width_1 ? 1 :
1574 	    (ivar->bus_width == bus_width_4 ? 4 : 8)),
1575 	    mmc_timing_to_dtr(ivar, timing) / 1000000,
1576 	    mmc_timing_to_string(timing));
1577 	device_printf(dev, " memory: %u blocks, erase sector %u blocks%s\n",
1578 	    ivar->sec_count, ivar->erase_sector,
1579 	    ivar->read_only ? ", read-only" : "");
1580 }
1581 
1582 static void
1583 mmc_discover_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc)
1584 {
1585 	u_char switch_res[64];
1586 	uint32_t raw_cid[4];
1587 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar = NULL;
1588 	const struct mmc_quirk *quirk;
1589 	const uint8_t *ext_csd;
1590 	device_t child;
1591 	int err, host_caps, i, newcard;
1592 	uint32_t resp, sec_count, status;
1593 	uint16_t rca = 2;
1594 	int16_t rev;
1595 	uint8_t card_type;
1596 
1597 	host_caps = mmcbr_get_caps(sc->dev);
1598 	if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
1599 		device_printf(sc->dev, "Probing cards\n");
1600 	while (1) {
1601 		child = NULL;
1602 		sc->squelched++; /* Errors are expected, squelch reporting. */
1603 		err = mmc_all_send_cid(sc, raw_cid);
1604 		sc->squelched--;
1605 		if (err == MMC_ERR_TIMEOUT)
1606 			break;
1607 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1608 			device_printf(sc->dev, "Error reading CID %d\n", err);
1609 			break;
1610 		}
1611 		newcard = 1;
1612 		for (i = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
1613 			ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
1614 			if (memcmp(ivar->raw_cid, raw_cid, sizeof(raw_cid)) ==
1615 			    0) {
1616 				newcard = 0;
1617 				break;
1618 			}
1619 		}
1620 		if (bootverbose || mmc_debug) {
1621 			device_printf(sc->dev,
1622 			    "%sard detected (CID %08x%08x%08x%08x)\n",
1623 			    newcard ? "New c" : "C",
1624 			    raw_cid[0], raw_cid[1], raw_cid[2], raw_cid[3]);
1625 		}
1626 		if (newcard) {
1627 			ivar = malloc(sizeof(struct mmc_ivars), M_DEVBUF,
1628 			    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
1629 			memcpy(ivar->raw_cid, raw_cid, sizeof(raw_cid));
1630 		}
1631 		if (mmcbr_get_ro(sc->dev))
1632 			ivar->read_only = 1;
1633 		ivar->bus_width = bus_width_1;
1634 		setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_normal);
1635 		ivar->mode = mmcbr_get_mode(sc->dev);
1636 		if (ivar->mode == mode_sd) {
1637 			mmc_decode_cid_sd(ivar->raw_cid, &ivar->cid);
1638 			err = mmc_send_relative_addr(sc, &resp);
1639 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1640 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1641 				    "Error getting RCA %d\n", err);
1642 				goto free_ivar;
1643 			}
1644 			ivar->rca = resp >> 16;
1645 			/* Get card CSD. */
1646 			err = mmc_send_csd(sc, ivar->rca, ivar->raw_csd);
1647 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1648 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1649 				    "Error getting CSD %d\n", err);
1650 				goto free_ivar;
1651 			}
1652 			if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
1653 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1654 				    "%sard detected (CSD %08x%08x%08x%08x)\n",
1655 				    newcard ? "New c" : "C", ivar->raw_csd[0],
1656 				    ivar->raw_csd[1], ivar->raw_csd[2],
1657 				    ivar->raw_csd[3]);
1658 			err = mmc_decode_csd_sd(ivar->raw_csd, &ivar->csd);
1659 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1660 				device_printf(sc->dev, "Error decoding CSD\n");
1661 				goto free_ivar;
1662 			}
1663 			ivar->sec_count = ivar->csd.capacity / MMC_SECTOR_SIZE;
1664 			if (ivar->csd.csd_structure > 0)
1665 				ivar->high_cap = 1;
1666 			ivar->tran_speed = ivar->csd.tran_speed;
1667 			ivar->erase_sector = ivar->csd.erase_sector *
1668 			    ivar->csd.write_bl_len / MMC_SECTOR_SIZE;
1669 
1670 			err = mmc_send_status(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca,
1671 			    &status);
1672 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1673 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1674 				    "Error reading card status %d\n", err);
1675 				goto free_ivar;
1676 			}
1677 			if ((status & R1_CARD_IS_LOCKED) != 0) {
1678 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1679 				    "Card is password protected, skipping\n");
1680 				goto free_ivar;
1681 			}
1682 
1683 			/* Get card SCR.  Card must be selected to fetch it. */
1684 			err = mmc_select_card(sc, ivar->rca);
1685 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1686 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1687 				    "Error selecting card %d\n", err);
1688 				goto free_ivar;
1689 			}
1690 			err = mmc_app_send_scr(sc, ivar->rca, ivar->raw_scr);
1691 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1692 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1693 				    "Error reading SCR %d\n", err);
1694 				goto free_ivar;
1695 			}
1696 			mmc_app_decode_scr(ivar->raw_scr, &ivar->scr);
1697 			/* Get card switch capabilities (command class 10). */
1698 			if ((ivar->scr.sda_vsn >= 1) &&
1699 			    (ivar->csd.ccc & (1 << 10))) {
1700 				err = mmc_sd_switch(sc, SD_SWITCH_MODE_CHECK,
1701 				    SD_SWITCH_GROUP1, SD_SWITCH_NOCHANGE,
1702 				    switch_res);
1703 				if (err == MMC_ERR_NONE &&
1704 				    switch_res[13] & (1 << SD_SWITCH_HS_MODE)) {
1705 					setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_hs);
1706 					ivar->hs_tran_speed = SD_HS_MAX;
1707 				}
1708 			}
1709 
1710 			/*
1711 			 * We deselect then reselect the card here.  Some cards
1712 			 * become unselected and timeout with the above two
1713 			 * commands, although the state tables / diagrams in the
1714 			 * standard suggest they go back to the transfer state.
1715 			 * Other cards don't become deselected, and if we
1716 			 * attempt to blindly re-select them, we get timeout
1717 			 * errors from some controllers.  So we deselect then
1718 			 * reselect to handle all situations.  The only thing we
1719 			 * use from the sd_status is the erase sector size, but
1720 			 * it is still nice to get that right.
1721 			 */
1722 			(void)mmc_select_card(sc, 0);
1723 			(void)mmc_select_card(sc, ivar->rca);
1724 			(void)mmc_app_sd_status(sc, ivar->rca,
1725 			    ivar->raw_sd_status);
1726 			mmc_app_decode_sd_status(ivar->raw_sd_status,
1727 			    &ivar->sd_status);
1728 			if (ivar->sd_status.au_size != 0) {
1729 				ivar->erase_sector =
1730 				    16 << ivar->sd_status.au_size;
1731 			}
1732 			/* Find maximum supported bus width. */
1733 			if ((host_caps & MMC_CAP_4_BIT_DATA) &&
1734 			    (ivar->scr.bus_widths & SD_SCR_BUS_WIDTH_4))
1735 				ivar->bus_width = bus_width_4;
1736 
1737 			goto child_common;
1738 		}
1739 		ivar->rca = rca++;
1740 		err = mmc_set_relative_addr(sc, ivar->rca);
1741 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1742 			device_printf(sc->dev, "Error setting RCA %d\n", err);
1743 			goto free_ivar;
1744 		}
1745 		/* Get card CSD. */
1746 		err = mmc_send_csd(sc, ivar->rca, ivar->raw_csd);
1747 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1748 			device_printf(sc->dev, "Error getting CSD %d\n", err);
1749 			goto free_ivar;
1750 		}
1751 		if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
1752 			device_printf(sc->dev,
1753 			    "%sard detected (CSD %08x%08x%08x%08x)\n",
1754 			    newcard ? "New c" : "C", ivar->raw_csd[0],
1755 			    ivar->raw_csd[1], ivar->raw_csd[2],
1756 			    ivar->raw_csd[3]);
1757 
1758 		mmc_decode_csd_mmc(ivar->raw_csd, &ivar->csd);
1759 		ivar->sec_count = ivar->csd.capacity / MMC_SECTOR_SIZE;
1760 		ivar->tran_speed = ivar->csd.tran_speed;
1761 		ivar->erase_sector = ivar->csd.erase_sector *
1762 		    ivar->csd.write_bl_len / MMC_SECTOR_SIZE;
1763 
1764 		err = mmc_send_status(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca, &status);
1765 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1766 			device_printf(sc->dev,
1767 			    "Error reading card status %d\n", err);
1768 			goto free_ivar;
1769 		}
1770 		if ((status & R1_CARD_IS_LOCKED) != 0) {
1771 			device_printf(sc->dev,
1772 			    "Card is password protected, skipping\n");
1773 			goto free_ivar;
1774 		}
1775 
1776 		err = mmc_select_card(sc, ivar->rca);
1777 		if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1778 			device_printf(sc->dev, "Error selecting card %d\n",
1779 			    err);
1780 			goto free_ivar;
1781 		}
1782 
1783 		rev = -1;
1784 		/* Only MMC >= 4.x devices support EXT_CSD. */
1785 		if (ivar->csd.spec_vers >= 4) {
1786 			err = mmc_send_ext_csd(sc->dev, sc->dev,
1787 			    ivar->raw_ext_csd);
1788 			if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1789 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1790 				    "Error reading EXT_CSD %d\n", err);
1791 				goto free_ivar;
1792 			}
1793 			ext_csd = ivar->raw_ext_csd;
1794 			rev = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_REV];
1795 			/* Handle extended capacity from EXT_CSD */
1796 			sec_count = le32dec(&ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SEC_CNT]);
1797 			if (sec_count != 0) {
1798 				ivar->sec_count = sec_count;
1799 				ivar->high_cap = 1;
1800 			}
1801 			/* Find maximum supported bus width. */
1802 			ivar->bus_width = mmc_test_bus_width(sc);
1803 			/* Get device speeds beyond normal mode. */
1804 			card_type = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE];
1805 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS_52) != 0) {
1806 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_hs);
1807 				ivar->hs_tran_speed = MMC_TYPE_HS_52_MAX;
1808 			} else if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS_26) != 0) {
1809 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_hs);
1810 				ivar->hs_tran_speed = MMC_TYPE_HS_26_MAX;
1811 			}
1812 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_DDR_52_1_2V) != 0 &&
1813 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_120) != 0) {
1814 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_ddr52);
1815 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_120, bus_timing_mmc_ddr52);
1816 			}
1817 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_DDR_52_1_8V) != 0 &&
1818 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_180) != 0) {
1819 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_ddr52);
1820 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_180, bus_timing_mmc_ddr52);
1821 			}
1822 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS200_1_2V) != 0 &&
1823 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_120) != 0) {
1824 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs200);
1825 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_120, bus_timing_mmc_hs200);
1826 			}
1827 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS200_1_8V) != 0 &&
1828 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_180) != 0) {
1829 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs200);
1830 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_180, bus_timing_mmc_hs200);
1831 			}
1832 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS400_1_2V) != 0 &&
1833 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_120) != 0 &&
1834 			    ivar->bus_width == bus_width_8) {
1835 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs400);
1836 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_120, bus_timing_mmc_hs400);
1837 			}
1838 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS400_1_8V) != 0 &&
1839 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_180) != 0 &&
1840 			    ivar->bus_width == bus_width_8) {
1841 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs400);
1842 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_180, bus_timing_mmc_hs400);
1843 			}
1844 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS400_1_2V) != 0 &&
1845 			    (ext_csd[EXT_CSD_STROBE_SUPPORT] &
1846 			    EXT_CSD_STROBE_SUPPORT_EN) != 0 &&
1847 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_120) != 0 &&
1848 			    ivar->bus_width == bus_width_8) {
1849 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs400es);
1850 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_120, bus_timing_mmc_hs400es);
1851 			}
1852 			if ((card_type & EXT_CSD_CARD_TYPE_HS400_1_8V) != 0 &&
1853 			    (ext_csd[EXT_CSD_STROBE_SUPPORT] &
1854 			    EXT_CSD_STROBE_SUPPORT_EN) != 0 &&
1855 			    (host_caps & MMC_CAP_SIGNALING_180) != 0 &&
1856 			    ivar->bus_width == bus_width_8) {
1857 				setbit(&ivar->timings, bus_timing_mmc_hs400es);
1858 				setbit(&ivar->vccq_180, bus_timing_mmc_hs400es);
1859 			}
1860 			/*
1861 			 * Determine generic switch timeout (provided in
1862 			 * units of 10 ms), defaulting to 500 ms.
1863 			 */
1864 			ivar->cmd6_time = 500 * 1000;
1865 			if (rev >= 6)
1866 				ivar->cmd6_time = 10 *
1867 				    ext_csd[EXT_CSD_GEN_CMD6_TIME];
1868 			/* Handle HC erase sector size. */
1869 			if (ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ERASE_GRP_SIZE] != 0) {
1870 				ivar->erase_sector = 1024 *
1871 				    ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ERASE_GRP_SIZE];
1872 				err = mmc_switch(sc->dev, sc->dev, ivar->rca,
1873 				    EXT_CSD_CMD_SET_NORMAL,
1874 				    EXT_CSD_ERASE_GRP_DEF,
1875 				    EXT_CSD_ERASE_GRP_DEF_EN,
1876 				    ivar->cmd6_time, true);
1877 				if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1878 					device_printf(sc->dev,
1879 					    "Error setting erase group %d\n",
1880 					    err);
1881 					goto free_ivar;
1882 				}
1883 			}
1884 		}
1885 
1886 		mmc_decode_cid_mmc(ivar->raw_cid, &ivar->cid, rev >= 5);
1887 
1888 child_common:
1889 		for (quirk = &mmc_quirks[0]; quirk->mid != 0x0; quirk++) {
1890 			if ((quirk->mid == MMC_QUIRK_MID_ANY ||
1891 			    quirk->mid == ivar->cid.mid) &&
1892 			    (quirk->oid == MMC_QUIRK_OID_ANY ||
1893 			    quirk->oid == ivar->cid.oid) &&
1894 			    strncmp(quirk->pnm, ivar->cid.pnm,
1895 			    sizeof(ivar->cid.pnm)) == 0) {
1896 				ivar->quirks = quirk->quirks;
1897 				break;
1898 			}
1899 		}
1900 
1901 		/*
1902 		 * Some cards that report maximum I/O block sizes greater
1903 		 * than 512 require the block length to be set to 512, even
1904 		 * though that is supposed to be the default.  Example:
1905 		 *
1906 		 * Transcend 2GB SDSC card, CID:
1907 		 * mid=0x1b oid=0x534d pnm="00000" prv=1.0 mdt=00.2000
1908 		 */
1909 		if (ivar->csd.read_bl_len != MMC_SECTOR_SIZE ||
1910 		    ivar->csd.write_bl_len != MMC_SECTOR_SIZE)
1911 			mmc_set_blocklen(sc, MMC_SECTOR_SIZE);
1912 
1913 		mmc_format_card_id_string(ivar);
1914 
1915 		if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
1916 			mmc_log_card(sc->dev, ivar, newcard);
1917 		if (newcard) {
1918 			/* Add device. */
1919 			child = device_add_child(sc->dev, NULL, -1);
1920 			if (child != NULL) {
1921 				device_set_ivars(child, ivar);
1922 				sc->child_list = realloc(sc->child_list,
1923 				    sizeof(device_t) * (sc->child_count + 1),
1924 				    M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);
1925 				sc->child_list[sc->child_count++] = child;
1926 			} else
1927 				device_printf(sc->dev, "Error adding child\n");
1928 		}
1929 
1930 free_ivar:
1931 		if (newcard && child == NULL)
1932 			free(ivar, M_DEVBUF);
1933 		(void)mmc_select_card(sc, 0);
1934 		/*
1935 		 * Not returning here when one MMC device could no be added
1936 		 * potentially would mean looping forever when that device
1937 		 * is broken (in which case it also may impact the remainder
1938 		 * of the bus anyway, though).
1939 		 */
1940 		if ((newcard && child == NULL) ||
1941 		    mmcbr_get_mode(sc->dev) == mode_sd)
1942 			return;
1943 	}
1944 }
1945 
1946 static void
1947 mmc_update_child_list(struct mmc_softc *sc)
1948 {
1949 	device_t child;
1950 	int i, j;
1951 
1952 	if (sc->child_count == 0) {
1953 		free(sc->child_list, M_DEVBUF);
1954 		return;
1955 	}
1956 	for (i = j = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
1957 		for (;;) {
1958 			child = sc->child_list[j++];
1959 			if (child != NULL)
1960 				break;
1961 		}
1962 		if (i != j)
1963 			sc->child_list[i] = child;
1964 	}
1965 	sc->child_list = realloc(sc->child_list, sizeof(device_t) *
1966 	    sc->child_count, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);
1967 }
1968 
1969 static void
1970 mmc_rescan_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc)
1971 {
1972 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
1973 	int err, i, j;
1974 
1975 	for (i = j = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
1976 		ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
1977 		if (mmc_select_card(sc, ivar->rca) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
1978 			if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
1979 				device_printf(sc->dev,
1980 				    "Card at relative address %d lost\n",
1981 				    ivar->rca);
1982 			err = device_delete_child(sc->dev, sc->child_list[i]);
1983 			if (err != 0) {
1984 				j++;
1985 				continue;
1986 			}
1987 			free(ivar, M_DEVBUF);
1988 		} else
1989 			j++;
1990 	}
1991 	if (sc->child_count == j)
1992 		goto out;
1993 	sc->child_count = j;
1994 	mmc_update_child_list(sc);
1995 out:
1996 	(void)mmc_select_card(sc, 0);
1997 }
1998 
1999 static int
2000 mmc_delete_cards(struct mmc_softc *sc, bool final)
2001 {
2002 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
2003 	int err, i, j;
2004 
2005 	err = 0;
2006 	for (i = j = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
2007 		ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
2008 		if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2009 			device_printf(sc->dev,
2010 			    "Card at relative address %d deleted\n",
2011 			    ivar->rca);
2012 		err = device_delete_child(sc->dev, sc->child_list[i]);
2013 		if (err != 0) {
2014 			j++;
2015 			if (final == false)
2016 				continue;
2017 			else
2018 				break;
2019 		}
2020 		free(ivar, M_DEVBUF);
2021 	}
2022 	sc->child_count = j;
2023 	mmc_update_child_list(sc);
2024 	return (err);
2025 }
2026 
2027 static void
2028 mmc_go_discovery(struct mmc_softc *sc)
2029 {
2030 	uint32_t ocr;
2031 	device_t dev;
2032 	int err;
2033 
2034 	dev = sc->dev;
2035 	if (mmcbr_get_power_mode(dev) != power_on) {
2036 		/*
2037 		 * First, try SD modes
2038 		 */
2039 		sc->squelched++; /* Errors are expected, squelch reporting. */
2040 		mmcbr_set_mode(dev, mode_sd);
2041 		mmc_power_up(sc);
2042 		mmcbr_set_bus_mode(dev, pushpull);
2043 		if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2044 			device_printf(sc->dev, "Probing bus\n");
2045 		mmc_idle_cards(sc);
2046 		err = mmc_send_if_cond(sc, 1);
2047 		if ((bootverbose || mmc_debug) && err == 0)
2048 			device_printf(sc->dev,
2049 			    "SD 2.0 interface conditions: OK\n");
2050 		if (mmc_send_app_op_cond(sc, 0, &ocr) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2051 			if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2052 				device_printf(sc->dev, "SD probe: failed\n");
2053 			/*
2054 			 * Failed, try MMC
2055 			 */
2056 			mmcbr_set_mode(dev, mode_mmc);
2057 			if (mmc_send_op_cond(sc, 0, &ocr) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2058 				if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2059 					device_printf(sc->dev,
2060 					    "MMC probe: failed\n");
2061 				ocr = 0; /* Failed both, powerdown. */
2062 			} else if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2063 				device_printf(sc->dev,
2064 				    "MMC probe: OK (OCR: 0x%08x)\n", ocr);
2065 		} else if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2066 			device_printf(sc->dev, "SD probe: OK (OCR: 0x%08x)\n",
2067 			    ocr);
2068 		sc->squelched--;
2069 
2070 		mmcbr_set_ocr(dev, mmc_select_vdd(sc, ocr));
2071 		if (mmcbr_get_ocr(dev) != 0)
2072 			mmc_idle_cards(sc);
2073 	} else {
2074 		mmcbr_set_bus_mode(dev, opendrain);
2075 		mmcbr_set_clock(dev, SD_MMC_CARD_ID_FREQUENCY);
2076 		mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2077 		/* XXX recompute vdd based on new cards? */
2078 	}
2079 	/*
2080 	 * Make sure that we have a mutually agreeable voltage to at least
2081 	 * one card on the bus.
2082 	 */
2083 	if (bootverbose || mmc_debug)
2084 		device_printf(sc->dev, "Current OCR: 0x%08x\n",
2085 		    mmcbr_get_ocr(dev));
2086 	if (mmcbr_get_ocr(dev) == 0) {
2087 		device_printf(sc->dev, "No compatible cards found on bus\n");
2088 		(void)mmc_delete_cards(sc, false);
2089 		mmc_power_down(sc);
2090 		return;
2091 	}
2092 	/*
2093 	 * Reselect the cards after we've idled them above.
2094 	 */
2095 	if (mmcbr_get_mode(dev) == mode_sd) {
2096 		err = mmc_send_if_cond(sc, 1);
2097 		mmc_send_app_op_cond(sc,
2098 		    (err ? 0 : MMC_OCR_CCS) | mmcbr_get_ocr(dev), NULL);
2099 	} else
2100 		mmc_send_op_cond(sc, MMC_OCR_CCS | mmcbr_get_ocr(dev), NULL);
2101 	mmc_discover_cards(sc);
2102 	mmc_rescan_cards(sc);
2103 
2104 	mmcbr_set_bus_mode(dev, pushpull);
2105 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2106 	mmc_calculate_clock(sc);
2107 }
2108 
2109 static int
2110 mmc_calculate_clock(struct mmc_softc *sc)
2111 {
2112 	device_t dev;
2113 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
2114 	int i;
2115 	uint32_t dtr, max_dtr;
2116 	uint16_t rca;
2117 	enum mmc_bus_timing max_timing, timing;
2118 	bool changed, hs400;
2119 
2120 	dev = sc->dev;
2121 	max_dtr = mmcbr_get_f_max(dev);
2122 	max_timing = bus_timing_max;
2123 	do {
2124 		changed = false;
2125 		for (i = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
2126 			ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
2127 			if (isclr(&ivar->timings, max_timing) ||
2128 			    !mmc_host_timing(dev, max_timing)) {
2129 				for (timing = max_timing - 1; timing >=
2130 				    bus_timing_normal; timing--) {
2131 					if (isset(&ivar->timings, timing) &&
2132 					    mmc_host_timing(dev, timing)) {
2133 						max_timing = timing;
2134 						break;
2135 					}
2136 				}
2137 				changed = true;
2138 			}
2139 			dtr = mmc_timing_to_dtr(ivar, max_timing);
2140 			if (dtr < max_dtr) {
2141 				max_dtr = dtr;
2142 				changed = true;
2143 			}
2144 		}
2145 	} while (changed == true);
2146 
2147 	if (bootverbose || mmc_debug) {
2148 		device_printf(dev,
2149 		    "setting transfer rate to %d.%03dMHz (%s timing)\n",
2150 		    max_dtr / 1000000, (max_dtr / 1000) % 1000,
2151 		    mmc_timing_to_string(max_timing));
2152 	}
2153 
2154 	/*
2155 	 * HS400 must be tuned in HS200 mode, so in case of HS400 we begin
2156 	 * with HS200 following the sequence as described in "6.6.2.2 HS200
2157 	 * timing mode selection" of the eMMC specification v5.1, too, and
2158 	 * switch to max_timing later.  HS400ES requires no tuning and, thus,
2159 	 * can be switch to directly, but requires the same detour via high
2160 	 * speed mode as does HS400 (see mmc_switch_to_hs400()).
2161 	 */
2162 	hs400 = max_timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400;
2163 	timing = hs400 == true ? bus_timing_mmc_hs200 : max_timing;
2164 	for (i = 0; i < sc->child_count; i++) {
2165 		ivar = device_get_ivars(sc->child_list[i]);
2166 		if ((ivar->timings & ~(1 << bus_timing_normal)) == 0)
2167 			goto clock;
2168 
2169 		rca = ivar->rca;
2170 		if (mmc_select_card(sc, rca) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2171 			device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address %d "
2172 			    "failed to select\n", rca);
2173 			continue;
2174 		}
2175 
2176 		if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs200 ||	/* includes HS400 */
2177 		    timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400es) {
2178 			if (mmc_set_vccq(sc, ivar, timing) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2179 				device_printf(dev, "Failed to set VCCQ for "
2180 				    "card at relative address %d\n", rca);
2181 				continue;
2182 			}
2183 		}
2184 
2185 		if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs200) {	/* includes HS400 */
2186 			/* Set bus width (required for initial tuning). */
2187 			if (mmc_set_card_bus_width(sc, ivar, timing) !=
2188 			    MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2189 				device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address "
2190 				    "%d failed to set bus width\n", rca);
2191 				continue;
2192 			}
2193 			mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, ivar->bus_width);
2194 			mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2195 		} else if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400es) {
2196 			if (mmc_switch_to_hs400(sc, ivar, max_dtr, timing) !=
2197 			    MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2198 				device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address "
2199 				    "%d failed to set %s timing\n", rca,
2200 				    mmc_timing_to_string(timing));
2201 				continue;
2202 			}
2203 			goto power_class;
2204 		}
2205 
2206 		if (mmc_set_timing(sc, ivar, timing) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2207 			device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address %d "
2208 			    "failed to set %s timing\n", rca,
2209 			    mmc_timing_to_string(timing));
2210 			continue;
2211 		}
2212 
2213 		if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_ddr52) {
2214 			/*
2215 			 * Set EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_n_DDR in EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH
2216 			 * (must be done after switching to EXT_CSD_HS_TIMING).
2217 			 */
2218 			if (mmc_set_card_bus_width(sc, ivar, timing) !=
2219 			    MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2220 				device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address "
2221 				    "%d failed to set bus width\n", rca);
2222 				continue;
2223 			}
2224 			mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, ivar->bus_width);
2225 			mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2226 			if (mmc_set_vccq(sc, ivar, timing) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2227 				device_printf(dev, "Failed to set VCCQ for "
2228 				    "card at relative address %d\n", rca);
2229 				continue;
2230 			}
2231 		}
2232 
2233 clock:
2234 		/* Set clock (must be done before initial tuning). */
2235 		mmcbr_set_clock(dev, max_dtr);
2236 		mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2237 
2238 		/*
2239 		 * Don't call into the bridge driver for timings definitely
2240 		 * not requiring tuning.  Note that it's up to the upper
2241 		 * layer to actually execute tuning otherwise.
2242 		 */
2243 		if (timing <= bus_timing_uhs_sdr25 ||
2244 		    timing == bus_timing_mmc_ddr52)
2245 			goto power_class;
2246 
2247 		if (mmcbr_tune(dev, hs400) != 0) {
2248 			device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address %d "
2249 			    "failed to execute initial tuning\n", rca);
2250 			continue;
2251 		}
2252 
2253 		if (hs400 == true && mmc_switch_to_hs400(sc, ivar, max_dtr,
2254 		    max_timing) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2255 			device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address %d "
2256 			    "failed to set %s timing\n", rca,
2257 			    mmc_timing_to_string(max_timing));
2258 			continue;
2259 		}
2260 
2261 power_class:
2262 		if (mmc_set_power_class(sc, ivar) != MMC_ERR_NONE) {
2263 			device_printf(dev, "Card at relative address %d "
2264 			    "failed to set power class\n", rca);
2265 		}
2266 	}
2267 	(void)mmc_select_card(sc, 0);
2268 	return (max_dtr);
2269 }
2270 
2271 /*
2272  * Switch from HS200 to HS400 (either initially or for re-tuning) or directly
2273  * to HS400ES.  This follows the sequences described in "6.6.2.3 HS400 timing
2274  * mode selection" of the eMMC specification v5.1.
2275  */
2276 static int
2277 mmc_switch_to_hs400(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
2278     uint32_t clock, enum mmc_bus_timing max_timing)
2279 {
2280 	device_t dev;
2281 	int err;
2282 
2283 	dev = sc->dev;
2284 
2285 	/*
2286 	 * Both clock and timing must be set as appropriate for high speed
2287 	 * before eventually switching to HS400/HS400ES; mmc_set_timing()
2288 	 * will issue mmcbr_update_ios().
2289 	 */
2290 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, ivar->hs_tran_speed);
2291 	err = mmc_set_timing(sc, ivar, bus_timing_hs);
2292 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2293 		return (err);
2294 
2295 	/*
2296 	 * Set EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_8_DDR in EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH (and additionally
2297 	 * EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_ES for HS400ES).
2298 	 */
2299 	err = mmc_set_card_bus_width(sc, ivar, max_timing);
2300 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2301 		return (err);
2302 	mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, ivar->bus_width);
2303 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2304 
2305 	/* Finally, switch to HS400/HS400ES mode. */
2306 	err = mmc_set_timing(sc, ivar, max_timing);
2307 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2308 		return (err);
2309 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, clock);
2310 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2311 	return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
2312 }
2313 
2314 /*
2315  * Switch from HS400 to HS200 (for re-tuning).
2316  */
2317 static int
2318 mmc_switch_to_hs200(struct mmc_softc *sc, struct mmc_ivars *ivar,
2319     uint32_t clock)
2320 {
2321 	device_t dev;
2322 	int err;
2323 
2324 	dev = sc->dev;
2325 
2326 	/*
2327 	 * Both clock and timing must initially be set as appropriate for
2328 	 * DDR52 before eventually switching to HS200; mmc_set_timing()
2329 	 * will issue mmcbr_update_ios().
2330 	 */
2331 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, ivar->hs_tran_speed);
2332 	err = mmc_set_timing(sc, ivar, bus_timing_mmc_ddr52);
2333 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2334 		return (err);
2335 
2336 	/*
2337 	 * Next, switch to high speed.  Thus, clear EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH_n_DDR
2338 	 * in EXT_CSD_BUS_WIDTH and update bus width and timing in ios.
2339 	 */
2340 	err = mmc_set_card_bus_width(sc, ivar, bus_timing_hs);
2341 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2342 		return (err);
2343 	mmcbr_set_bus_width(dev, ivar->bus_width);
2344 	mmcbr_set_timing(sc->dev, bus_timing_hs);
2345 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2346 
2347 	/* Finally, switch to HS200 mode. */
2348 	err = mmc_set_timing(sc, ivar, bus_timing_mmc_hs200);
2349 	if (err != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2350 		return (err);
2351 	mmcbr_set_clock(dev, clock);
2352 	mmcbr_update_ios(dev);
2353 	return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
2354 }
2355 
2356 static int
2357 mmc_retune(device_t busdev, device_t dev, bool reset)
2358 {
2359 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
2360 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar;
2361 	int err;
2362 	uint32_t clock;
2363 	enum mmc_bus_timing timing;
2364 
2365 	if (device_get_parent(dev) != busdev)
2366 		return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
2367 
2368 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
2369 	if (sc->retune_needed != 1 && sc->retune_paused != 0)
2370 		return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
2371 
2372 	timing = mmcbr_get_timing(busdev);
2373 	if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400) {
2374 		/*
2375 		 * Controllers use the data strobe line to latch data from
2376 		 * the devices in HS400 mode so periodic re-tuning isn't
2377 		 * expected to be required, i. e. only if a CRC or tuning
2378 		 * error is signaled to the bridge.  In these latter cases
2379 		 * we are asked to reset the tuning circuit and need to do
2380 		 * the switch timing dance.
2381 		 */
2382 		if (reset == false)
2383 			return (0);
2384 		ivar = device_get_ivars(dev);
2385 		clock = mmcbr_get_clock(busdev);
2386 		if (mmc_switch_to_hs200(sc, ivar, clock) != MMC_ERR_NONE)
2387 			return (MMC_ERR_BADCRC);
2388 	}
2389 	err = mmcbr_retune(busdev, reset);
2390 	if (err != 0 && timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400)
2391 		return (MMC_ERR_BADCRC);
2392 	switch (err) {
2393 	case 0:
2394 		break;
2395 	case EIO:
2396 		return (MMC_ERR_FAILED);
2397 	default:
2398 		return (MMC_ERR_INVALID);
2399 	}
2400 	if (timing == bus_timing_mmc_hs400) {
2401 		if (mmc_switch_to_hs400(sc, ivar, clock, timing) !=
2402 		    MMC_ERR_NONE)
2403 			return (MMC_ERR_BADCRC);
2404 	}
2405 	return (MMC_ERR_NONE);
2406 }
2407 
2408 static void
2409 mmc_retune_pause(device_t busdev, device_t dev, bool retune)
2410 {
2411 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
2412 
2413 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
2414 	KASSERT(device_get_parent(dev) == busdev,
2415 	    ("%s: %s is not a child of %s", __func__, device_get_nameunit(dev),
2416 	    device_get_nameunit(busdev)));
2417 	KASSERT(sc->owner != NULL,
2418 	    ("%s: Request from %s without bus being acquired.", __func__,
2419 	    device_get_nameunit(dev)));
2420 
2421 	if (retune == true && sc->retune_paused == 0)
2422 		sc->retune_needed = 1;
2423 	sc->retune_paused++;
2424 }
2425 
2426 static void
2427 mmc_retune_unpause(device_t busdev, device_t dev)
2428 {
2429 	struct mmc_softc *sc;
2430 
2431 	sc = device_get_softc(busdev);
2432 	KASSERT(device_get_parent(dev) == busdev,
2433 	    ("%s: %s is not a child of %s", __func__, device_get_nameunit(dev),
2434 	    device_get_nameunit(busdev)));
2435 	KASSERT(sc->owner != NULL,
2436 	    ("%s: Request from %s without bus being acquired.", __func__,
2437 	    device_get_nameunit(dev)));
2438 	KASSERT(sc->retune_paused != 0,
2439 	    ("%s: Re-tune pause count already at 0", __func__));
2440 
2441 	sc->retune_paused--;
2442 }
2443 
2444 static void
2445 mmc_scan(struct mmc_softc *sc)
2446 {
2447 	device_t dev = sc->dev;
2448 	int err;
2449 
2450 	err = mmc_acquire_bus(dev, dev);
2451 	if (err != 0) {
2452 		device_printf(dev, "Failed to acquire bus for scanning\n");
2453 		return;
2454 	}
2455 	mmc_go_discovery(sc);
2456 	err = mmc_release_bus(dev, dev);
2457 	if (err != 0) {
2458 		device_printf(dev, "Failed to release bus after scanning\n");
2459 		return;
2460 	}
2461 	(void)bus_generic_attach(dev);
2462 }
2463 
2464 static int
2465 mmc_read_ivar(device_t bus, device_t child, int which, uintptr_t *result)
2466 {
2467 	struct mmc_ivars *ivar = device_get_ivars(child);
2468 
2469 	switch (which) {
2470 	default:
2471 		return (EINVAL);
2472 	case MMC_IVAR_SPEC_VERS:
2473 		*result = ivar->csd.spec_vers;
2474 		break;
2475 	case MMC_IVAR_DSR_IMP:
2476 		*result = ivar->csd.dsr_imp;
2477 		break;
2478 	case MMC_IVAR_MEDIA_SIZE:
2479 		*result = ivar->sec_count;
2480 		break;
2481 	case MMC_IVAR_RCA:
2482 		*result = ivar->rca;
2483 		break;
2484 	case MMC_IVAR_SECTOR_SIZE:
2485 		*result = MMC_SECTOR_SIZE;
2486 		break;
2487 	case MMC_IVAR_TRAN_SPEED:
2488 		*result = mmcbr_get_clock(bus);
2489 		break;
2490 	case MMC_IVAR_READ_ONLY:
2491 		*result = ivar->read_only;
2492 		break;
2493 	case MMC_IVAR_HIGH_CAP:
2494 		*result = ivar->high_cap;
2495 		break;
2496 	case MMC_IVAR_CARD_TYPE:
2497 		*result = ivar->mode;
2498 		break;
2499 	case MMC_IVAR_BUS_WIDTH:
2500 		*result = ivar->bus_width;
2501 		break;
2502 	case MMC_IVAR_ERASE_SECTOR:
2503 		*result = ivar->erase_sector;
2504 		break;
2505 	case MMC_IVAR_MAX_DATA:
2506 		*result = mmcbr_get_max_data(bus);
2507 		break;
2508 	case MMC_IVAR_CMD6_TIMEOUT:
2509 		*result = ivar->cmd6_time;
2510 		break;
2511 	case MMC_IVAR_QUIRKS:
2512 		*result = ivar->quirks;
2513 		break;
2514 	case MMC_IVAR_CARD_ID_STRING:
2515 		*(char **)result = ivar->card_id_string;
2516 		break;
2517 	case MMC_IVAR_CARD_SN_STRING:
2518 		*(char **)result = ivar->card_sn_string;
2519 		break;
2520 	}
2521 	return (0);
2522 }
2523 
2524 static int
2525 mmc_write_ivar(device_t bus, device_t child, int which, uintptr_t value)
2526 {
2527 
2528 	/*
2529 	 * None are writable ATM
2530 	 */
2531 	return (EINVAL);
2532 }
2533 
2534 static void
2535 mmc_delayed_attach(void *xsc)
2536 {
2537 	struct mmc_softc *sc = xsc;
2538 
2539 	mmc_scan(sc);
2540 	config_intrhook_disestablish(&sc->config_intrhook);
2541 }
2542 
2543 static int
2544 mmc_child_location(device_t dev, device_t child, struct sbuf *sb)
2545 {
2546 
2547 	sbuf_printf(sb, "rca=0x%04x", mmc_get_rca(child));
2548 	return (0);
2549 }
2550 
2551 static device_method_t mmc_methods[] = {
2552 	/* device_if */
2553 	DEVMETHOD(device_probe, mmc_probe),
2554 	DEVMETHOD(device_attach, mmc_attach),
2555 	DEVMETHOD(device_detach, mmc_detach),
2556 	DEVMETHOD(device_suspend, mmc_suspend),
2557 	DEVMETHOD(device_resume, mmc_resume),
2558 
2559 	/* Bus interface */
2560 	DEVMETHOD(bus_read_ivar, mmc_read_ivar),
2561 	DEVMETHOD(bus_write_ivar, mmc_write_ivar),
2562 	DEVMETHOD(bus_child_location, mmc_child_location),
2563 
2564 	/* MMC Bus interface */
2565 	DEVMETHOD(mmcbus_retune_pause, mmc_retune_pause),
2566 	DEVMETHOD(mmcbus_retune_unpause, mmc_retune_unpause),
2567 	DEVMETHOD(mmcbus_wait_for_request, mmc_wait_for_request),
2568 	DEVMETHOD(mmcbus_acquire_bus, mmc_acquire_bus),
2569 	DEVMETHOD(mmcbus_release_bus, mmc_release_bus),
2570 
2571 	DEVMETHOD_END
2572 };
2573 
2574 driver_t mmc_driver = {
2575 	"mmc",
2576 	mmc_methods,
2577 	sizeof(struct mmc_softc),
2578 };
2579 
2580 MODULE_VERSION(mmc, MMC_VERSION);
2581