xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/hyperv/netvsc/if_hn.c (revision c49d47daf37f7cddef07e456565ad6f2270de773)

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 2010-2012 Citrix Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 2009-2012,2016-2017 Microsoft Corp.
 * Copyright (c) 2012 NetApp Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
 *    disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 Kip Macy
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");

#include "opt_hn.h"
#include "opt_inet6.h"
#include "opt_inet.h"
#include "opt_rss.h"

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/bus.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/limits.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/mbuf.h>
#include <sys/module.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/rmlock.h>
#include <sys/sbuf.h>
#include <sys/smp.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/sockio.h>
#include <sys/sx.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/taskqueue.h>
#include <sys/buf_ring.h>
#include <sys/eventhandler.h>

#include <machine/atomic.h>
#include <machine/in_cksum.h>

#include <net/bpf.h>
#include <net/ethernet.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_dl.h>
#include <net/if_media.h>
#include <net/if_types.h>
#include <net/if_var.h>
#include <net/rndis.h>
#ifdef RSS
#include <net/rss_config.h>
#endif

#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/ip6.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <netinet/tcp_lro.h>
#include <netinet/udp.h>

#include <dev/hyperv/include/hyperv.h>
#include <dev/hyperv/include/hyperv_busdma.h>
#include <dev/hyperv/include/vmbus.h>
#include <dev/hyperv/include/vmbus_xact.h>

#include <dev/hyperv/netvsc/ndis.h>
#include <dev/hyperv/netvsc/if_hnreg.h>
#include <dev/hyperv/netvsc/if_hnvar.h>
#include <dev/hyperv/netvsc/hn_nvs.h>
#include <dev/hyperv/netvsc/hn_rndis.h>

#include "vmbus_if.h"

#define HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT

#define HN_RING_CNT_DEF_MAX		8

#define HN_VFMAP_SIZE_DEF		8

#define HN_XPNT_VF_ATTWAIT_MIN		2	/* seconds */

/* YYY should get it from the underlying channel */
#define HN_TX_DESC_CNT			512

#define HN_RNDIS_PKT_LEN					\
	(sizeof(struct rndis_packet_msg) +			\
	 HN_RNDIS_PKTINFO_SIZE(HN_NDIS_HASH_VALUE_SIZE) +	\
	 HN_RNDIS_PKTINFO_SIZE(NDIS_VLAN_INFO_SIZE) +		\
	 HN_RNDIS_PKTINFO_SIZE(NDIS_LSO2_INFO_SIZE) +		\
	 HN_RNDIS_PKTINFO_SIZE(NDIS_TXCSUM_INFO_SIZE))
#define HN_RNDIS_PKT_BOUNDARY		PAGE_SIZE
#define HN_RNDIS_PKT_ALIGN		CACHE_LINE_SIZE

#define HN_TX_DATA_BOUNDARY		PAGE_SIZE
#define HN_TX_DATA_MAXSIZE		IP_MAXPACKET
#define HN_TX_DATA_SEGSIZE		PAGE_SIZE
/* -1 for RNDIS packet message */
#define HN_TX_DATA_SEGCNT_MAX		(HN_GPACNT_MAX - 1)

#define HN_DIRECT_TX_SIZE_DEF		128

#define HN_EARLY_TXEOF_THRESH		8

#define HN_PKTBUF_LEN_DEF		(16 * 1024)

#define HN_LROENT_CNT_DEF		128

#define HN_LRO_LENLIM_MULTIRX_DEF	(12 * ETHERMTU)
#define HN_LRO_LENLIM_DEF		(25 * ETHERMTU)
/* YYY 2*MTU is a bit rough, but should be good enough. */
#define HN_LRO_LENLIM_MIN(ifp)		(2 * (ifp)->if_mtu)

#define HN_LRO_ACKCNT_DEF		1

#define HN_LOCK_INIT(sc)		\
	sx_init(&(sc)->hn_lock, device_get_nameunit((sc)->hn_dev))
#define HN_LOCK_DESTROY(sc)		sx_destroy(&(sc)->hn_lock)
#define HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc)		sx_assert(&(sc)->hn_lock, SA_XLOCKED)
#define HN_LOCK(sc)					\
do {							\
	while (sx_try_xlock(&(sc)->hn_lock) == 0)	\
		DELAY(1000);				\
} while (0)
#define HN_UNLOCK(sc)			sx_xunlock(&(sc)->hn_lock)

#define HN_CSUM_IP_MASK			(CSUM_IP | CSUM_IP_TCP | CSUM_IP_UDP)
#define HN_CSUM_IP6_MASK		(CSUM_IP6_TCP | CSUM_IP6_UDP)
#define HN_CSUM_IP_HWASSIST(sc)		\
	((sc)->hn_tx_ring[0].hn_csum_assist & HN_CSUM_IP_MASK)
#define HN_CSUM_IP6_HWASSIST(sc)	\
	((sc)->hn_tx_ring[0].hn_csum_assist & HN_CSUM_IP6_MASK)

#define HN_PKTSIZE_MIN(align)		\
	roundup2(ETHER_MIN_LEN + ETHER_VLAN_ENCAP_LEN - ETHER_CRC_LEN + \
	    HN_RNDIS_PKT_LEN, (align))
#define HN_PKTSIZE(m, align)		\
	roundup2((m)->m_pkthdr.len + HN_RNDIS_PKT_LEN, (align))

#ifdef RSS
#define HN_RING_IDX2CPU(sc, idx)	rss_getcpu((idx) % rss_getnumbuckets())
#else
#define HN_RING_IDX2CPU(sc, idx)	(((sc)->hn_cpu + (idx)) % mp_ncpus)
#endif

struct hn_txdesc {
#ifndef HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING
	SLIST_ENTRY(hn_txdesc)		link;
#endif
	STAILQ_ENTRY(hn_txdesc)		agg_link;

	/* Aggregated txdescs, in sending order. */
	STAILQ_HEAD(, hn_txdesc)	agg_list;

	/* The oldest packet, if transmission aggregation happens. */
	struct mbuf			*m;
	struct hn_tx_ring		*txr;
	int				refs;
	uint32_t			flags;	/* HN_TXD_FLAG_ */
	struct hn_nvs_sendctx		send_ctx;
	uint32_t			chim_index;
	int				chim_size;

	bus_dmamap_t			data_dmap;

	bus_addr_t			rndis_pkt_paddr;
	struct rndis_packet_msg		*rndis_pkt;
	bus_dmamap_t			rndis_pkt_dmap;
};

#define HN_TXD_FLAG_ONLIST		0x0001
#define HN_TXD_FLAG_DMAMAP		0x0002
#define HN_TXD_FLAG_ONAGG		0x0004

struct hn_rxinfo {
	uint32_t			vlan_info;
	uint32_t			csum_info;
	uint32_t			hash_info;
	uint32_t			hash_value;
};

struct hn_rxvf_setarg {
	struct hn_rx_ring	*rxr;
	struct ifnet		*vf_ifp;
};

#define HN_RXINFO_VLAN			0x0001
#define HN_RXINFO_CSUM			0x0002
#define HN_RXINFO_HASHINF		0x0004
#define HN_RXINFO_HASHVAL		0x0008
#define HN_RXINFO_ALL			\
	(HN_RXINFO_VLAN |		\
	 HN_RXINFO_CSUM |		\
	 HN_RXINFO_HASHINF |		\
	 HN_RXINFO_HASHVAL)

#define HN_NDIS_VLAN_INFO_INVALID	0xffffffff
#define HN_NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_INVALID	0
#define HN_NDIS_HASH_INFO_INVALID	0

static int			hn_probe(device_t);
static int			hn_attach(device_t);
static int			hn_detach(device_t);
static int			hn_shutdown(device_t);
static void			hn_chan_callback(struct vmbus_channel *,
				    void *);

static void			hn_init(void *);
static int			hn_ioctl(struct ifnet *, u_long, caddr_t);
#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT
static void			hn_start(struct ifnet *);
#endif
static int			hn_transmit(struct ifnet *, struct mbuf *);
static void			hn_xmit_qflush(struct ifnet *);
static int			hn_ifmedia_upd(struct ifnet *);
static void			hn_ifmedia_sts(struct ifnet *,
				    struct ifmediareq *);

static void			hn_ifnet_event(void *, struct ifnet *, int);
static void			hn_ifaddr_event(void *, struct ifnet *);
static void			hn_ifnet_attevent(void *, struct ifnet *);
static void			hn_ifnet_detevent(void *, struct ifnet *);
static void			hn_ifnet_lnkevent(void *, struct ifnet *, int);

static bool			hn_ismyvf(const struct hn_softc *,
				    const struct ifnet *);
static void			hn_rxvf_change(struct hn_softc *,
				    struct ifnet *, bool);
static void			hn_rxvf_set(struct hn_softc *, struct ifnet *);
static void			hn_rxvf_set_task(void *, int);
static void			hn_xpnt_vf_input(struct ifnet *, struct mbuf *);
static int			hn_xpnt_vf_iocsetflags(struct hn_softc *);
static int			hn_xpnt_vf_iocsetcaps(struct hn_softc *,
				    struct ifreq *);
static void			hn_xpnt_vf_saveifflags(struct hn_softc *);
static bool			hn_xpnt_vf_isready(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_xpnt_vf_setready(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_xpnt_vf_init_taskfunc(void *, int);
static void			hn_xpnt_vf_init(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_xpnt_vf_setenable(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_xpnt_vf_setdisable(struct hn_softc *, bool);
static void			hn_vf_rss_fixup(struct hn_softc *, bool);
static void			hn_vf_rss_restore(struct hn_softc *);

static int			hn_rndis_rxinfo(const void *, int,
				    struct hn_rxinfo *);
static void			hn_rndis_rx_data(struct hn_rx_ring *,
				    const void *, int);
static void			hn_rndis_rx_status(struct hn_softc *,
				    const void *, int);
static void			hn_rndis_init_fixat(struct hn_softc *, int);

static void			hn_nvs_handle_notify(struct hn_softc *,
				    const struct vmbus_chanpkt_hdr *);
static void			hn_nvs_handle_comp(struct hn_softc *,
				    struct vmbus_channel *,
				    const struct vmbus_chanpkt_hdr *);
static void			hn_nvs_handle_rxbuf(struct hn_rx_ring *,
				    struct vmbus_channel *,
				    const struct vmbus_chanpkt_hdr *);
static void			hn_nvs_ack_rxbuf(struct hn_rx_ring *,
				    struct vmbus_channel *, uint64_t);

#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100099
static int			hn_lro_lenlim_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_lro_ackcnt_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
#endif
static int			hn_trust_hcsum_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_chim_size_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
#if __FreeBSD_version < 1100095
static int			hn_rx_stat_int_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
#else
static int			hn_rx_stat_u64_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
#endif
static int			hn_rx_stat_ulong_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_tx_stat_ulong_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_tx_conf_int_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_ndis_version_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_caps_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_hwassist_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_rxfilter_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
#ifndef RSS
static int			hn_rss_key_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_rss_ind_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
#endif
static int			hn_rss_hash_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_rss_hcap_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_rss_mbuf_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_txagg_size_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_txagg_pkts_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_txagg_pktmax_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_txagg_align_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_polling_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_vf_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_rxvf_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_vflist_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_vfmap_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_xpnt_vf_accbpf_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static int			hn_xpnt_vf_enabled_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);

static void			hn_stop(struct hn_softc *, bool);
static void			hn_init_locked(struct hn_softc *);
static int			hn_chan_attach(struct hn_softc *,
				    struct vmbus_channel *);
static void			hn_chan_detach(struct hn_softc *,
				    struct vmbus_channel *);
static int			hn_attach_subchans(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_detach_allchans(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_chan_rollup(struct hn_rx_ring *,
				    struct hn_tx_ring *);
static void			hn_set_ring_inuse(struct hn_softc *, int);
static int			hn_synth_attach(struct hn_softc *, int);
static void			hn_synth_detach(struct hn_softc *);
static int			hn_synth_alloc_subchans(struct hn_softc *,
				    int *);
static bool			hn_synth_attachable(const struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_suspend(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_suspend_data(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_suspend_mgmt(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_resume(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_resume_data(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_resume_mgmt(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_suspend_mgmt_taskfunc(void *, int);
static void			hn_chan_drain(struct hn_softc *,
				    struct vmbus_channel *);
static void			hn_disable_rx(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_drain_rxtx(struct hn_softc *, int);
static void			hn_polling(struct hn_softc *, u_int);
static void			hn_chan_polling(struct vmbus_channel *, u_int);
static void			hn_mtu_change_fixup(struct hn_softc *);

static void			hn_update_link_status(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_change_network(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_link_taskfunc(void *, int);
static void			hn_netchg_init_taskfunc(void *, int);
static void			hn_netchg_status_taskfunc(void *, int);
static void			hn_link_status(struct hn_softc *);

static int			hn_create_rx_data(struct hn_softc *, int);
static void			hn_destroy_rx_data(struct hn_softc *);
static int			hn_check_iplen(const struct mbuf *, int);
static int			hn_set_rxfilter(struct hn_softc *, uint32_t);
static int			hn_rxfilter_config(struct hn_softc *);
#ifndef RSS
static int			hn_rss_reconfig(struct hn_softc *);
#endif
static void			hn_rss_ind_fixup(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_rss_mbuf_hash(struct hn_softc *, uint32_t);
static int			hn_rxpkt(struct hn_rx_ring *, const void *,
				    int, const struct hn_rxinfo *);
static uint32_t			hn_rss_type_fromndis(uint32_t);
static uint32_t			hn_rss_type_tondis(uint32_t);

static int			hn_tx_ring_create(struct hn_softc *, int);
static void			hn_tx_ring_destroy(struct hn_tx_ring *);
static int			hn_create_tx_data(struct hn_softc *, int);
static void			hn_fixup_tx_data(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_destroy_tx_data(struct hn_softc *);
static void			hn_txdesc_dmamap_destroy(struct hn_txdesc *);
static void			hn_txdesc_gc(struct hn_tx_ring *,
				    struct hn_txdesc *);
static int			hn_encap(struct ifnet *, struct hn_tx_ring *,
				    struct hn_txdesc *, struct mbuf **);
static int			hn_txpkt(struct ifnet *, struct hn_tx_ring *,
				    struct hn_txdesc *);
static void			hn_set_chim_size(struct hn_softc *, int);
static void			hn_set_tso_maxsize(struct hn_softc *, int, int);
static bool			hn_tx_ring_pending(struct hn_tx_ring *);
static void			hn_tx_ring_qflush(struct hn_tx_ring *);
static void			hn_resume_tx(struct hn_softc *, int);
static void			hn_set_txagg(struct hn_softc *);
static void			*hn_try_txagg(struct ifnet *,
				    struct hn_tx_ring *, struct hn_txdesc *,
				    int);
static int			hn_get_txswq_depth(const struct hn_tx_ring *);
static void			hn_txpkt_done(struct hn_nvs_sendctx *,
				    struct hn_softc *, struct vmbus_channel *,
				    const void *, int);
static int			hn_txpkt_sglist(struct hn_tx_ring *,
				    struct hn_txdesc *);
static int			hn_txpkt_chim(struct hn_tx_ring *,
				    struct hn_txdesc *);
static int			hn_xmit(struct hn_tx_ring *, int);
static void			hn_xmit_taskfunc(void *, int);
static void			hn_xmit_txeof(struct hn_tx_ring *);
static void			hn_xmit_txeof_taskfunc(void *, int);
#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT
static int			hn_start_locked(struct hn_tx_ring *, int);
static void			hn_start_taskfunc(void *, int);
static void			hn_start_txeof(struct hn_tx_ring *);
static void			hn_start_txeof_taskfunc(void *, int);
#endif

SYSCTL_NODE(_hw, OID_AUTO, hn, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, NULL,
    "Hyper-V network interface");

/* Trust tcp segements verification on host side. */
static int			hn_trust_hosttcp = 1;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, trust_hosttcp, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_trust_hosttcp, 0,
    "Trust tcp segement verification on host side, "
    "when csum info is missing (global setting)");

/* Trust udp datagrams verification on host side. */
static int			hn_trust_hostudp = 1;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, trust_hostudp, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_trust_hostudp, 0,
    "Trust udp datagram verification on host side, "
    "when csum info is missing (global setting)");

/* Trust ip packets verification on host side. */
static int			hn_trust_hostip = 1;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, trust_hostip, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_trust_hostip, 0,
    "Trust ip packet verification on host side, "
    "when csum info is missing (global setting)");

/* Limit TSO burst size */
static int			hn_tso_maxlen = IP_MAXPACKET;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, tso_maxlen, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_tso_maxlen, 0, "TSO burst limit");

/* Limit chimney send size */
static int			hn_tx_chimney_size = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, tx_chimney_size, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_tx_chimney_size, 0, "Chimney send packet size limit");

/* Limit the size of packet for direct transmission */
static int			hn_direct_tx_size = HN_DIRECT_TX_SIZE_DEF;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, direct_tx_size, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_direct_tx_size, 0, "Size of the packet for direct transmission");

/* # of LRO entries per RX ring */
#if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100095
static int			hn_lro_entry_count = HN_LROENT_CNT_DEF;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, lro_entry_count, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_lro_entry_count, 0, "LRO entry count");
#endif
#endif

static int			hn_tx_taskq_cnt = 1;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, tx_taskq_cnt, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_tx_taskq_cnt, 0, "# of TX taskqueues");

#define HN_TX_TASKQ_M_INDEP	0
#define HN_TX_TASKQ_M_GLOBAL	1
#define HN_TX_TASKQ_M_EVTTQ	2

static int			hn_tx_taskq_mode = HN_TX_TASKQ_M_INDEP;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, tx_taskq_mode, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_tx_taskq_mode, 0, "TX taskqueue modes: "
    "0 - independent, 1 - share global tx taskqs, 2 - share event taskqs");

#ifndef HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING
static int			hn_use_txdesc_bufring = 0;
#else
static int			hn_use_txdesc_bufring = 1;
#endif
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, use_txdesc_bufring, CTLFLAG_RD,
    &hn_use_txdesc_bufring, 0, "Use buf_ring for TX descriptors");

#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT
/* Use ifnet.if_start instead of ifnet.if_transmit */
static int			hn_use_if_start = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, use_if_start, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_use_if_start, 0, "Use if_start TX method");
#endif

/* # of channels to use */
static int			hn_chan_cnt = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, chan_cnt, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_chan_cnt, 0,
    "# of channels to use; each channel has one RX ring and one TX ring");

/* # of transmit rings to use */
static int			hn_tx_ring_cnt = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, tx_ring_cnt, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_tx_ring_cnt, 0, "# of TX rings to use");

/* Software TX ring deptch */
static int			hn_tx_swq_depth = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, tx_swq_depth, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_tx_swq_depth, 0, "Depth of IFQ or BUFRING");

/* Enable sorted LRO, and the depth of the per-channel mbuf queue */
#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100095
static u_int			hn_lro_mbufq_depth = 0;
SYSCTL_UINT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, lro_mbufq_depth, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_lro_mbufq_depth, 0, "Depth of LRO mbuf queue");
#endif

/* Packet transmission aggregation size limit */
static int			hn_tx_agg_size = -1;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, tx_agg_size, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_tx_agg_size, 0, "Packet transmission aggregation size limit");

/* Packet transmission aggregation count limit */
static int			hn_tx_agg_pkts = -1;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, tx_agg_pkts, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_tx_agg_pkts, 0, "Packet transmission aggregation packet limit");

/* VF list */
SYSCTL_PROC(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, vflist, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLTYPE_STRING,
    0, 0, hn_vflist_sysctl, "A", "VF list");

/* VF mapping */
SYSCTL_PROC(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, vfmap, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLTYPE_STRING,
    0, 0, hn_vfmap_sysctl, "A", "VF mapping");

/* Transparent VF */
static int			hn_xpnt_vf = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, vf_transparent, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_xpnt_vf, 0, "Transparent VF mod");

/* Accurate BPF support for Transparent VF */
static int			hn_xpnt_vf_accbpf = 0;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, vf_xpnt_accbpf, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
    &hn_xpnt_vf_accbpf, 0, "Accurate BPF for transparent VF");

/* Extra wait for transparent VF attach routing; unit seconds. */
static int			hn_xpnt_vf_attwait = HN_XPNT_VF_ATTWAIT_MIN;
SYSCTL_INT(_hw_hn, OID_AUTO, vf_xpnt_attwait, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
    &hn_xpnt_vf_attwait, 0,
    "Extra wait for transparent VF attach routing; unit: seconds");

static u_int			hn_cpu_index;	/* next CPU for channel */
static struct taskqueue		**hn_tx_taskque;/* shared TX taskqueues */

static struct rmlock		hn_vfmap_lock;
static int			hn_vfmap_size;
static struct ifnet		**hn_vfmap;

#ifndef RSS
static const uint8_t
hn_rss_key_default[NDIS_HASH_KEYSIZE_TOEPLITZ] = {
	0x6d, 0x5a, 0x56, 0xda, 0x25, 0x5b, 0x0e, 0xc2,
	0x41, 0x67, 0x25, 0x3d, 0x43, 0xa3, 0x8f, 0xb0,
	0xd0, 0xca, 0x2b, 0xcb, 0xae, 0x7b, 0x30, 0xb4,
	0x77, 0xcb, 0x2d, 0xa3, 0x80, 0x30, 0xf2, 0x0c,
	0x6a, 0x42, 0xb7, 0x3b, 0xbe, 0xac, 0x01, 0xfa
};
#endif	/* !RSS */

static const struct hyperv_guid	hn_guid = {
	.hv_guid = {
	    0x63, 0x51, 0x61, 0xf8, 0x3e, 0xdf, 0xc5, 0x46,
	    0x91, 0x3f, 0xf2, 0xd2, 0xf9, 0x65, 0xed, 0x0e }
};

static device_method_t hn_methods[] = {
	/* Device interface */
	DEVMETHOD(device_probe,		hn_probe),
	DEVMETHOD(device_attach,	hn_attach),
	DEVMETHOD(device_detach,	hn_detach),
	DEVMETHOD(device_shutdown,	hn_shutdown),
	DEVMETHOD_END
};

static driver_t hn_driver = {
	"hn",
	hn_methods,
	sizeof(struct hn_softc)
};

static devclass_t hn_devclass;

DRIVER_MODULE(hn, vmbus, hn_driver, hn_devclass, 0, 0);
MODULE_VERSION(hn, 1);
MODULE_DEPEND(hn, vmbus, 1, 1, 1);

#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100099
static void
hn_set_lro_lenlim(struct hn_softc *sc, int lenlim)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i)
		sc->hn_rx_ring[i].hn_lro.lro_length_lim = lenlim;
}
#endif

static int
hn_txpkt_sglist(struct hn_tx_ring *txr, struct hn_txdesc *txd)
{

	KASSERT(txd->chim_index == HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID &&
	    txd->chim_size == 0, ("invalid rndis sglist txd"));
	return (hn_nvs_send_rndis_sglist(txr->hn_chan, HN_NVS_RNDIS_MTYPE_DATA,
	    &txd->send_ctx, txr->hn_gpa, txr->hn_gpa_cnt));
}

static int
hn_txpkt_chim(struct hn_tx_ring *txr, struct hn_txdesc *txd)
{
	struct hn_nvs_rndis rndis;

	KASSERT(txd->chim_index != HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID &&
	    txd->chim_size > 0, ("invalid rndis chim txd"));

	rndis.nvs_type = HN_NVS_TYPE_RNDIS;
	rndis.nvs_rndis_mtype = HN_NVS_RNDIS_MTYPE_DATA;
	rndis.nvs_chim_idx = txd->chim_index;
	rndis.nvs_chim_sz = txd->chim_size;

	return (hn_nvs_send(txr->hn_chan, VMBUS_CHANPKT_FLAG_RC,
	    &rndis, sizeof(rndis), &txd->send_ctx));
}

static __inline uint32_t
hn_chim_alloc(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	int i, bmap_cnt = sc->hn_chim_bmap_cnt;
	u_long *bmap = sc->hn_chim_bmap;
	uint32_t ret = HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID;

	for (i = 0; i < bmap_cnt; ++i) {
		int idx;

		idx = ffsl(~bmap[i]);
		if (idx == 0)
			continue;

		--idx; /* ffsl is 1-based */
		KASSERT(i * LONG_BIT + idx < sc->hn_chim_cnt,
		    ("invalid i %d and idx %d", i, idx));

		if (atomic_testandset_long(&bmap[i], idx))
			continue;

		ret = i * LONG_BIT + idx;
		break;
	}
	return (ret);
}

static __inline void
hn_chim_free(struct hn_softc *sc, uint32_t chim_idx)
{
	u_long mask;
	uint32_t idx;

	idx = chim_idx / LONG_BIT;
	KASSERT(idx < sc->hn_chim_bmap_cnt,
	    ("invalid chimney index 0x%x", chim_idx));

	mask = 1UL << (chim_idx % LONG_BIT);
	KASSERT(sc->hn_chim_bmap[idx] & mask,
	    ("index bitmap 0x%lx, chimney index %u, "
	     "bitmap idx %d, bitmask 0x%lx",
	     sc->hn_chim_bmap[idx], chim_idx, idx, mask));

	atomic_clear_long(&sc->hn_chim_bmap[idx], mask);
}

#if defined(INET6) || defined(INET)

#define PULLUP_HDR(m, len)				\
do {							\
	if (__predict_false((m)->m_len < (len))) {	\
		(m) = m_pullup((m), (len));		\
		if ((m) == NULL)			\
			return (NULL);			\
	}						\
} while (0)

/*
 * NOTE: If this function failed, the m_head would be freed.
 */
static __inline struct mbuf *
hn_tso_fixup(struct mbuf *m_head)
{
	struct ether_vlan_header *evl;
	struct tcphdr *th;
	int ehlen;

	KASSERT(M_WRITABLE(m_head), ("TSO mbuf not writable"));

	PULLUP_HDR(m_head, sizeof(*evl));
	evl = mtod(m_head, struct ether_vlan_header *);
	if (evl->evl_encap_proto == ntohs(ETHERTYPE_VLAN))
		ehlen = ETHER_HDR_LEN + ETHER_VLAN_ENCAP_LEN;
	else
		ehlen = ETHER_HDR_LEN;
	m_head->m_pkthdr.l2hlen = ehlen;

#ifdef INET
	if (m_head->m_pkthdr.csum_flags & CSUM_IP_TSO) {
		struct ip *ip;
		int iphlen;

		PULLUP_HDR(m_head, ehlen + sizeof(*ip));
		ip = mtodo(m_head, ehlen);
		iphlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
		m_head->m_pkthdr.l3hlen = iphlen;

		PULLUP_HDR(m_head, ehlen + iphlen + sizeof(*th));
		th = mtodo(m_head, ehlen + iphlen);

		ip->ip_len = 0;
		ip->ip_sum = 0;
		th->th_sum = in_pseudo(ip->ip_src.s_addr,
		    ip->ip_dst.s_addr, htons(IPPROTO_TCP));
	}
#endif
#if defined(INET6) && defined(INET)
	else
#endif
#ifdef INET6
	{
		struct ip6_hdr *ip6;

		PULLUP_HDR(m_head, ehlen + sizeof(*ip6));
		ip6 = mtodo(m_head, ehlen);
		if (ip6->ip6_nxt != IPPROTO_TCP) {
			m_freem(m_head);
			return (NULL);
		}
		m_head->m_pkthdr.l3hlen = sizeof(*ip6);

		PULLUP_HDR(m_head, ehlen + sizeof(*ip6) + sizeof(*th));
		th = mtodo(m_head, ehlen + sizeof(*ip6));

		ip6->ip6_plen = 0;
		th->th_sum = in6_cksum_pseudo(ip6, 0, IPPROTO_TCP, 0);
	}
#endif
	return (m_head);
}

/*
 * NOTE: If this function failed, the m_head would be freed.
 */
static __inline struct mbuf *
hn_set_hlen(struct mbuf *m_head)
{
	const struct ether_vlan_header *evl;
	int ehlen;

	PULLUP_HDR(m_head, sizeof(*evl));
	evl = mtod(m_head, const struct ether_vlan_header *);
	if (evl->evl_encap_proto == ntohs(ETHERTYPE_VLAN))
		ehlen = ETHER_HDR_LEN + ETHER_VLAN_ENCAP_LEN;
	else
		ehlen = ETHER_HDR_LEN;
	m_head->m_pkthdr.l2hlen = ehlen;

#ifdef INET
	if (m_head->m_pkthdr.csum_flags & (CSUM_IP_TCP | CSUM_IP_UDP)) {
		const struct ip *ip;
		int iphlen;

		PULLUP_HDR(m_head, ehlen + sizeof(*ip));
		ip = mtodo(m_head, ehlen);
		iphlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
		m_head->m_pkthdr.l3hlen = iphlen;
	}
#endif
#if defined(INET6) && defined(INET)
	else
#endif
#ifdef INET6
	{
		const struct ip6_hdr *ip6;

		PULLUP_HDR(m_head, ehlen + sizeof(*ip6));
		ip6 = mtodo(m_head, ehlen);
		if (ip6->ip6_nxt != IPPROTO_TCP) {
			m_freem(m_head);
			return (NULL);
		}
		m_head->m_pkthdr.l3hlen = sizeof(*ip6);
	}
#endif
	return (m_head);
}

/*
 * NOTE: If this function failed, the m_head would be freed.
 */
static __inline struct mbuf *
hn_check_tcpsyn(struct mbuf *m_head, int *tcpsyn)
{
	const struct tcphdr *th;
	int ehlen, iphlen;

	*tcpsyn = 0;
	ehlen = m_head->m_pkthdr.l2hlen;
	iphlen = m_head->m_pkthdr.l3hlen;

	PULLUP_HDR(m_head, ehlen + iphlen + sizeof(*th));
	th = mtodo(m_head, ehlen + iphlen);
	if (th->th_flags & TH_SYN)
		*tcpsyn = 1;
	return (m_head);
}

#undef PULLUP_HDR

#endif	/* INET6 || INET */

static int
hn_set_rxfilter(struct hn_softc *sc, uint32_t filter)
{
	int error = 0;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	if (sc->hn_rx_filter != filter) {
		error = hn_rndis_set_rxfilter(sc, filter);
		if (!error)
			sc->hn_rx_filter = filter;
	}
	return (error);
}

static int
hn_rxfilter_config(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
	uint32_t filter;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	/*
	 * If the non-transparent mode VF is activated, we don't know how
	 * its RX filter is configured, so stick the synthetic device in
	 * the promiscous mode.
	 */
	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_PROMISC) || (sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_RXVF)) {
		filter = NDIS_PACKET_TYPE_PROMISCUOUS;
	} else {
		filter = NDIS_PACKET_TYPE_DIRECTED;
		if (ifp->if_flags & IFF_BROADCAST)
			filter |= NDIS_PACKET_TYPE_BROADCAST;
		/* TODO: support multicast list */
		if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_ALLMULTI) ||
		    !TAILQ_EMPTY(&ifp->if_multiaddrs))
			filter |= NDIS_PACKET_TYPE_ALL_MULTICAST;
	}
	return (hn_set_rxfilter(sc, filter));
}

static void
hn_set_txagg(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	uint32_t size, pkts;
	int i;

	/*
	 * Setup aggregation size.
	 */
	if (sc->hn_agg_size < 0)
		size = UINT32_MAX;
	else
		size = sc->hn_agg_size;

	if (sc->hn_rndis_agg_size < size)
		size = sc->hn_rndis_agg_size;

	/* NOTE: We only aggregate packets using chimney sending buffers. */
	if (size > (uint32_t)sc->hn_chim_szmax)
		size = sc->hn_chim_szmax;

	if (size <= 2 * HN_PKTSIZE_MIN(sc->hn_rndis_agg_align)) {
		/* Disable */
		size = 0;
		pkts = 0;
		goto done;
	}

	/* NOTE: Type of the per TX ring setting is 'int'. */
	if (size > INT_MAX)
		size = INT_MAX;

	/*
	 * Setup aggregation packet count.
	 */
	if (sc->hn_agg_pkts < 0)
		pkts = UINT32_MAX;
	else
		pkts = sc->hn_agg_pkts;

	if (sc->hn_rndis_agg_pkts < pkts)
		pkts = sc->hn_rndis_agg_pkts;

	if (pkts <= 1) {
		/* Disable */
		size = 0;
		pkts = 0;
		goto done;
	}

	/* NOTE: Type of the per TX ring setting is 'short'. */
	if (pkts > SHRT_MAX)
		pkts = SHRT_MAX;

done:
	/* NOTE: Type of the per TX ring setting is 'short'. */
	if (sc->hn_rndis_agg_align > SHRT_MAX) {
		/* Disable */
		size = 0;
		pkts = 0;
	}

	if (bootverbose) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "TX agg size %u, pkts %u, align %u\n",
		    size, pkts, sc->hn_rndis_agg_align);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		struct hn_tx_ring *txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[i];

		mtx_lock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
		txr->hn_agg_szmax = size;
		txr->hn_agg_pktmax = pkts;
		txr->hn_agg_align = sc->hn_rndis_agg_align;
		mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
	}
}

static int
hn_get_txswq_depth(const struct hn_tx_ring *txr)
{

	KASSERT(txr->hn_txdesc_cnt > 0, ("tx ring is not setup yet"));
	if (hn_tx_swq_depth < txr->hn_txdesc_cnt)
		return txr->hn_txdesc_cnt;
	return hn_tx_swq_depth;
}

#ifndef RSS
static int
hn_rss_reconfig(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	int error;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED) == 0)
		return (ENXIO);

	/*
	 * Disable RSS first.
	 *
	 * NOTE:
	 * Direct reconfiguration by setting the UNCHG flags does
	 * _not_ work properly.
	 */
	if (bootverbose)
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "disable RSS\n");
	error = hn_rndis_conf_rss(sc, NDIS_RSS_FLAG_DISABLE);
	if (error) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "RSS disable failed\n");
		return (error);
	}

	/*
	 * Reenable the RSS w/ the updated RSS key or indirect
	 * table.
	 */
	if (bootverbose)
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "reconfig RSS\n");
	error = hn_rndis_conf_rss(sc, NDIS_RSS_FLAG_NONE);
	if (error) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "RSS reconfig failed\n");
		return (error);
	}
	return (0);
}
#endif	/* !RSS */

static void
hn_rss_ind_fixup(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	struct ndis_rssprm_toeplitz *rss = &sc->hn_rss;
	int i, nchan;

	nchan = sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse;
	KASSERT(nchan > 1, ("invalid # of channels %d", nchan));

	/*
	 * Check indirect table to make sure that all channels in it
	 * can be used.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < NDIS_HASH_INDCNT; ++i) {
		if (rss->rss_ind[i] >= nchan) {
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp,
			    "RSS indirect table %d fixup: %u -> %d\n",
			    i, rss->rss_ind[i], nchan - 1);
			rss->rss_ind[i] = nchan - 1;
		}
	}
}

static int
hn_ifmedia_upd(struct ifnet *ifp __unused)
{

	return EOPNOTSUPP;
}

static void
hn_ifmedia_sts(struct ifnet *ifp, struct ifmediareq *ifmr)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = ifp->if_softc;

	ifmr->ifm_status = IFM_AVALID;
	ifmr->ifm_active = IFM_ETHER;

	if ((sc->hn_link_flags & HN_LINK_FLAG_LINKUP) == 0) {
		ifmr->ifm_active |= IFM_NONE;
		return;
	}
	ifmr->ifm_status |= IFM_ACTIVE;
	ifmr->ifm_active |= IFM_10G_T | IFM_FDX;
}

static void
hn_rxvf_set_task(void *xarg, int pending __unused)
{
	struct hn_rxvf_setarg *arg = xarg;

	arg->rxr->hn_rxvf_ifp = arg->vf_ifp;
}

static void
hn_rxvf_set(struct hn_softc *sc, struct ifnet *vf_ifp)
{
	struct hn_rx_ring *rxr;
	struct hn_rxvf_setarg arg;
	struct task task;
	int i;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	TASK_INIT(&task, 0, hn_rxvf_set_task, &arg);

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[i];

		if (i < sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse) {
			arg.rxr = rxr;
			arg.vf_ifp = vf_ifp;
			vmbus_chan_run_task(rxr->hn_chan, &task);
		} else {
			rxr->hn_rxvf_ifp = vf_ifp;
		}
	}
}

static bool
hn_ismyvf(const struct hn_softc *sc, const struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	const struct ifnet *hn_ifp;

	hn_ifp = sc->hn_ifp;

	if (ifp == hn_ifp)
		return (false);

	if (ifp->if_alloctype != IFT_ETHER)
		return (false);

	/* Ignore lagg/vlan interfaces */
	if (strcmp(ifp->if_dname, "lagg") == 0 ||
	    strcmp(ifp->if_dname, "vlan") == 0)
		return (false);

	if (bcmp(IF_LLADDR(ifp), IF_LLADDR(hn_ifp), ETHER_ADDR_LEN) != 0)
		return (false);

	return (true);
}

static void
hn_rxvf_change(struct hn_softc *sc, struct ifnet *ifp, bool rxvf)
{
	struct ifnet *hn_ifp;

	HN_LOCK(sc);

	if (!(sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED))
		goto out;

	if (!hn_ismyvf(sc, ifp))
		goto out;
	hn_ifp = sc->hn_ifp;

	if (rxvf) {
		if (sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_RXVF)
			goto out;

		sc->hn_flags |= HN_FLAG_RXVF;
		hn_rxfilter_config(sc);
	} else {
		if (!(sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_RXVF))
			goto out;

		sc->hn_flags &= ~HN_FLAG_RXVF;
		if (hn_ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING)
			hn_rxfilter_config(sc);
		else
			hn_set_rxfilter(sc, NDIS_PACKET_TYPE_NONE);
	}

	hn_nvs_set_datapath(sc,
	    rxvf ? HN_NVS_DATAPATH_VF : HN_NVS_DATAPATH_SYNTH);

	hn_rxvf_set(sc, rxvf ? ifp : NULL);

	if (rxvf) {
		hn_vf_rss_fixup(sc, true);
		hn_suspend_mgmt(sc);
		sc->hn_link_flags &=
		    ~(HN_LINK_FLAG_LINKUP | HN_LINK_FLAG_NETCHG);
		if_link_state_change(hn_ifp, LINK_STATE_DOWN);
	} else {
		hn_vf_rss_restore(sc);
		hn_resume_mgmt(sc);
	}

	devctl_notify("HYPERV_NIC_VF", hn_ifp->if_xname,
	    rxvf ? "VF_UP" : "VF_DOWN", NULL);

	if (bootverbose) {
		if_printf(hn_ifp, "datapath is switched %s %s\n",
		    rxvf ? "to" : "from", ifp->if_xname);
	}
out:
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
}

static void
hn_ifnet_event(void *arg, struct ifnet *ifp, int event)
{

	if (event != IFNET_EVENT_UP && event != IFNET_EVENT_DOWN)
		return;
	hn_rxvf_change(arg, ifp, event == IFNET_EVENT_UP);
}

static void
hn_ifaddr_event(void *arg, struct ifnet *ifp)
{

	hn_rxvf_change(arg, ifp, ifp->if_flags & IFF_UP);
}

static int
hn_xpnt_vf_iocsetcaps(struct hn_softc *sc, struct ifreq *ifr)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp, *vf_ifp;
	uint64_t tmp;
	int error;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
	ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
	vf_ifp = sc->hn_vf_ifp;

	/*
	 * Fix up requested capabilities w/ supported capabilities,
	 * since the supported capabilities could have been changed.
	 */
	ifr->ifr_reqcap &= ifp->if_capabilities;
	/* Pass SIOCSIFCAP to VF. */
	error = vf_ifp->if_ioctl(vf_ifp, SIOCSIFCAP, (caddr_t)ifr);

	/*
	 * NOTE:
	 * The error will be propagated to the callers, however, it
	 * is _not_ useful here.
	 */

	/*
	 * Merge VF's enabled capabilities.
	 */
	ifp->if_capenable = vf_ifp->if_capenable & ifp->if_capabilities;

	tmp = vf_ifp->if_hwassist & HN_CSUM_IP_HWASSIST(sc);
	if (ifp->if_capenable & IFCAP_TXCSUM)
		ifp->if_hwassist |= tmp;
	else
		ifp->if_hwassist &= ~tmp;

	tmp = vf_ifp->if_hwassist & HN_CSUM_IP6_HWASSIST(sc);
	if (ifp->if_capenable & IFCAP_TXCSUM_IPV6)
		ifp->if_hwassist |= tmp;
	else
		ifp->if_hwassist &= ~tmp;

	tmp = vf_ifp->if_hwassist & CSUM_IP_TSO;
	if (ifp->if_capenable & IFCAP_TSO4)
		ifp->if_hwassist |= tmp;
	else
		ifp->if_hwassist &= ~tmp;

	tmp = vf_ifp->if_hwassist & CSUM_IP6_TSO;
	if (ifp->if_capenable & IFCAP_TSO6)
		ifp->if_hwassist |= tmp;
	else
		ifp->if_hwassist &= ~tmp;

	return (error);
}

static int
hn_xpnt_vf_iocsetflags(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	struct ifnet *vf_ifp;
	struct ifreq ifr;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
	vf_ifp = sc->hn_vf_ifp;

	memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
	strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, vf_ifp->if_xname, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
	ifr.ifr_flags = vf_ifp->if_flags & 0xffff;
	ifr.ifr_flagshigh = vf_ifp->if_flags >> 16;
	return (vf_ifp->if_ioctl(vf_ifp, SIOCSIFFLAGS, (caddr_t)&ifr));
}

static void
hn_xpnt_vf_saveifflags(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
	int allmulti = 0;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	/* XXX vlan(4) style mcast addr maintenance */
	if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&ifp->if_multiaddrs))
		allmulti = IFF_ALLMULTI;

	/* Always set the VF's if_flags */
	sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_flags = ifp->if_flags | allmulti;
}

static void
hn_xpnt_vf_input(struct ifnet *vf_ifp, struct mbuf *m)
{
	struct rm_priotracker pt;
	struct ifnet *hn_ifp = NULL;
	struct mbuf *mn;

	/*
	 * XXX racy, if hn(4) ever detached.
	 */
	rm_rlock(&hn_vfmap_lock, &pt);
	if (vf_ifp->if_index < hn_vfmap_size)
		hn_ifp = hn_vfmap[vf_ifp->if_index];
	rm_runlock(&hn_vfmap_lock, &pt);

	if (hn_ifp != NULL) {
		for (mn = m; mn != NULL; mn = mn->m_nextpkt) {
			/*
			 * Allow tapping on the VF.
			 */
			ETHER_BPF_MTAP(vf_ifp, mn);

			/*
			 * Update VF stats.
			 */
			if ((vf_ifp->if_capenable & IFCAP_HWSTATS) == 0) {
				if_inc_counter(vf_ifp, IFCOUNTER_IBYTES,
				    mn->m_pkthdr.len);
			}
			/*
			 * XXX IFCOUNTER_IMCAST
			 * This stat updating is kinda invasive, since it
			 * requires two checks on the mbuf: the length check
			 * and the ethernet header check.  As of this write,
			 * all multicast packets go directly to hn(4), which
			 * makes imcast stat updating in the VF a try in vian.
			 */

			/*
			 * Fix up rcvif and increase hn(4)'s ipackets.
			 */
			mn->m_pkthdr.rcvif = hn_ifp;
			if_inc_counter(hn_ifp, IFCOUNTER_IPACKETS, 1);
		}
		/*
		 * Go through hn(4)'s if_input.
		 */
		hn_ifp->if_input(hn_ifp, m);
	} else {
		/*
		 * In the middle of the transition; free this
		 * mbuf chain.
		 */
		while (m != NULL) {
			mn = m->m_nextpkt;
			m->m_nextpkt = NULL;
			m_freem(m);
			m = mn;
		}
	}
}

static void
hn_mtu_change_fixup(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
	ifp = sc->hn_ifp;

	hn_set_tso_maxsize(sc, hn_tso_maxlen, ifp->if_mtu);
#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100099
	if (sc->hn_rx_ring[0].hn_lro.lro_length_lim < HN_LRO_LENLIM_MIN(ifp))
		hn_set_lro_lenlim(sc, HN_LRO_LENLIM_MIN(ifp));
#endif
}

static uint32_t
hn_rss_type_fromndis(uint32_t rss_hash)
{
	uint32_t types = 0;

	if (rss_hash & NDIS_HASH_IPV4)
		types |= RSS_TYPE_IPV4;
	if (rss_hash & NDIS_HASH_TCP_IPV4)
		types |= RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV4;
	if (rss_hash & NDIS_HASH_IPV6)
		types |= RSS_TYPE_IPV6;
	if (rss_hash & NDIS_HASH_IPV6_EX)
		types |= RSS_TYPE_IPV6_EX;
	if (rss_hash & NDIS_HASH_TCP_IPV6)
		types |= RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6;
	if (rss_hash & NDIS_HASH_TCP_IPV6_EX)
		types |= RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6_EX;
	return (types);
}

static uint32_t
hn_rss_type_tondis(uint32_t types)
{
	uint32_t rss_hash = 0;

	KASSERT((types &
	(RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV4 | RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6 | RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6_EX)) == 0,
	("UDP4, UDP6 and UDP6EX are not supported"));

	if (types & RSS_TYPE_IPV4)
		rss_hash |= NDIS_HASH_IPV4;
	if (types & RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV4)
		rss_hash |= NDIS_HASH_TCP_IPV4;
	if (types & RSS_TYPE_IPV6)
		rss_hash |= NDIS_HASH_IPV6;
	if (types & RSS_TYPE_IPV6_EX)
		rss_hash |= NDIS_HASH_IPV6_EX;
	if (types & RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6)
		rss_hash |= NDIS_HASH_TCP_IPV6;
	if (types & RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6_EX)
		rss_hash |= NDIS_HASH_TCP_IPV6_EX;
	return (rss_hash);
}

static void
hn_rss_mbuf_hash(struct hn_softc *sc, uint32_t mbuf_hash)
{
	int i;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i)
		sc->hn_rx_ring[i].hn_mbuf_hash = mbuf_hash;
}

static void
hn_vf_rss_fixup(struct hn_softc *sc, bool reconf)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp, *vf_ifp;
	struct ifrsshash ifrh;
	struct ifrsskey ifrk;
	int error;
	uint32_t my_types, diff_types, mbuf_types = 0;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
	KASSERT(sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED,
	    ("%s: synthetic parts are not attached", sc->hn_ifp->if_xname));

	if (sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse == 1) {
		/* No RSS on synthetic parts; done. */
		return;
	}
	if ((sc->hn_rss_hcap & NDIS_HASH_FUNCTION_TOEPLITZ) == 0) {
		/* Synthetic parts do not support Toeplitz; done. */
		return;
	}

	ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
	vf_ifp = sc->hn_vf_ifp;

	/*
	 * Extract VF's RSS key.  Only 40 bytes key for Toeplitz is
	 * supported.
	 */
	memset(&ifrk, 0, sizeof(ifrk));
	strlcpy(ifrk.ifrk_name, vf_ifp->if_xname, sizeof(ifrk.ifrk_name));
	error = vf_ifp->if_ioctl(vf_ifp, SIOCGIFRSSKEY, (caddr_t)&ifrk);
	if (error) {
		if_printf(ifp, "%s SIOCGRSSKEY failed: %d\n",
		    vf_ifp->if_xname, error);
		goto done;
	}
	if (ifrk.ifrk_func != RSS_FUNC_TOEPLITZ) {
		if_printf(ifp, "%s RSS function %u is not Toeplitz\n",
		    vf_ifp->if_xname, ifrk.ifrk_func);
		goto done;
	}
	if (ifrk.ifrk_keylen != NDIS_HASH_KEYSIZE_TOEPLITZ) {
		if_printf(ifp, "%s invalid RSS Toeplitz key length %d\n",
		    vf_ifp->if_xname, ifrk.ifrk_keylen);
		goto done;
	}

	/*
	 * Extract VF's RSS hash.  Only Toeplitz is supported.
	 */
	memset(&ifrh, 0, sizeof(ifrh));
	strlcpy(ifrh.ifrh_name, vf_ifp->if_xname, sizeof(ifrh.ifrh_name));
	error = vf_ifp->if_ioctl(vf_ifp, SIOCGIFRSSHASH, (caddr_t)&ifrh);
	if (error) {
		if_printf(ifp, "%s SIOCGRSSHASH failed: %d\n",
		    vf_ifp->if_xname, error);
		goto done;
	}
	if (ifrh.ifrh_func != RSS_FUNC_TOEPLITZ) {
		if_printf(ifp, "%s RSS function %u is not Toeplitz\n",
		    vf_ifp->if_xname, ifrh.ifrh_func);
		goto done;
	}

	my_types = hn_rss_type_fromndis(sc->hn_rss_hcap);
	if ((ifrh.ifrh_types & my_types) == 0) {
		/* This disables RSS; ignore it then */
		if_printf(ifp, "%s intersection of RSS types failed.  "
		    "VF %#x, mine %#x\n", vf_ifp->if_xname,
		    ifrh.ifrh_types, my_types);
		goto done;
	}

	diff_types = my_types ^ ifrh.ifrh_types;
	my_types &= ifrh.ifrh_types;
	mbuf_types = my_types;

	/*
	 * Detect RSS hash value/type confliction.
	 *
	 * NOTE:
	 * We don't disable the hash type, but stop delivery the hash
	 * value/type through mbufs on RX path.
	 */
	if ((my_types & RSS_TYPE_IPV4) &&
	    (diff_types & ifrh.ifrh_types &
	     (RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV4 | RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV4))) {
		/* Conflict; disable IPV4 hash type/value delivery. */
		if_printf(ifp, "disable IPV4 mbuf hash delivery\n");
		mbuf_types &= ~RSS_TYPE_IPV4;
	}
	if ((my_types & RSS_TYPE_IPV6) &&
	    (diff_types & ifrh.ifrh_types &
	     (RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6 | RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6 |
	      RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6_EX | RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6_EX |
	      RSS_TYPE_IPV6_EX))) {
		/* Conflict; disable IPV6 hash type/value delivery. */
		if_printf(ifp, "disable IPV6 mbuf hash delivery\n");
		mbuf_types &= ~RSS_TYPE_IPV6;
	}
	if ((my_types & RSS_TYPE_IPV6_EX) &&
	    (diff_types & ifrh.ifrh_types &
	     (RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6 | RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6 |
	      RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6_EX | RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6_EX |
	      RSS_TYPE_IPV6))) {
		/* Conflict; disable IPV6_EX hash type/value delivery. */
		if_printf(ifp, "disable IPV6_EX mbuf hash delivery\n");
		mbuf_types &= ~RSS_TYPE_IPV6_EX;
	}
	if ((my_types & RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6) &&
	    (diff_types & ifrh.ifrh_types & RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6_EX)) {
		/* Conflict; disable TCP_IPV6 hash type/value delivery. */
		if_printf(ifp, "disable TCP_IPV6 mbuf hash delivery\n");
		mbuf_types &= ~RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6;
	}
	if ((my_types & RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6_EX) &&
	    (diff_types & ifrh.ifrh_types & RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6)) {
		/* Conflict; disable TCP_IPV6_EX hash type/value delivery. */
		if_printf(ifp, "disable TCP_IPV6_EX mbuf hash delivery\n");
		mbuf_types &= ~RSS_TYPE_TCP_IPV6_EX;
	}
	if ((my_types & RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6) &&
	    (diff_types & ifrh.ifrh_types & RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6_EX)) {
		/* Conflict; disable UDP_IPV6 hash type/value delivery. */
		if_printf(ifp, "disable UDP_IPV6 mbuf hash delivery\n");
		mbuf_types &= ~RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6;
	}
	if ((my_types & RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6_EX) &&
	    (diff_types & ifrh.ifrh_types & RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6)) {
		/* Conflict; disable UDP_IPV6_EX hash type/value delivery. */
		if_printf(ifp, "disable UDP_IPV6_EX mbuf hash delivery\n");
		mbuf_types &= ~RSS_TYPE_UDP_IPV6_EX;
	}

	/*
	 * Indirect table does not matter.
	 */

	sc->hn_rss_hash = (sc->hn_rss_hcap & NDIS_HASH_FUNCTION_MASK) |
	    hn_rss_type_tondis(my_types);
	memcpy(sc->hn_rss.rss_key, ifrk.ifrk_key, sizeof(sc->hn_rss.rss_key));
	sc->hn_flags |= HN_FLAG_HAS_RSSKEY;

	if (reconf) {
		error = hn_rss_reconfig(sc);
		if (error) {
			/* XXX roll-back? */
			if_printf(ifp, "hn_rss_reconfig failed: %d\n", error);
			/* XXX keep going. */
		}
	}
done:
	/* Hash deliverability for mbufs. */
	hn_rss_mbuf_hash(sc, hn_rss_type_tondis(mbuf_types));
}

static void
hn_vf_rss_restore(struct hn_softc *sc)
{

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
	KASSERT(sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED,
	    ("%s: synthetic parts are not attached", sc->hn_ifp->if_xname));

	if (sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse == 1)
		goto done;

	/*
	 * Restore hash types.  Key does _not_ matter.
	 */
	if (sc->hn_rss_hash != sc->hn_rss_hcap) {
		int error;

		sc->hn_rss_hash = sc->hn_rss_hcap;
		error = hn_rss_reconfig(sc);
		if (error) {
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "hn_rss_reconfig failed: %d\n",
			    error);
			/* XXX keep going. */
		}
	}
done:
	/* Hash deliverability for mbufs. */
	hn_rss_mbuf_hash(sc, NDIS_HASH_ALL);
}

static void
hn_xpnt_vf_setready(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp, *vf_ifp;
	struct ifreq ifr;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);
	ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
	vf_ifp = sc->hn_vf_ifp;

	/*
	 * Mark the VF ready.
	 */
	sc->hn_vf_rdytick = 0;

	/*
	 * Save information for restoration.
	 */
	sc->hn_saved_caps = ifp->if_capabilities;
	sc->hn_saved_tsomax = ifp->if_hw_tsomax;
	sc->hn_saved_tsosegcnt = ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegcount;
	sc->hn_saved_tsosegsz = ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegsize;

	/*
	 * Intersect supported/enabled capabilities.
	 *
	 * NOTE:
	 * if_hwassist is not changed here.
	 */
	ifp->if_capabilities &= vf_ifp->if_capabilities;
	ifp->if_capenable &= ifp->if_capabilities;

	/*
	 * Fix TSO settings.
	 */
	if (ifp->if_hw_tsomax > vf_ifp->if_hw_tsomax)
		ifp->if_hw_tsomax = vf_ifp->if_hw_tsomax;
	if (ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegcount > vf_ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegcount)
		ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = vf_ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegcount;
	if (ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegsize > vf_ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegsize)
		ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = vf_ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegsize;

	/*
	 * Change VF's enabled capabilities.
	 */
	memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
	strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, vf_ifp->if_xname, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
	ifr.ifr_reqcap = ifp->if_capenable;
	hn_xpnt_vf_iocsetcaps(sc, &ifr);

	if (ifp->if_mtu != ETHERMTU) {
		int error;

		/*
		 * Change VF's MTU.
		 */
		memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
		strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, vf_ifp->if_xname, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
		ifr.ifr_mtu = ifp->if_mtu;
		error = vf_ifp->if_ioctl(vf_ifp, SIOCSIFMTU, (caddr_t)&ifr);
		if (error) {
			if_printf(ifp, "%s SIOCSIFMTU %u failed\n",
			    vf_ifp->if_xname, ifp->if_mtu);
			if (ifp->if_mtu > ETHERMTU) {
				if_printf(ifp, "change MTU to %d\n", ETHERMTU);

				/*
				 * XXX
				 * No need to adjust the synthetic parts' MTU;
				 * failure of the adjustment will cause us
				 * infinite headache.
				 */
				ifp->if_mtu = ETHERMTU;
				hn_mtu_change_fixup(sc);
			}
		}
	}
}

static bool
hn_xpnt_vf_isready(struct hn_softc *sc)
{

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	if (!hn_xpnt_vf || sc->hn_vf_ifp == NULL)
		return (false);

	if (sc->hn_vf_rdytick == 0)
		return (true);

	if (sc->hn_vf_rdytick > ticks)
		return (false);

	/* Mark VF as ready. */
	hn_xpnt_vf_setready(sc);
	return (true);
}

static void
hn_xpnt_vf_setenable(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	int i;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	/* NOTE: hn_vf_lock for hn_transmit()/hn_qflush() */
	rm_wlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock);
	sc->hn_xvf_flags |= HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED;
	rm_wunlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock);

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i)
		sc->hn_rx_ring[i].hn_rx_flags |= HN_RX_FLAG_XPNT_VF;
}

static void
hn_xpnt_vf_setdisable(struct hn_softc *sc, bool clear_vf)
{
	int i;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	/* NOTE: hn_vf_lock for hn_transmit()/hn_qflush() */
	rm_wlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock);
	sc->hn_xvf_flags &= ~HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED;
	if (clear_vf)
		sc->hn_vf_ifp = NULL;
	rm_wunlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock);

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i)
		sc->hn_rx_ring[i].hn_rx_flags &= ~HN_RX_FLAG_XPNT_VF;
}

static void
hn_xpnt_vf_init(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	int error;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	KASSERT((sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED) == 0,
	    ("%s: transparent VF was enabled", sc->hn_ifp->if_xname));

	if (bootverbose) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "try bringing up %s\n",
		    sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_xname);
	}

	/*
	 * Bring the VF up.
	 */
	hn_xpnt_vf_saveifflags(sc);
	sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_flags |= IFF_UP;
	error = hn_xpnt_vf_iocsetflags(sc);
	if (error) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "bringing up %s failed: %d\n",
		    sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_xname, error);
		return;
	}

	/*
	 * NOTE:
	 * Datapath setting must happen _after_ bringing the VF up.
	 */
	hn_nvs_set_datapath(sc, HN_NVS_DATAPATH_VF);

	/*
	 * NOTE:
	 * Fixup RSS related bits _after_ the VF is brought up, since
	 * many VFs generate RSS key during it's initialization.
	 */
	hn_vf_rss_fixup(sc, true);

	/* Mark transparent mode VF as enabled. */
	hn_xpnt_vf_setenable(sc);
}

static void
hn_xpnt_vf_init_taskfunc(void *xsc, int pending __unused)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = xsc;

	HN_LOCK(sc);

	if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED) == 0)
		goto done;
	if (sc->hn_vf_ifp == NULL)
		goto done;
	if (sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED)
		goto done;

	if (sc->hn_vf_rdytick != 0) {
		/* Mark VF as ready. */
		hn_xpnt_vf_setready(sc);
	}

	if (sc->hn_ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING) {
		/*
		 * Delayed VF initialization.
		 */
		if (bootverbose) {
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "delayed initialize %s\n",
			    sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_xname);
		}
		hn_xpnt_vf_init(sc);
	}
done:
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
}

static void
hn_ifnet_attevent(void *xsc, struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = xsc;

	HN_LOCK(sc);

	if (!(sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED))
		goto done;

	if (!hn_ismyvf(sc, ifp))
		goto done;

	if (sc->hn_vf_ifp != NULL) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "%s was attached as VF\n",
		    sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_xname);
		goto done;
	}

	if (hn_xpnt_vf && ifp->if_start != NULL) {
		/*
		 * ifnet.if_start is _not_ supported by transparent
		 * mode VF; mainly due to the IFF_DRV_OACTIVE flag.
		 */
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "%s uses if_start, which is unsupported "
		    "in transparent VF mode.\n", ifp->if_xname);
		goto done;
	}

	rm_wlock(&hn_vfmap_lock);

	if (ifp->if_index >= hn_vfmap_size) {
		struct ifnet **newmap;
		int newsize;

		newsize = ifp->if_index + HN_VFMAP_SIZE_DEF;
		newmap = malloc(sizeof(struct ifnet *) * newsize, M_DEVBUF,
		    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);

		memcpy(newmap, hn_vfmap,
		    sizeof(struct ifnet *) * hn_vfmap_size);
		free(hn_vfmap, M_DEVBUF);
		hn_vfmap = newmap;
		hn_vfmap_size = newsize;
	}
	KASSERT(hn_vfmap[ifp->if_index] == NULL,
	    ("%s: ifindex %d was mapped to %s",
	     ifp->if_xname, ifp->if_index, hn_vfmap[ifp->if_index]->if_xname));
	hn_vfmap[ifp->if_index] = sc->hn_ifp;

	rm_wunlock(&hn_vfmap_lock);

	/* NOTE: hn_vf_lock for hn_transmit()/hn_qflush() */
	rm_wlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock);
	KASSERT((sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED) == 0,
	    ("%s: transparent VF was enabled", sc->hn_ifp->if_xname));
	sc->hn_vf_ifp = ifp;
	rm_wunlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock);

	if (hn_xpnt_vf) {
		int wait_ticks;

		/*
		 * Install if_input for vf_ifp, which does vf_ifp -> hn_ifp.
		 * Save vf_ifp's current if_input for later restoration.
		 */
		sc->hn_vf_input = ifp->if_input;
		ifp->if_input = hn_xpnt_vf_input;

		/*
		 * Stop link status management; use the VF's.
		 */
		hn_suspend_mgmt(sc);

		/*
		 * Give VF sometime to complete its attach routing.
		 */
		wait_ticks = hn_xpnt_vf_attwait * hz;
		sc->hn_vf_rdytick = ticks + wait_ticks;

		taskqueue_enqueue_timeout(sc->hn_vf_taskq, &sc->hn_vf_init,
		    wait_ticks);
	}
done:
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
}

static void
hn_ifnet_detevent(void *xsc, struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = xsc;

	HN_LOCK(sc);

	if (sc->hn_vf_ifp == NULL)
		goto done;

	if (!hn_ismyvf(sc, ifp))
		goto done;

	if (hn_xpnt_vf) {
		/*
		 * Make sure that the delayed initialization is not running.
		 *
		 * NOTE:
		 * - This lock _must_ be released, since the hn_vf_init task
		 *   will try holding this lock.
		 * - It is safe to release this lock here, since the
		 *   hn_ifnet_attevent() is interlocked by the hn_vf_ifp.
		 *
		 * XXX racy, if hn(4) ever detached.
		 */
		HN_UNLOCK(sc);
		taskqueue_drain_timeout(sc->hn_vf_taskq, &sc->hn_vf_init);
		HN_LOCK(sc);

		KASSERT(sc->hn_vf_input != NULL, ("%s VF input is not saved",
		    sc->hn_ifp->if_xname));
		ifp->if_input = sc->hn_vf_input;
		sc->hn_vf_input = NULL;

		if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED) &&
		    (sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED))
			hn_nvs_set_datapath(sc, HN_NVS_DATAPATH_SYNTH);

		if (sc->hn_vf_rdytick == 0) {
			/*
			 * The VF was ready; restore some settings.
			 */
			sc->hn_ifp->if_capabilities = sc->hn_saved_caps;
			/*
			 * NOTE:
			 * There is _no_ need to fixup if_capenable and
			 * if_hwassist, since the if_capabilities before
			 * restoration was an intersection of the VF's
			 * if_capabilites and the synthetic device's
			 * if_capabilites.
			 */
			sc->hn_ifp->if_hw_tsomax = sc->hn_saved_tsomax;
			sc->hn_ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegcount =
			    sc->hn_saved_tsosegcnt;
			sc->hn_ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = sc->hn_saved_tsosegsz;
		}

		if (sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED) {
			/*
			 * Restore RSS settings.
			 */
			hn_vf_rss_restore(sc);

			/*
			 * Resume link status management, which was suspended
			 * by hn_ifnet_attevent().
			 */
			hn_resume_mgmt(sc);
		}
	}

	/* Mark transparent mode VF as disabled. */
	hn_xpnt_vf_setdisable(sc, true /* clear hn_vf_ifp */);

	rm_wlock(&hn_vfmap_lock);

	KASSERT(ifp->if_index < hn_vfmap_size,
	    ("ifindex %d, vfmapsize %d", ifp->if_index, hn_vfmap_size));
	if (hn_vfmap[ifp->if_index] != NULL) {
		KASSERT(hn_vfmap[ifp->if_index] == sc->hn_ifp,
		    ("%s: ifindex %d was mapped to %s",
		     ifp->if_xname, ifp->if_index,
		     hn_vfmap[ifp->if_index]->if_xname));
		hn_vfmap[ifp->if_index] = NULL;
	}

	rm_wunlock(&hn_vfmap_lock);
done:
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
}

static void
hn_ifnet_lnkevent(void *xsc, struct ifnet *ifp, int link_state)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = xsc;

	if (sc->hn_vf_ifp == ifp)
		if_link_state_change(sc->hn_ifp, link_state);
}

static int
hn_probe(device_t dev)
{

	if (VMBUS_PROBE_GUID(device_get_parent(dev), dev, &hn_guid) == 0) {
		device_set_desc(dev, "Hyper-V Network Interface");
		return BUS_PROBE_DEFAULT;
	}
	return ENXIO;
}

static int
hn_attach(device_t dev)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
	struct sysctl_oid_list *child;
	struct sysctl_ctx_list *ctx;
	uint8_t eaddr[ETHER_ADDR_LEN];
	struct ifnet *ifp = NULL;
	int error, ring_cnt, tx_ring_cnt;
	uint32_t mtu;

	sc->hn_dev = dev;
	sc->hn_prichan = vmbus_get_channel(dev);
	HN_LOCK_INIT(sc);
	rm_init(&sc->hn_vf_lock, "hnvf");
	if (hn_xpnt_vf && hn_xpnt_vf_accbpf)
		sc->hn_xvf_flags |= HN_XVFFLAG_ACCBPF;

	/*
	 * Initialize these tunables once.
	 */
	sc->hn_agg_size = hn_tx_agg_size;
	sc->hn_agg_pkts = hn_tx_agg_pkts;

	/*
	 * Setup taskqueue for transmission.
	 */
	if (hn_tx_taskq_mode == HN_TX_TASKQ_M_INDEP) {
		int i;

		sc->hn_tx_taskqs =
		    malloc(hn_tx_taskq_cnt * sizeof(struct taskqueue *),
		    M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);
		for (i = 0; i < hn_tx_taskq_cnt; ++i) {
			sc->hn_tx_taskqs[i] = taskqueue_create("hn_tx",
			    M_WAITOK, taskqueue_thread_enqueue,
			    &sc->hn_tx_taskqs[i]);
			taskqueue_start_threads(&sc->hn_tx_taskqs[i], 1, PI_NET,
			    "%s tx%d", device_get_nameunit(dev), i);
		}
	} else if (hn_tx_taskq_mode == HN_TX_TASKQ_M_GLOBAL) {
		sc->hn_tx_taskqs = hn_tx_taskque;
	}

	/*
	 * Setup taskqueue for mangement tasks, e.g. link status.
	 */
	sc->hn_mgmt_taskq0 = taskqueue_create("hn_mgmt", M_WAITOK,
	    taskqueue_thread_enqueue, &sc->hn_mgmt_taskq0);
	taskqueue_start_threads(&sc->hn_mgmt_taskq0, 1, PI_NET, "%s mgmt",
	    device_get_nameunit(dev));
	TASK_INIT(&sc->hn_link_task, 0, hn_link_taskfunc, sc);
	TASK_INIT(&sc->hn_netchg_init, 0, hn_netchg_init_taskfunc, sc);
	TIMEOUT_TASK_INIT(sc->hn_mgmt_taskq0, &sc->hn_netchg_status, 0,
	    hn_netchg_status_taskfunc, sc);

	if (hn_xpnt_vf) {
		/*
		 * Setup taskqueue for VF tasks, e.g. delayed VF bringing up.
		 */
		sc->hn_vf_taskq = taskqueue_create("hn_vf", M_WAITOK,
		    taskqueue_thread_enqueue, &sc->hn_vf_taskq);
		taskqueue_start_threads(&sc->hn_vf_taskq, 1, PI_NET, "%s vf",
		    device_get_nameunit(dev));
		TIMEOUT_TASK_INIT(sc->hn_vf_taskq, &sc->hn_vf_init, 0,
		    hn_xpnt_vf_init_taskfunc, sc);
	}

	/*
	 * Allocate ifnet and setup its name earlier, so that if_printf
	 * can be used by functions, which will be called after
	 * ether_ifattach().
	 */
	ifp = sc->hn_ifp = if_alloc(IFT_ETHER);
	ifp->if_softc = sc;
	if_initname(ifp, device_get_name(dev), device_get_unit(dev));

	/*
	 * Initialize ifmedia earlier so that it can be unconditionally
	 * destroyed, if error happened later on.
	 */
	ifmedia_init(&sc->hn_media, 0, hn_ifmedia_upd, hn_ifmedia_sts);

	/*
	 * Figure out the # of RX rings (ring_cnt) and the # of TX rings
	 * to use (tx_ring_cnt).
	 *
	 * NOTE:
	 * The # of RX rings to use is same as the # of channels to use.
	 */
	ring_cnt = hn_chan_cnt;
	if (ring_cnt <= 0) {
		/* Default */
		ring_cnt = mp_ncpus;
		if (ring_cnt > HN_RING_CNT_DEF_MAX)
			ring_cnt = HN_RING_CNT_DEF_MAX;
	} else if (ring_cnt > mp_ncpus) {
		ring_cnt = mp_ncpus;
	}
#ifdef RSS
	if (ring_cnt > rss_getnumbuckets())
		ring_cnt = rss_getnumbuckets();
#endif

	tx_ring_cnt = hn_tx_ring_cnt;
	if (tx_ring_cnt <= 0 || tx_ring_cnt > ring_cnt)
		tx_ring_cnt = ring_cnt;
#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT
	if (hn_use_if_start) {
		/* ifnet.if_start only needs one TX ring. */
		tx_ring_cnt = 1;
	}
#endif

	/*
	 * Set the leader CPU for channels.
	 */
	sc->hn_cpu = atomic_fetchadd_int(&hn_cpu_index, ring_cnt) % mp_ncpus;

	/*
	 * Create enough TX/RX rings, even if only limited number of
	 * channels can be allocated.
	 */
	error = hn_create_tx_data(sc, tx_ring_cnt);
	if (error)
		goto failed;
	error = hn_create_rx_data(sc, ring_cnt);
	if (error)
		goto failed;

	/*
	 * Create transaction context for NVS and RNDIS transactions.
	 */
	sc->hn_xact = vmbus_xact_ctx_create(bus_get_dma_tag(dev),
	    HN_XACT_REQ_SIZE, HN_XACT_RESP_SIZE, 0);
	if (sc->hn_xact == NULL) {
		error = ENXIO;
		goto failed;
	}

	/*
	 * Install orphan handler for the revocation of this device's
	 * primary channel.
	 *
	 * NOTE:
	 * The processing order is critical here:
	 * Install the orphan handler, _before_ testing whether this
	 * device's primary channel has been revoked or not.
	 */
	vmbus_chan_set_orphan(sc->hn_prichan, sc->hn_xact);
	if (vmbus_chan_is_revoked(sc->hn_prichan)) {
		error = ENXIO;
		goto failed;
	}

	/*
	 * Attach the synthetic parts, i.e. NVS and RNDIS.
	 */
	error = hn_synth_attach(sc, ETHERMTU);
	if (error)
		goto failed;

	error = hn_rndis_get_eaddr(sc, eaddr);
	if (error)
		goto failed;

	error = hn_rndis_get_mtu(sc, &mtu);
	if (error)
		mtu = ETHERMTU;
	else if (bootverbose)
		device_printf(dev, "RNDIS mtu %u\n", mtu);

#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100099
	if (sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse > 1) {
		/*
		 * Reduce TCP segment aggregation limit for multiple
		 * RX rings to increase ACK timeliness.
		 */
		hn_set_lro_lenlim(sc, HN_LRO_LENLIM_MULTIRX_DEF);
	}
#endif

	/*
	 * Fixup TX stuffs after synthetic parts are attached.
	 */
	hn_fixup_tx_data(sc);

	ctx = device_get_sysctl_ctx(dev);
	child = SYSCTL_CHILDREN(device_get_sysctl_tree(dev));
	SYSCTL_ADD_UINT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "nvs_version", CTLFLAG_RD,
	    &sc->hn_nvs_ver, 0, "NVS version");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "ndis_version",
	    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_ndis_version_sysctl, "A", "NDIS version");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "caps",
	    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_caps_sysctl, "A", "capabilities");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "hwassist",
	    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_hwassist_sysctl, "A", "hwassist");
	SYSCTL_ADD_UINT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "tso_max",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &ifp->if_hw_tsomax, 0, "max TSO size");
	SYSCTL_ADD_UINT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "tso_maxsegcnt",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegcount, 0,
	    "max # of TSO segments");
	SYSCTL_ADD_UINT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "tso_maxsegsz",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegsize, 0,
	    "max size of TSO segment");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rxfilter",
	    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_rxfilter_sysctl, "A", "rxfilter");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rss_hash",
	    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_rss_hash_sysctl, "A", "RSS hash");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rss_hashcap",
	    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_rss_hcap_sysctl, "A", "RSS hash capabilities");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "mbuf_hash",
	    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_rss_mbuf_sysctl, "A", "RSS hash for mbufs");
	SYSCTL_ADD_INT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rss_ind_size",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &sc->hn_rss_ind_size, 0, "RSS indirect entry count");
#ifndef RSS
	/*
	 * Don't allow RSS key/indirect table changes, if RSS is defined.
	 */
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rss_key",
	    CTLTYPE_OPAQUE | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_rss_key_sysctl, "IU", "RSS key");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rss_ind",
	    CTLTYPE_OPAQUE | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_rss_ind_sysctl, "IU", "RSS indirect table");
#endif
	SYSCTL_ADD_UINT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rndis_agg_size",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &sc->hn_rndis_agg_size, 0,
	    "RNDIS offered packet transmission aggregation size limit");
	SYSCTL_ADD_UINT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rndis_agg_pkts",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &sc->hn_rndis_agg_pkts, 0,
	    "RNDIS offered packet transmission aggregation count limit");
	SYSCTL_ADD_UINT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rndis_agg_align",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &sc->hn_rndis_agg_align, 0,
	    "RNDIS packet transmission aggregation alignment");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "agg_size",
	    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_txagg_size_sysctl, "I",
	    "Packet transmission aggregation size, 0 -- disable, -1 -- auto");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "agg_pkts",
	    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_txagg_pkts_sysctl, "I",
	    "Packet transmission aggregation packets, "
	    "0 -- disable, -1 -- auto");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "polling",
	    CTLTYPE_UINT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_polling_sysctl, "I",
	    "Polling frequency: [100,1000000], 0 disable polling");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "vf",
	    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_vf_sysctl, "A", "Virtual Function's name");
	if (!hn_xpnt_vf) {
		SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rxvf",
		    CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
		    hn_rxvf_sysctl, "A", "activated Virtual Function's name");
	} else {
		SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "vf_xpnt_enabled",
		    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
		    hn_xpnt_vf_enabled_sysctl, "I",
		    "Transparent VF enabled");
		SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "vf_xpnt_accbpf",
		    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
		    hn_xpnt_vf_accbpf_sysctl, "I",
		    "Accurate BPF for transparent VF");
	}

	/*
	 * Setup the ifmedia, which has been initialized earlier.
	 */
	ifmedia_add(&sc->hn_media, IFM_ETHER | IFM_AUTO, 0, NULL);
	ifmedia_set(&sc->hn_media, IFM_ETHER | IFM_AUTO);
	/* XXX ifmedia_set really should do this for us */
	sc->hn_media.ifm_media = sc->hn_media.ifm_cur->ifm_media;

	/*
	 * Setup the ifnet for this interface.
	 */

	ifp->if_baudrate = IF_Gbps(10);
	ifp->if_flags = IFF_BROADCAST | IFF_SIMPLEX | IFF_MULTICAST;
	ifp->if_ioctl = hn_ioctl;
	ifp->if_init = hn_init;
#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT
	if (hn_use_if_start) {
		int qdepth = hn_get_txswq_depth(&sc->hn_tx_ring[0]);

		ifp->if_start = hn_start;
		IFQ_SET_MAXLEN(&ifp->if_snd, qdepth);
		ifp->if_snd.ifq_drv_maxlen = qdepth - 1;
		IFQ_SET_READY(&ifp->if_snd);
	} else
#endif
	{
		ifp->if_transmit = hn_transmit;
		ifp->if_qflush = hn_xmit_qflush;
	}

	ifp->if_capabilities |= IFCAP_RXCSUM | IFCAP_LRO | IFCAP_LINKSTATE;
#ifdef foo
	/* We can't diff IPv6 packets from IPv4 packets on RX path. */
	ifp->if_capabilities |= IFCAP_RXCSUM_IPV6;
#endif
	if (sc->hn_caps & HN_CAP_VLAN) {
		/* XXX not sure about VLAN_MTU. */
		ifp->if_capabilities |= IFCAP_VLAN_HWTAGGING | IFCAP_VLAN_MTU;
	}

	ifp->if_hwassist = sc->hn_tx_ring[0].hn_csum_assist;
	if (ifp->if_hwassist & HN_CSUM_IP_MASK)
		ifp->if_capabilities |= IFCAP_TXCSUM;
	if (ifp->if_hwassist & HN_CSUM_IP6_MASK)
		ifp->if_capabilities |= IFCAP_TXCSUM_IPV6;
	if (sc->hn_caps & HN_CAP_TSO4) {
		ifp->if_capabilities |= IFCAP_TSO4;
		ifp->if_hwassist |= CSUM_IP_TSO;
	}
	if (sc->hn_caps & HN_CAP_TSO6) {
		ifp->if_capabilities |= IFCAP_TSO6;
		ifp->if_hwassist |= CSUM_IP6_TSO;
	}

	/* Enable all available capabilities by default. */
	ifp->if_capenable = ifp->if_capabilities;

	/*
	 * Disable IPv6 TSO and TXCSUM by default, they still can
	 * be enabled through SIOCSIFCAP.
	 */
	ifp->if_capenable &= ~(IFCAP_TXCSUM_IPV6 | IFCAP_TSO6);
	ifp->if_hwassist &= ~(HN_CSUM_IP6_MASK | CSUM_IP6_TSO);

	if (ifp->if_capabilities & (IFCAP_TSO6 | IFCAP_TSO4)) {
		/*
		 * Lock hn_set_tso_maxsize() to simplify its
		 * internal logic.
		 */
		HN_LOCK(sc);
		hn_set_tso_maxsize(sc, hn_tso_maxlen, ETHERMTU);
		HN_UNLOCK(sc);
		ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = HN_TX_DATA_SEGCNT_MAX;
		ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = PAGE_SIZE;
	}

	ether_ifattach(ifp, eaddr);

	if ((ifp->if_capabilities & (IFCAP_TSO6 | IFCAP_TSO4)) && bootverbose) {
		if_printf(ifp, "TSO segcnt %u segsz %u\n",
		    ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegcount, ifp->if_hw_tsomaxsegsize);
	}
	if (mtu < ETHERMTU) {
		if_printf(ifp, "fixup mtu %u -> %u\n", ifp->if_mtu, mtu);
		ifp->if_mtu = mtu;
	}

	/* Inform the upper layer about the long frame support. */
	ifp->if_hdrlen = sizeof(struct ether_vlan_header);

	/*
	 * Kick off link status check.
	 */
	sc->hn_mgmt_taskq = sc->hn_mgmt_taskq0;
	hn_update_link_status(sc);

	if (!hn_xpnt_vf) {
		sc->hn_ifnet_evthand = EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(ifnet_event,
		    hn_ifnet_event, sc, EVENTHANDLER_PRI_ANY);
		sc->hn_ifaddr_evthand = EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(ifaddr_event,
		    hn_ifaddr_event, sc, EVENTHANDLER_PRI_ANY);
	} else {
		sc->hn_ifnet_lnkhand = EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(ifnet_link_event,
		    hn_ifnet_lnkevent, sc, EVENTHANDLER_PRI_ANY);
	}

	/*
	 * NOTE:
	 * Subscribe ether_ifattach event, instead of ifnet_arrival event,
	 * since interface's LLADDR is needed; interface LLADDR is not
	 * available when ifnet_arrival event is triggered.
	 */
	sc->hn_ifnet_atthand = EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(ether_ifattach_event,
	    hn_ifnet_attevent, sc, EVENTHANDLER_PRI_ANY);
	sc->hn_ifnet_dethand = EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(ifnet_departure_event,
	    hn_ifnet_detevent, sc, EVENTHANDLER_PRI_ANY);

	return (0);
failed:
	if (sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED)
		hn_synth_detach(sc);
	hn_detach(dev);
	return (error);
}

static int
hn_detach(device_t dev)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = device_get_softc(dev);
	struct ifnet *ifp = sc->hn_ifp, *vf_ifp;

	if (sc->hn_xact != NULL && vmbus_chan_is_revoked(sc->hn_prichan)) {
		/*
		 * In case that the vmbus missed the orphan handler
		 * installation.
		 */
		vmbus_xact_ctx_orphan(sc->hn_xact);
	}

	if (sc->hn_ifaddr_evthand != NULL)
		EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER(ifaddr_event, sc->hn_ifaddr_evthand);
	if (sc->hn_ifnet_evthand != NULL)
		EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER(ifnet_event, sc->hn_ifnet_evthand);
	if (sc->hn_ifnet_atthand != NULL) {
		EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER(ether_ifattach_event,
		    sc->hn_ifnet_atthand);
	}
	if (sc->hn_ifnet_dethand != NULL) {
		EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER(ifnet_departure_event,
		    sc->hn_ifnet_dethand);
	}
	if (sc->hn_ifnet_lnkhand != NULL)
		EVENTHANDLER_DEREGISTER(ifnet_link_event, sc->hn_ifnet_lnkhand);

	vf_ifp = sc->hn_vf_ifp;
	__compiler_membar();
	if (vf_ifp != NULL)
		hn_ifnet_detevent(sc, vf_ifp);

	if (device_is_attached(dev)) {
		HN_LOCK(sc);
		if (sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED) {
			if (ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING)
				hn_stop(sc, true);
			/*
			 * NOTE:
			 * hn_stop() only suspends data, so managment
			 * stuffs have to be suspended manually here.
			 */
			hn_suspend_mgmt(sc);
			hn_synth_detach(sc);
		}
		HN_UNLOCK(sc);
		ether_ifdetach(ifp);
	}

	ifmedia_removeall(&sc->hn_media);
	hn_destroy_rx_data(sc);
	hn_destroy_tx_data(sc);

	if (sc->hn_tx_taskqs != NULL && sc->hn_tx_taskqs != hn_tx_taskque) {
		int i;

		for (i = 0; i < hn_tx_taskq_cnt; ++i)
			taskqueue_free(sc->hn_tx_taskqs[i]);
		free(sc->hn_tx_taskqs, M_DEVBUF);
	}
	taskqueue_free(sc->hn_mgmt_taskq0);
	if (sc->hn_vf_taskq != NULL)
		taskqueue_free(sc->hn_vf_taskq);

	if (sc->hn_xact != NULL) {
		/*
		 * Uninstall the orphan handler _before_ the xact is
		 * destructed.
		 */
		vmbus_chan_unset_orphan(sc->hn_prichan);
		vmbus_xact_ctx_destroy(sc->hn_xact);
	}

	if_free(ifp);

	HN_LOCK_DESTROY(sc);
	rm_destroy(&sc->hn_vf_lock);
	return (0);
}

static int
hn_shutdown(device_t dev)
{

	return (0);
}

static void
hn_link_status(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	uint32_t link_status;
	int error;

	error = hn_rndis_get_linkstatus(sc, &link_status);
	if (error) {
		/* XXX what to do? */
		return;
	}

	if (link_status == NDIS_MEDIA_STATE_CONNECTED)
		sc->hn_link_flags |= HN_LINK_FLAG_LINKUP;
	else
		sc->hn_link_flags &= ~HN_LINK_FLAG_LINKUP;
	if_link_state_change(sc->hn_ifp,
	    (sc->hn_link_flags & HN_LINK_FLAG_LINKUP) ?
	    LINK_STATE_UP : LINK_STATE_DOWN);
}

static void
hn_link_taskfunc(void *xsc, int pending __unused)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = xsc;

	if (sc->hn_link_flags & HN_LINK_FLAG_NETCHG)
		return;
	hn_link_status(sc);
}

static void
hn_netchg_init_taskfunc(void *xsc, int pending __unused)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = xsc;

	/* Prevent any link status checks from running. */
	sc->hn_link_flags |= HN_LINK_FLAG_NETCHG;

	/*
	 * Fake up a [link down --> link up] state change; 5 seconds
	 * delay is used, which closely simulates miibus reaction
	 * upon link down event.
	 */
	sc->hn_link_flags &= ~HN_LINK_FLAG_LINKUP;
	if_link_state_change(sc->hn_ifp, LINK_STATE_DOWN);
	taskqueue_enqueue_timeout(sc->hn_mgmt_taskq0,
	    &sc->hn_netchg_status, 5 * hz);
}

static void
hn_netchg_status_taskfunc(void *xsc, int pending __unused)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = xsc;

	/* Re-allow link status checks. */
	sc->hn_link_flags &= ~HN_LINK_FLAG_NETCHG;
	hn_link_status(sc);
}

static void
hn_update_link_status(struct hn_softc *sc)
{

	if (sc->hn_mgmt_taskq != NULL)
		taskqueue_enqueue(sc->hn_mgmt_taskq, &sc->hn_link_task);
}

static void
hn_change_network(struct hn_softc *sc)
{

	if (sc->hn_mgmt_taskq != NULL)
		taskqueue_enqueue(sc->hn_mgmt_taskq, &sc->hn_netchg_init);
}

static __inline int
hn_txdesc_dmamap_load(struct hn_tx_ring *txr, struct hn_txdesc *txd,
    struct mbuf **m_head, bus_dma_segment_t *segs, int *nsegs)
{
	struct mbuf *m = *m_head;
	int error;

	KASSERT(txd->chim_index == HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID, ("txd uses chim"));

	error = bus_dmamap_load_mbuf_sg(txr->hn_tx_data_dtag, txd->data_dmap,
	    m, segs, nsegs, BUS_DMA_NOWAIT);
	if (error == EFBIG) {
		struct mbuf *m_new;

		m_new = m_collapse(m, M_NOWAIT, HN_TX_DATA_SEGCNT_MAX);
		if (m_new == NULL)
			return ENOBUFS;
		else
			*m_head = m = m_new;
		txr->hn_tx_collapsed++;

		error = bus_dmamap_load_mbuf_sg(txr->hn_tx_data_dtag,
		    txd->data_dmap, m, segs, nsegs, BUS_DMA_NOWAIT);
	}
	if (!error) {
		bus_dmamap_sync(txr->hn_tx_data_dtag, txd->data_dmap,
		    BUS_DMASYNC_PREWRITE);
		txd->flags |= HN_TXD_FLAG_DMAMAP;
	}
	return error;
}

static __inline int
hn_txdesc_put(struct hn_tx_ring *txr, struct hn_txdesc *txd)
{

	KASSERT((txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_ONLIST) == 0,
	    ("put an onlist txd %#x", txd->flags));
	KASSERT((txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_ONAGG) == 0,
	    ("put an onagg txd %#x", txd->flags));

	KASSERT(txd->refs > 0, ("invalid txd refs %d", txd->refs));
	if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&txd->refs, -1) != 1)
		return 0;

	if (!STAILQ_EMPTY(&txd->agg_list)) {
		struct hn_txdesc *tmp_txd;

		while ((tmp_txd = STAILQ_FIRST(&txd->agg_list)) != NULL) {
			int freed;

			KASSERT(STAILQ_EMPTY(&tmp_txd->agg_list),
			    ("resursive aggregation on aggregated txdesc"));
			KASSERT((tmp_txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_ONAGG),
			    ("not aggregated txdesc"));
			KASSERT((tmp_txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_DMAMAP) == 0,
			    ("aggregated txdesc uses dmamap"));
			KASSERT(tmp_txd->chim_index == HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID,
			    ("aggregated txdesc consumes "
			     "chimney sending buffer"));
			KASSERT(tmp_txd->chim_size == 0,
			    ("aggregated txdesc has non-zero "
			     "chimney sending size"));

			STAILQ_REMOVE_HEAD(&txd->agg_list, agg_link);
			tmp_txd->flags &= ~HN_TXD_FLAG_ONAGG;
			freed = hn_txdesc_put(txr, tmp_txd);
			KASSERT(freed, ("failed to free aggregated txdesc"));
		}
	}

	if (txd->chim_index != HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID) {
		KASSERT((txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_DMAMAP) == 0,
		    ("chim txd uses dmamap"));
		hn_chim_free(txr->hn_sc, txd->chim_index);
		txd->chim_index = HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID;
		txd->chim_size = 0;
	} else if (txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_DMAMAP) {
		bus_dmamap_sync(txr->hn_tx_data_dtag,
		    txd->data_dmap, BUS_DMASYNC_POSTWRITE);
		bus_dmamap_unload(txr->hn_tx_data_dtag,
		    txd->data_dmap);
		txd->flags &= ~HN_TXD_FLAG_DMAMAP;
	}

	if (txd->m != NULL) {
		m_freem(txd->m);
		txd->m = NULL;
	}

	txd->flags |= HN_TXD_FLAG_ONLIST;
#ifndef HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING
	mtx_lock_spin(&txr->hn_txlist_spin);
	KASSERT(txr->hn_txdesc_avail >= 0 &&
	    txr->hn_txdesc_avail < txr->hn_txdesc_cnt,
	    ("txdesc_put: invalid txd avail %d", txr->hn_txdesc_avail));
	txr->hn_txdesc_avail++;
	SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&txr->hn_txlist, txd, link);
	mtx_unlock_spin(&txr->hn_txlist_spin);
#else	/* HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING */
#ifdef HN_DEBUG
	atomic_add_int(&txr->hn_txdesc_avail, 1);
#endif
	buf_ring_enqueue(txr->hn_txdesc_br, txd);
#endif	/* !HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING */

	return 1;
}

static __inline struct hn_txdesc *
hn_txdesc_get(struct hn_tx_ring *txr)
{
	struct hn_txdesc *txd;

#ifndef HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING
	mtx_lock_spin(&txr->hn_txlist_spin);
	txd = SLIST_FIRST(&txr->hn_txlist);
	if (txd != NULL) {
		KASSERT(txr->hn_txdesc_avail > 0,
		    ("txdesc_get: invalid txd avail %d", txr->hn_txdesc_avail));
		txr->hn_txdesc_avail--;
		SLIST_REMOVE_HEAD(&txr->hn_txlist, link);
	}
	mtx_unlock_spin(&txr->hn_txlist_spin);
#else
	txd = buf_ring_dequeue_sc(txr->hn_txdesc_br);
#endif

	if (txd != NULL) {
#ifdef HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING
#ifdef HN_DEBUG
		atomic_subtract_int(&txr->hn_txdesc_avail, 1);
#endif
#endif	/* HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING */
		KASSERT(txd->m == NULL && txd->refs == 0 &&
		    STAILQ_EMPTY(&txd->agg_list) &&
		    txd->chim_index == HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID &&
		    txd->chim_size == 0 &&
		    (txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_ONLIST) &&
		    (txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_ONAGG) == 0 &&
		    (txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_DMAMAP) == 0, ("invalid txd"));
		txd->flags &= ~HN_TXD_FLAG_ONLIST;
		txd->refs = 1;
	}
	return txd;
}

static __inline void
hn_txdesc_hold(struct hn_txdesc *txd)
{

	/* 0->1 transition will never work */
	KASSERT(txd->refs > 0, ("invalid txd refs %d", txd->refs));
	atomic_add_int(&txd->refs, 1);
}

static __inline void
hn_txdesc_agg(struct hn_txdesc *agg_txd, struct hn_txdesc *txd)
{

	KASSERT((agg_txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_ONAGG) == 0,
	    ("recursive aggregation on aggregating txdesc"));

	KASSERT((txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_ONAGG) == 0,
	    ("already aggregated"));
	KASSERT(STAILQ_EMPTY(&txd->agg_list),
	    ("recursive aggregation on to-be-aggregated txdesc"));

	txd->flags |= HN_TXD_FLAG_ONAGG;
	STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&agg_txd->agg_list, txd, agg_link);
}

static bool
hn_tx_ring_pending(struct hn_tx_ring *txr)
{
	bool pending = false;

#ifndef HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING
	mtx_lock_spin(&txr->hn_txlist_spin);
	if (txr->hn_txdesc_avail != txr->hn_txdesc_cnt)
		pending = true;
	mtx_unlock_spin(&txr->hn_txlist_spin);
#else
	if (!buf_ring_full(txr->hn_txdesc_br))
		pending = true;
#endif
	return (pending);
}

static __inline void
hn_txeof(struct hn_tx_ring *txr)
{
	txr->hn_has_txeof = 0;
	txr->hn_txeof(txr);
}

static void
hn_txpkt_done(struct hn_nvs_sendctx *sndc, struct hn_softc *sc,
    struct vmbus_channel *chan, const void *data __unused, int dlen __unused)
{
	struct hn_txdesc *txd = sndc->hn_cbarg;
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr;

	txr = txd->txr;
	KASSERT(txr->hn_chan == chan,
	    ("channel mismatch, on chan%u, should be chan%u",
	     vmbus_chan_id(chan), vmbus_chan_id(txr->hn_chan)));

	txr->hn_has_txeof = 1;
	hn_txdesc_put(txr, txd);

	++txr->hn_txdone_cnt;
	if (txr->hn_txdone_cnt >= HN_EARLY_TXEOF_THRESH) {
		txr->hn_txdone_cnt = 0;
		if (txr->hn_oactive)
			hn_txeof(txr);
	}
}

static void
hn_chan_rollup(struct hn_rx_ring *rxr, struct hn_tx_ring *txr)
{
#if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
	tcp_lro_flush_all(&rxr->hn_lro);
#endif

	/*
	 * NOTE:
	 * 'txr' could be NULL, if multiple channels and
	 * ifnet.if_start method are enabled.
	 */
	if (txr == NULL || !txr->hn_has_txeof)
		return;

	txr->hn_txdone_cnt = 0;
	hn_txeof(txr);
}

static __inline uint32_t
hn_rndis_pktmsg_offset(uint32_t ofs)
{

	KASSERT(ofs >= sizeof(struct rndis_packet_msg),
	    ("invalid RNDIS packet msg offset %u", ofs));
	return (ofs - __offsetof(struct rndis_packet_msg, rm_dataoffset));
}

static __inline void *
hn_rndis_pktinfo_append(struct rndis_packet_msg *pkt, size_t pktsize,
    size_t pi_dlen, uint32_t pi_type)
{
	const size_t pi_size = HN_RNDIS_PKTINFO_SIZE(pi_dlen);
	struct rndis_pktinfo *pi;

	KASSERT((pi_size & RNDIS_PACKET_MSG_OFFSET_ALIGNMASK) == 0,
	    ("unaligned pktinfo size %zu, pktinfo dlen %zu", pi_size, pi_dlen));

	/*
	 * Per-packet-info does not move; it only grows.
	 *
	 * NOTE:
	 * rm_pktinfooffset in this phase counts from the beginning
	 * of rndis_packet_msg.
	 */
	KASSERT(pkt->rm_pktinfooffset + pkt->rm_pktinfolen + pi_size <= pktsize,
	    ("%u pktinfo overflows RNDIS packet msg", pi_type));
	pi = (struct rndis_pktinfo *)((uint8_t *)pkt + pkt->rm_pktinfooffset +
	    pkt->rm_pktinfolen);
	pkt->rm_pktinfolen += pi_size;

	pi->rm_size = pi_size;
	pi->rm_type = pi_type;
	pi->rm_pktinfooffset = RNDIS_PKTINFO_OFFSET;

	return (pi->rm_data);
}

static __inline int
hn_flush_txagg(struct ifnet *ifp, struct hn_tx_ring *txr)
{
	struct hn_txdesc *txd;
	struct mbuf *m;
	int error, pkts;

	txd = txr->hn_agg_txd;
	KASSERT(txd != NULL, ("no aggregate txdesc"));

	/*
	 * Since hn_txpkt() will reset this temporary stat, save
	 * it now, so that oerrors can be updated properly, if
	 * hn_txpkt() ever fails.
	 */
	pkts = txr->hn_stat_pkts;

	/*
	 * Since txd's mbuf will _not_ be freed upon hn_txpkt()
	 * failure, save it for later freeing, if hn_txpkt() ever
	 * fails.
	 */
	m = txd->m;
	error = hn_txpkt(ifp, txr, txd);
	if (__predict_false(error)) {
		/* txd is freed, but m is not. */
		m_freem(m);

		txr->hn_flush_failed++;
		if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OERRORS, pkts);
	}

	/* Reset all aggregation states. */
	txr->hn_agg_txd = NULL;
	txr->hn_agg_szleft = 0;
	txr->hn_agg_pktleft = 0;
	txr->hn_agg_prevpkt = NULL;

	return (error);
}

static void *
hn_try_txagg(struct ifnet *ifp, struct hn_tx_ring *txr, struct hn_txdesc *txd,
    int pktsize)
{
	void *chim;

	if (txr->hn_agg_txd != NULL) {
		if (txr->hn_agg_pktleft >= 1 && txr->hn_agg_szleft > pktsize) {
			struct hn_txdesc *agg_txd = txr->hn_agg_txd;
			struct rndis_packet_msg *pkt = txr->hn_agg_prevpkt;
			int olen;

			/*
			 * Update the previous RNDIS packet's total length,
			 * it can be increased due to the mandatory alignment
			 * padding for this RNDIS packet.  And update the
			 * aggregating txdesc's chimney sending buffer size
			 * accordingly.
			 *
			 * XXX
			 * Zero-out the padding, as required by the RNDIS spec.
			 */
			olen = pkt->rm_len;
			pkt->rm_len = roundup2(olen, txr->hn_agg_align);
			agg_txd->chim_size += pkt->rm_len - olen;

			/* Link this txdesc to the parent. */
			hn_txdesc_agg(agg_txd, txd);

			chim = (uint8_t *)pkt + pkt->rm_len;
			/* Save the current packet for later fixup. */
			txr->hn_agg_prevpkt = chim;

			txr->hn_agg_pktleft--;
			txr->hn_agg_szleft -= pktsize;
			if (txr->hn_agg_szleft <=
			    HN_PKTSIZE_MIN(txr->hn_agg_align)) {
				/*
				 * Probably can't aggregate more packets,
				 * flush this aggregating txdesc proactively.
				 */
				txr->hn_agg_pktleft = 0;
			}
			/* Done! */
			return (chim);
		}
		hn_flush_txagg(ifp, txr);
	}
	KASSERT(txr->hn_agg_txd == NULL, ("lingering aggregating txdesc"));

	txr->hn_tx_chimney_tried++;
	txd->chim_index = hn_chim_alloc(txr->hn_sc);
	if (txd->chim_index == HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID)
		return (NULL);
	txr->hn_tx_chimney++;

	chim = txr->hn_sc->hn_chim +
	    (txd->chim_index * txr->hn_sc->hn_chim_szmax);

	if (txr->hn_agg_pktmax > 1 &&
	    txr->hn_agg_szmax > pktsize + HN_PKTSIZE_MIN(txr->hn_agg_align)) {
		txr->hn_agg_txd = txd;
		txr->hn_agg_pktleft = txr->hn_agg_pktmax - 1;
		txr->hn_agg_szleft = txr->hn_agg_szmax - pktsize;
		txr->hn_agg_prevpkt = chim;
	}
	return (chim);
}

/*
 * NOTE:
 * If this function fails, then both txd and m_head0 will be freed.
 */
static int
hn_encap(struct ifnet *ifp, struct hn_tx_ring *txr, struct hn_txdesc *txd,
    struct mbuf **m_head0)
{
	bus_dma_segment_t segs[HN_TX_DATA_SEGCNT_MAX];
	int error, nsegs, i;
	struct mbuf *m_head = *m_head0;
	struct rndis_packet_msg *pkt;
	uint32_t *pi_data;
	void *chim = NULL;
	int pkt_hlen, pkt_size;

	pkt = txd->rndis_pkt;
	pkt_size = HN_PKTSIZE(m_head, txr->hn_agg_align);
	if (pkt_size < txr->hn_chim_size) {
		chim = hn_try_txagg(ifp, txr, txd, pkt_size);
		if (chim != NULL)
			pkt = chim;
	} else {
		if (txr->hn_agg_txd != NULL)
			hn_flush_txagg(ifp, txr);
	}

	pkt->rm_type = REMOTE_NDIS_PACKET_MSG;
	pkt->rm_len = m_head->m_pkthdr.len;
	pkt->rm_dataoffset = 0;
	pkt->rm_datalen = m_head->m_pkthdr.len;
	pkt->rm_oobdataoffset = 0;
	pkt->rm_oobdatalen = 0;
	pkt->rm_oobdataelements = 0;
	pkt->rm_pktinfooffset = sizeof(*pkt);
	pkt->rm_pktinfolen = 0;
	pkt->rm_vchandle = 0;
	pkt->rm_reserved = 0;

	if (txr->hn_tx_flags & HN_TX_FLAG_HASHVAL) {
		/*
		 * Set the hash value for this packet, so that the host could
		 * dispatch the TX done event for this packet back to this TX
		 * ring's channel.
		 */
		pi_data = hn_rndis_pktinfo_append(pkt, HN_RNDIS_PKT_LEN,
		    HN_NDIS_HASH_VALUE_SIZE, HN_NDIS_PKTINFO_TYPE_HASHVAL);
		*pi_data = txr->hn_tx_idx;
	}

	if (m_head->m_flags & M_VLANTAG) {
		pi_data = hn_rndis_pktinfo_append(pkt, HN_RNDIS_PKT_LEN,
		    NDIS_VLAN_INFO_SIZE, NDIS_PKTINFO_TYPE_VLAN);
		*pi_data = NDIS_VLAN_INFO_MAKE(
		    EVL_VLANOFTAG(m_head->m_pkthdr.ether_vtag),
		    EVL_PRIOFTAG(m_head->m_pkthdr.ether_vtag),
		    EVL_CFIOFTAG(m_head->m_pkthdr.ether_vtag));
	}

	if (m_head->m_pkthdr.csum_flags & CSUM_TSO) {
#if defined(INET6) || defined(INET)
		pi_data = hn_rndis_pktinfo_append(pkt, HN_RNDIS_PKT_LEN,
		    NDIS_LSO2_INFO_SIZE, NDIS_PKTINFO_TYPE_LSO);
#ifdef INET
		if (m_head->m_pkthdr.csum_flags & CSUM_IP_TSO) {
			*pi_data = NDIS_LSO2_INFO_MAKEIPV4(
			    m_head->m_pkthdr.l2hlen + m_head->m_pkthdr.l3hlen,
			    m_head->m_pkthdr.tso_segsz);
		}
#endif
#if defined(INET6) && defined(INET)
		else
#endif
#ifdef INET6
		{
			*pi_data = NDIS_LSO2_INFO_MAKEIPV6(
			    m_head->m_pkthdr.l2hlen + m_head->m_pkthdr.l3hlen,
			    m_head->m_pkthdr.tso_segsz);
		}
#endif
#endif	/* INET6 || INET */
	} else if (m_head->m_pkthdr.csum_flags & txr->hn_csum_assist) {
		pi_data = hn_rndis_pktinfo_append(pkt, HN_RNDIS_PKT_LEN,
		    NDIS_TXCSUM_INFO_SIZE, NDIS_PKTINFO_TYPE_CSUM);
		if (m_head->m_pkthdr.csum_flags &
		    (CSUM_IP6_TCP | CSUM_IP6_UDP)) {
			*pi_data = NDIS_TXCSUM_INFO_IPV6;
		} else {
			*pi_data = NDIS_TXCSUM_INFO_IPV4;
			if (m_head->m_pkthdr.csum_flags & CSUM_IP)
				*pi_data |= NDIS_TXCSUM_INFO_IPCS;
		}

		if (m_head->m_pkthdr.csum_flags &
		    (CSUM_IP_TCP | CSUM_IP6_TCP)) {
			*pi_data |= NDIS_TXCSUM_INFO_MKTCPCS(
			    m_head->m_pkthdr.l2hlen + m_head->m_pkthdr.l3hlen);
		} else if (m_head->m_pkthdr.csum_flags &
		    (CSUM_IP_UDP | CSUM_IP6_UDP)) {
			*pi_data |= NDIS_TXCSUM_INFO_MKUDPCS(
			    m_head->m_pkthdr.l2hlen + m_head->m_pkthdr.l3hlen);
		}
	}

	pkt_hlen = pkt->rm_pktinfooffset + pkt->rm_pktinfolen;
	/* Fixup RNDIS packet message total length */
	pkt->rm_len += pkt_hlen;
	/* Convert RNDIS packet message offsets */
	pkt->rm_dataoffset = hn_rndis_pktmsg_offset(pkt_hlen);
	pkt->rm_pktinfooffset = hn_rndis_pktmsg_offset(pkt->rm_pktinfooffset);

	/*
	 * Fast path: Chimney sending.
	 */
	if (chim != NULL) {
		struct hn_txdesc *tgt_txd = txd;

		if (txr->hn_agg_txd != NULL) {
			tgt_txd = txr->hn_agg_txd;
#ifdef INVARIANTS
			*m_head0 = NULL;
#endif
		}

		KASSERT(pkt == chim,
		    ("RNDIS pkt not in chimney sending buffer"));
		KASSERT(tgt_txd->chim_index != HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID,
		    ("chimney sending buffer is not used"));
		tgt_txd->chim_size += pkt->rm_len;

		m_copydata(m_head, 0, m_head->m_pkthdr.len,
		    ((uint8_t *)chim) + pkt_hlen);

		txr->hn_gpa_cnt = 0;
		txr->hn_sendpkt = hn_txpkt_chim;
		goto done;
	}

	KASSERT(txr->hn_agg_txd == NULL, ("aggregating sglist txdesc"));
	KASSERT(txd->chim_index == HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID,
	    ("chimney buffer is used"));
	KASSERT(pkt == txd->rndis_pkt, ("RNDIS pkt not in txdesc"));

	error = hn_txdesc_dmamap_load(txr, txd, &m_head, segs, &nsegs);
	if (__predict_false(error)) {
		int freed;

		/*
		 * This mbuf is not linked w/ the txd yet, so free it now.
		 */
		m_freem(m_head);
		*m_head0 = NULL;

		freed = hn_txdesc_put(txr, txd);
		KASSERT(freed != 0,
		    ("fail to free txd upon txdma error"));

		txr->hn_txdma_failed++;
		if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OERRORS, 1);
		return error;
	}
	*m_head0 = m_head;

	/* +1 RNDIS packet message */
	txr->hn_gpa_cnt = nsegs + 1;

	/* send packet with page buffer */
	txr->hn_gpa[0].gpa_page = atop(txd->rndis_pkt_paddr);
	txr->hn_gpa[0].gpa_ofs = txd->rndis_pkt_paddr & PAGE_MASK;
	txr->hn_gpa[0].gpa_len = pkt_hlen;

	/*
	 * Fill the page buffers with mbuf info after the page
	 * buffer for RNDIS packet message.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < nsegs; ++i) {
		struct vmbus_gpa *gpa = &txr->hn_gpa[i + 1];

		gpa->gpa_page = atop(segs[i].ds_addr);
		gpa->gpa_ofs = segs[i].ds_addr & PAGE_MASK;
		gpa->gpa_len = segs[i].ds_len;
	}

	txd->chim_index = HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID;
	txd->chim_size = 0;
	txr->hn_sendpkt = hn_txpkt_sglist;
done:
	txd->m = m_head;

	/* Set the completion routine */
	hn_nvs_sendctx_init(&txd->send_ctx, hn_txpkt_done, txd);

	/* Update temporary stats for later use. */
	txr->hn_stat_pkts++;
	txr->hn_stat_size += m_head->m_pkthdr.len;
	if (m_head->m_flags & M_MCAST)
		txr->hn_stat_mcasts++;

	return 0;
}

/*
 * NOTE:
 * If this function fails, then txd will be freed, but the mbuf
 * associated w/ the txd will _not_ be freed.
 */
static int
hn_txpkt(struct ifnet *ifp, struct hn_tx_ring *txr, struct hn_txdesc *txd)
{
	int error, send_failed = 0, has_bpf;

again:
	has_bpf = bpf_peers_present(ifp->if_bpf);
	if (has_bpf) {
		/*
		 * Make sure that this txd and any aggregated txds are not
		 * freed before ETHER_BPF_MTAP.
		 */
		hn_txdesc_hold(txd);
	}
	error = txr->hn_sendpkt(txr, txd);
	if (!error) {
		if (has_bpf) {
			const struct hn_txdesc *tmp_txd;

			ETHER_BPF_MTAP(ifp, txd->m);
			STAILQ_FOREACH(tmp_txd, &txd->agg_list, agg_link)
				ETHER_BPF_MTAP(ifp, tmp_txd->m);
		}

		if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OPACKETS, txr->hn_stat_pkts);
#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT
		if (!hn_use_if_start)
#endif
		{
			if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OBYTES,
			    txr->hn_stat_size);
			if (txr->hn_stat_mcasts != 0) {
				if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OMCASTS,
				    txr->hn_stat_mcasts);
			}
		}
		txr->hn_pkts += txr->hn_stat_pkts;
		txr->hn_sends++;
	}
	if (has_bpf)
		hn_txdesc_put(txr, txd);

	if (__predict_false(error)) {
		int freed;

		/*
		 * This should "really rarely" happen.
		 *
		 * XXX Too many RX to be acked or too many sideband
		 * commands to run?  Ask netvsc_channel_rollup()
		 * to kick start later.
		 */
		txr->hn_has_txeof = 1;
		if (!send_failed) {
			txr->hn_send_failed++;
			send_failed = 1;
			/*
			 * Try sending again after set hn_has_txeof;
			 * in case that we missed the last
			 * netvsc_channel_rollup().
			 */
			goto again;
		}
		if_printf(ifp, "send failed\n");

		/*
		 * Caller will perform further processing on the
		 * associated mbuf, so don't free it in hn_txdesc_put();
		 * only unload it from the DMA map in hn_txdesc_put(),
		 * if it was loaded.
		 */
		txd->m = NULL;
		freed = hn_txdesc_put(txr, txd);
		KASSERT(freed != 0,
		    ("fail to free txd upon send error"));

		txr->hn_send_failed++;
	}

	/* Reset temporary stats, after this sending is done. */
	txr->hn_stat_size = 0;
	txr->hn_stat_pkts = 0;
	txr->hn_stat_mcasts = 0;

	return (error);
}

/*
 * Append the specified data to the indicated mbuf chain,
 * Extend the mbuf chain if the new data does not fit in
 * existing space.
 *
 * This is a minor rewrite of m_append() from sys/kern/uipc_mbuf.c.
 * There should be an equivalent in the kernel mbuf code,
 * but there does not appear to be one yet.
 *
 * Differs from m_append() in that additional mbufs are
 * allocated with cluster size MJUMPAGESIZE, and filled
 * accordingly.
 *
 * Return 1 if able to complete the job; otherwise 0.
 */
static int
hv_m_append(struct mbuf *m0, int len, c_caddr_t cp)
{
	struct mbuf *m, *n;
	int remainder, space;

	for (m = m0; m->m_next != NULL; m = m->m_next)
		;
	remainder = len;
	space = M_TRAILINGSPACE(m);
	if (space > 0) {
		/*
		 * Copy into available space.
		 */
		if (space > remainder)
			space = remainder;
		bcopy(cp, mtod(m, caddr_t) + m->m_len, space);
		m->m_len += space;
		cp += space;
		remainder -= space;
	}
	while (remainder > 0) {
		/*
		 * Allocate a new mbuf; could check space
		 * and allocate a cluster instead.
		 */
		n = m_getjcl(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type, 0, MJUMPAGESIZE);
		if (n == NULL)
			break;
		n->m_len = min(MJUMPAGESIZE, remainder);
		bcopy(cp, mtod(n, caddr_t), n->m_len);
		cp += n->m_len;
		remainder -= n->m_len;
		m->m_next = n;
		m = n;
	}
	if (m0->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
		m0->m_pkthdr.len += len - remainder;

	return (remainder == 0);
}

#if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
static __inline int
hn_lro_rx(struct lro_ctrl *lc, struct mbuf *m)
{
#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100095
	if (hn_lro_mbufq_depth) {
		tcp_lro_queue_mbuf(lc, m);
		return 0;
	}
#endif
	return tcp_lro_rx(lc, m, 0);
}
#endif

static int
hn_rxpkt(struct hn_rx_ring *rxr, const void *data, int dlen,
    const struct hn_rxinfo *info)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp, *hn_ifp = rxr->hn_ifp;
	struct mbuf *m_new;
	int size, do_lro = 0, do_csum = 1, is_vf = 0;
	int hash_type = M_HASHTYPE_NONE;

	ifp = hn_ifp;
	if (rxr->hn_rxvf_ifp != NULL) {
		/*
		 * Non-transparent mode VF; pretend this packet is from
		 * the VF.
		 */
		ifp = rxr->hn_rxvf_ifp;
		is_vf = 1;
	} else if (rxr->hn_rx_flags & HN_RX_FLAG_XPNT_VF) {
		/* Transparent mode VF. */
		is_vf = 1;
	}

	if ((ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING) == 0) {
		/*
		 * NOTE:
		 * See the NOTE of hn_rndis_init_fixat().  This
		 * function can be reached, immediately after the
		 * RNDIS is initialized but before the ifnet is
		 * setup on the hn_attach() path; drop the unexpected
		 * packets.
		 */
		return (0);
	}

	if (__predict_false(dlen < ETHER_HDR_LEN)) {
		if_inc_counter(hn_ifp, IFCOUNTER_IERRORS, 1);
		return (0);
	}

	if (dlen <= MHLEN) {
		m_new = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
		if (m_new == NULL) {
			if_inc_counter(hn_ifp, IFCOUNTER_IQDROPS, 1);
			return (0);
		}
		memcpy(mtod(m_new, void *), data, dlen);
		m_new->m_pkthdr.len = m_new->m_len = dlen;
		rxr->hn_small_pkts++;
	} else {
		/*
		 * Get an mbuf with a cluster.  For packets 2K or less,
		 * get a standard 2K cluster.  For anything larger, get a
		 * 4K cluster.  Any buffers larger than 4K can cause problems
		 * if looped around to the Hyper-V TX channel, so avoid them.
		 */
		size = MCLBYTES;
		if (dlen > MCLBYTES) {
			/* 4096 */
			size = MJUMPAGESIZE;
		}

		m_new = m_getjcl(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA, M_PKTHDR, size);
		if (m_new == NULL) {
			if_inc_counter(hn_ifp, IFCOUNTER_IQDROPS, 1);
			return (0);
		}

		hv_m_append(m_new, dlen, data);
	}
	m_new->m_pkthdr.rcvif = ifp;

	if (__predict_false((hn_ifp->if_capenable & IFCAP_RXCSUM) == 0))
		do_csum = 0;

	/* receive side checksum offload */
	if (info->csum_info != HN_NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_INVALID) {
		/* IP csum offload */
		if ((info->csum_info & NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_IPCS_OK) && do_csum) {
			m_new->m_pkthdr.csum_flags |=
			    (CSUM_IP_CHECKED | CSUM_IP_VALID);
			rxr->hn_csum_ip++;
		}

		/* TCP/UDP csum offload */
		if ((info->csum_info & (NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_UDPCS_OK |
		     NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_TCPCS_OK)) && do_csum) {
			m_new->m_pkthdr.csum_flags |=
			    (CSUM_DATA_VALID | CSUM_PSEUDO_HDR);
			m_new->m_pkthdr.csum_data = 0xffff;
			if (info->csum_info & NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_TCPCS_OK)
				rxr->hn_csum_tcp++;
			else
				rxr->hn_csum_udp++;
		}

		/*
		 * XXX
		 * As of this write (Oct 28th, 2016), host side will turn
		 * on only TCPCS_OK and IPCS_OK even for UDP datagrams, so
		 * the do_lro setting here is actually _not_ accurate.  We
		 * depend on the RSS hash type check to reset do_lro.
		 */
		if ((info->csum_info &
		     (NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_TCPCS_OK | NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_IPCS_OK)) ==
		    (NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_TCPCS_OK | NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_IPCS_OK))
			do_lro = 1;
	} else {
		const struct ether_header *eh;
		uint16_t etype;
		int hoff;

		hoff = sizeof(*eh);
		/* Checked at the beginning of this function. */
		KASSERT(m_new->m_len >= hoff, ("not ethernet frame"));

		eh = mtod(m_new, struct ether_header *);
		etype = ntohs(eh->ether_type);
		if (etype == ETHERTYPE_VLAN) {
			const struct ether_vlan_header *evl;

			hoff = sizeof(*evl);
			if (m_new->m_len < hoff)
				goto skip;
			evl = mtod(m_new, struct ether_vlan_header *);
			etype = ntohs(evl->evl_proto);
		}

		if (etype == ETHERTYPE_IP) {
			int pr;

			pr = hn_check_iplen(m_new, hoff);
			if (pr == IPPROTO_TCP) {
				if (do_csum &&
				    (rxr->hn_trust_hcsum &
				     HN_TRUST_HCSUM_TCP)) {
					rxr->hn_csum_trusted++;
					m_new->m_pkthdr.csum_flags |=
					   (CSUM_IP_CHECKED | CSUM_IP_VALID |
					    CSUM_DATA_VALID | CSUM_PSEUDO_HDR);
					m_new->m_pkthdr.csum_data = 0xffff;
				}
				do_lro = 1;
			} else if (pr == IPPROTO_UDP) {
				if (do_csum &&
				    (rxr->hn_trust_hcsum &
				     HN_TRUST_HCSUM_UDP)) {
					rxr->hn_csum_trusted++;
					m_new->m_pkthdr.csum_flags |=
					   (CSUM_IP_CHECKED | CSUM_IP_VALID |
					    CSUM_DATA_VALID | CSUM_PSEUDO_HDR);
					m_new->m_pkthdr.csum_data = 0xffff;
				}
			} else if (pr != IPPROTO_DONE && do_csum &&
			    (rxr->hn_trust_hcsum & HN_TRUST_HCSUM_IP)) {
				rxr->hn_csum_trusted++;
				m_new->m_pkthdr.csum_flags |=
				    (CSUM_IP_CHECKED | CSUM_IP_VALID);
			}
		}
	}
skip:
	if (info->vlan_info != HN_NDIS_VLAN_INFO_INVALID) {
		m_new->m_pkthdr.ether_vtag = EVL_MAKETAG(
		    NDIS_VLAN_INFO_ID(info->vlan_info),
		    NDIS_VLAN_INFO_PRI(info->vlan_info),
		    NDIS_VLAN_INFO_CFI(info->vlan_info));
		m_new->m_flags |= M_VLANTAG;
	}

	/*
	 * If VF is activated (tranparent/non-transparent mode does not
	 * matter here).
	 *
	 * - Disable LRO
	 *
	 *   hn(4) will only receive broadcast packets, multicast packets,
	 *   TCP SYN and SYN|ACK (in Azure), LRO is useless for these
	 *   packet types.
	 *
	 *   For non-transparent, we definitely _cannot_ enable LRO at
	 *   all, since the LRO flush will use hn(4) as the receiving
	 *   interface; i.e. hn_ifp->if_input(hn_ifp, m).
	 */
	if (is_vf)
		do_lro = 0;

	/*
	 * If VF is activated (tranparent/non-transparent mode does not
	 * matter here), do _not_ mess with unsupported hash types or
	 * functions.
	 */
	if (info->hash_info != HN_NDIS_HASH_INFO_INVALID) {
		rxr->hn_rss_pkts++;
		m_new->m_pkthdr.flowid = info->hash_value;
		if (!is_vf)
			hash_type = M_HASHTYPE_OPAQUE_HASH;
		if ((info->hash_info & NDIS_HASH_FUNCTION_MASK) ==
		    NDIS_HASH_FUNCTION_TOEPLITZ) {
			uint32_t type = (info->hash_info & NDIS_HASH_TYPE_MASK &
			    rxr->hn_mbuf_hash);

			/*
			 * NOTE:
			 * do_lro is resetted, if the hash types are not TCP
			 * related.  See the comment in the above csum_flags
			 * setup section.
			 */
			switch (type) {
			case NDIS_HASH_IPV4:
				hash_type = M_HASHTYPE_RSS_IPV4;
				do_lro = 0;
				break;

			case NDIS_HASH_TCP_IPV4:
				hash_type = M_HASHTYPE_RSS_TCP_IPV4;
				break;

			case NDIS_HASH_IPV6:
				hash_type = M_HASHTYPE_RSS_IPV6;
				do_lro = 0;
				break;

			case NDIS_HASH_IPV6_EX:
				hash_type = M_HASHTYPE_RSS_IPV6_EX;
				do_lro = 0;
				break;

			case NDIS_HASH_TCP_IPV6:
				hash_type = M_HASHTYPE_RSS_TCP_IPV6;
				break;

			case NDIS_HASH_TCP_IPV6_EX:
				hash_type = M_HASHTYPE_RSS_TCP_IPV6_EX;
				break;
			}
		}
	} else if (!is_vf) {
		m_new->m_pkthdr.flowid = rxr->hn_rx_idx;
		hash_type = M_HASHTYPE_OPAQUE;
	}
	M_HASHTYPE_SET(m_new, hash_type);

	if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_IPACKETS, 1);
	if (hn_ifp != ifp) {
		const struct ether_header *eh;

		/*
		 * Non-transparent mode VF is activated.
		 */

		/*
		 * Allow tapping on hn(4).
		 */
		ETHER_BPF_MTAP(hn_ifp, m_new);

		/*
		 * Update hn(4)'s stats.
		 */
		if_inc_counter(hn_ifp, IFCOUNTER_IPACKETS, 1);
		if_inc_counter(hn_ifp, IFCOUNTER_IBYTES, m_new->m_pkthdr.len);
		/* Checked at the beginning of this function. */
		KASSERT(m_new->m_len >= ETHER_HDR_LEN, ("not ethernet frame"));
		eh = mtod(m_new, struct ether_header *);
		if (ETHER_IS_MULTICAST(eh->ether_dhost))
			if_inc_counter(hn_ifp, IFCOUNTER_IMCASTS, 1);
	}
	rxr->hn_pkts++;

	if ((hn_ifp->if_capenable & IFCAP_LRO) && do_lro) {
#if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
		struct lro_ctrl *lro = &rxr->hn_lro;

		if (lro->lro_cnt) {
			rxr->hn_lro_tried++;
			if (hn_lro_rx(lro, m_new) == 0) {
				/* DONE! */
				return 0;
			}
		}
#endif
	}
	ifp->if_input(ifp, m_new);

	return (0);
}

static int
hn_ioctl(struct ifnet *ifp, u_long cmd, caddr_t data)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = ifp->if_softc;
	struct ifreq *ifr = (struct ifreq *)data, ifr_vf;
	struct ifnet *vf_ifp;
	int mask, error = 0;
	struct ifrsskey *ifrk;
	struct ifrsshash *ifrh;
	uint32_t mtu;

	switch (cmd) {
	case SIOCSIFMTU:
		if (ifr->ifr_mtu > HN_MTU_MAX) {
			error = EINVAL;
			break;
		}

		HN_LOCK(sc);

		if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED) == 0) {
			HN_UNLOCK(sc);
			break;
		}

		if ((sc->hn_caps & HN_CAP_MTU) == 0) {
			/* Can't change MTU */
			HN_UNLOCK(sc);
			error = EOPNOTSUPP;
			break;
		}

		if (ifp->if_mtu == ifr->ifr_mtu) {
			HN_UNLOCK(sc);
			break;
		}

		if (hn_xpnt_vf_isready(sc)) {
			vf_ifp = sc->hn_vf_ifp;
			ifr_vf = *ifr;
			strlcpy(ifr_vf.ifr_name, vf_ifp->if_xname,
			    sizeof(ifr_vf.ifr_name));
			error = vf_ifp->if_ioctl(vf_ifp, SIOCSIFMTU,
			    (caddr_t)&ifr_vf);
			if (error) {
				HN_UNLOCK(sc);
				if_printf(ifp, "%s SIOCSIFMTU %d failed: %d\n",
				    vf_ifp->if_xname, ifr->ifr_mtu, error);
				break;
			}
		}

		/*
		 * Suspend this interface before the synthetic parts
		 * are ripped.
		 */
		hn_suspend(sc);

		/*
		 * Detach the synthetics parts, i.e. NVS and RNDIS.
		 */
		hn_synth_detach(sc);

		/*
		 * Reattach the synthetic parts, i.e. NVS and RNDIS,
		 * with the new MTU setting.
		 */
		error = hn_synth_attach(sc, ifr->ifr_mtu);
		if (error) {
			HN_UNLOCK(sc);
			break;
		}

		error = hn_rndis_get_mtu(sc, &mtu);
		if (error)
			mtu = ifr->ifr_mtu;
		else if (bootverbose)
			if_printf(ifp, "RNDIS mtu %u\n", mtu);

		/*
		 * Commit the requested MTU, after the synthetic parts
		 * have been successfully attached.
		 */
		if (mtu >= ifr->ifr_mtu) {
			mtu = ifr->ifr_mtu;
		} else {
			if_printf(ifp, "fixup mtu %d -> %u\n",
			    ifr->ifr_mtu, mtu);
		}
		ifp->if_mtu = mtu;

		/*
		 * Synthetic parts' reattach may change the chimney
		 * sending size; update it.
		 */
		if (sc->hn_tx_ring[0].hn_chim_size > sc->hn_chim_szmax)
			hn_set_chim_size(sc, sc->hn_chim_szmax);

		/*
		 * Make sure that various parameters based on MTU are
		 * still valid, after the MTU change.
		 */
		hn_mtu_change_fixup(sc);

		/*
		 * All done!  Resume the interface now.
		 */
		hn_resume(sc);

		if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_RXVF) ||
		    (sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED)) {
			/*
			 * Since we have reattached the NVS part,
			 * change the datapath to VF again; in case
			 * that it is lost, after the NVS was detached.
			 */
			hn_nvs_set_datapath(sc, HN_NVS_DATAPATH_VF);
		}

		HN_UNLOCK(sc);
		break;

	case SIOCSIFFLAGS:
		HN_LOCK(sc);

		if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED) == 0) {
			HN_UNLOCK(sc);
			break;
		}

		if (hn_xpnt_vf_isready(sc))
			hn_xpnt_vf_saveifflags(sc);

		if (ifp->if_flags & IFF_UP) {
			if (ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING) {
				/*
				 * Caller meight hold mutex, e.g.
				 * bpf; use busy-wait for the RNDIS
				 * reply.
				 */
				HN_NO_SLEEPING(sc);
				hn_rxfilter_config(sc);
				HN_SLEEPING_OK(sc);

				if (sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED)
					error = hn_xpnt_vf_iocsetflags(sc);
			} else {
				hn_init_locked(sc);
			}
		} else {
			if (ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING)
				hn_stop(sc, false);
		}
		sc->hn_if_flags = ifp->if_flags;

		HN_UNLOCK(sc);
		break;

	case SIOCSIFCAP:
		HN_LOCK(sc);

		if (hn_xpnt_vf_isready(sc)) {
			ifr_vf = *ifr;
			strlcpy(ifr_vf.ifr_name, sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_xname,
			    sizeof(ifr_vf.ifr_name));
			error = hn_xpnt_vf_iocsetcaps(sc, &ifr_vf);
			HN_UNLOCK(sc);
			break;
		}

		/*
		 * Fix up requested capabilities w/ supported capabilities,
		 * since the supported capabilities could have been changed.
		 */
		mask = (ifr->ifr_reqcap & ifp->if_capabilities) ^
		    ifp->if_capenable;

		if (mask & IFCAP_TXCSUM) {
			ifp->if_capenable ^= IFCAP_TXCSUM;
			if (ifp->if_capenable & IFCAP_TXCSUM)
				ifp->if_hwassist |= HN_CSUM_IP_HWASSIST(sc);
			else
				ifp->if_hwassist &= ~HN_CSUM_IP_HWASSIST(sc);
		}
		if (mask & IFCAP_TXCSUM_IPV6) {
			ifp->if_capenable ^= IFCAP_TXCSUM_IPV6;
			if (ifp->if_capenable & IFCAP_TXCSUM_IPV6)
				ifp->if_hwassist |= HN_CSUM_IP6_HWASSIST(sc);
			else
				ifp->if_hwassist &= ~HN_CSUM_IP6_HWASSIST(sc);
		}

		/* TODO: flip RNDIS offload parameters for RXCSUM. */
		if (mask & IFCAP_RXCSUM)
			ifp->if_capenable ^= IFCAP_RXCSUM;
#ifdef foo
		/* We can't diff IPv6 packets from IPv4 packets on RX path. */
		if (mask & IFCAP_RXCSUM_IPV6)
			ifp->if_capenable ^= IFCAP_RXCSUM_IPV6;
#endif

		if (mask & IFCAP_LRO)
			ifp->if_capenable ^= IFCAP_LRO;

		if (mask & IFCAP_TSO4) {
			ifp->if_capenable ^= IFCAP_TSO4;
			if (ifp->if_capenable & IFCAP_TSO4)
				ifp->if_hwassist |= CSUM_IP_TSO;
			else
				ifp->if_hwassist &= ~CSUM_IP_TSO;
		}
		if (mask & IFCAP_TSO6) {
			ifp->if_capenable ^= IFCAP_TSO6;
			if (ifp->if_capenable & IFCAP_TSO6)
				ifp->if_hwassist |= CSUM_IP6_TSO;
			else
				ifp->if_hwassist &= ~CSUM_IP6_TSO;
		}

		HN_UNLOCK(sc);
		break;

	case SIOCADDMULTI:
	case SIOCDELMULTI:
		HN_LOCK(sc);

		if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED) == 0) {
			HN_UNLOCK(sc);
			break;
		}
		if (ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING) {
			/*
			 * Multicast uses mutex; use busy-wait for
			 * the RNDIS reply.
			 */
			HN_NO_SLEEPING(sc);
			hn_rxfilter_config(sc);
			HN_SLEEPING_OK(sc);
		}

		/* XXX vlan(4) style mcast addr maintenance */
		if (hn_xpnt_vf_isready(sc)) {
			int old_if_flags;

			old_if_flags = sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_flags;
			hn_xpnt_vf_saveifflags(sc);

			if ((sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED) &&
			    ((old_if_flags ^ sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_flags) &
			     IFF_ALLMULTI))
				error = hn_xpnt_vf_iocsetflags(sc);
		}

		HN_UNLOCK(sc);
		break;

	case SIOCSIFMEDIA:
	case SIOCGIFMEDIA:
		HN_LOCK(sc);
		if (hn_xpnt_vf_isready(sc)) {
			/*
			 * SIOCGIFMEDIA expects ifmediareq, so don't
			 * create and pass ifr_vf to the VF here; just
			 * replace the ifr_name.
			 */
			vf_ifp = sc->hn_vf_ifp;
			strlcpy(ifr->ifr_name, vf_ifp->if_xname,
			    sizeof(ifr->ifr_name));
			error = vf_ifp->if_ioctl(vf_ifp, cmd, data);
			/* Restore the ifr_name. */
			strlcpy(ifr->ifr_name, ifp->if_xname,
			    sizeof(ifr->ifr_name));
			HN_UNLOCK(sc);
			break;
		}
		HN_UNLOCK(sc);
		error = ifmedia_ioctl(ifp, ifr, &sc->hn_media, cmd);
		break;

	case SIOCGIFRSSHASH:
		ifrh = (struct ifrsshash *)data;
		HN_LOCK(sc);
		if (sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse == 1) {
			HN_UNLOCK(sc);
			ifrh->ifrh_func = RSS_FUNC_NONE;
			ifrh->ifrh_types = 0;
			break;
		}

		if (sc->hn_rss_hash & NDIS_HASH_FUNCTION_TOEPLITZ)
			ifrh->ifrh_func = RSS_FUNC_TOEPLITZ;
		else
			ifrh->ifrh_func = RSS_FUNC_PRIVATE;
		ifrh->ifrh_types = hn_rss_type_fromndis(sc->hn_rss_hash);
		HN_UNLOCK(sc);
		break;

	case SIOCGIFRSSKEY:
		ifrk = (struct ifrsskey *)data;
		HN_LOCK(sc);
		if (sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse == 1) {
			HN_UNLOCK(sc);
			ifrk->ifrk_func = RSS_FUNC_NONE;
			ifrk->ifrk_keylen = 0;
			break;
		}
		if (sc->hn_rss_hash & NDIS_HASH_FUNCTION_TOEPLITZ)
			ifrk->ifrk_func = RSS_FUNC_TOEPLITZ;
		else
			ifrk->ifrk_func = RSS_FUNC_PRIVATE;
		ifrk->ifrk_keylen = NDIS_HASH_KEYSIZE_TOEPLITZ;
		memcpy(ifrk->ifrk_key, sc->hn_rss.rss_key,
		    NDIS_HASH_KEYSIZE_TOEPLITZ);
		HN_UNLOCK(sc);
		break;

	default:
		error = ether_ioctl(ifp, cmd, data);
		break;
	}
	return (error);
}

static void
hn_stop(struct hn_softc *sc, bool detaching)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
	int i;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	KASSERT(sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED,
	    ("synthetic parts were not attached"));

	/* Clear RUNNING bit ASAP. */
	atomic_clear_int(&ifp->if_drv_flags, IFF_DRV_RUNNING);

	/* Disable polling. */
	hn_polling(sc, 0);

	if (sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED) {
		KASSERT(sc->hn_vf_ifp != NULL,
		    ("%s: VF is not attached", ifp->if_xname));

		/* Mark transparent mode VF as disabled. */
		hn_xpnt_vf_setdisable(sc, false /* keep hn_vf_ifp */);

		/*
		 * NOTE:
		 * Datapath setting must happen _before_ bringing
		 * the VF down.
		 */
		hn_nvs_set_datapath(sc, HN_NVS_DATAPATH_SYNTH);

		/*
		 * Bring the VF down.
		 */
		hn_xpnt_vf_saveifflags(sc);
		sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_flags &= ~IFF_UP;
		hn_xpnt_vf_iocsetflags(sc);
	}

	/* Suspend data transfers. */
	hn_suspend_data(sc);

	/* Clear OACTIVE bit. */
	atomic_clear_int(&ifp->if_drv_flags, IFF_DRV_OACTIVE);
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse; ++i)
		sc->hn_tx_ring[i].hn_oactive = 0;

	/*
	 * If the non-transparent mode VF is active, make sure
	 * that the RX filter still allows packet reception.
	 */
	if (!detaching && (sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_RXVF))
		hn_rxfilter_config(sc);
}

static void
hn_init_locked(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
	int i;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED) == 0)
		return;

	if (ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING)
		return;

	/* Configure RX filter */
	hn_rxfilter_config(sc);

	/* Clear OACTIVE bit. */
	atomic_clear_int(&ifp->if_drv_flags, IFF_DRV_OACTIVE);
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse; ++i)
		sc->hn_tx_ring[i].hn_oactive = 0;

	/* Clear TX 'suspended' bit. */
	hn_resume_tx(sc, sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse);

	if (hn_xpnt_vf_isready(sc)) {
		/* Initialize transparent VF. */
		hn_xpnt_vf_init(sc);
	}

	/* Everything is ready; unleash! */
	atomic_set_int(&ifp->if_drv_flags, IFF_DRV_RUNNING);

	/* Re-enable polling if requested. */
	if (sc->hn_pollhz > 0)
		hn_polling(sc, sc->hn_pollhz);
}

static void
hn_init(void *xsc)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = xsc;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	hn_init_locked(sc);
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
}

#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100099

static int
hn_lro_lenlim_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	unsigned int lenlim;
	int error;

	lenlim = sc->hn_rx_ring[0].hn_lro.lro_length_lim;
	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &lenlim, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return error;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	if (lenlim < HN_LRO_LENLIM_MIN(sc->hn_ifp) ||
	    lenlim > TCP_LRO_LENGTH_MAX) {
		HN_UNLOCK(sc);
		return EINVAL;
	}
	hn_set_lro_lenlim(sc, lenlim);
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);

	return 0;
}

static int
hn_lro_ackcnt_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int ackcnt, error, i;

	/*
	 * lro_ackcnt_lim is append count limit,
	 * +1 to turn it into aggregation limit.
	 */
	ackcnt = sc->hn_rx_ring[0].hn_lro.lro_ackcnt_lim + 1;
	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &ackcnt, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return error;

	if (ackcnt < 2 || ackcnt > (TCP_LRO_ACKCNT_MAX + 1))
		return EINVAL;

	/*
	 * Convert aggregation limit back to append
	 * count limit.
	 */
	--ackcnt;
	HN_LOCK(sc);
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i)
		sc->hn_rx_ring[i].hn_lro.lro_ackcnt_lim = ackcnt;
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	return 0;
}

#endif

static int
hn_trust_hcsum_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int hcsum = arg2;
	int on, error, i;

	on = 0;
	if (sc->hn_rx_ring[0].hn_trust_hcsum & hcsum)
		on = 1;

	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &on, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return error;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		struct hn_rx_ring *rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[i];

		if (on)
			rxr->hn_trust_hcsum |= hcsum;
		else
			rxr->hn_trust_hcsum &= ~hcsum;
	}
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	return 0;
}

static int
hn_chim_size_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int chim_size, error;

	chim_size = sc->hn_tx_ring[0].hn_chim_size;
	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &chim_size, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return error;

	if (chim_size > sc->hn_chim_szmax || chim_size <= 0)
		return EINVAL;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	hn_set_chim_size(sc, chim_size);
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	return 0;
}

#if __FreeBSD_version < 1100095
static int
hn_rx_stat_int_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int ofs = arg2, i, error;
	struct hn_rx_ring *rxr;
	uint64_t stat;

	stat = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[i];
		stat += *((int *)((uint8_t *)rxr + ofs));
	}

	error = sysctl_handle_64(oidp, &stat, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return error;

	/* Zero out this stat. */
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[i];
		*((int *)((uint8_t *)rxr + ofs)) = 0;
	}
	return 0;
}
#else
static int
hn_rx_stat_u64_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int ofs = arg2, i, error;
	struct hn_rx_ring *rxr;
	uint64_t stat;

	stat = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[i];
		stat += *((uint64_t *)((uint8_t *)rxr + ofs));
	}

	error = sysctl_handle_64(oidp, &stat, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return error;

	/* Zero out this stat. */
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[i];
		*((uint64_t *)((uint8_t *)rxr + ofs)) = 0;
	}
	return 0;
}

#endif

static int
hn_rx_stat_ulong_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int ofs = arg2, i, error;
	struct hn_rx_ring *rxr;
	u_long stat;

	stat = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[i];
		stat += *((u_long *)((uint8_t *)rxr + ofs));
	}

	error = sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &stat, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return error;

	/* Zero out this stat. */
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[i];
		*((u_long *)((uint8_t *)rxr + ofs)) = 0;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int
hn_tx_stat_ulong_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int ofs = arg2, i, error;
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr;
	u_long stat;

	stat = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[i];
		stat += *((u_long *)((uint8_t *)txr + ofs));
	}

	error = sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &stat, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return error;

	/* Zero out this stat. */
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[i];
		*((u_long *)((uint8_t *)txr + ofs)) = 0;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int
hn_tx_conf_int_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int ofs = arg2, i, error, conf;
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr;

	txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[0];
	conf = *((int *)((uint8_t *)txr + ofs));

	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &conf, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return error;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[i];
		*((int *)((uint8_t *)txr + ofs)) = conf;
	}
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);

	return 0;
}

static int
hn_txagg_size_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int error, size;

	size = sc->hn_agg_size;
	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &size, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return (error);

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	sc->hn_agg_size = size;
	hn_set_txagg(sc);
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);

	return (0);
}

static int
hn_txagg_pkts_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int error, pkts;

	pkts = sc->hn_agg_pkts;
	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &pkts, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return (error);

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	sc->hn_agg_pkts = pkts;
	hn_set_txagg(sc);
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);

	return (0);
}

static int
hn_txagg_pktmax_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int pkts;

	pkts = sc->hn_tx_ring[0].hn_agg_pktmax;
	return (sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &pkts, 0, req));
}

static int
hn_txagg_align_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int align;

	align = sc->hn_tx_ring[0].hn_agg_align;
	return (sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &align, 0, req));
}

static void
hn_chan_polling(struct vmbus_channel *chan, u_int pollhz)
{
	if (pollhz == 0)
		vmbus_chan_poll_disable(chan);
	else
		vmbus_chan_poll_enable(chan, pollhz);
}

static void
hn_polling(struct hn_softc *sc, u_int pollhz)
{
	int nsubch = sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse - 1;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	if (nsubch > 0) {
		struct vmbus_channel **subch;
		int i;

		subch = vmbus_subchan_get(sc->hn_prichan, nsubch);
		for (i = 0; i < nsubch; ++i)
			hn_chan_polling(subch[i], pollhz);
		vmbus_subchan_rel(subch, nsubch);
	}
	hn_chan_polling(sc->hn_prichan, pollhz);
}

static int
hn_polling_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int pollhz, error;

	pollhz = sc->hn_pollhz;
	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &pollhz, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return (error);

	if (pollhz != 0 &&
	    (pollhz < VMBUS_CHAN_POLLHZ_MIN || pollhz > VMBUS_CHAN_POLLHZ_MAX))
		return (EINVAL);

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	if (sc->hn_pollhz != pollhz) {
		sc->hn_pollhz = pollhz;
		if ((sc->hn_ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING) &&
		    (sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED))
			hn_polling(sc, sc->hn_pollhz);
	}
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);

	return (0);
}

static int
hn_ndis_version_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	char verstr[16];

	snprintf(verstr, sizeof(verstr), "%u.%u",
	    HN_NDIS_VERSION_MAJOR(sc->hn_ndis_ver),
	    HN_NDIS_VERSION_MINOR(sc->hn_ndis_ver));
	return sysctl_handle_string(oidp, verstr, sizeof(verstr), req);
}

static int
hn_caps_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	char caps_str[128];
	uint32_t caps;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	caps = sc->hn_caps;
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	snprintf(caps_str, sizeof(caps_str), "%b", caps, HN_CAP_BITS);
	return sysctl_handle_string(oidp, caps_str, sizeof(caps_str), req);
}

static int
hn_hwassist_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	char assist_str[128];
	uint32_t hwassist;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	hwassist = sc->hn_ifp->if_hwassist;
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	snprintf(assist_str, sizeof(assist_str), "%b", hwassist, CSUM_BITS);
	return sysctl_handle_string(oidp, assist_str, sizeof(assist_str), req);
}

static int
hn_rxfilter_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	char filter_str[128];
	uint32_t filter;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	filter = sc->hn_rx_filter;
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	snprintf(filter_str, sizeof(filter_str), "%b", filter,
	    NDIS_PACKET_TYPES);
	return sysctl_handle_string(oidp, filter_str, sizeof(filter_str), req);
}

#ifndef RSS

static int
hn_rss_key_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int error;

	HN_LOCK(sc);

	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, sc->hn_rss.rss_key, sizeof(sc->hn_rss.rss_key));
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		goto back;

	if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_RXVF) ||
	    (hn_xpnt_vf && sc->hn_vf_ifp != NULL)) {
		/*
		 * RSS key is synchronized w/ VF's, don't allow users
		 * to change it.
		 */
		error = EBUSY;
		goto back;
	}

	error = SYSCTL_IN(req, sc->hn_rss.rss_key, sizeof(sc->hn_rss.rss_key));
	if (error)
		goto back;
	sc->hn_flags |= HN_FLAG_HAS_RSSKEY;

	if (sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse > 1) {
		error = hn_rss_reconfig(sc);
	} else {
		/* Not RSS capable, at least for now; just save the RSS key. */
		error = 0;
	}
back:
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	return (error);
}

static int
hn_rss_ind_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int error;

	HN_LOCK(sc);

	error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, sc->hn_rss.rss_ind, sizeof(sc->hn_rss.rss_ind));
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		goto back;

	/*
	 * Don't allow RSS indirect table change, if this interface is not
	 * RSS capable currently.
	 */
	if (sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse == 1) {
		error = EOPNOTSUPP;
		goto back;
	}

	error = SYSCTL_IN(req, sc->hn_rss.rss_ind, sizeof(sc->hn_rss.rss_ind));
	if (error)
		goto back;
	sc->hn_flags |= HN_FLAG_HAS_RSSIND;

	hn_rss_ind_fixup(sc);
	error = hn_rss_reconfig(sc);
back:
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	return (error);
}

#endif	/* !RSS */

static int
hn_rss_hash_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	char hash_str[128];
	uint32_t hash;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	hash = sc->hn_rss_hash;
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	snprintf(hash_str, sizeof(hash_str), "%b", hash, NDIS_HASH_BITS);
	return sysctl_handle_string(oidp, hash_str, sizeof(hash_str), req);
}

static int
hn_rss_hcap_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	char hash_str[128];
	uint32_t hash;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	hash = sc->hn_rss_hcap;
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	snprintf(hash_str, sizeof(hash_str), "%b", hash, NDIS_HASH_BITS);
	return sysctl_handle_string(oidp, hash_str, sizeof(hash_str), req);
}

static int
hn_rss_mbuf_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	char hash_str[128];
	uint32_t hash;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	hash = sc->hn_rx_ring[0].hn_mbuf_hash;
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	snprintf(hash_str, sizeof(hash_str), "%b", hash, NDIS_HASH_BITS);
	return sysctl_handle_string(oidp, hash_str, sizeof(hash_str), req);
}

static int
hn_vf_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	char vf_name[IFNAMSIZ + 1];
	struct ifnet *vf_ifp;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	vf_name[0] = '\0';
	vf_ifp = sc->hn_vf_ifp;
	if (vf_ifp != NULL)
		snprintf(vf_name, sizeof(vf_name), "%s", vf_ifp->if_xname);
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	return sysctl_handle_string(oidp, vf_name, sizeof(vf_name), req);
}

static int
hn_rxvf_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	char vf_name[IFNAMSIZ + 1];
	struct ifnet *vf_ifp;

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	vf_name[0] = '\0';
	vf_ifp = sc->hn_rx_ring[0].hn_rxvf_ifp;
	if (vf_ifp != NULL)
		snprintf(vf_name, sizeof(vf_name), "%s", vf_ifp->if_xname);
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);
	return sysctl_handle_string(oidp, vf_name, sizeof(vf_name), req);
}

static int
hn_vflist_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct rm_priotracker pt;
	struct sbuf *sb;
	int error, i;
	bool first;

	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, 0);
	if (error != 0)
		return (error);

	sb = sbuf_new_for_sysctl(NULL, NULL, 128, req);
	if (sb == NULL)
		return (ENOMEM);

	rm_rlock(&hn_vfmap_lock, &pt);

	first = true;
	for (i = 0; i < hn_vfmap_size; ++i) {
		struct ifnet *ifp;

		if (hn_vfmap[i] == NULL)
			continue;

		ifp = ifnet_byindex(i);
		if (ifp != NULL) {
			if (first)
				sbuf_printf(sb, "%s", ifp->if_xname);
			else
				sbuf_printf(sb, " %s", ifp->if_xname);
			first = false;
		}
	}

	rm_runlock(&hn_vfmap_lock, &pt);

	error = sbuf_finish(sb);
	sbuf_delete(sb);
	return (error);
}

static int
hn_vfmap_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct rm_priotracker pt;
	struct sbuf *sb;
	int error, i;
	bool first;

	error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, 0);
	if (error != 0)
		return (error);

	sb = sbuf_new_for_sysctl(NULL, NULL, 128, req);
	if (sb == NULL)
		return (ENOMEM);

	rm_rlock(&hn_vfmap_lock, &pt);

	first = true;
	for (i = 0; i < hn_vfmap_size; ++i) {
		struct ifnet *ifp, *hn_ifp;

		hn_ifp = hn_vfmap[i];
		if (hn_ifp == NULL)
			continue;

		ifp = ifnet_byindex(i);
		if (ifp != NULL) {
			if (first) {
				sbuf_printf(sb, "%s:%s", ifp->if_xname,
				    hn_ifp->if_xname);
			} else {
				sbuf_printf(sb, " %s:%s", ifp->if_xname,
				    hn_ifp->if_xname);
			}
			first = false;
		}
	}

	rm_runlock(&hn_vfmap_lock, &pt);

	error = sbuf_finish(sb);
	sbuf_delete(sb);
	return (error);
}

static int
hn_xpnt_vf_accbpf_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int error, onoff = 0;

	if (sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ACCBPF)
		onoff = 1;
	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &onoff, 0, req);
	if (error || req->newptr == NULL)
		return (error);

	HN_LOCK(sc);
	/* NOTE: hn_vf_lock for hn_transmit() */
	rm_wlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock);
	if (onoff)
		sc->hn_xvf_flags |= HN_XVFFLAG_ACCBPF;
	else
		sc->hn_xvf_flags &= ~HN_XVFFLAG_ACCBPF;
	rm_wunlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock);
	HN_UNLOCK(sc);

	return (0);
}

static int
hn_xpnt_vf_enabled_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = arg1;
	int enabled = 0;

	if (sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED)
		enabled = 1;
	return (sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &enabled, 0, req));
}

static int
hn_check_iplen(const struct mbuf *m, int hoff)
{
	const struct ip *ip;
	int len, iphlen, iplen;
	const struct tcphdr *th;
	int thoff;				/* TCP data offset */

	len = hoff + sizeof(struct ip);

	/* The packet must be at least the size of an IP header. */
	if (m->m_pkthdr.len < len)
		return IPPROTO_DONE;

	/* The fixed IP header must reside completely in the first mbuf. */
	if (m->m_len < len)
		return IPPROTO_DONE;

	ip = mtodo(m, hoff);

	/* Bound check the packet's stated IP header length. */
	iphlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
	if (iphlen < sizeof(struct ip))		/* minimum header length */
		return IPPROTO_DONE;

	/* The full IP header must reside completely in the one mbuf. */
	if (m->m_len < hoff + iphlen)
		return IPPROTO_DONE;

	iplen = ntohs(ip->ip_len);

	/*
	 * Check that the amount of data in the buffers is as
	 * at least much as the IP header would have us expect.
	 */
	if (m->m_pkthdr.len < hoff + iplen)
		return IPPROTO_DONE;

	/*
	 * Ignore IP fragments.
	 */
	if (ntohs(ip->ip_off) & (IP_OFFMASK | IP_MF))
		return IPPROTO_DONE;

	/*
	 * The TCP/IP or UDP/IP header must be entirely contained within
	 * the first fragment of a packet.
	 */
	switch (ip->ip_p) {
	case IPPROTO_TCP:
		if (iplen < iphlen + sizeof(struct tcphdr))
			return IPPROTO_DONE;
		if (m->m_len < hoff + iphlen + sizeof(struct tcphdr))
			return IPPROTO_DONE;
		th = (const struct tcphdr *)((const uint8_t *)ip + iphlen);
		thoff = th->th_off << 2;
		if (thoff < sizeof(struct tcphdr) || thoff + iphlen > iplen)
			return IPPROTO_DONE;
		if (m->m_len < hoff + iphlen + thoff)
			return IPPROTO_DONE;
		break;
	case IPPROTO_UDP:
		if (iplen < iphlen + sizeof(struct udphdr))
			return IPPROTO_DONE;
		if (m->m_len < hoff + iphlen + sizeof(struct udphdr))
			return IPPROTO_DONE;
		break;
	default:
		if (iplen < iphlen)
			return IPPROTO_DONE;
		break;
	}
	return ip->ip_p;
}

static int
hn_create_rx_data(struct hn_softc *sc, int ring_cnt)
{
	struct sysctl_oid_list *child;
	struct sysctl_ctx_list *ctx;
	device_t dev = sc->hn_dev;
#if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100095
	int lroent_cnt;
#endif
#endif
	int i;

	/*
	 * Create RXBUF for reception.
	 *
	 * NOTE:
	 * - It is shared by all channels.
	 * - A large enough buffer is allocated, certain version of NVSes
	 *   may further limit the usable space.
	 */
	sc->hn_rxbuf = hyperv_dmamem_alloc(bus_get_dma_tag(dev),
	    PAGE_SIZE, 0, HN_RXBUF_SIZE, &sc->hn_rxbuf_dma,
	    BUS_DMA_WAITOK | BUS_DMA_ZERO);
	if (sc->hn_rxbuf == NULL) {
		device_printf(sc->hn_dev, "allocate rxbuf failed\n");
		return (ENOMEM);
	}

	sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt = ring_cnt;
	sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse = sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt;

	sc->hn_rx_ring = malloc(sizeof(struct hn_rx_ring) * sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt,
	    M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);

#if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100095
	lroent_cnt = hn_lro_entry_count;
	if (lroent_cnt < TCP_LRO_ENTRIES)
		lroent_cnt = TCP_LRO_ENTRIES;
	if (bootverbose)
		device_printf(dev, "LRO: entry count %d\n", lroent_cnt);
#endif
#endif	/* INET || INET6 */

	ctx = device_get_sysctl_ctx(dev);
	child = SYSCTL_CHILDREN(device_get_sysctl_tree(dev));

	/* Create dev.hn.UNIT.rx sysctl tree */
	sc->hn_rx_sysctl_tree = SYSCTL_ADD_NODE(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rx",
	    CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0, "");

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		struct hn_rx_ring *rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[i];

		rxr->hn_br = hyperv_dmamem_alloc(bus_get_dma_tag(dev),
		    PAGE_SIZE, 0, HN_TXBR_SIZE + HN_RXBR_SIZE,
		    &rxr->hn_br_dma, BUS_DMA_WAITOK);
		if (rxr->hn_br == NULL) {
			device_printf(dev, "allocate bufring failed\n");
			return (ENOMEM);
		}

		if (hn_trust_hosttcp)
			rxr->hn_trust_hcsum |= HN_TRUST_HCSUM_TCP;
		if (hn_trust_hostudp)
			rxr->hn_trust_hcsum |= HN_TRUST_HCSUM_UDP;
		if (hn_trust_hostip)
			rxr->hn_trust_hcsum |= HN_TRUST_HCSUM_IP;
		rxr->hn_mbuf_hash = NDIS_HASH_ALL;
		rxr->hn_ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
		if (i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt)
			rxr->hn_txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[i];
		rxr->hn_pktbuf_len = HN_PKTBUF_LEN_DEF;
		rxr->hn_pktbuf = malloc(rxr->hn_pktbuf_len, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);
		rxr->hn_rx_idx = i;
		rxr->hn_rxbuf = sc->hn_rxbuf;

		/*
		 * Initialize LRO.
		 */
#if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100095
		tcp_lro_init_args(&rxr->hn_lro, sc->hn_ifp, lroent_cnt,
		    hn_lro_mbufq_depth);
#else
		tcp_lro_init(&rxr->hn_lro);
		rxr->hn_lro.ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
#endif
#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100099
		rxr->hn_lro.lro_length_lim = HN_LRO_LENLIM_DEF;
		rxr->hn_lro.lro_ackcnt_lim = HN_LRO_ACKCNT_DEF;
#endif
#endif	/* INET || INET6 */

		if (sc->hn_rx_sysctl_tree != NULL) {
			char name[16];

			/*
			 * Create per RX ring sysctl tree:
			 * dev.hn.UNIT.rx.RINGID
			 */
			snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%d", i);
			rxr->hn_rx_sysctl_tree = SYSCTL_ADD_NODE(ctx,
			    SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->hn_rx_sysctl_tree),
			    OID_AUTO, name, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0, "");

			if (rxr->hn_rx_sysctl_tree != NULL) {
				SYSCTL_ADD_ULONG(ctx,
				    SYSCTL_CHILDREN(rxr->hn_rx_sysctl_tree),
				    OID_AUTO, "packets", CTLFLAG_RW,
				    &rxr->hn_pkts, "# of packets received");
				SYSCTL_ADD_ULONG(ctx,
				    SYSCTL_CHILDREN(rxr->hn_rx_sysctl_tree),
				    OID_AUTO, "rss_pkts", CTLFLAG_RW,
				    &rxr->hn_rss_pkts,
				    "# of packets w/ RSS info received");
				SYSCTL_ADD_INT(ctx,
				    SYSCTL_CHILDREN(rxr->hn_rx_sysctl_tree),
				    OID_AUTO, "pktbuf_len", CTLFLAG_RD,
				    &rxr->hn_pktbuf_len, 0,
				    "Temporary channel packet buffer length");
			}
		}
	}

	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "lro_queued",
	    CTLTYPE_U64 | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_rx_ring, hn_lro.lro_queued),
#if __FreeBSD_version < 1100095
	    hn_rx_stat_int_sysctl,
#else
	    hn_rx_stat_u64_sysctl,
#endif
	    "LU", "LRO queued");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "lro_flushed",
	    CTLTYPE_U64 | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_rx_ring, hn_lro.lro_flushed),
#if __FreeBSD_version < 1100095
	    hn_rx_stat_int_sysctl,
#else
	    hn_rx_stat_u64_sysctl,
#endif
	    "LU", "LRO flushed");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "lro_tried",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_rx_ring, hn_lro_tried),
	    hn_rx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "# of LRO tries");
#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1100099
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "lro_length_lim",
	    CTLTYPE_UINT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_lro_lenlim_sysctl, "IU",
	    "Max # of data bytes to be aggregated by LRO");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "lro_ackcnt_lim",
	    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_lro_ackcnt_sysctl, "I",
	    "Max # of ACKs to be aggregated by LRO");
#endif
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "trust_hosttcp",
	    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, HN_TRUST_HCSUM_TCP,
	    hn_trust_hcsum_sysctl, "I",
	    "Trust tcp segement verification on host side, "
	    "when csum info is missing");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "trust_hostudp",
	    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, HN_TRUST_HCSUM_UDP,
	    hn_trust_hcsum_sysctl, "I",
	    "Trust udp datagram verification on host side, "
	    "when csum info is missing");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "trust_hostip",
	    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, HN_TRUST_HCSUM_IP,
	    hn_trust_hcsum_sysctl, "I",
	    "Trust ip packet verification on host side, "
	    "when csum info is missing");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "csum_ip",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_rx_ring, hn_csum_ip),
	    hn_rx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "RXCSUM IP");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "csum_tcp",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_rx_ring, hn_csum_tcp),
	    hn_rx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "RXCSUM TCP");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "csum_udp",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_rx_ring, hn_csum_udp),
	    hn_rx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "RXCSUM UDP");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "csum_trusted",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_rx_ring, hn_csum_trusted),
	    hn_rx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU",
	    "# of packets that we trust host's csum verification");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "small_pkts",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_rx_ring, hn_small_pkts),
	    hn_rx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "# of small packets received");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rx_ack_failed",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_rx_ring, hn_ack_failed),
	    hn_rx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "# of RXBUF ack failures");
	SYSCTL_ADD_INT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rx_ring_cnt",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt, 0, "# created RX rings");
	SYSCTL_ADD_INT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "rx_ring_inuse",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse, 0, "# used RX rings");

	return (0);
}

static void
hn_destroy_rx_data(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	int i;

	if (sc->hn_rxbuf != NULL) {
		if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_RXBUF_REF) == 0)
			hyperv_dmamem_free(&sc->hn_rxbuf_dma, sc->hn_rxbuf);
		else
			device_printf(sc->hn_dev, "RXBUF is referenced\n");
		sc->hn_rxbuf = NULL;
	}

	if (sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt == 0)
		return;

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		struct hn_rx_ring *rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[i];

		if (rxr->hn_br == NULL)
			continue;
		if ((rxr->hn_rx_flags & HN_RX_FLAG_BR_REF) == 0) {
			hyperv_dmamem_free(&rxr->hn_br_dma, rxr->hn_br);
		} else {
			device_printf(sc->hn_dev,
			    "%dth channel bufring is referenced", i);
		}
		rxr->hn_br = NULL;

#if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
		tcp_lro_free(&rxr->hn_lro);
#endif
		free(rxr->hn_pktbuf, M_DEVBUF);
	}
	free(sc->hn_rx_ring, M_DEVBUF);
	sc->hn_rx_ring = NULL;

	sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt = 0;
	sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse = 0;
}

static int
hn_tx_ring_create(struct hn_softc *sc, int id)
{
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[id];
	device_t dev = sc->hn_dev;
	bus_dma_tag_t parent_dtag;
	int error, i;

	txr->hn_sc = sc;
	txr->hn_tx_idx = id;

#ifndef HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING
	mtx_init(&txr->hn_txlist_spin, "hn txlist", NULL, MTX_SPIN);
#endif
	mtx_init(&txr->hn_tx_lock, "hn tx", NULL, MTX_DEF);

	txr->hn_txdesc_cnt = HN_TX_DESC_CNT;
	txr->hn_txdesc = malloc(sizeof(struct hn_txdesc) * txr->hn_txdesc_cnt,
	    M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
#ifndef HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING
	SLIST_INIT(&txr->hn_txlist);
#else
	txr->hn_txdesc_br = buf_ring_alloc(txr->hn_txdesc_cnt, M_DEVBUF,
	    M_WAITOK, &txr->hn_tx_lock);
#endif

	if (hn_tx_taskq_mode == HN_TX_TASKQ_M_EVTTQ) {
		txr->hn_tx_taskq = VMBUS_GET_EVENT_TASKQ(
		    device_get_parent(dev), dev, HN_RING_IDX2CPU(sc, id));
	} else {
		txr->hn_tx_taskq = sc->hn_tx_taskqs[id % hn_tx_taskq_cnt];
	}

#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT
	if (hn_use_if_start) {
		txr->hn_txeof = hn_start_txeof;
		TASK_INIT(&txr->hn_tx_task, 0, hn_start_taskfunc, txr);
		TASK_INIT(&txr->hn_txeof_task, 0, hn_start_txeof_taskfunc, txr);
	} else
#endif
	{
		int br_depth;

		txr->hn_txeof = hn_xmit_txeof;
		TASK_INIT(&txr->hn_tx_task, 0, hn_xmit_taskfunc, txr);
		TASK_INIT(&txr->hn_txeof_task, 0, hn_xmit_txeof_taskfunc, txr);

		br_depth = hn_get_txswq_depth(txr);
		txr->hn_mbuf_br = buf_ring_alloc(br_depth, M_DEVBUF,
		    M_WAITOK, &txr->hn_tx_lock);
	}

	txr->hn_direct_tx_size = hn_direct_tx_size;

	/*
	 * Always schedule transmission instead of trying to do direct
	 * transmission.  This one gives the best performance so far.
	 */
	txr->hn_sched_tx = 1;

	parent_dtag = bus_get_dma_tag(dev);

	/* DMA tag for RNDIS packet messages. */
	error = bus_dma_tag_create(parent_dtag, /* parent */
	    HN_RNDIS_PKT_ALIGN,		/* alignment */
	    HN_RNDIS_PKT_BOUNDARY,	/* boundary */
	    BUS_SPACE_MAXADDR,		/* lowaddr */
	    BUS_SPACE_MAXADDR,		/* highaddr */
	    NULL, NULL,			/* filter, filterarg */
	    HN_RNDIS_PKT_LEN,		/* maxsize */
	    1,				/* nsegments */
	    HN_RNDIS_PKT_LEN,		/* maxsegsize */
	    0,				/* flags */
	    NULL,			/* lockfunc */
	    NULL,			/* lockfuncarg */
	    &txr->hn_tx_rndis_dtag);
	if (error) {
		device_printf(dev, "failed to create rndis dmatag\n");
		return error;
	}

	/* DMA tag for data. */
	error = bus_dma_tag_create(parent_dtag, /* parent */
	    1,				/* alignment */
	    HN_TX_DATA_BOUNDARY,	/* boundary */
	    BUS_SPACE_MAXADDR,		/* lowaddr */
	    BUS_SPACE_MAXADDR,		/* highaddr */
	    NULL, NULL,			/* filter, filterarg */
	    HN_TX_DATA_MAXSIZE,		/* maxsize */
	    HN_TX_DATA_SEGCNT_MAX,	/* nsegments */
	    HN_TX_DATA_SEGSIZE,		/* maxsegsize */
	    0,				/* flags */
	    NULL,			/* lockfunc */
	    NULL,			/* lockfuncarg */
	    &txr->hn_tx_data_dtag);
	if (error) {
		device_printf(dev, "failed to create data dmatag\n");
		return error;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < txr->hn_txdesc_cnt; ++i) {
		struct hn_txdesc *txd = &txr->hn_txdesc[i];

		txd->txr = txr;
		txd->chim_index = HN_NVS_CHIM_IDX_INVALID;
		STAILQ_INIT(&txd->agg_list);

		/*
		 * Allocate and load RNDIS packet message.
		 */
        	error = bus_dmamem_alloc(txr->hn_tx_rndis_dtag,
		    (void **)&txd->rndis_pkt,
		    BUS_DMA_WAITOK | BUS_DMA_COHERENT | BUS_DMA_ZERO,
		    &txd->rndis_pkt_dmap);
		if (error) {
			device_printf(dev,
			    "failed to allocate rndis_packet_msg, %d\n", i);
			return error;
		}

		error = bus_dmamap_load(txr->hn_tx_rndis_dtag,
		    txd->rndis_pkt_dmap,
		    txd->rndis_pkt, HN_RNDIS_PKT_LEN,
		    hyperv_dma_map_paddr, &txd->rndis_pkt_paddr,
		    BUS_DMA_NOWAIT);
		if (error) {
			device_printf(dev,
			    "failed to load rndis_packet_msg, %d\n", i);
			bus_dmamem_free(txr->hn_tx_rndis_dtag,
			    txd->rndis_pkt, txd->rndis_pkt_dmap);
			return error;
		}

		/* DMA map for TX data. */
		error = bus_dmamap_create(txr->hn_tx_data_dtag, 0,
		    &txd->data_dmap);
		if (error) {
			device_printf(dev,
			    "failed to allocate tx data dmamap\n");
			bus_dmamap_unload(txr->hn_tx_rndis_dtag,
			    txd->rndis_pkt_dmap);
			bus_dmamem_free(txr->hn_tx_rndis_dtag,
			    txd->rndis_pkt, txd->rndis_pkt_dmap);
			return error;
		}

		/* All set, put it to list */
		txd->flags |= HN_TXD_FLAG_ONLIST;
#ifndef HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING
		SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&txr->hn_txlist, txd, link);
#else
		buf_ring_enqueue(txr->hn_txdesc_br, txd);
#endif
	}
	txr->hn_txdesc_avail = txr->hn_txdesc_cnt;

	if (sc->hn_tx_sysctl_tree != NULL) {
		struct sysctl_oid_list *child;
		struct sysctl_ctx_list *ctx;
		char name[16];

		/*
		 * Create per TX ring sysctl tree:
		 * dev.hn.UNIT.tx.RINGID
		 */
		ctx = device_get_sysctl_ctx(dev);
		child = SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->hn_tx_sysctl_tree);

		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%d", id);
		txr->hn_tx_sysctl_tree = SYSCTL_ADD_NODE(ctx, child, OID_AUTO,
		    name, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0, "");

		if (txr->hn_tx_sysctl_tree != NULL) {
			child = SYSCTL_CHILDREN(txr->hn_tx_sysctl_tree);

#ifdef HN_DEBUG
			SYSCTL_ADD_INT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "txdesc_avail",
			    CTLFLAG_RD, &txr->hn_txdesc_avail, 0,
			    "# of available TX descs");
#endif
#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT
			if (!hn_use_if_start)
#endif
			{
				SYSCTL_ADD_INT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "oactive",
				    CTLFLAG_RD, &txr->hn_oactive, 0,
				    "over active");
			}
			SYSCTL_ADD_ULONG(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "packets",
			    CTLFLAG_RW, &txr->hn_pkts,
			    "# of packets transmitted");
			SYSCTL_ADD_ULONG(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "sends",
			    CTLFLAG_RW, &txr->hn_sends, "# of sends");
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

static void
hn_txdesc_dmamap_destroy(struct hn_txdesc *txd)
{
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr = txd->txr;

	KASSERT(txd->m == NULL, ("still has mbuf installed"));
	KASSERT((txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_DMAMAP) == 0, ("still dma mapped"));

	bus_dmamap_unload(txr->hn_tx_rndis_dtag, txd->rndis_pkt_dmap);
	bus_dmamem_free(txr->hn_tx_rndis_dtag, txd->rndis_pkt,
	    txd->rndis_pkt_dmap);
	bus_dmamap_destroy(txr->hn_tx_data_dtag, txd->data_dmap);
}

static void
hn_txdesc_gc(struct hn_tx_ring *txr, struct hn_txdesc *txd)
{

	KASSERT(txd->refs == 0 || txd->refs == 1,
	    ("invalid txd refs %d", txd->refs));

	/* Aggregated txds will be freed by their aggregating txd. */
	if (txd->refs > 0 && (txd->flags & HN_TXD_FLAG_ONAGG) == 0) {
		int freed;

		freed = hn_txdesc_put(txr, txd);
		KASSERT(freed, ("can't free txdesc"));
	}
}

static void
hn_tx_ring_destroy(struct hn_tx_ring *txr)
{
	int i;

	if (txr->hn_txdesc == NULL)
		return;

	/*
	 * NOTE:
	 * Because the freeing of aggregated txds will be deferred
	 * to the aggregating txd, two passes are used here:
	 * - The first pass GCes any pending txds.  This GC is necessary,
	 *   since if the channels are revoked, hypervisor will not
	 *   deliver send-done for all pending txds.
	 * - The second pass frees the busdma stuffs, i.e. after all txds
	 *   were freed.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < txr->hn_txdesc_cnt; ++i)
		hn_txdesc_gc(txr, &txr->hn_txdesc[i]);
	for (i = 0; i < txr->hn_txdesc_cnt; ++i)
		hn_txdesc_dmamap_destroy(&txr->hn_txdesc[i]);

	if (txr->hn_tx_data_dtag != NULL)
		bus_dma_tag_destroy(txr->hn_tx_data_dtag);
	if (txr->hn_tx_rndis_dtag != NULL)
		bus_dma_tag_destroy(txr->hn_tx_rndis_dtag);

#ifdef HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING
	buf_ring_free(txr->hn_txdesc_br, M_DEVBUF);
#endif

	free(txr->hn_txdesc, M_DEVBUF);
	txr->hn_txdesc = NULL;

	if (txr->hn_mbuf_br != NULL)
		buf_ring_free(txr->hn_mbuf_br, M_DEVBUF);

#ifndef HN_USE_TXDESC_BUFRING
	mtx_destroy(&txr->hn_txlist_spin);
#endif
	mtx_destroy(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
}

static int
hn_create_tx_data(struct hn_softc *sc, int ring_cnt)
{
	struct sysctl_oid_list *child;
	struct sysctl_ctx_list *ctx;
	int i;

	/*
	 * Create TXBUF for chimney sending.
	 *
	 * NOTE: It is shared by all channels.
	 */
	sc->hn_chim = hyperv_dmamem_alloc(bus_get_dma_tag(sc->hn_dev),
	    PAGE_SIZE, 0, HN_CHIM_SIZE, &sc->hn_chim_dma,
	    BUS_DMA_WAITOK | BUS_DMA_ZERO);
	if (sc->hn_chim == NULL) {
		device_printf(sc->hn_dev, "allocate txbuf failed\n");
		return (ENOMEM);
	}

	sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt = ring_cnt;
	sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse = sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt;

	sc->hn_tx_ring = malloc(sizeof(struct hn_tx_ring) * sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt,
	    M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);

	ctx = device_get_sysctl_ctx(sc->hn_dev);
	child = SYSCTL_CHILDREN(device_get_sysctl_tree(sc->hn_dev));

	/* Create dev.hn.UNIT.tx sysctl tree */
	sc->hn_tx_sysctl_tree = SYSCTL_ADD_NODE(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "tx",
	    CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0, "");

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		int error;

		error = hn_tx_ring_create(sc, i);
		if (error)
			return error;
	}

	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "no_txdescs",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_tx_ring, hn_no_txdescs),
	    hn_tx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "# of times short of TX descs");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "send_failed",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_tx_ring, hn_send_failed),
	    hn_tx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "# of hyper-v sending failure");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "txdma_failed",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_tx_ring, hn_txdma_failed),
	    hn_tx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "# of TX DMA failure");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "agg_flush_failed",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_tx_ring, hn_flush_failed),
	    hn_tx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU",
	    "# of packet transmission aggregation flush failure");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "tx_collapsed",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_tx_ring, hn_tx_collapsed),
	    hn_tx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "# of TX mbuf collapsed");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "tx_chimney",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_tx_ring, hn_tx_chimney),
	    hn_tx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "# of chimney send");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "tx_chimney_tried",
	    CTLTYPE_ULONG | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_tx_ring, hn_tx_chimney_tried),
	    hn_tx_stat_ulong_sysctl, "LU", "# of chimney send tries");
	SYSCTL_ADD_INT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "txdesc_cnt",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &sc->hn_tx_ring[0].hn_txdesc_cnt, 0,
	    "# of total TX descs");
	SYSCTL_ADD_INT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "tx_chimney_max",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &sc->hn_chim_szmax, 0,
	    "Chimney send packet size upper boundary");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "tx_chimney_size",
	    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_chim_size_sysctl, "I", "Chimney send packet size limit");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "direct_tx_size",
	    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_tx_ring, hn_direct_tx_size),
	    hn_tx_conf_int_sysctl, "I",
	    "Size of the packet for direct transmission");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "sched_tx",
	    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc,
	    __offsetof(struct hn_tx_ring, hn_sched_tx),
	    hn_tx_conf_int_sysctl, "I",
	    "Always schedule transmission "
	    "instead of doing direct transmission");
	SYSCTL_ADD_INT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "tx_ring_cnt",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt, 0, "# created TX rings");
	SYSCTL_ADD_INT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "tx_ring_inuse",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse, 0, "# used TX rings");
	SYSCTL_ADD_INT(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "agg_szmax",
	    CTLFLAG_RD, &sc->hn_tx_ring[0].hn_agg_szmax, 0,
	    "Applied packet transmission aggregation size");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "agg_pktmax",
	    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_txagg_pktmax_sysctl, "I",
	    "Applied packet transmission aggregation packets");
	SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(ctx, child, OID_AUTO, "agg_align",
	    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, sc, 0,
	    hn_txagg_align_sysctl, "I",
	    "Applied packet transmission aggregation alignment");

	return 0;
}

static void
hn_set_chim_size(struct hn_softc *sc, int chim_size)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt; ++i)
		sc->hn_tx_ring[i].hn_chim_size = chim_size;
}

static void
hn_set_tso_maxsize(struct hn_softc *sc, int tso_maxlen, int mtu)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
	u_int hw_tsomax;
	int tso_minlen;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	if ((ifp->if_capabilities & (IFCAP_TSO4 | IFCAP_TSO6)) == 0)
		return;

	KASSERT(sc->hn_ndis_tso_sgmin >= 2,
	    ("invalid NDIS tso sgmin %d", sc->hn_ndis_tso_sgmin));
	tso_minlen = sc->hn_ndis_tso_sgmin * mtu;

	KASSERT(sc->hn_ndis_tso_szmax >= tso_minlen &&
	    sc->hn_ndis_tso_szmax <= IP_MAXPACKET,
	    ("invalid NDIS tso szmax %d", sc->hn_ndis_tso_szmax));

	if (tso_maxlen < tso_minlen)
		tso_maxlen = tso_minlen;
	else if (tso_maxlen > IP_MAXPACKET)
		tso_maxlen = IP_MAXPACKET;
	if (tso_maxlen > sc->hn_ndis_tso_szmax)
		tso_maxlen = sc->hn_ndis_tso_szmax;
	hw_tsomax = tso_maxlen - (ETHER_HDR_LEN + ETHER_VLAN_ENCAP_LEN);

	if (hn_xpnt_vf_isready(sc)) {
		if (hw_tsomax > sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_hw_tsomax)
			hw_tsomax = sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_hw_tsomax;
	}
	ifp->if_hw_tsomax = hw_tsomax;
	if (bootverbose)
		if_printf(ifp, "TSO size max %u\n", ifp->if_hw_tsomax);
}

static void
hn_fixup_tx_data(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	uint64_t csum_assist;
	int i;

	hn_set_chim_size(sc, sc->hn_chim_szmax);
	if (hn_tx_chimney_size > 0 &&
	    hn_tx_chimney_size < sc->hn_chim_szmax)
		hn_set_chim_size(sc, hn_tx_chimney_size);

	csum_assist = 0;
	if (sc->hn_caps & HN_CAP_IPCS)
		csum_assist |= CSUM_IP;
	if (sc->hn_caps & HN_CAP_TCP4CS)
		csum_assist |= CSUM_IP_TCP;
	if (sc->hn_caps & HN_CAP_UDP4CS)
		csum_assist |= CSUM_IP_UDP;
	if (sc->hn_caps & HN_CAP_TCP6CS)
		csum_assist |= CSUM_IP6_TCP;
	if (sc->hn_caps & HN_CAP_UDP6CS)
		csum_assist |= CSUM_IP6_UDP;
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt; ++i)
		sc->hn_tx_ring[i].hn_csum_assist = csum_assist;

	if (sc->hn_caps & HN_CAP_HASHVAL) {
		/*
		 * Support HASHVAL pktinfo on TX path.
		 */
		if (bootverbose)
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "support HASHVAL pktinfo\n");
		for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt; ++i)
			sc->hn_tx_ring[i].hn_tx_flags |= HN_TX_FLAG_HASHVAL;
	}
}

static void
hn_destroy_tx_data(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	int i;

	if (sc->hn_chim != NULL) {
		if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_CHIM_REF) == 0) {
			hyperv_dmamem_free(&sc->hn_chim_dma, sc->hn_chim);
		} else {
			device_printf(sc->hn_dev,
			    "chimney sending buffer is referenced");
		}
		sc->hn_chim = NULL;
	}

	if (sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt == 0)
		return;

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt; ++i)
		hn_tx_ring_destroy(&sc->hn_tx_ring[i]);

	free(sc->hn_tx_ring, M_DEVBUF);
	sc->hn_tx_ring = NULL;

	sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt = 0;
	sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse = 0;
}

#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT

static void
hn_start_taskfunc(void *xtxr, int pending __unused)
{
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr = xtxr;

	mtx_lock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
	hn_start_locked(txr, 0);
	mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
}

static int
hn_start_locked(struct hn_tx_ring *txr, int len)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = txr->hn_sc;
	struct ifnet *ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
	int sched = 0;

	KASSERT(hn_use_if_start,
	    ("hn_start_locked is called, when if_start is disabled"));
	KASSERT(txr == &sc->hn_tx_ring[0], ("not the first TX ring"));
	mtx_assert(&txr->hn_tx_lock, MA_OWNED);
	KASSERT(txr->hn_agg_txd == NULL, ("lingering aggregating txdesc"));

	if (__predict_false(txr->hn_suspended))
		return (0);

	if ((ifp->if_drv_flags & (IFF_DRV_RUNNING | IFF_DRV_OACTIVE)) !=
	    IFF_DRV_RUNNING)
		return (0);

	while (!IFQ_DRV_IS_EMPTY(&ifp->if_snd)) {
		struct hn_txdesc *txd;
		struct mbuf *m_head;
		int error;

		IFQ_DRV_DEQUEUE(&ifp->if_snd, m_head);
		if (m_head == NULL)
			break;

		if (len > 0 && m_head->m_pkthdr.len > len) {
			/*
			 * This sending could be time consuming; let callers
			 * dispatch this packet sending (and sending of any
			 * following up packets) to tx taskqueue.
			 */
			IFQ_DRV_PREPEND(&ifp->if_snd, m_head);
			sched = 1;
			break;
		}

#if defined(INET6) || defined(INET)
		if (m_head->m_pkthdr.csum_flags & CSUM_TSO) {
			m_head = hn_tso_fixup(m_head);
			if (__predict_false(m_head == NULL)) {
				if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OERRORS, 1);
				continue;
			}
		} else if (m_head->m_pkthdr.csum_flags &
		    (CSUM_IP_UDP | CSUM_IP_TCP | CSUM_IP6_UDP | CSUM_IP6_TCP)) {
			m_head = hn_set_hlen(m_head);
			if (__predict_false(m_head == NULL)) {
				if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OERRORS, 1);
				continue;
			}
		}
#endif

		txd = hn_txdesc_get(txr);
		if (txd == NULL) {
			txr->hn_no_txdescs++;
			IFQ_DRV_PREPEND(&ifp->if_snd, m_head);
			atomic_set_int(&ifp->if_drv_flags, IFF_DRV_OACTIVE);
			break;
		}

		error = hn_encap(ifp, txr, txd, &m_head);
		if (error) {
			/* Both txd and m_head are freed */
			KASSERT(txr->hn_agg_txd == NULL,
			    ("encap failed w/ pending aggregating txdesc"));
			continue;
		}

		if (txr->hn_agg_pktleft == 0) {
			if (txr->hn_agg_txd != NULL) {
				KASSERT(m_head == NULL,
				    ("pending mbuf for aggregating txdesc"));
				error = hn_flush_txagg(ifp, txr);
				if (__predict_false(error)) {
					atomic_set_int(&ifp->if_drv_flags,
					    IFF_DRV_OACTIVE);
					break;
				}
			} else {
				KASSERT(m_head != NULL, ("mbuf was freed"));
				error = hn_txpkt(ifp, txr, txd);
				if (__predict_false(error)) {
					/* txd is freed, but m_head is not */
					IFQ_DRV_PREPEND(&ifp->if_snd, m_head);
					atomic_set_int(&ifp->if_drv_flags,
					    IFF_DRV_OACTIVE);
					break;
				}
			}
		}
#ifdef INVARIANTS
		else {
			KASSERT(txr->hn_agg_txd != NULL,
			    ("no aggregating txdesc"));
			KASSERT(m_head == NULL,
			    ("pending mbuf for aggregating txdesc"));
		}
#endif
	}

	/* Flush pending aggerated transmission. */
	if (txr->hn_agg_txd != NULL)
		hn_flush_txagg(ifp, txr);
	return (sched);
}

static void
hn_start(struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = ifp->if_softc;
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[0];

	if (txr->hn_sched_tx)
		goto do_sched;

	if (mtx_trylock(&txr->hn_tx_lock)) {
		int sched;

		sched = hn_start_locked(txr, txr->hn_direct_tx_size);
		mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
		if (!sched)
			return;
	}
do_sched:
	taskqueue_enqueue(txr->hn_tx_taskq, &txr->hn_tx_task);
}

static void
hn_start_txeof_taskfunc(void *xtxr, int pending __unused)
{
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr = xtxr;

	mtx_lock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
	atomic_clear_int(&txr->hn_sc->hn_ifp->if_drv_flags, IFF_DRV_OACTIVE);
	hn_start_locked(txr, 0);
	mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
}

static void
hn_start_txeof(struct hn_tx_ring *txr)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = txr->hn_sc;
	struct ifnet *ifp = sc->hn_ifp;

	KASSERT(txr == &sc->hn_tx_ring[0], ("not the first TX ring"));

	if (txr->hn_sched_tx)
		goto do_sched;

	if (mtx_trylock(&txr->hn_tx_lock)) {
		int sched;

		atomic_clear_int(&ifp->if_drv_flags, IFF_DRV_OACTIVE);
		sched = hn_start_locked(txr, txr->hn_direct_tx_size);
		mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
		if (sched) {
			taskqueue_enqueue(txr->hn_tx_taskq,
			    &txr->hn_tx_task);
		}
	} else {
do_sched:
		/*
		 * Release the OACTIVE earlier, with the hope, that
		 * others could catch up.  The task will clear the
		 * flag again with the hn_tx_lock to avoid possible
		 * races.
		 */
		atomic_clear_int(&ifp->if_drv_flags, IFF_DRV_OACTIVE);
		taskqueue_enqueue(txr->hn_tx_taskq, &txr->hn_txeof_task);
	}
}

#endif	/* HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT */

static int
hn_xmit(struct hn_tx_ring *txr, int len)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = txr->hn_sc;
	struct ifnet *ifp = sc->hn_ifp;
	struct mbuf *m_head;
	int sched = 0;

	mtx_assert(&txr->hn_tx_lock, MA_OWNED);
#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT
	KASSERT(hn_use_if_start == 0,
	    ("hn_xmit is called, when if_start is enabled"));
#endif
	KASSERT(txr->hn_agg_txd == NULL, ("lingering aggregating txdesc"));

	if (__predict_false(txr->hn_suspended))
		return (0);

	if ((ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING) == 0 || txr->hn_oactive)
		return (0);

	while ((m_head = drbr_peek(ifp, txr->hn_mbuf_br)) != NULL) {
		struct hn_txdesc *txd;
		int error;

		if (len > 0 && m_head->m_pkthdr.len > len) {
			/*
			 * This sending could be time consuming; let callers
			 * dispatch this packet sending (and sending of any
			 * following up packets) to tx taskqueue.
			 */
			drbr_putback(ifp, txr->hn_mbuf_br, m_head);
			sched = 1;
			break;
		}

		txd = hn_txdesc_get(txr);
		if (txd == NULL) {
			txr->hn_no_txdescs++;
			drbr_putback(ifp, txr->hn_mbuf_br, m_head);
			txr->hn_oactive = 1;
			break;
		}

		error = hn_encap(ifp, txr, txd, &m_head);
		if (error) {
			/* Both txd and m_head are freed; discard */
			KASSERT(txr->hn_agg_txd == NULL,
			    ("encap failed w/ pending aggregating txdesc"));
			drbr_advance(ifp, txr->hn_mbuf_br);
			continue;
		}

		if (txr->hn_agg_pktleft == 0) {
			if (txr->hn_agg_txd != NULL) {
				KASSERT(m_head == NULL,
				    ("pending mbuf for aggregating txdesc"));
				error = hn_flush_txagg(ifp, txr);
				if (__predict_false(error)) {
					txr->hn_oactive = 1;
					break;
				}
			} else {
				KASSERT(m_head != NULL, ("mbuf was freed"));
				error = hn_txpkt(ifp, txr, txd);
				if (__predict_false(error)) {
					/* txd is freed, but m_head is not */
					drbr_putback(ifp, txr->hn_mbuf_br,
					    m_head);
					txr->hn_oactive = 1;
					break;
				}
			}
		}
#ifdef INVARIANTS
		else {
			KASSERT(txr->hn_agg_txd != NULL,
			    ("no aggregating txdesc"));
			KASSERT(m_head == NULL,
			    ("pending mbuf for aggregating txdesc"));
		}
#endif

		/* Sent */
		drbr_advance(ifp, txr->hn_mbuf_br);
	}

	/* Flush pending aggerated transmission. */
	if (txr->hn_agg_txd != NULL)
		hn_flush_txagg(ifp, txr);
	return (sched);
}

static int
hn_transmit(struct ifnet *ifp, struct mbuf *m)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = ifp->if_softc;
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr;
	int error, idx = 0;

	if (sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED) {
		struct rm_priotracker pt;

		rm_rlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock, &pt);
		if (__predict_true(sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED)) {
			struct mbuf *m_bpf = NULL;
			int obytes, omcast;

			obytes = m->m_pkthdr.len;
			if (m->m_flags & M_MCAST)
				omcast = 1;

			if (sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ACCBPF) {
				if (bpf_peers_present(ifp->if_bpf)) {
					m_bpf = m_copypacket(m, M_NOWAIT);
					if (m_bpf == NULL) {
						/*
						 * Failed to grab a shallow
						 * copy; tap now.
						 */
						ETHER_BPF_MTAP(ifp, m);
					}
				}
			} else {
				ETHER_BPF_MTAP(ifp, m);
			}

			error = sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_transmit(sc->hn_vf_ifp, m);
			rm_runlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock, &pt);

			if (m_bpf != NULL) {
				if (!error)
					ETHER_BPF_MTAP(ifp, m_bpf);
				m_freem(m_bpf);
			}

			if (error == ENOBUFS) {
				if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OQDROPS, 1);
			} else if (error) {
				if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OERRORS, 1);
			} else {
				if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OPACKETS, 1);
				if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OBYTES, obytes);
				if (omcast) {
					if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OMCASTS,
					    omcast);
				}
			}
			return (error);
		}
		rm_runlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock, &pt);
	}

#if defined(INET6) || defined(INET)
	/*
	 * Perform TSO packet header fixup or get l2/l3 header length now,
	 * since packet headers should be cache-hot.
	 */
	if (m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags & CSUM_TSO) {
		m = hn_tso_fixup(m);
		if (__predict_false(m == NULL)) {
			if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OERRORS, 1);
			return EIO;
		}
	} else if (m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags &
	    (CSUM_IP_UDP | CSUM_IP_TCP | CSUM_IP6_UDP | CSUM_IP6_TCP)) {
		m = hn_set_hlen(m);
		if (__predict_false(m == NULL)) {
			if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OERRORS, 1);
			return EIO;
		}
	}
#endif

	/*
	 * Select the TX ring based on flowid
	 */
	if (M_HASHTYPE_GET(m) != M_HASHTYPE_NONE) {
#ifdef RSS
		uint32_t bid;

		if (rss_hash2bucket(m->m_pkthdr.flowid, M_HASHTYPE_GET(m),
		    &bid) == 0)
			idx = bid % sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse;
		else
#endif
		{
#if defined(INET6) || defined(INET)
			int tcpsyn = 0;

			if (m->m_pkthdr.len < 128 &&
			    (m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags &
			     (CSUM_IP_TCP | CSUM_IP6_TCP)) &&
			    (m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags & CSUM_TSO) == 0) {
				m = hn_check_tcpsyn(m, &tcpsyn);
				if (__predict_false(m == NULL)) {
					if_inc_counter(ifp,
					    IFCOUNTER_OERRORS, 1);
					return (EIO);
				}
			}
#else
			const int tcpsyn = 0;
#endif
			if (tcpsyn)
				idx = 0;
			else
				idx = m->m_pkthdr.flowid % sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse;
		}
	}
	txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[idx];

	error = drbr_enqueue(ifp, txr->hn_mbuf_br, m);
	if (error) {
		if_inc_counter(ifp, IFCOUNTER_OQDROPS, 1);
		return error;
	}

	if (txr->hn_oactive)
		return 0;

	if (txr->hn_sched_tx)
		goto do_sched;

	if (mtx_trylock(&txr->hn_tx_lock)) {
		int sched;

		sched = hn_xmit(txr, txr->hn_direct_tx_size);
		mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
		if (!sched)
			return 0;
	}
do_sched:
	taskqueue_enqueue(txr->hn_tx_taskq, &txr->hn_tx_task);
	return 0;
}

static void
hn_tx_ring_qflush(struct hn_tx_ring *txr)
{
	struct mbuf *m;

	mtx_lock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
	while ((m = buf_ring_dequeue_sc(txr->hn_mbuf_br)) != NULL)
		m_freem(m);
	mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
}

static void
hn_xmit_qflush(struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct hn_softc *sc = ifp->if_softc;
	struct rm_priotracker pt;
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse; ++i)
		hn_tx_ring_qflush(&sc->hn_tx_ring[i]);
	if_qflush(ifp);

	rm_rlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock, &pt);
	if (sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED)
		sc->hn_vf_ifp->if_qflush(sc->hn_vf_ifp);
	rm_runlock(&sc->hn_vf_lock, &pt);
}

static void
hn_xmit_txeof(struct hn_tx_ring *txr)
{

	if (txr->hn_sched_tx)
		goto do_sched;

	if (mtx_trylock(&txr->hn_tx_lock)) {
		int sched;

		txr->hn_oactive = 0;
		sched = hn_xmit(txr, txr->hn_direct_tx_size);
		mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
		if (sched) {
			taskqueue_enqueue(txr->hn_tx_taskq,
			    &txr->hn_tx_task);
		}
	} else {
do_sched:
		/*
		 * Release the oactive earlier, with the hope, that
		 * others could catch up.  The task will clear the
		 * oactive again with the hn_tx_lock to avoid possible
		 * races.
		 */
		txr->hn_oactive = 0;
		taskqueue_enqueue(txr->hn_tx_taskq, &txr->hn_txeof_task);
	}
}

static void
hn_xmit_taskfunc(void *xtxr, int pending __unused)
{
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr = xtxr;

	mtx_lock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
	hn_xmit(txr, 0);
	mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
}

static void
hn_xmit_txeof_taskfunc(void *xtxr, int pending __unused)
{
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr = xtxr;

	mtx_lock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
	txr->hn_oactive = 0;
	hn_xmit(txr, 0);
	mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
}

static int
hn_chan_attach(struct hn_softc *sc, struct vmbus_channel *chan)
{
	struct vmbus_chan_br cbr;
	struct hn_rx_ring *rxr;
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr = NULL;
	int idx, error;

	idx = vmbus_chan_subidx(chan);

	/*
	 * Link this channel to RX/TX ring.
	 */
	KASSERT(idx >= 0 && idx < sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse,
	    ("invalid channel index %d, should > 0 && < %d",
	     idx, sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse));
	rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[idx];
	KASSERT((rxr->hn_rx_flags & HN_RX_FLAG_ATTACHED) == 0,
	    ("RX ring %d already attached", idx));
	rxr->hn_rx_flags |= HN_RX_FLAG_ATTACHED;
	rxr->hn_chan = chan;

	if (bootverbose) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "link RX ring %d to chan%u\n",
		    idx, vmbus_chan_id(chan));
	}

	if (idx < sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse) {
		txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[idx];
		KASSERT((txr->hn_tx_flags & HN_TX_FLAG_ATTACHED) == 0,
		    ("TX ring %d already attached", idx));
		txr->hn_tx_flags |= HN_TX_FLAG_ATTACHED;

		txr->hn_chan = chan;
		if (bootverbose) {
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "link TX ring %d to chan%u\n",
			    idx, vmbus_chan_id(chan));
		}
	}

	/* Bind this channel to a proper CPU. */
	vmbus_chan_cpu_set(chan, HN_RING_IDX2CPU(sc, idx));

	/*
	 * Open this channel
	 */
	cbr.cbr = rxr->hn_br;
	cbr.cbr_paddr = rxr->hn_br_dma.hv_paddr;
	cbr.cbr_txsz = HN_TXBR_SIZE;
	cbr.cbr_rxsz = HN_RXBR_SIZE;
	error = vmbus_chan_open_br(chan, &cbr, NULL, 0, hn_chan_callback, rxr);
	if (error) {
		if (error == EISCONN) {
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "bufring is connected after "
			    "chan%u open failure\n", vmbus_chan_id(chan));
			rxr->hn_rx_flags |= HN_RX_FLAG_BR_REF;
		} else {
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "open chan%u failed: %d\n",
			    vmbus_chan_id(chan), error);
		}
	}
	return (error);
}

static void
hn_chan_detach(struct hn_softc *sc, struct vmbus_channel *chan)
{
	struct hn_rx_ring *rxr;
	int idx, error;

	idx = vmbus_chan_subidx(chan);

	/*
	 * Link this channel to RX/TX ring.
	 */
	KASSERT(idx >= 0 && idx < sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse,
	    ("invalid channel index %d, should > 0 && < %d",
	     idx, sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse));
	rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[idx];
	KASSERT((rxr->hn_rx_flags & HN_RX_FLAG_ATTACHED),
	    ("RX ring %d is not attached", idx));
	rxr->hn_rx_flags &= ~HN_RX_FLAG_ATTACHED;

	if (idx < sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse) {
		struct hn_tx_ring *txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[idx];

		KASSERT((txr->hn_tx_flags & HN_TX_FLAG_ATTACHED),
		    ("TX ring %d is not attached attached", idx));
		txr->hn_tx_flags &= ~HN_TX_FLAG_ATTACHED;
	}

	/*
	 * Close this channel.
	 *
	 * NOTE:
	 * Channel closing does _not_ destroy the target channel.
	 */
	error = vmbus_chan_close_direct(chan);
	if (error == EISCONN) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "chan%u bufring is connected "
		    "after being closed\n", vmbus_chan_id(chan));
		rxr->hn_rx_flags |= HN_RX_FLAG_BR_REF;
	} else if (error) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "chan%u close failed: %d\n",
		    vmbus_chan_id(chan), error);
	}
}

static int
hn_attach_subchans(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	struct vmbus_channel **subchans;
	int subchan_cnt = sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse - 1;
	int i, error = 0;

	KASSERT(subchan_cnt > 0, ("no sub-channels"));

	/* Attach the sub-channels. */
	subchans = vmbus_subchan_get(sc->hn_prichan, subchan_cnt);
	for (i = 0; i < subchan_cnt; ++i) {
		int error1;

		error1 = hn_chan_attach(sc, subchans[i]);
		if (error1) {
			error = error1;
			/* Move on; all channels will be detached later. */
		}
	}
	vmbus_subchan_rel(subchans, subchan_cnt);

	if (error) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "sub-channels attach failed: %d\n", error);
	} else {
		if (bootverbose) {
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "%d sub-channels attached\n",
			    subchan_cnt);
		}
	}
	return (error);
}

static void
hn_detach_allchans(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	struct vmbus_channel **subchans;
	int subchan_cnt = sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse - 1;
	int i;

	if (subchan_cnt == 0)
		goto back;

	/* Detach the sub-channels. */
	subchans = vmbus_subchan_get(sc->hn_prichan, subchan_cnt);
	for (i = 0; i < subchan_cnt; ++i)
		hn_chan_detach(sc, subchans[i]);
	vmbus_subchan_rel(subchans, subchan_cnt);

back:
	/*
	 * Detach the primary channel, _after_ all sub-channels
	 * are detached.
	 */
	hn_chan_detach(sc, sc->hn_prichan);

	/* Wait for sub-channels to be destroyed, if any. */
	vmbus_subchan_drain(sc->hn_prichan);

#ifdef INVARIANTS
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		KASSERT((sc->hn_rx_ring[i].hn_rx_flags &
		    HN_RX_FLAG_ATTACHED) == 0,
		    ("%dth RX ring is still attached", i));
	}
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		KASSERT((sc->hn_tx_ring[i].hn_tx_flags &
		    HN_TX_FLAG_ATTACHED) == 0,
		    ("%dth TX ring is still attached", i));
	}
#endif
}

static int
hn_synth_alloc_subchans(struct hn_softc *sc, int *nsubch)
{
	struct vmbus_channel **subchans;
	int nchan, rxr_cnt, error;

	nchan = *nsubch + 1;
	if (nchan == 1) {
		/*
		 * Multiple RX/TX rings are not requested.
		 */
		*nsubch = 0;
		return (0);
	}

	/*
	 * Query RSS capabilities, e.g. # of RX rings, and # of indirect
	 * table entries.
	 */
	error = hn_rndis_query_rsscaps(sc, &rxr_cnt);
	if (error) {
		/* No RSS; this is benign. */
		*nsubch = 0;
		return (0);
	}
	if (bootverbose) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "RX rings offered %u, requested %d\n",
		    rxr_cnt, nchan);
	}

	if (nchan > rxr_cnt)
		nchan = rxr_cnt;
	if (nchan == 1) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "only 1 channel is supported, no vRSS\n");
		*nsubch = 0;
		return (0);
	}

	/*
	 * Allocate sub-channels from NVS.
	 */
	*nsubch = nchan - 1;
	error = hn_nvs_alloc_subchans(sc, nsubch);
	if (error || *nsubch == 0) {
		/* Failed to allocate sub-channels. */
		*nsubch = 0;
		return (0);
	}

	/*
	 * Wait for all sub-channels to become ready before moving on.
	 */
	subchans = vmbus_subchan_get(sc->hn_prichan, *nsubch);
	vmbus_subchan_rel(subchans, *nsubch);
	return (0);
}

static bool
hn_synth_attachable(const struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	int i;

	if (sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_ERRORS)
		return (false);

	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		const struct hn_rx_ring *rxr = &sc->hn_rx_ring[i];

		if (rxr->hn_rx_flags & HN_RX_FLAG_BR_REF)
			return (false);
	}
	return (true);
}

/*
 * Make sure that the RX filter is zero after the successful
 * RNDIS initialization.
 *
 * NOTE:
 * Under certain conditions on certain versions of Hyper-V,
 * the RNDIS rxfilter is _not_ zero on the hypervisor side
 * after the successful RNDIS initialization, which breaks
 * the assumption of any following code (well, it breaks the
 * RNDIS API contract actually).  Clear the RNDIS rxfilter
 * explicitly, drain packets sneaking through, and drain the
 * interrupt taskqueues scheduled due to the stealth packets.
 */
static void
hn_rndis_init_fixat(struct hn_softc *sc, int nchan)
{

	hn_disable_rx(sc);
	hn_drain_rxtx(sc, nchan);
}

static int
hn_synth_attach(struct hn_softc *sc, int mtu)
{
#define ATTACHED_NVS		0x0002
#define ATTACHED_RNDIS		0x0004

	struct ndis_rssprm_toeplitz *rss = &sc->hn_rss;
	int error, nsubch, nchan = 1, i, rndis_inited;
	uint32_t old_caps, attached = 0;

	KASSERT((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED) == 0,
	    ("synthetic parts were attached"));

	if (!hn_synth_attachable(sc))
		return (ENXIO);

	/* Save capabilities for later verification. */
	old_caps = sc->hn_caps;
	sc->hn_caps = 0;

	/* Clear RSS stuffs. */
	sc->hn_rss_ind_size = 0;
	sc->hn_rss_hash = 0;
	sc->hn_rss_hcap = 0;

	/*
	 * Attach the primary channel _before_ attaching NVS and RNDIS.
	 */
	error = hn_chan_attach(sc, sc->hn_prichan);
	if (error)
		goto failed;

	/*
	 * Attach NVS.
	 */
	error = hn_nvs_attach(sc, mtu);
	if (error)
		goto failed;
	attached |= ATTACHED_NVS;

	/*
	 * Attach RNDIS _after_ NVS is attached.
	 */
	error = hn_rndis_attach(sc, mtu, &rndis_inited);
	if (rndis_inited)
		attached |= ATTACHED_RNDIS;
	if (error)
		goto failed;

	/*
	 * Make sure capabilities are not changed.
	 */
	if (device_is_attached(sc->hn_dev) && old_caps != sc->hn_caps) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "caps mismatch old 0x%08x, new 0x%08x\n",
		    old_caps, sc->hn_caps);
		error = ENXIO;
		goto failed;
	}

	/*
	 * Allocate sub-channels for multi-TX/RX rings.
	 *
	 * NOTE:
	 * The # of RX rings that can be used is equivalent to the # of
	 * channels to be requested.
	 */
	nsubch = sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt - 1;
	error = hn_synth_alloc_subchans(sc, &nsubch);
	if (error)
		goto failed;
	/* NOTE: _Full_ synthetic parts detach is required now. */
	sc->hn_flags |= HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED;

	/*
	 * Set the # of TX/RX rings that could be used according to
	 * the # of channels that NVS offered.
	 */
	nchan = nsubch + 1;
	hn_set_ring_inuse(sc, nchan);
	if (nchan == 1) {
		/* Only the primary channel can be used; done */
		goto back;
	}

	/*
	 * Attach the sub-channels.
	 *
	 * NOTE: hn_set_ring_inuse() _must_ have been called.
	 */
	error = hn_attach_subchans(sc);
	if (error)
		goto failed;

	/*
	 * Configure RSS key and indirect table _after_ all sub-channels
	 * are attached.
	 */
	if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_HAS_RSSKEY) == 0) {
		/*
		 * RSS key is not set yet; set it to the default RSS key.
		 */
		if (bootverbose)
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "setup default RSS key\n");
#ifdef RSS
		rss_getkey(rss->rss_key);
#else
		memcpy(rss->rss_key, hn_rss_key_default, sizeof(rss->rss_key));
#endif
		sc->hn_flags |= HN_FLAG_HAS_RSSKEY;
	}

	if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_HAS_RSSIND) == 0) {
		/*
		 * RSS indirect table is not set yet; set it up in round-
		 * robin fashion.
		 */
		if (bootverbose) {
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "setup default RSS indirect "
			    "table\n");
		}
		for (i = 0; i < NDIS_HASH_INDCNT; ++i) {
			uint32_t subidx;

#ifdef RSS
			subidx = rss_get_indirection_to_bucket(i);
#else
			subidx = i;
#endif
			rss->rss_ind[i] = subidx % nchan;
		}
		sc->hn_flags |= HN_FLAG_HAS_RSSIND;
	} else {
		/*
		 * # of usable channels may be changed, so we have to
		 * make sure that all entries in RSS indirect table
		 * are valid.
		 *
		 * NOTE: hn_set_ring_inuse() _must_ have been called.
		 */
		hn_rss_ind_fixup(sc);
	}

	sc->hn_rss_hash = sc->hn_rss_hcap;
	if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_RXVF) ||
	    (sc->hn_xvf_flags & HN_XVFFLAG_ENABLED)) {
		/* NOTE: Don't reconfigure RSS; will do immediately. */
		hn_vf_rss_fixup(sc, false);
	}
	error = hn_rndis_conf_rss(sc, NDIS_RSS_FLAG_NONE);
	if (error)
		goto failed;
back:
	/*
	 * Fixup transmission aggregation setup.
	 */
	hn_set_txagg(sc);
	hn_rndis_init_fixat(sc, nchan);
	return (0);

failed:
	if (sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED) {
		hn_rndis_init_fixat(sc, nchan);
		hn_synth_detach(sc);
	} else {
		if (attached & ATTACHED_RNDIS) {
			hn_rndis_init_fixat(sc, nchan);
			hn_rndis_detach(sc);
		}
		if (attached & ATTACHED_NVS)
			hn_nvs_detach(sc);
		hn_chan_detach(sc, sc->hn_prichan);
		/* Restore old capabilities. */
		sc->hn_caps = old_caps;
	}
	return (error);

#undef ATTACHED_RNDIS
#undef ATTACHED_NVS
}

/*
 * NOTE:
 * The interface must have been suspended though hn_suspend(), before
 * this function get called.
 */
static void
hn_synth_detach(struct hn_softc *sc)
{

	KASSERT(sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED,
	    ("synthetic parts were not attached"));

	/* Detach the RNDIS first. */
	hn_rndis_detach(sc);

	/* Detach NVS. */
	hn_nvs_detach(sc);

	/* Detach all of the channels. */
	hn_detach_allchans(sc);

	sc->hn_flags &= ~HN_FLAG_SYNTH_ATTACHED;
}

static void
hn_set_ring_inuse(struct hn_softc *sc, int ring_cnt)
{
	KASSERT(ring_cnt > 0 && ring_cnt <= sc->hn_rx_ring_cnt,
	    ("invalid ring count %d", ring_cnt));

	if (sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt > ring_cnt)
		sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse = ring_cnt;
	else
		sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse = sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt;
	sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse = ring_cnt;

#ifdef RSS
	if (sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse != rss_getnumbuckets()) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "# of RX rings (%d) does not match "
		    "# of RSS buckets (%d)\n", sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse,
		    rss_getnumbuckets());
	}
#endif

	if (bootverbose) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "%d TX ring, %d RX ring\n",
		    sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse, sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse);
	}
}

static void
hn_chan_drain(struct hn_softc *sc, struct vmbus_channel *chan)
{

	/*
	 * NOTE:
	 * The TX bufring will not be drained by the hypervisor,
	 * if the primary channel is revoked.
	 */
	while (!vmbus_chan_rx_empty(chan) ||
	    (!vmbus_chan_is_revoked(sc->hn_prichan) &&
	     !vmbus_chan_tx_empty(chan)))
		pause("waitch", 1);
	vmbus_chan_intr_drain(chan);
}

static void
hn_disable_rx(struct hn_softc *sc)
{

	/*
	 * Disable RX by clearing RX filter forcefully.
	 */
	sc->hn_rx_filter = NDIS_PACKET_TYPE_NONE;
	hn_rndis_set_rxfilter(sc, sc->hn_rx_filter); /* ignore error */

	/*
	 * Give RNDIS enough time to flush all pending data packets.
	 */
	pause("waitrx", (200 * hz) / 1000);
}

/*
 * NOTE:
 * RX/TX _must_ have been suspended/disabled, before this function
 * is called.
 */
static void
hn_drain_rxtx(struct hn_softc *sc, int nchan)
{
	struct vmbus_channel **subch = NULL;
	int nsubch;

	/*
	 * Drain RX/TX bufrings and interrupts.
	 */
	nsubch = nchan - 1;
	if (nsubch > 0)
		subch = vmbus_subchan_get(sc->hn_prichan, nsubch);

	if (subch != NULL) {
		int i;

		for (i = 0; i < nsubch; ++i)
			hn_chan_drain(sc, subch[i]);
	}
	hn_chan_drain(sc, sc->hn_prichan);

	if (subch != NULL)
		vmbus_subchan_rel(subch, nsubch);
}

static void
hn_suspend_data(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	struct hn_tx_ring *txr;
	int i;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	/*
	 * Suspend TX.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse; ++i) {
		txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[i];

		mtx_lock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
		txr->hn_suspended = 1;
		mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
		/* No one is able send more packets now. */

		/*
		 * Wait for all pending sends to finish.
		 *
		 * NOTE:
		 * We will _not_ receive all pending send-done, if the
		 * primary channel is revoked.
		 */
		while (hn_tx_ring_pending(txr) &&
		    !vmbus_chan_is_revoked(sc->hn_prichan))
			pause("hnwtx", 1 /* 1 tick */);
	}

	/*
	 * Disable RX.
	 */
	hn_disable_rx(sc);

	/*
	 * Drain RX/TX.
	 */
	hn_drain_rxtx(sc, sc->hn_rx_ring_inuse);

	/*
	 * Drain any pending TX tasks.
	 *
	 * NOTE:
	 * The above hn_drain_rxtx() can dispatch TX tasks, so the TX
	 * tasks will have to be drained _after_ the above hn_drain_rxtx().
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse; ++i) {
		txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[i];

		taskqueue_drain(txr->hn_tx_taskq, &txr->hn_tx_task);
		taskqueue_drain(txr->hn_tx_taskq, &txr->hn_txeof_task);
	}
}

static void
hn_suspend_mgmt_taskfunc(void *xsc, int pending __unused)
{

	((struct hn_softc *)xsc)->hn_mgmt_taskq = NULL;
}

static void
hn_suspend_mgmt(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	struct task task;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	/*
	 * Make sure that hn_mgmt_taskq0 can nolonger be accessed
	 * through hn_mgmt_taskq.
	 */
	TASK_INIT(&task, 0, hn_suspend_mgmt_taskfunc, sc);
	vmbus_chan_run_task(sc->hn_prichan, &task);

	/*
	 * Make sure that all pending management tasks are completed.
	 */
	taskqueue_drain(sc->hn_mgmt_taskq0, &sc->hn_netchg_init);
	taskqueue_drain_timeout(sc->hn_mgmt_taskq0, &sc->hn_netchg_status);
	taskqueue_drain_all(sc->hn_mgmt_taskq0);
}

static void
hn_suspend(struct hn_softc *sc)
{

	/* Disable polling. */
	hn_polling(sc, 0);

	/*
	 * If the non-transparent mode VF is activated, the synthetic
	 * device is receiving packets, so the data path of the
	 * synthetic device must be suspended.
	 */
	if ((sc->hn_ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING) ||
	    (sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_RXVF))
		hn_suspend_data(sc);
	hn_suspend_mgmt(sc);
}

static void
hn_resume_tx(struct hn_softc *sc, int tx_ring_cnt)
{
	int i;

	KASSERT(tx_ring_cnt <= sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt,
	    ("invalid TX ring count %d", tx_ring_cnt));

	for (i = 0; i < tx_ring_cnt; ++i) {
		struct hn_tx_ring *txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[i];

		mtx_lock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
		txr->hn_suspended = 0;
		mtx_unlock(&txr->hn_tx_lock);
	}
}

static void
hn_resume_data(struct hn_softc *sc)
{
	int i;

	HN_LOCK_ASSERT(sc);

	/*
	 * Re-enable RX.
	 */
	hn_rxfilter_config(sc);

	/*
	 * Make sure to clear suspend status on "all" TX rings,
	 * since hn_tx_ring_inuse can be changed after
	 * hn_suspend_data().
	 */
	hn_resume_tx(sc, sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt);

#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT
	if (!hn_use_if_start)
#endif
	{
		/*
		 * Flush unused drbrs, since hn_tx_ring_inuse may be
		 * reduced.
		 */
		for (i = sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_cnt; ++i)
			hn_tx_ring_qflush(&sc->hn_tx_ring[i]);
	}

	/*
	 * Kick start TX.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < sc->hn_tx_ring_inuse; ++i) {
		struct hn_tx_ring *txr = &sc->hn_tx_ring[i];

		/*
		 * Use txeof task, so that any pending oactive can be
		 * cleared properly.
		 */
		taskqueue_enqueue(txr->hn_tx_taskq, &txr->hn_txeof_task);
	}
}

static void
hn_resume_mgmt(struct hn_softc *sc)
{

	sc->hn_mgmt_taskq = sc->hn_mgmt_taskq0;

	/*
	 * Kick off network change detection, if it was pending.
	 * If no network change was pending, start link status
	 * checks, which is more lightweight than network change
	 * detection.
	 */
	if (sc->hn_link_flags & HN_LINK_FLAG_NETCHG)
		hn_change_network(sc);
	else
		hn_update_link_status(sc);
}

static void
hn_resume(struct hn_softc *sc)
{

	/*
	 * If the non-transparent mode VF is activated, the synthetic
	 * device have to receive packets, so the data path of the
	 * synthetic device must be resumed.
	 */
	if ((sc->hn_ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING) ||
	    (sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_RXVF))
		hn_resume_data(sc);

	/*
	 * Don't resume link status change if VF is attached/activated.
	 * - In the non-transparent VF mode, the synthetic device marks
	 *   link down until the VF is deactivated; i.e. VF is down.
	 * - In transparent VF mode, VF's media status is used until
	 *   the VF is detached.
	 */
	if ((sc->hn_flags & HN_FLAG_RXVF) == 0 &&
	    !(hn_xpnt_vf && sc->hn_vf_ifp != NULL))
		hn_resume_mgmt(sc);

	/*
	 * Re-enable polling if this interface is running and
	 * the polling is requested.
	 */
	if ((sc->hn_ifp->if_drv_flags & IFF_DRV_RUNNING) && sc->hn_pollhz > 0)
		hn_polling(sc, sc->hn_pollhz);
}

static void
hn_rndis_rx_status(struct hn_softc *sc, const void *data, int dlen)
{
	const struct rndis_status_msg *msg;
	int ofs;

	if (dlen < sizeof(*msg)) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS status\n");
		return;
	}
	msg = data;

	switch (msg->rm_status) {
	case RNDIS_STATUS_MEDIA_CONNECT:
	case RNDIS_STATUS_MEDIA_DISCONNECT:
		hn_update_link_status(sc);
		break;

	case RNDIS_STATUS_TASK_OFFLOAD_CURRENT_CONFIG:
	case RNDIS_STATUS_LINK_SPEED_CHANGE:
		/* Not really useful; ignore. */
		break;

	case RNDIS_STATUS_NETWORK_CHANGE:
		ofs = RNDIS_STBUFOFFSET_ABS(msg->rm_stbufoffset);
		if (dlen < ofs + msg->rm_stbuflen ||
		    msg->rm_stbuflen < sizeof(uint32_t)) {
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "network changed\n");
		} else {
			uint32_t change;

			memcpy(&change, ((const uint8_t *)msg) + ofs,
			    sizeof(change));
			if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "network changed, change %u\n",
			    change);
		}
		hn_change_network(sc);
		break;

	default:
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "unknown RNDIS status 0x%08x\n",
		    msg->rm_status);
		break;
	}
}

static int
hn_rndis_rxinfo(const void *info_data, int info_dlen, struct hn_rxinfo *info)
{
	const struct rndis_pktinfo *pi = info_data;
	uint32_t mask = 0;

	while (info_dlen != 0) {
		const void *data;
		uint32_t dlen;

		if (__predict_false(info_dlen < sizeof(*pi)))
			return (EINVAL);
		if (__predict_false(info_dlen < pi->rm_size))
			return (EINVAL);
		info_dlen -= pi->rm_size;

		if (__predict_false(pi->rm_size & RNDIS_PKTINFO_SIZE_ALIGNMASK))
			return (EINVAL);
		if (__predict_false(pi->rm_size < pi->rm_pktinfooffset))
			return (EINVAL);
		dlen = pi->rm_size - pi->rm_pktinfooffset;
		data = pi->rm_data;

		switch (pi->rm_type) {
		case NDIS_PKTINFO_TYPE_VLAN:
			if (__predict_false(dlen < NDIS_VLAN_INFO_SIZE))
				return (EINVAL);
			info->vlan_info = *((const uint32_t *)data);
			mask |= HN_RXINFO_VLAN;
			break;

		case NDIS_PKTINFO_TYPE_CSUM:
			if (__predict_false(dlen < NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_SIZE))
				return (EINVAL);
			info->csum_info = *((const uint32_t *)data);
			mask |= HN_RXINFO_CSUM;
			break;

		case HN_NDIS_PKTINFO_TYPE_HASHVAL:
			if (__predict_false(dlen < HN_NDIS_HASH_VALUE_SIZE))
				return (EINVAL);
			info->hash_value = *((const uint32_t *)data);
			mask |= HN_RXINFO_HASHVAL;
			break;

		case HN_NDIS_PKTINFO_TYPE_HASHINF:
			if (__predict_false(dlen < HN_NDIS_HASH_INFO_SIZE))
				return (EINVAL);
			info->hash_info = *((const uint32_t *)data);
			mask |= HN_RXINFO_HASHINF;
			break;

		default:
			goto next;
		}

		if (mask == HN_RXINFO_ALL) {
			/* All found; done */
			break;
		}
next:
		pi = (const struct rndis_pktinfo *)
		    ((const uint8_t *)pi + pi->rm_size);
	}

	/*
	 * Final fixup.
	 * - If there is no hash value, invalidate the hash info.
	 */
	if ((mask & HN_RXINFO_HASHVAL) == 0)
		info->hash_info = HN_NDIS_HASH_INFO_INVALID;
	return (0);
}

static __inline bool
hn_rndis_check_overlap(int off, int len, int check_off, int check_len)
{

	if (off < check_off) {
		if (__predict_true(off + len <= check_off))
			return (false);
	} else if (off > check_off) {
		if (__predict_true(check_off + check_len <= off))
			return (false);
	}
	return (true);
}

static void
hn_rndis_rx_data(struct hn_rx_ring *rxr, const void *data, int dlen)
{
	const struct rndis_packet_msg *pkt;
	struct hn_rxinfo info;
	int data_off, pktinfo_off, data_len, pktinfo_len;

	/*
	 * Check length.
	 */
	if (__predict_false(dlen < sizeof(*pkt))) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg\n");
		return;
	}
	pkt = data;

	if (__predict_false(dlen < pkt->rm_len)) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "truncated RNDIS packet msg, "
		    "dlen %d, msglen %u\n", dlen, pkt->rm_len);
		return;
	}
	if (__predict_false(pkt->rm_len <
	    pkt->rm_datalen + pkt->rm_oobdatalen + pkt->rm_pktinfolen)) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msglen, "
		    "msglen %u, data %u, oob %u, pktinfo %u\n",
		    pkt->rm_len, pkt->rm_datalen, pkt->rm_oobdatalen,
		    pkt->rm_pktinfolen);
		return;
	}
	if (__predict_false(pkt->rm_datalen == 0)) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg, no data\n");
		return;
	}

	/*
	 * Check offests.
	 */
#define IS_OFFSET_INVALID(ofs)			\
	((ofs) < RNDIS_PACKET_MSG_OFFSET_MIN ||	\
	 ((ofs) & RNDIS_PACKET_MSG_OFFSET_ALIGNMASK))

	/* XXX Hyper-V does not meet data offset alignment requirement */
	if (__predict_false(pkt->rm_dataoffset < RNDIS_PACKET_MSG_OFFSET_MIN)) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg, "
		    "data offset %u\n", pkt->rm_dataoffset);
		return;
	}
	if (__predict_false(pkt->rm_oobdataoffset > 0 &&
	    IS_OFFSET_INVALID(pkt->rm_oobdataoffset))) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg, "
		    "oob offset %u\n", pkt->rm_oobdataoffset);
		return;
	}
	if (__predict_true(pkt->rm_pktinfooffset > 0) &&
	    __predict_false(IS_OFFSET_INVALID(pkt->rm_pktinfooffset))) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg, "
		    "pktinfo offset %u\n", pkt->rm_pktinfooffset);
		return;
	}

#undef IS_OFFSET_INVALID

	data_off = RNDIS_PACKET_MSG_OFFSET_ABS(pkt->rm_dataoffset);
	data_len = pkt->rm_datalen;
	pktinfo_off = RNDIS_PACKET_MSG_OFFSET_ABS(pkt->rm_pktinfooffset);
	pktinfo_len = pkt->rm_pktinfolen;

	/*
	 * Check OOB coverage.
	 */
	if (__predict_false(pkt->rm_oobdatalen != 0)) {
		int oob_off, oob_len;

		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "got oobdata\n");
		oob_off = RNDIS_PACKET_MSG_OFFSET_ABS(pkt->rm_oobdataoffset);
		oob_len = pkt->rm_oobdatalen;

		if (__predict_false(oob_off + oob_len > pkt->rm_len)) {
			if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg, "
			    "oob overflow, msglen %u, oob abs %d len %d\n",
			    pkt->rm_len, oob_off, oob_len);
			return;
		}

		/*
		 * Check against data.
		 */
		if (hn_rndis_check_overlap(oob_off, oob_len,
		    data_off, data_len)) {
			if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg, "
			    "oob overlaps data, oob abs %d len %d, "
			    "data abs %d len %d\n",
			    oob_off, oob_len, data_off, data_len);
			return;
		}

		/*
		 * Check against pktinfo.
		 */
		if (pktinfo_len != 0 &&
		    hn_rndis_check_overlap(oob_off, oob_len,
		    pktinfo_off, pktinfo_len)) {
			if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg, "
			    "oob overlaps pktinfo, oob abs %d len %d, "
			    "pktinfo abs %d len %d\n",
			    oob_off, oob_len, pktinfo_off, pktinfo_len);
			return;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Check per-packet-info coverage and find useful per-packet-info.
	 */
	info.vlan_info = HN_NDIS_VLAN_INFO_INVALID;
	info.csum_info = HN_NDIS_RXCSUM_INFO_INVALID;
	info.hash_info = HN_NDIS_HASH_INFO_INVALID;
	if (__predict_true(pktinfo_len != 0)) {
		bool overlap;
		int error;

		if (__predict_false(pktinfo_off + pktinfo_len > pkt->rm_len)) {
			if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg, "
			    "pktinfo overflow, msglen %u, "
			    "pktinfo abs %d len %d\n",
			    pkt->rm_len, pktinfo_off, pktinfo_len);
			return;
		}

		/*
		 * Check packet info coverage.
		 */
		overlap = hn_rndis_check_overlap(pktinfo_off, pktinfo_len,
		    data_off, data_len);
		if (__predict_false(overlap)) {
			if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg, "
			    "pktinfo overlap data, pktinfo abs %d len %d, "
			    "data abs %d len %d\n",
			    pktinfo_off, pktinfo_len, data_off, data_len);
			return;
		}

		/*
		 * Find useful per-packet-info.
		 */
		error = hn_rndis_rxinfo(((const uint8_t *)pkt) + pktinfo_off,
		    pktinfo_len, &info);
		if (__predict_false(error)) {
			if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg "
			    "pktinfo\n");
			return;
		}
	}

	if (__predict_false(data_off + data_len > pkt->rm_len)) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS packet msg, "
		    "data overflow, msglen %u, data abs %d len %d\n",
		    pkt->rm_len, data_off, data_len);
		return;
	}
	hn_rxpkt(rxr, ((const uint8_t *)pkt) + data_off, data_len, &info);
}

static __inline void
hn_rndis_rxpkt(struct hn_rx_ring *rxr, const void *data, int dlen)
{
	const struct rndis_msghdr *hdr;

	if (__predict_false(dlen < sizeof(*hdr))) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid RNDIS msg\n");
		return;
	}
	hdr = data;

	if (__predict_true(hdr->rm_type == REMOTE_NDIS_PACKET_MSG)) {
		/* Hot data path. */
		hn_rndis_rx_data(rxr, data, dlen);
		/* Done! */
		return;
	}

	if (hdr->rm_type == REMOTE_NDIS_INDICATE_STATUS_MSG)
		hn_rndis_rx_status(rxr->hn_ifp->if_softc, data, dlen);
	else
		hn_rndis_rx_ctrl(rxr->hn_ifp->if_softc, data, dlen);
}

static void
hn_nvs_handle_notify(struct hn_softc *sc, const struct vmbus_chanpkt_hdr *pkt)
{
	const struct hn_nvs_hdr *hdr;

	if (VMBUS_CHANPKT_DATALEN(pkt) < sizeof(*hdr)) {
		if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "invalid nvs notify\n");
		return;
	}
	hdr = VMBUS_CHANPKT_CONST_DATA(pkt);

	if (hdr->nvs_type == HN_NVS_TYPE_TXTBL_NOTE) {
		/* Useless; ignore */
		return;
	}
	if_printf(sc->hn_ifp, "got notify, nvs type %u\n", hdr->nvs_type);
}

static void
hn_nvs_handle_comp(struct hn_softc *sc, struct vmbus_channel *chan,
    const struct vmbus_chanpkt_hdr *pkt)
{
	struct hn_nvs_sendctx *sndc;

	sndc = (struct hn_nvs_sendctx *)(uintptr_t)pkt->cph_xactid;
	sndc->hn_cb(sndc, sc, chan, VMBUS_CHANPKT_CONST_DATA(pkt),
	    VMBUS_CHANPKT_DATALEN(pkt));
	/*
	 * NOTE:
	 * 'sndc' CAN NOT be accessed anymore, since it can be freed by
	 * its callback.
	 */
}

static void
hn_nvs_handle_rxbuf(struct hn_rx_ring *rxr, struct vmbus_channel *chan,
    const struct vmbus_chanpkt_hdr *pkthdr)
{
	const struct vmbus_chanpkt_rxbuf *pkt;
	const struct hn_nvs_hdr *nvs_hdr;
	int count, i, hlen;

	if (__predict_false(VMBUS_CHANPKT_DATALEN(pkthdr) < sizeof(*nvs_hdr))) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid nvs RNDIS\n");
		return;
	}
	nvs_hdr = VMBUS_CHANPKT_CONST_DATA(pkthdr);

	/* Make sure that this is a RNDIS message. */
	if (__predict_false(nvs_hdr->nvs_type != HN_NVS_TYPE_RNDIS)) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "nvs type %u, not RNDIS\n",
		    nvs_hdr->nvs_type);
		return;
	}

	hlen = VMBUS_CHANPKT_GETLEN(pkthdr->cph_hlen);
	if (__predict_false(hlen < sizeof(*pkt))) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid rxbuf chanpkt\n");
		return;
	}
	pkt = (const struct vmbus_chanpkt_rxbuf *)pkthdr;

	if (__predict_false(pkt->cp_rxbuf_id != HN_NVS_RXBUF_SIG)) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid rxbuf_id 0x%08x\n",
		    pkt->cp_rxbuf_id);
		return;
	}

	count = pkt->cp_rxbuf_cnt;
	if (__predict_false(hlen <
	    __offsetof(struct vmbus_chanpkt_rxbuf, cp_rxbuf[count]))) {
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "invalid rxbuf_cnt %d\n", count);
		return;
	}

	/* Each range represents 1 RNDIS pkt that contains 1 Ethernet frame */
	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
		int ofs, len;

		ofs = pkt->cp_rxbuf[i].rb_ofs;
		len = pkt->cp_rxbuf[i].rb_len;
		if (__predict_false(ofs + len > HN_RXBUF_SIZE)) {
			if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "%dth RNDIS msg overflow rxbuf, "
			    "ofs %d, len %d\n", i, ofs, len);
			continue;
		}
		hn_rndis_rxpkt(rxr, rxr->hn_rxbuf + ofs, len);
	}

	/*
	 * Ack the consumed RXBUF associated w/ this channel packet,
	 * so that this RXBUF can be recycled by the hypervisor.
	 */
	hn_nvs_ack_rxbuf(rxr, chan, pkt->cp_hdr.cph_xactid);
}

static void
hn_nvs_ack_rxbuf(struct hn_rx_ring *rxr, struct vmbus_channel *chan,
    uint64_t tid)
{
	struct hn_nvs_rndis_ack ack;
	int retries, error;

	ack.nvs_type = HN_NVS_TYPE_RNDIS_ACK;
	ack.nvs_status = HN_NVS_STATUS_OK;

	retries = 0;
again:
	error = vmbus_chan_send(chan, VMBUS_CHANPKT_TYPE_COMP,
	    VMBUS_CHANPKT_FLAG_NONE, &ack, sizeof(ack), tid);
	if (__predict_false(error == EAGAIN)) {
		/*
		 * NOTE:
		 * This should _not_ happen in real world, since the
		 * consumption of the TX bufring from the TX path is
		 * controlled.
		 */
		if (rxr->hn_ack_failed == 0)
			if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "RXBUF ack retry\n");
		rxr->hn_ack_failed++;
		retries++;
		if (retries < 10) {
			DELAY(100);
			goto again;
		}
		/* RXBUF leaks! */
		if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "RXBUF ack failed\n");
	}
}

static void
hn_chan_callback(struct vmbus_channel *chan, void *xrxr)
{
	struct hn_rx_ring *rxr = xrxr;
	struct hn_softc *sc = rxr->hn_ifp->if_softc;

	for (;;) {
		struct vmbus_chanpkt_hdr *pkt = rxr->hn_pktbuf;
		int error, pktlen;

		pktlen = rxr->hn_pktbuf_len;
		error = vmbus_chan_recv_pkt(chan, pkt, &pktlen);
		if (__predict_false(error == ENOBUFS)) {
			void *nbuf;
			int nlen;

			/*
			 * Expand channel packet buffer.
			 *
			 * XXX
			 * Use M_WAITOK here, since allocation failure
			 * is fatal.
			 */
			nlen = rxr->hn_pktbuf_len * 2;
			while (nlen < pktlen)
				nlen *= 2;
			nbuf = malloc(nlen, M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);

			if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "expand pktbuf %d -> %d\n",
			    rxr->hn_pktbuf_len, nlen);

			free(rxr->hn_pktbuf, M_DEVBUF);
			rxr->hn_pktbuf = nbuf;
			rxr->hn_pktbuf_len = nlen;
			/* Retry! */
			continue;
		} else if (__predict_false(error == EAGAIN)) {
			/* No more channel packets; done! */
			break;
		}
		KASSERT(!error, ("vmbus_chan_recv_pkt failed: %d", error));

		switch (pkt->cph_type) {
		case VMBUS_CHANPKT_TYPE_COMP:
			hn_nvs_handle_comp(sc, chan, pkt);
			break;

		case VMBUS_CHANPKT_TYPE_RXBUF:
			hn_nvs_handle_rxbuf(rxr, chan, pkt);
			break;

		case VMBUS_CHANPKT_TYPE_INBAND:
			hn_nvs_handle_notify(sc, pkt);
			break;

		default:
			if_printf(rxr->hn_ifp, "unknown chan pkt %u\n",
			    pkt->cph_type);
			break;
		}
	}
	hn_chan_rollup(rxr, rxr->hn_txr);
}

static void
hn_sysinit(void *arg __unused)
{
	int i;

#ifdef HN_IFSTART_SUPPORT
	/*
	 * Don't use ifnet.if_start if transparent VF mode is requested;
	 * mainly due to the IFF_DRV_OACTIVE flag.
	 */
	if (hn_xpnt_vf && hn_use_if_start) {
		hn_use_if_start = 0;
		printf("hn: tranparent VF mode, if_transmit will be used, "
		    "instead of if_start\n");
	}
#endif
	if (hn_xpnt_vf_attwait < HN_XPNT_VF_ATTWAIT_MIN) {
		printf("hn: invalid transparent VF attach routing "
		    "wait timeout %d, reset to %d\n",
		    hn_xpnt_vf_attwait, HN_XPNT_VF_ATTWAIT_MIN);
		hn_xpnt_vf_attwait = HN_XPNT_VF_ATTWAIT_MIN;
	}

	/*
	 * Initialize VF map.
	 */
	rm_init_flags(&hn_vfmap_lock, "hn_vfmap", RM_SLEEPABLE);
	hn_vfmap_size = HN_VFMAP_SIZE_DEF;
	hn_vfmap = malloc(sizeof(struct ifnet *) * hn_vfmap_size, M_DEVBUF,
	    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);

	/*
	 * Fix the # of TX taskqueues.
	 */
	if (hn_tx_taskq_cnt <= 0)
		hn_tx_taskq_cnt = 1;
	else if (hn_tx_taskq_cnt > mp_ncpus)
		hn_tx_taskq_cnt = mp_ncpus;

	/*
	 * Fix the TX taskqueue mode.
	 */
	switch (hn_tx_taskq_mode) {
	case HN_TX_TASKQ_M_INDEP:
	case HN_TX_TASKQ_M_GLOBAL:
	case HN_TX_TASKQ_M_EVTTQ:
		break;
	default:
		hn_tx_taskq_mode = HN_TX_TASKQ_M_INDEP;
		break;
	}

	if (vm_guest != VM_GUEST_HV)
		return;

	if (hn_tx_taskq_mode != HN_TX_TASKQ_M_GLOBAL)
		return;

	hn_tx_taskque = malloc(hn_tx_taskq_cnt * sizeof(struct taskqueue *),
	    M_DEVBUF, M_WAITOK);
	for (i = 0; i < hn_tx_taskq_cnt; ++i) {
		hn_tx_taskque[i] = taskqueue_create("hn_tx", M_WAITOK,
		    taskqueue_thread_enqueue, &hn_tx_taskque[i]);
		taskqueue_start_threads(&hn_tx_taskque[i], 1, PI_NET,
		    "hn tx%d", i);
	}
}
SYSINIT(hn_sysinit, SI_SUB_DRIVERS, SI_ORDER_SECOND, hn_sysinit, NULL);

static void
hn_sysuninit(void *arg __unused)
{

	if (hn_tx_taskque != NULL) {
		int i;

		for (i = 0; i < hn_tx_taskq_cnt; ++i)
			taskqueue_free(hn_tx_taskque[i]);
		free(hn_tx_taskque, M_DEVBUF);
	}

	if (hn_vfmap != NULL)
		free(hn_vfmap, M_DEVBUF);
	rm_destroy(&hn_vfmap_lock);
}
SYSUNINIT(hn_sysuninit, SI_SUB_DRIVERS, SI_ORDER_SECOND, hn_sysuninit, NULL);