1 /*- 2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD 3 * 4 * Copyright (c) 2006-2008 Stanislav Sedov <stas@FreeBSD.org> 5 * All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26 * SUCH DAMAGE. 27 * 28 */ 29 30 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 31 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 32 33 #include <sys/param.h> 34 #include <sys/systm.h> 35 #include <sys/conf.h> 36 #include <sys/fcntl.h> 37 #include <sys/ioccom.h> 38 #include <sys/malloc.h> 39 #include <sys/module.h> 40 #include <sys/mutex.h> 41 #include <sys/priv.h> 42 #include <sys/proc.h> 43 #include <sys/queue.h> 44 #include <sys/sched.h> 45 #include <sys/kernel.h> 46 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 47 #include <sys/uio.h> 48 #include <sys/pcpu.h> 49 #include <sys/smp.h> 50 #include <sys/pmckern.h> 51 #include <sys/cpuctl.h> 52 53 #include <machine/cpufunc.h> 54 #include <machine/md_var.h> 55 #include <machine/specialreg.h> 56 #include <x86/ucode.h> 57 58 static d_open_t cpuctl_open; 59 static d_ioctl_t cpuctl_ioctl; 60 61 #define CPUCTL_VERSION 1 62 63 #ifdef CPUCTL_DEBUG 64 # define DPRINTF(format,...) printf(format, __VA_ARGS__); 65 #else 66 # define DPRINTF(...) 67 #endif 68 69 #define UCODE_SIZE_MAX (4 * 1024 * 1024) 70 71 static int cpuctl_do_msr(int cpu, cpuctl_msr_args_t *data, u_long cmd, 72 struct thread *td); 73 static int cpuctl_do_cpuid(int cpu, cpuctl_cpuid_args_t *data, 74 struct thread *td); 75 static int cpuctl_do_cpuid_count(int cpu, cpuctl_cpuid_count_args_t *data, 76 struct thread *td); 77 static int cpuctl_do_eval_cpu_features(int cpu, struct thread *td); 78 static int cpuctl_do_update(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *data, 79 struct thread *td); 80 static int update_intel(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args, 81 struct thread *td); 82 static int update_amd(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args, struct thread *td); 83 static int update_via(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args, 84 struct thread *td); 85 86 static struct cdev **cpuctl_devs; 87 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_CPUCTL, "cpuctl", "CPUCTL buffer"); 88 89 static struct cdevsw cpuctl_cdevsw = { 90 .d_version = D_VERSION, 91 .d_open = cpuctl_open, 92 .d_ioctl = cpuctl_ioctl, 93 .d_name = "cpuctl", 94 }; 95 96 /* 97 * This function checks if specified cpu enabled or not. 98 */ 99 static int 100 cpu_enabled(int cpu) 101 { 102 103 return (pmc_cpu_is_disabled(cpu) == 0); 104 } 105 106 /* 107 * Check if the current thread is bound to a specific cpu. 108 */ 109 static int 110 cpu_sched_is_bound(struct thread *td) 111 { 112 int ret; 113 114 thread_lock(td); 115 ret = sched_is_bound(td); 116 thread_unlock(td); 117 return (ret); 118 } 119 120 /* 121 * Switch to target cpu to run. 122 */ 123 static void 124 set_cpu(int cpu, struct thread *td) 125 { 126 127 KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu <= mp_maxid && cpu_enabled(cpu), 128 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, cpu)); 129 thread_lock(td); 130 sched_bind(td, cpu); 131 thread_unlock(td); 132 KASSERT(td->td_oncpu == cpu, 133 ("[cpuctl,%d]: cannot bind to target cpu %d on cpu %d", __LINE__, 134 cpu, td->td_oncpu)); 135 } 136 137 static void 138 restore_cpu(int oldcpu, int is_bound, struct thread *td) 139 { 140 141 KASSERT(oldcpu >= 0 && oldcpu <= mp_maxid && cpu_enabled(oldcpu), 142 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, oldcpu)); 143 thread_lock(td); 144 if (is_bound == 0) 145 sched_unbind(td); 146 else 147 sched_bind(td, oldcpu); 148 thread_unlock(td); 149 } 150 151 int 152 cpuctl_ioctl(struct cdev *dev, u_long cmd, caddr_t data, 153 int flags, struct thread *td) 154 { 155 int cpu, ret; 156 157 cpu = dev2unit(dev); 158 if (cpu > mp_maxid || !cpu_enabled(cpu)) { 159 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d\n", __LINE__, cpu); 160 return (ENXIO); 161 } 162 /* Require write flag for "write" requests. */ 163 if ((cmd == CPUCTL_MSRCBIT || cmd == CPUCTL_MSRSBIT || 164 cmd == CPUCTL_UPDATE || cmd == CPUCTL_WRMSR || 165 cmd == CPUCTL_EVAL_CPU_FEATURES) && 166 (flags & FWRITE) == 0) 167 return (EPERM); 168 switch (cmd) { 169 case CPUCTL_RDMSR: 170 ret = cpuctl_do_msr(cpu, (cpuctl_msr_args_t *)data, cmd, td); 171 break; 172 case CPUCTL_MSRSBIT: 173 case CPUCTL_MSRCBIT: 174 case CPUCTL_WRMSR: 175 ret = priv_check(td, PRIV_CPUCTL_WRMSR); 176 if (ret != 0) 177 goto fail; 178 ret = cpuctl_do_msr(cpu, (cpuctl_msr_args_t *)data, cmd, td); 179 break; 180 case CPUCTL_CPUID: 181 ret = cpuctl_do_cpuid(cpu, (cpuctl_cpuid_args_t *)data, td); 182 break; 183 case CPUCTL_UPDATE: 184 ret = priv_check(td, PRIV_CPUCTL_UPDATE); 185 if (ret != 0) 186 goto fail; 187 ret = cpuctl_do_update(cpu, (cpuctl_update_args_t *)data, td); 188 break; 189 case CPUCTL_CPUID_COUNT: 190 ret = cpuctl_do_cpuid_count(cpu, 191 (cpuctl_cpuid_count_args_t *)data, td); 192 break; 193 case CPUCTL_EVAL_CPU_FEATURES: 194 ret = cpuctl_do_eval_cpu_features(cpu, td); 195 break; 196 default: 197 ret = EINVAL; 198 break; 199 } 200 fail: 201 return (ret); 202 } 203 204 /* 205 * Actually perform cpuid operation. 206 */ 207 static int 208 cpuctl_do_cpuid_count(int cpu, cpuctl_cpuid_count_args_t *data, 209 struct thread *td) 210 { 211 int is_bound = 0; 212 int oldcpu; 213 214 KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu <= mp_maxid, 215 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, cpu)); 216 217 /* Explicitly clear cpuid data to avoid returning stale info. */ 218 bzero(data->data, sizeof(data->data)); 219 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: retrieving cpuid lev %#0x type %#0x for %d cpu\n", 220 __LINE__, data->level, data->level_type, cpu); 221 #ifdef __i386__ 222 if (cpu_id == 0) 223 return (ENODEV); 224 #endif 225 oldcpu = td->td_oncpu; 226 is_bound = cpu_sched_is_bound(td); 227 set_cpu(cpu, td); 228 cpuid_count(data->level, data->level_type, data->data); 229 restore_cpu(oldcpu, is_bound, td); 230 return (0); 231 } 232 233 static int 234 cpuctl_do_cpuid(int cpu, cpuctl_cpuid_args_t *data, struct thread *td) 235 { 236 cpuctl_cpuid_count_args_t cdata; 237 int error; 238 239 cdata.level = data->level; 240 /* Override the level type. */ 241 cdata.level_type = 0; 242 error = cpuctl_do_cpuid_count(cpu, &cdata, td); 243 bcopy(cdata.data, data->data, sizeof(data->data)); /* Ignore error */ 244 return (error); 245 } 246 247 /* 248 * Actually perform MSR operations. 249 */ 250 static int 251 cpuctl_do_msr(int cpu, cpuctl_msr_args_t *data, u_long cmd, struct thread *td) 252 { 253 uint64_t reg; 254 int is_bound = 0; 255 int oldcpu; 256 int ret; 257 258 KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu <= mp_maxid, 259 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, cpu)); 260 261 /* 262 * Explicitly clear cpuid data to avoid returning stale 263 * info 264 */ 265 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: operating on MSR %#0x for %d cpu\n", __LINE__, 266 data->msr, cpu); 267 #ifdef __i386__ 268 if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_MSR) == 0) 269 return (ENODEV); 270 #endif 271 oldcpu = td->td_oncpu; 272 is_bound = cpu_sched_is_bound(td); 273 set_cpu(cpu, td); 274 if (cmd == CPUCTL_RDMSR) { 275 data->data = 0; 276 ret = rdmsr_safe(data->msr, &data->data); 277 } else if (cmd == CPUCTL_WRMSR) { 278 ret = wrmsr_safe(data->msr, data->data); 279 } else if (cmd == CPUCTL_MSRSBIT) { 280 critical_enter(); 281 ret = rdmsr_safe(data->msr, ®); 282 if (ret == 0) 283 ret = wrmsr_safe(data->msr, reg | data->data); 284 critical_exit(); 285 } else if (cmd == CPUCTL_MSRCBIT) { 286 critical_enter(); 287 ret = rdmsr_safe(data->msr, ®); 288 if (ret == 0) 289 ret = wrmsr_safe(data->msr, reg & ~data->data); 290 critical_exit(); 291 } else 292 panic("[cpuctl,%d]: unknown operation requested: %lu", 293 __LINE__, cmd); 294 restore_cpu(oldcpu, is_bound, td); 295 return (ret); 296 } 297 298 /* 299 * Actually perform microcode update. 300 */ 301 static int 302 cpuctl_do_update(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *data, struct thread *td) 303 { 304 cpuctl_cpuid_args_t args = { 305 .level = 0, 306 }; 307 char vendor[13]; 308 int ret; 309 310 KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu <= mp_maxid, 311 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, cpu)); 312 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: XXX %d", __LINE__, cpu); 313 314 ret = cpuctl_do_cpuid(cpu, &args, td); 315 if (ret != 0) 316 return (ret); 317 ((uint32_t *)vendor)[0] = args.data[1]; 318 ((uint32_t *)vendor)[1] = args.data[3]; 319 ((uint32_t *)vendor)[2] = args.data[2]; 320 vendor[12] = '\0'; 321 if (strncmp(vendor, INTEL_VENDOR_ID, sizeof(INTEL_VENDOR_ID)) == 0) 322 ret = update_intel(cpu, data, td); 323 else if(strncmp(vendor, AMD_VENDOR_ID, sizeof(AMD_VENDOR_ID)) == 0) 324 ret = update_amd(cpu, data, td); 325 else if(strncmp(vendor, CENTAUR_VENDOR_ID, sizeof(CENTAUR_VENDOR_ID)) 326 == 0) 327 ret = update_via(cpu, data, td); 328 else 329 ret = ENXIO; 330 return (ret); 331 } 332 333 struct ucode_update_data { 334 void *ptr; 335 int cpu; 336 int ret; 337 }; 338 339 static void 340 ucode_intel_load_rv(void *arg) 341 { 342 struct ucode_update_data *d; 343 344 d = arg; 345 if (PCPU_GET(cpuid) == d->cpu) 346 d->ret = ucode_intel_load(d->ptr, true, NULL, NULL); 347 } 348 349 static int 350 update_intel(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args, struct thread *td) 351 { 352 struct ucode_update_data d; 353 void *ptr; 354 int is_bound, oldcpu, ret; 355 356 if (args->size == 0 || args->data == NULL) { 357 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: zero-sized firmware image", __LINE__); 358 return (EINVAL); 359 } 360 if (args->size > UCODE_SIZE_MAX) { 361 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: firmware image too large", __LINE__); 362 return (EINVAL); 363 } 364 365 /* 366 * 16 byte alignment required. Rely on the fact that 367 * malloc(9) always returns the pointer aligned at least on 368 * the size of the allocation. 369 */ 370 ptr = malloc(args->size + 16, M_CPUCTL, M_WAITOK); 371 if (copyin(args->data, ptr, args->size) != 0) { 372 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: copyin %p->%p of %zd bytes failed", 373 __LINE__, args->data, ptr, args->size); 374 ret = EFAULT; 375 goto out; 376 } 377 oldcpu = td->td_oncpu; 378 is_bound = cpu_sched_is_bound(td); 379 set_cpu(cpu, td); 380 d.ptr = ptr; 381 d.cpu = cpu; 382 smp_rendezvous(NULL, ucode_intel_load_rv, NULL, &d); 383 restore_cpu(oldcpu, is_bound, td); 384 ret = d.ret; 385 386 /* 387 * Replace any existing update. This ensures that the new update 388 * will be reloaded automatically during ACPI resume. 389 */ 390 if (ret == 0) 391 ptr = ucode_update(ptr); 392 393 out: 394 free(ptr, M_CPUCTL); 395 return (ret); 396 } 397 398 /* 399 * NB: MSR 0xc0010020, MSR_K8_UCODE_UPDATE, is not documented by AMD. 400 * Coreboot, illumos and Linux source code was used to understand 401 * its workings. 402 */ 403 static void 404 amd_ucode_wrmsr(void *ucode_ptr) 405 { 406 uint32_t tmp[4]; 407 408 wrmsr_safe(MSR_K8_UCODE_UPDATE, (uintptr_t)ucode_ptr); 409 do_cpuid(0, tmp); 410 } 411 412 static int 413 update_amd(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args, struct thread *td) 414 { 415 void *ptr; 416 int ret; 417 418 if (args->size == 0 || args->data == NULL) { 419 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: zero-sized firmware image", __LINE__); 420 return (EINVAL); 421 } 422 if (args->size > UCODE_SIZE_MAX) { 423 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: firmware image too large", __LINE__); 424 return (EINVAL); 425 } 426 427 /* 428 * 16 byte alignment required. Rely on the fact that 429 * malloc(9) always returns the pointer aligned at least on 430 * the size of the allocation. 431 */ 432 ptr = malloc(args->size + 16, M_CPUCTL, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK); 433 if (copyin(args->data, ptr, args->size) != 0) { 434 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: copyin %p->%p of %zd bytes failed", 435 __LINE__, args->data, ptr, args->size); 436 ret = EFAULT; 437 goto fail; 438 } 439 smp_rendezvous(NULL, amd_ucode_wrmsr, NULL, ptr); 440 ret = 0; 441 fail: 442 free(ptr, M_CPUCTL); 443 return (ret); 444 } 445 446 static int 447 update_via(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args, struct thread *td) 448 { 449 void *ptr; 450 uint64_t rev0, rev1, res; 451 uint32_t tmp[4]; 452 int is_bound; 453 int oldcpu; 454 int ret; 455 456 if (args->size == 0 || args->data == NULL) { 457 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: zero-sized firmware image", __LINE__); 458 return (EINVAL); 459 } 460 if (args->size > UCODE_SIZE_MAX) { 461 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: firmware image too large", __LINE__); 462 return (EINVAL); 463 } 464 465 /* 466 * 4 byte alignment required. 467 */ 468 ptr = malloc(args->size, M_CPUCTL, M_WAITOK); 469 if (copyin(args->data, ptr, args->size) != 0) { 470 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: copyin %p->%p of %zd bytes failed", 471 __LINE__, args->data, ptr, args->size); 472 ret = EFAULT; 473 goto fail; 474 } 475 oldcpu = td->td_oncpu; 476 is_bound = cpu_sched_is_bound(td); 477 set_cpu(cpu, td); 478 critical_enter(); 479 rdmsr_safe(MSR_BIOS_SIGN, &rev0); /* Get current microcode revision. */ 480 481 /* 482 * Perform update. 483 */ 484 wrmsr_safe(MSR_BIOS_UPDT_TRIG, (uintptr_t)(ptr)); 485 do_cpuid(1, tmp); 486 487 /* 488 * Result are in low byte of MSR FCR5: 489 * 0x00: No update has been attempted since RESET. 490 * 0x01: The last attempted update was successful. 491 * 0x02: The last attempted update was unsuccessful due to a bad 492 * environment. No update was loaded and any preexisting 493 * patches are still active. 494 * 0x03: The last attempted update was not applicable to this processor. 495 * No update was loaded and any preexisting patches are still 496 * active. 497 * 0x04: The last attempted update was not successful due to an invalid 498 * update data block. No update was loaded and any preexisting 499 * patches are still active 500 */ 501 rdmsr_safe(0x1205, &res); 502 res &= 0xff; 503 critical_exit(); 504 rdmsr_safe(MSR_BIOS_SIGN, &rev1); /* Get new microcode revision. */ 505 restore_cpu(oldcpu, is_bound, td); 506 507 DPRINTF("[cpu,%d]: rev0=%x rev1=%x res=%x\n", __LINE__, 508 (unsigned)(rev0 >> 32), (unsigned)(rev1 >> 32), (unsigned)res); 509 510 if (res != 0x01) 511 ret = EINVAL; 512 else 513 ret = 0; 514 fail: 515 free(ptr, M_CPUCTL); 516 return (ret); 517 } 518 519 static int 520 cpuctl_do_eval_cpu_features(int cpu, struct thread *td) 521 { 522 int is_bound = 0; 523 int oldcpu; 524 525 KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu <= mp_maxid, 526 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, cpu)); 527 528 #ifdef __i386__ 529 if (cpu_id == 0) 530 return (ENODEV); 531 #endif 532 oldcpu = td->td_oncpu; 533 is_bound = cpu_sched_is_bound(td); 534 set_cpu(cpu, td); 535 identify_cpu1(); 536 identify_cpu2(); 537 hw_ibrs_recalculate(); 538 restore_cpu(oldcpu, is_bound, td); 539 hw_ssb_recalculate(true); 540 #ifdef __amd64__ 541 amd64_syscall_ret_flush_l1d_recalc(); 542 #endif 543 hw_mds_recalculate(); 544 printcpuinfo(); 545 return (0); 546 } 547 548 549 int 550 cpuctl_open(struct cdev *dev, int flags, int fmt __unused, struct thread *td) 551 { 552 int ret = 0; 553 int cpu; 554 555 cpu = dev2unit(dev); 556 if (cpu > mp_maxid || !cpu_enabled(cpu)) { 557 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: incorrect cpu number %d\n", __LINE__, 558 cpu); 559 return (ENXIO); 560 } 561 if (flags & FWRITE) 562 ret = securelevel_gt(td->td_ucred, 0); 563 return (ret); 564 } 565 566 static int 567 cpuctl_modevent(module_t mod __unused, int type, void *data __unused) 568 { 569 int cpu; 570 571 switch(type) { 572 case MOD_LOAD: 573 if (bootverbose) 574 printf("cpuctl: access to MSR registers/cpuid info.\n"); 575 cpuctl_devs = malloc(sizeof(*cpuctl_devs) * (mp_maxid + 1), M_CPUCTL, 576 M_WAITOK | M_ZERO); 577 CPU_FOREACH(cpu) 578 if (cpu_enabled(cpu)) 579 cpuctl_devs[cpu] = make_dev(&cpuctl_cdevsw, cpu, 580 UID_ROOT, GID_KMEM, 0640, "cpuctl%d", cpu); 581 break; 582 case MOD_UNLOAD: 583 CPU_FOREACH(cpu) { 584 if (cpuctl_devs[cpu] != NULL) 585 destroy_dev(cpuctl_devs[cpu]); 586 } 587 free(cpuctl_devs, M_CPUCTL); 588 break; 589 case MOD_SHUTDOWN: 590 break; 591 default: 592 return (EOPNOTSUPP); 593 } 594 return (0); 595 } 596 597 DEV_MODULE(cpuctl, cpuctl_modevent, NULL); 598 MODULE_VERSION(cpuctl, CPUCTL_VERSION); 599