xref: /freebsd/sys/contrib/xen/io/vscsiif.h (revision 2008043f386721d58158e37e0d7e50df8095942d)
1 /******************************************************************************
2  * vscsiif.h
3  *
4  * Based on the blkif.h code.
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
8  * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
9  * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
10  * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
19  * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
21  * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
22  * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
23  *
24  * Copyright(c) FUJITSU Limited 2008.
25  */
26 
27 #ifndef __XEN__PUBLIC_IO_SCSI_H__
28 #define __XEN__PUBLIC_IO_SCSI_H__
29 
30 #include "ring.h"
31 #include "../grant_table.h"
32 
33 /*
34  * Feature and Parameter Negotiation
35  * =================================
36  * The two halves of a Xen pvSCSI driver utilize nodes within the XenStore to
37  * communicate capabilities and to negotiate operating parameters.  This
38  * section enumerates these nodes which reside in the respective front and
39  * backend portions of the XenStore, following the XenBus convention.
40  *
41  * Any specified default value is in effect if the corresponding XenBus node
42  * is not present in the XenStore.
43  *
44  * XenStore nodes in sections marked "PRIVATE" are solely for use by the
45  * driver side whose XenBus tree contains them.
46  *
47  *****************************************************************************
48  *                            Backend XenBus Nodes
49  *****************************************************************************
50  *
51  *------------------ Backend Device Identification (PRIVATE) ------------------
52  *
53  * p-devname
54  *      Values:         string
55  *
56  *      A free string used to identify the physical device (e.g. a disk name).
57  *
58  * p-dev
59  *      Values:         string
60  *
61  *      A string specifying the backend device: either a 4-tuple "h:c:t:l"
62  *      (host, controller, target, lun, all integers), or a WWN (e.g.
63  *      "naa.60014054ac780582:0").
64  *
65  * v-dev
66  *      Values:         string
67  *
68  *      A string specifying the frontend device in form of a 4-tuple "h:c:t:l"
69  *      (host, controller, target, lun, all integers).
70  *
71  *--------------------------------- Features ---------------------------------
72  *
73  * feature-sg-grant
74  *      Values:         unsigned [VSCSIIF_SG_TABLESIZE...65535]
75  *      Default Value:  0
76  *
77  *      Specifies the maximum number of scatter/gather elements in grant pages
78  *      supported. If not set, the backend supports up to VSCSIIF_SG_TABLESIZE
79  *      SG elements specified directly in the request.
80  *
81  *****************************************************************************
82  *                            Frontend XenBus Nodes
83  *****************************************************************************
84  *
85  *----------------------- Request Transport Parameters -----------------------
86  *
87  * event-channel
88  *      Values:         unsigned
89  *
90  *      The identifier of the Xen event channel used to signal activity
91  *      in the ring buffer.
92  *
93  * ring-ref
94  *      Values:         unsigned
95  *
96  *      The Xen grant reference granting permission for the backend to map
97  *      the sole page in a single page sized ring buffer.
98  *
99  * protocol
100  *      Values:         string (XEN_IO_PROTO_ABI_*)
101  *      Default Value:  XEN_IO_PROTO_ABI_NATIVE
102  *
103  *      The machine ABI rules governing the format of all ring request and
104  *      response structures.
105  */
106 
107 /*
108  * Xenstore format in practice
109  * ===========================
110  *
111  * The backend driver uses a single_host:many_devices notation to manage domU
112  * devices. Everything is stored in /local/domain/<backend_domid>/backend/vscsi/.
113  * The xenstore layout looks like this (dom0 is assumed to be the backend_domid):
114  *
115  *     <domid>/<vhost>/feature-host = "0"
116  *     <domid>/<vhost>/frontend = "/local/domain/<domid>/device/vscsi/0"
117  *     <domid>/<vhost>/frontend-id = "<domid>"
118  *     <domid>/<vhost>/online = "1"
119  *     <domid>/<vhost>/state = "4"
120  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-0/p-dev = "8:0:2:1" or "naa.wwn:lun"
121  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-0/state = "4"
122  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-0/v-dev = "0:0:0:0"
123  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/p-dev = "8:0:2:2"
124  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/state = "4"
125  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/v-dev = "0:0:1:0"
126  *
127  * The frontend driver maintains its state in
128  * /local/domain/<domid>/device/vscsi/.
129  *
130  *     <vhost>/backend = "/local/domain/0/backend/vscsi/<domid>/<vhost>"
131  *     <vhost>/backend-id = "0"
132  *     <vhost>/event-channel = "20"
133  *     <vhost>/ring-ref = "43"
134  *     <vhost>/state = "4"
135  *     <vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-0/state = "4"
136  *     <vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/state = "4"
137  *
138  * In addition to the entries for backend and frontend these flags are stored
139  * for the toolstack:
140  *
141  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/p-devname = "/dev/$device"
142  *     <domid>/<vhost>/libxl_ctrl_index = "0"
143  *
144  *
145  * Backend/frontend protocol
146  * =========================
147  *
148  * To create a vhost along with a device:
149  *     <domid>/<vhost>/feature-host = "0"
150  *     <domid>/<vhost>/frontend = "/local/domain/<domid>/device/vscsi/0"
151  *     <domid>/<vhost>/frontend-id = "<domid>"
152  *     <domid>/<vhost>/online = "1"
153  *     <domid>/<vhost>/state = "1"
154  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-0/p-dev = "8:0:2:1"
155  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-0/state = "1"
156  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-0/v-dev = "0:0:0:0"
157  * Wait for <domid>/<vhost>/state + <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-0/state become 4
158  *
159  * To add another device to a vhost:
160  *     <domid>/<vhost>/state = "7"
161  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/p-dev = "8:0:2:2"
162  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/state = "1"
163  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/v-dev = "0:0:1:0"
164  * Wait for <domid>/<vhost>/state + <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/state become 4
165  *
166  * To remove a device from a vhost:
167  *     <domid>/<vhost>/state = "7"
168  *     <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/state = "5"
169  * Wait for <domid>/<vhost>/state to become 4
170  * Wait for <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/state become 6
171  * Remove <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/{state,p-dev,v-dev,p-devname}
172  * Remove <domid>/<vhost>/vscsi-devs/dev-1/
173  *
174  */
175 
176 /* Requests from the frontend to the backend */
177 
178 /*
179  * Request a SCSI operation specified via a CDB in vscsiif_request.cmnd.
180  * The target is specified via channel, id and lun.
181  *
182  * The operation to be performed is specified via a CDB in cmnd[], the length
183  * of the CDB is in cmd_len. sc_data_direction specifies the direction of data
184  * (to the device, from the device, or none at all).
185  *
186  * If data is to be transferred to or from the device the buffer(s) in the
187  * guest memory is/are specified via one or multiple scsiif_request_segment
188  * descriptors each specifying a memory page via a grant_ref_t, a offset into
189  * the page and the length of the area in that page. All scsiif_request_segment
190  * areas concatenated form the resulting data buffer used by the operation.
191  * If the number of scsiif_request_segment areas is not too large (less than
192  * or equal VSCSIIF_SG_TABLESIZE) the areas can be specified directly in the
193  * seg[] array and the number of valid scsiif_request_segment elements is to be
194  * set in nr_segments.
195  *
196  * If "feature-sg-grant" in the Xenstore is set it is possible to specify more
197  * than VSCSIIF_SG_TABLESIZE scsiif_request_segment elements via indirection.
198  * The maximum number of allowed scsiif_request_segment elements is the value
199  * of the "feature-sg-grant" entry from Xenstore. When using indirection the
200  * seg[] array doesn't contain specifications of the data buffers, but
201  * references to scsiif_request_segment arrays, which in turn reference the
202  * data buffers. While nr_segments holds the number of populated seg[] entries
203  * (plus the set VSCSIIF_SG_GRANT bit), the number of scsiif_request_segment
204  * elements referencing the target data buffers is calculated from the lengths
205  * of the seg[] elements (the sum of all valid seg[].length divided by the
206  * size of one scsiif_request_segment structure). The frontend may use a mix of
207  * direct and indirect requests.
208  */
209 #define VSCSIIF_ACT_SCSI_CDB         1
210 
211 /*
212  * Request abort of a running operation for the specified target given by
213  * channel, id, lun and the operation's rqid in ref_rqid.
214  */
215 #define VSCSIIF_ACT_SCSI_ABORT       2
216 
217 /*
218  * Request a device reset of the specified target (channel and id).
219  */
220 #define VSCSIIF_ACT_SCSI_RESET       3
221 
222 /*
223  * Preset scatter/gather elements for a following request. Deprecated.
224  * Keeping the define only to avoid usage of the value "4" for other actions.
225  */
226 #define VSCSIIF_ACT_SCSI_SG_PRESET   4
227 
228 /*
229  * Maximum scatter/gather segments per request.
230  *
231  * Considering balance between allocating at least 16 "vscsiif_request"
232  * structures on one page (4096 bytes) and the number of scatter/gather
233  * elements needed, we decided to use 26 as a magic number.
234  *
235  * If "feature-sg-grant" is set, more scatter/gather elements can be specified
236  * by placing them in one or more (up to VSCSIIF_SG_TABLESIZE) granted pages.
237  * In this case the vscsiif_request seg elements don't contain references to
238  * the user data, but to the SG elements referencing the user data.
239  */
240 #define VSCSIIF_SG_TABLESIZE             26
241 
242 /*
243  * based on Linux kernel 2.6.18, still valid
244  *
245  * Changing these values requires support of multiple protocols via the rings
246  * as "old clients" will blindly use these values and the resulting structure
247  * sizes.
248  */
249 #define VSCSIIF_MAX_COMMAND_SIZE         16
250 #define VSCSIIF_SENSE_BUFFERSIZE         96
251 #define VSCSIIF_PAGE_SIZE              4096
252 
253 struct scsiif_request_segment {
254     grant_ref_t gref;
255     uint16_t offset;
256     uint16_t length;
257 };
258 typedef struct scsiif_request_segment vscsiif_segment_t;
259 
260 #define VSCSIIF_SG_PER_PAGE (VSCSIIF_PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct scsiif_request_segment))
261 
262 /* Size of one request is 252 bytes */
263 struct vscsiif_request {
264     uint16_t rqid;          /* private guest value, echoed in resp  */
265     uint8_t act;            /* command between backend and frontend */
266     uint8_t cmd_len;        /* valid CDB bytes */
267 
268     uint8_t cmnd[VSCSIIF_MAX_COMMAND_SIZE]; /* the CDB */
269     uint16_t timeout_per_command;   /* deprecated: timeout in secs, 0=default */
270     uint16_t channel, id, lun;      /* (virtual) device specification */
271     uint16_t ref_rqid;              /* command abort reference */
272     uint8_t sc_data_direction;      /* for DMA_TO_DEVICE(1)
273                                        DMA_FROM_DEVICE(2)
274                                        DMA_NONE(3) requests  */
275     uint8_t nr_segments;            /* Number of pieces of scatter-gather */
276 /*
277  * flag in nr_segments: SG elements via grant page
278  *
279  * If VSCSIIF_SG_GRANT is set, the low 7 bits of nr_segments specify the number
280  * of grant pages containing SG elements. Usable if "feature-sg-grant" set.
281  */
282 #define VSCSIIF_SG_GRANT    0x80
283 
284     vscsiif_segment_t seg[VSCSIIF_SG_TABLESIZE];
285     uint32_t reserved[3];
286 };
287 typedef struct vscsiif_request vscsiif_request_t;
288 
289 /*
290  * The following interface is deprecated!
291  */
292 #define VSCSIIF_SG_LIST_SIZE ((sizeof(vscsiif_request_t) - 4) \
293                               / sizeof(vscsiif_segment_t))
294 
295 struct vscsiif_sg_list {
296     /* First two fields must match struct vscsiif_request! */
297     uint16_t rqid;          /* private guest value, must match main req */
298     uint8_t act;            /* VSCSIIF_ACT_SCSI_SG_PRESET */
299     uint8_t nr_segments;    /* Number of pieces of scatter-gather */
300     vscsiif_segment_t seg[VSCSIIF_SG_LIST_SIZE];
301 };
302 typedef struct vscsiif_sg_list vscsiif_sg_list_t;
303 /* End of deprecated interface */
304 
305 /* Size of one response is 252 bytes */
306 struct vscsiif_response {
307     uint16_t rqid;          /* identifies request */
308     uint8_t act;            /* deprecated: valid only if SG_PRESET supported */
309     uint8_t sense_len;
310     uint8_t sense_buffer[VSCSIIF_SENSE_BUFFERSIZE];
311     int32_t rslt;
312     uint32_t residual_len;     /* request bufflen -
313                                   return the value from physical device */
314     uint32_t reserved[36];
315 };
316 typedef struct vscsiif_response vscsiif_response_t;
317 
318 DEFINE_RING_TYPES(vscsiif, struct vscsiif_request, struct vscsiif_response);
319 
320 
321 #endif  /*__XEN__PUBLIC_IO_SCSI_H__*/
322 /*
323  * Local variables:
324  * mode: C
325  * c-file-style: "BSD"
326  * c-basic-offset: 4
327  * tab-width: 4
328  * indent-tabs-mode: nil
329  * End:
330  */
331