xref: /freebsd/sys/contrib/openzfs/man/man8/zpool-scrub.8 (revision e6bfd18d21b225af6a0ed67ceeaf1293b7b9eba5)
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29.Dd July 25, 2021
30.Dt ZPOOL-SCRUB 8
31.Os
32.
33.Sh NAME
34.Nm zpool-scrub
35.Nd begin or resume scrub of ZFS storage pools
36.Sh SYNOPSIS
37.Nm zpool
38.Cm scrub
39.Op Fl s Ns | Ns Fl p
40.Op Fl w
41.Op Fl e
42.Ar pool Ns …
43.
44.Sh DESCRIPTION
45Begins a scrub or resumes a paused scrub.
46The scrub examines all data in the specified pools to verify that it checksums
47correctly.
48For replicated
49.Pq mirror, raidz, or draid
50devices, ZFS automatically repairs any damage discovered during the scrub.
51The
52.Nm zpool Cm status
53command reports the progress of the scrub and summarizes the results of the
54scrub upon completion.
55.Pp
56Scrubbing and resilvering are very similar operations.
57The difference is that resilvering only examines data that ZFS knows to be out
58of date
59.Po
60for example, when attaching a new device to a mirror or replacing an existing
61device
62.Pc ,
63whereas scrubbing examines all data to discover silent errors due to hardware
64faults or disk failure.
65.Pp
66When scrubbing a pool with encrypted filesystems the keys do not need to be
67loaded.
68However, if the keys are not loaded and an unrepairable checksum error is
69detected the file name cannot be included in the
70.Nm zpool Cm status Fl v
71verbose error report.
72.Pp
73Because scrubbing and resilvering are I/O-intensive operations, ZFS only allows
74one at a time.
75.Pp
76A scrub is split into two parts: metadata scanning and block scrubbing.
77The metadata scanning sorts blocks into large sequential ranges which can then
78be read much more efficiently from disk when issuing the scrub I/O.
79.Pp
80If a scrub is paused, the
81.Nm zpool Cm scrub
82resumes it.
83If a resilver is in progress, ZFS does not allow a scrub to be started until the
84resilver completes.
85.Pp
86Note that, due to changes in pool data on a live system, it is possible for
87scrubs to progress slightly beyond 100% completion.
88During this period, no completion time estimate will be provided.
89.
90.Sh OPTIONS
91.Bl -tag -width "-s"
92.It Fl s
93Stop scrubbing.
94.It Fl p
95Pause scrubbing.
96Scrub pause state and progress are periodically synced to disk.
97If the system is restarted or pool is exported during a paused scrub,
98even after import, scrub will remain paused until it is resumed.
99Once resumed the scrub will pick up from the place where it was last
100checkpointed to disk.
101To resume a paused scrub issue
102.Nm zpool Cm scrub
103or
104.Nm zpool Cm scrub
105.Fl e
106again.
107.It Fl w
108Wait until scrub has completed before returning.
109.It Fl e
110Only scrub files with known data errors as reported by
111.Nm zpool Cm status Fl v .
112The pool must have been scrubbed at least once with the
113.Sy head_errlog
114feature enabled to use this option.
115Error scrubbing cannot be run simultaneously with regular scrubbing or
116resilvering, nor can it be run when a regular scrub is paused.
117.El
118.Sh EXAMPLES
119.Ss Example 1
120Status of pool with ongoing scrub:
121.sp
122.Bd -literal -compact
123.No # Nm zpool Cm status
124  ...
125  scan: scrub in progress since Sun Jul 25 16:07:49 2021
126        403M scanned at 100M/s, 68.4M issued at 10.0M/s, 405M total
127        0B repaired, 16.91% done, 00:00:04 to go
128  ...
129.Ed
130.Pp
131Where metadata which references 403M of file data has been
132scanned at 100M/s, and 68.4M of that file data has been
133scrubbed sequentially at 10.0M/s.
134.Sh PERIODIC SCRUB
135On machines using systemd, scrub timers can be enabled on per-pool basis.
136.Nm weekly
137and
138.Nm monthly
139timer units are provided.
140.Bl -tag -width Ds
141.It Xo
142.Xc
143.Nm systemctl
144.Cm enable
145.Cm zfs-scrub-\fIweekly\fB@\fIrpool\fB.timer
146.Cm --now
147.It Xo
148.Xc
149.Nm systemctl
150.Cm enable
151.Cm zfs-scrub-\fImonthly\fB@\fIotherpool\fB.timer
152.Cm --now
153.El
154.
155.Sh SEE ALSO
156.Xr systemd.timer 5 ,
157.Xr zpool-iostat 8 ,
158.Xr zpool-resilver 8 ,
159.Xr zpool-status 8
160