xref: /freebsd/sys/contrib/openzfs/man/man8/zpool-import.8 (revision 61145dc2b94f12f6a47344fb9aac702321880e43)

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.Dd March 16, 2022
.Dt ZPOOL-IMPORT 8
.Os
.
.Sh NAME
.Nm zpool-import
.Nd import ZFS storage pools or list available pools
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm zpool
.Cm import
.Op Fl D
.Oo Fl d Ar dir Ns | Ns Ar device Oc Ns …
.Nm zpool
.Cm import
.Fl a
.Op Fl DflmN
.Op Fl F Op Fl nTX
.Op Fl -rewind-to-checkpoint
.Op Fl c Ar cachefile Ns | Ns Fl d Ar dir Ns | Ns Ar device
.Op Fl o Ar mntopts
.Oo Fl o Ar property Ns = Ns Ar value Oc Ns …
.Op Fl R Ar root
.Nm zpool
.Cm import
.Op Fl Dflmt
.Op Fl F Op Fl nTX
.Op Fl -rewind-to-checkpoint
.Op Fl c Ar cachefile Ns | Ns Fl d Ar dir Ns | Ns Ar device
.Op Fl o Ar mntopts
.Oo Fl o Ar property Ns = Ns Ar value Oc Ns …
.Op Fl R Ar root
.Op Fl s
.Ar pool Ns | Ns Ar id
.Op Ar newpool
.
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Xo
.Nm zpool
.Cm import
.Op Fl D
.Oo Fl d Ar dir Ns | Ns Ar device Oc Ns …
.Xc
Lists pools available to import.
If the
.Fl d
or
.Fl c
options are not specified, this command searches for devices using libblkid
on Linux and geom on
.Fx .
The
.Fl d
option can be specified multiple times, and all directories are searched.
If the device appears to be part of an exported pool, this command displays a
summary of the pool with the name of the pool, a numeric identifier, as well as
the vdev layout and current health of the device for each device or file.
Destroyed pools, pools that were previously destroyed with the
.Nm zpool Cm destroy
command, are not listed unless the
.Fl D
option is specified.
.Pp
The numeric identifier is unique, and can be used instead of the pool name when
multiple exported pools of the same name are available.
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Fl c Ar cachefile
Reads configuration from the given
.Ar cachefile
that was created with the
.Sy cachefile
pool property.
This
.Ar cachefile
is used instead of searching for devices.
.It Fl d Ar dir Ns | Ns Ar device
Uses
.Ar device
or searches for devices or files in
.Ar dir .
The
.Fl d
option can be specified multiple times.
.It Fl D
Lists destroyed pools only.
.El
.It Xo
.Nm zpool
.Cm import
.Fl a
.Op Fl DflmN
.Op Fl F Op Fl nTX
.Op Fl c Ar cachefile Ns | Ns Fl d Ar dir Ns | Ns Ar device
.Op Fl o Ar mntopts
.Oo Fl o Ar property Ns = Ns Ar value Oc Ns …
.Op Fl R Ar root
.Op Fl s
.Xc
Imports all pools found in the search directories.
Identical to the previous command, except that all pools with a sufficient
number of devices available are imported.
Destroyed pools, pools that were previously destroyed with the
.Nm zpool Cm destroy
command, will not be imported unless the
.Fl D
option is specified.
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Fl a
Searches for and imports all pools found.
.It Fl c Ar cachefile
Reads configuration from the given
.Ar cachefile
that was created with the
.Sy cachefile
pool property.
This
.Ar cachefile
is used instead of searching for devices.
.It Fl d Ar dir Ns | Ns Ar device
Uses
.Ar device
or searches for devices or files in
.Ar dir .
The
.Fl d
option can be specified multiple times.
This option is incompatible with the
.Fl c
option.
.It Fl D
Imports destroyed pools only.
The
.Fl f
option is also required.
.It Fl f
Forces import, even if the pool appears to be potentially active.
.It Fl F
Recovery mode for a non-importable pool.
Attempt to return the pool to an importable state by discarding the last few
transactions.
Not all damaged pools can be recovered by using this option.
If successful, the data from the discarded transactions is irretrievably lost.
This option is ignored if the pool is importable or already imported.
.It Fl l
Indicates that this command will request encryption keys for all encrypted
datasets it attempts to mount as it is bringing the pool online.
Note that if any datasets have a
.Sy keylocation
of
.Sy prompt
this command will block waiting for the keys to be entered.
Without this flag
encrypted datasets will be left unavailable until the keys are loaded.
.It Fl m
Allows a pool to import when there is a missing log device.
Recent transactions can be lost because the log device will be discarded.
.It Fl n
Used with the
.Fl F
recovery option.
Determines whether a non-importable pool can be made importable again, but does
not actually perform the pool recovery.
For more details about pool recovery mode, see the
.Fl F
option, above.
.It Fl N
Import the pool without mounting any file systems.
.It Fl o Ar mntopts
Comma-separated list of mount options to use when mounting datasets within the
pool.
See
.Xr zfs 8
for a description of dataset properties and mount options.
.It Fl o Ar property Ns = Ns Ar value
Sets the specified property on the imported pool.
See the
.Xr zpoolprops 7
manual page for more information on the available pool properties.
.It Fl R Ar root
Sets the
.Sy cachefile
property to
.Sy none
and the
.Sy altroot
property to
.Ar root .
.It Fl -rewind-to-checkpoint
Rewinds pool to the checkpointed state.
Once the pool is imported with this flag there is no way to undo the rewind.
All changes and data that were written after the checkpoint are lost!
The only exception is when the
.Sy readonly
mounting option is enabled.
In this case, the checkpointed state of the pool is opened and an
administrator can see how the pool would look like if they were
to fully rewind.
.It Fl s
Scan using the default search path, the libblkid cache will not be
consulted.
A custom search path may be specified by setting the
.Sy ZPOOL_IMPORT_PATH
environment variable.
.It Fl X
Used with the
.Fl F
recovery option.
Determines whether extreme measures to find a valid txg should take place.
This allows the pool to
be rolled back to a txg which is no longer guaranteed to be consistent.
Pools imported at an inconsistent txg may contain uncorrectable checksum errors.
For more details about pool recovery mode, see the
.Fl F
option, above.
WARNING: This option can be extremely hazardous to the
health of your pool and should only be used as a last resort.
.It Fl T
Specify the txg to use for rollback.
Implies
.Fl FX .
For more details
about pool recovery mode, see the
.Fl X
option, above.
WARNING: This option can be extremely hazardous to the
health of your pool and should only be used as a last resort.
.El
.It Xo
.Nm zpool
.Cm import
.Op Fl Dflmt
.Op Fl F Op Fl nTX
.Op Fl c Ar cachefile Ns | Ns Fl d Ar dir Ns | Ns Ar device
.Op Fl o Ar mntopts
.Oo Fl o Ar property Ns = Ns Ar value Oc Ns …
.Op Fl R Ar root
.Op Fl s
.Ar pool Ns | Ns Ar id
.Op Ar newpool
.Xc
Imports a specific pool.
A pool can be identified by its name or the numeric identifier.
If
.Ar newpool
is specified, the pool is imported using the name
.Ar newpool .
Otherwise, it is imported with the same name as its exported name.
.Pp
If a device is removed from a system without running
.Nm zpool Cm export
first, the device appears as potentially active.
It cannot be determined if this was a failed export, or whether the device is
really in use from another host.
To import a pool in this state, the
.Fl f
option is required.
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Fl c Ar cachefile
Reads configuration from the given
.Ar cachefile
that was created with the
.Sy cachefile
pool property.
This
.Ar cachefile
is used instead of searching for devices.
.It Fl d Ar dir Ns | Ns Ar device
Uses
.Ar device
or searches for devices or files in
.Ar dir .
The
.Fl d
option can be specified multiple times.
This option is incompatible with the
.Fl c
option.
.It Fl D
Imports destroyed pool.
The
.Fl f
option is also required.
.It Fl f
Forces import, even if the pool appears to be potentially active.
.It Fl F
Recovery mode for a non-importable pool.
Attempt to return the pool to an importable state by discarding the last few
transactions.
Not all damaged pools can be recovered by using this option.
If successful, the data from the discarded transactions is irretrievably lost.
This option is ignored if the pool is importable or already imported.
.It Fl l
Indicates that this command will request encryption keys for all encrypted
datasets it attempts to mount as it is bringing the pool online.
Note that if any datasets have a
.Sy keylocation
of
.Sy prompt
this command will block waiting for the keys to be entered.
Without this flag
encrypted datasets will be left unavailable until the keys are loaded.
.It Fl m
Allows a pool to import when there is a missing log device.
Recent transactions can be lost because the log device will be discarded.
.It Fl n
Used with the
.Fl F
recovery option.
Determines whether a non-importable pool can be made importable again, but does
not actually perform the pool recovery.
For more details about pool recovery mode, see the
.Fl F
option, above.
.It Fl o Ar mntopts
Comma-separated list of mount options to use when mounting datasets within the
pool.
See
.Xr zfs 8
for a description of dataset properties and mount options.
.It Fl o Ar property Ns = Ns Ar value
Sets the specified property on the imported pool.
See the
.Xr zpoolprops 7
manual page for more information on the available pool properties.
.It Fl R Ar root
Sets the
.Sy cachefile
property to
.Sy none
and the
.Sy altroot
property to
.Ar root .
.It Fl s
Scan using the default search path, the libblkid cache will not be
consulted.
A custom search path may be specified by setting the
.Sy ZPOOL_IMPORT_PATH
environment variable.
.It Fl X
Used with the
.Fl F
recovery option.
Determines whether extreme measures to find a valid txg should take place.
This allows the pool to
be rolled back to a txg which is no longer guaranteed to be consistent.
Pools imported at an inconsistent txg may contain uncorrectable
checksum errors.
For more details about pool recovery mode, see the
.Fl F
option, above.
WARNING: This option can be extremely hazardous to the
health of your pool and should only be used as a last resort.
.It Fl T
Specify the txg to use for rollback.
Implies
.Fl FX .
For more details
about pool recovery mode, see the
.Fl X
option, above.
.Em WARNING :
This option can be extremely hazardous to the
health of your pool and should only be used as a last resort.
.It Fl t
Used with
.Ar newpool .
Specifies that
.Ar newpool
is temporary.
Temporary pool names last until export.
Ensures that the original pool name will be used
in all label updates and therefore is retained upon export.
Will also set
.Fl o Sy cachefile Ns = Ns Sy none
when not explicitly specified.
.El
.El
.
.Sh EXAMPLES
.\" These are, respectively, examples 9 from zpool.8
.\" Make sure to update them bidirectionally
.Ss Example 9 : No Importing a ZFS Storage Pool
The following command displays available pools, and then imports the pool
.Ar tank
for use on the system.
The results from this command are similar to the following:
.Bd -literal -compact -offset Ds
.No # Nm zpool Cm import
  pool: tank
    id: 15451357997522795478
 state: ONLINE
action: The pool can be imported using its name or numeric identifier.
config:

        tank        ONLINE
          mirror    ONLINE
            sda     ONLINE
            sdb     ONLINE

.No # Nm zpool Cm import Ar tank
.Ed
.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr zpool-export 8 ,
.Xr zpool-list 8 ,
.Xr zpool-status 8