1.\" 2.\" Copyright (c) 2012, 2018 by Delphix. All rights reserved. 3.\" Copyright (c) 2013 by Saso Kiselkov. All rights reserved. 4.\" Copyright (c) 2014, Joyent, Inc. All rights reserved. 5.\" The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the Common Development 6.\" and Distribution License (the "License"). You may not use this file except 7.\" in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy of the license at 8.\" usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing. 9.\" 10.\" See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 11.\" limitations under the License. When distributing Covered Code, include this 12.\" CDDL HEADER in each file and include the License file at 13.\" usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE. If applicable, add the following below this 14.\" CDDL HEADER, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your 15.\" own identifying information: 16.\" Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner] 17.\" Copyright (c) 2019, Klara Inc. 18.\" Copyright (c) 2019, Allan Jude 19.\" Copyright (c) 2021, Colm Buckley <colm@tuatha.org> 20.\" 21.Dd May 31, 2021 22.Dt ZPOOL-FEATURES 7 23.Os 24. 25.Sh NAME 26.Nm zpool-features 27.Nd description of ZFS pool features 28. 29.Sh DESCRIPTION 30ZFS pool on-disk format versions are specified via "features" which replace 31the old on-disk format numbers (the last supported on-disk format number is 28). 32To enable a feature on a pool use the 33.Nm zpool Cm upgrade , 34or set the 35.Sy feature Ns @ Ns Ar feature-name 36property to 37.Sy enabled . 38Please also see the 39.Sx Compatibility feature sets 40section for information on how sets of features may be enabled together. 41.Pp 42The pool format does not affect file system version compatibility or the ability 43to send file systems between pools. 44.Pp 45Since most features can be enabled independently of each other, the on-disk 46format of the pool is specified by the set of all features marked as 47.Sy active 48on the pool. 49If the pool was created by another software version 50this set may include unsupported features. 51. 52.Ss Identifying features 53Every feature has a GUID of the form 54.Ar com.example : Ns Ar feature-name . 55The reversed DNS name ensures that the feature's GUID is unique across all ZFS 56implementations. 57When unsupported features are encountered on a pool they will 58be identified by their GUIDs. 59Refer to the documentation for the ZFS 60implementation that created the pool for information about those features. 61.Pp 62Each supported feature also has a short name. 63By convention a feature's short name is the portion of its GUID which follows the 64.Sq \&: 65(i.e. 66.Ar com.example : Ns Ar feature-name 67would have the short name 68.Ar feature-name ) , 69however a feature's short name may differ across ZFS implementations if 70following the convention would result in name conflicts. 71. 72.Ss Feature states 73Features can be in one of three states: 74.Bl -tag -width "disabled" 75.It Sy active 76This feature's on-disk format changes are in effect on the pool. 77Support for this feature is required to import the pool in read-write mode. 78If this feature is not read-only compatible, 79support is also required to import the pool in read-only mode 80.Pq see Sx Read-only compatibility . 81.It Sy enabled 82An administrator has marked this feature as enabled on the pool, but the 83feature's on-disk format changes have not been made yet. 84The pool can still be imported by software that does not support this feature, 85but changes may be made to the on-disk format at any time 86which will move the feature to the 87.Sy active 88state. 89Some features may support returning to the 90.Sy enabled 91state after becoming 92.Sy active . 93See feature-specific documentation for details. 94.It Sy disabled 95This feature's on-disk format changes have not been made and will not be made 96unless an administrator moves the feature to the 97.Sy enabled 98state. 99Features cannot be disabled once they have been enabled. 100.El 101.Pp 102The state of supported features is exposed through pool properties of the form 103.Sy feature Ns @ Ns Ar short-name . 104. 105.Ss Read-only compatibility 106Some features may make on-disk format changes that do not interfere with other 107software's ability to read from the pool. 108These features are referred to as 109.Dq read-only compatible . 110If all unsupported features on a pool are read-only compatible, 111the pool can be imported in read-only mode by setting the 112.Sy readonly 113property during import (see 114.Xr zpool-import 8 115for details on importing pools). 116. 117.Ss Unsupported features 118For each unsupported feature enabled on an imported pool, a pool property 119named 120.Sy unsupported Ns @ Ns Ar feature-name 121will indicate why the import was allowed despite the unsupported feature. 122Possible values for this property are: 123.Bl -tag -width "readonly" 124.It Sy inactive 125The feature is in the 126.Sy enabled 127state and therefore the pool's on-disk 128format is still compatible with software that does not support this feature. 129.It Sy readonly 130The feature is read-only compatible and the pool has been imported in 131read-only mode. 132.El 133. 134.Ss Feature dependencies 135Some features depend on other features being enabled in order to function. 136Enabling a feature will automatically enable any features it depends on. 137. 138.Ss Compatibility feature sets 139It is sometimes necessary for a pool to maintain compatibility with a 140specific on-disk format, by enabling and disabling particular features. 141The 142.Sy compatibility 143feature facilitates this by allowing feature sets to be read from text files. 144When set to 145.Sy off 146(the default), compatibility feature sets are disabled 147(i.e. all features are enabled); when set to 148.Sy legacy , 149no features are enabled. 150When set to a comma-separated list of filenames 151(each filename may either be an absolute path, or relative to 152.Pa /etc/zfs/compatibility.d 153or 154.Pa /usr/share/zfs/compatibility.d ) , 155the lists of requested features are read from those files, 156separated by whitespace and/or commas. 157Only features present in all files are enabled. 158.Pp 159Simple sanity checks are applied to the files: 160they must be between 1B and 16kB in size, and must end with a newline character. 161.Pp 162The requested features are applied when a pool is created using 163.Nm zpool Cm create Fl o Sy compatibility Ns = Ns Ar … 164and controls which features are enabled when using 165.Nm zpool Cm upgrade . 166.Nm zpool Cm status 167will not show a warning about disabled features which are not part 168of the requested feature set. 169.Pp 170The special value 171.Sy legacy 172prevents any features from being enabled, either via 173.Nm zpool Cm upgrade 174or 175.Nm zpool Cm set Sy feature Ns @ Ns Ar feature-name Ns = Ns Sy enabled . 176This setting also prevents pools from being upgraded to newer on-disk versions. 177This is a safety measure to prevent new features from being 178accidentally enabled, breaking compatibility. 179.Pp 180By convention, compatibility files in 181.Pa /usr/share/zfs/compatibility.d 182are provided by the distribution, and include feature sets 183supported by important versions of popular distributions, and feature 184sets commonly supported at the start of each year. 185Compatibility files in 186.Pa /etc/zfs/compatibility.d , 187if present, will take precedence over files with the same name in 188.Pa /usr/share/zfs/compatibility.d . 189.Pp 190If an unrecognized feature is found in these files, an error message will 191be shown. 192If the unrecognized feature is in a file in 193.Pa /etc/zfs/compatibility.d , 194this is treated as an error and processing will stop. 195If the unrecognized feature is under 196.Pa /usr/share/zfs/compatibility.d , 197this is treated as a warning and processing will continue. 198This difference is to allow distributions to include features 199which might not be recognized by the currently-installed binaries. 200.Pp 201Compatibility files may include comments: 202any text from 203.Sq # 204to the end of the line is ignored. 205.Pp 206.Sy Example : 207.Bd -literal -compact -offset 4n 208.No example# Nm cat Pa /usr/share/zfs/compatibility.d/grub2 209# Features which are supported by GRUB2 210async_destroy 211bookmarks 212embedded_data 213empty_bpobj 214enabled_txg 215extensible_dataset 216filesystem_limits 217hole_birth 218large_blocks 219lz4_compress 220spacemap_histogram 221 222.No example# Nm zpool Cm create Fl o Sy compatibility Ns = Ns Ar grub2 Ar bootpool Ar vdev 223.Ed 224.Pp 225See 226.Xr zpool-create 8 227and 228.Xr zpool-upgrade 8 229for more information on how these commands are affected by feature sets. 230. 231.de feature 232.It Sy \\$2 233.Bl -tag -compact -width "READ-ONLY COMPATIBLE" 234.It GUID 235.Sy \\$1:\\$2 236.if !"\\$4"" \{\ 237.It DEPENDENCIES 238\fB\\$4\fP\c 239.if !"\\$5"" , \fB\\$5\fP\c 240.if !"\\$6"" , \fB\\$6\fP\c 241.if !"\\$7"" , \fB\\$7\fP\c 242.if !"\\$8"" , \fB\\$8\fP\c 243.if !"\\$9"" , \fB\\$9\fP\c 244.\} 245.It READ-ONLY COMPATIBLE 246\\$3 247.El 248.Pp 249.. 250. 251.ds instant-never \ 252.No This feature becomes Sy active No as soon as it is enabled \ 253and will never return to being Sy enabled . 254. 255.ds remount-upgrade \ 256.No Each filesystem will be upgraded automatically when remounted, \ 257or when a new file is created under that filesystem. \ 258The upgrade can also be triggered on filesystems via \ 259Nm zfs Cm set Sy version Ns = Ns Sy current Ar fs . \ 260No The upgrade process runs in the background and may take a while to complete \ 261for filesystems containing large amounts of files. 262. 263.de checksum-spiel 264When the 265.Sy \\$1 266feature is set to 267.Sy enabled , 268the administrator can turn on the 269.Sy \\$1 270checksum on any dataset using 271.Nm zfs Cm set Sy checksum Ns = Ns Sy \\$1 Ar dset 272.Po see Xr zfs-set 8 Pc . 273This feature becomes 274.Sy active 275once a 276.Sy checksum 277property has been set to 278.Sy \\$1 , 279and will return to being 280.Sy enabled 281once all filesystems that have ever had their checksum set to 282.Sy \\$1 283are destroyed. 284.. 285. 286.Sh FEATURES 287The following features are supported on this system: 288.Bl -tag -width Ds 289.feature org.zfsonlinux allocation_classes yes 290This feature enables support for separate allocation classes. 291.Pp 292This feature becomes 293.Sy active 294when a dedicated allocation class vdev (dedup or special) is created with the 295.Nm zpool Cm create No or Nm zpool Cm add No commands . 296With device removal, it can be returned to the 297.Sy enabled 298state if all the dedicated allocation class vdevs are removed. 299. 300.feature com.delphix async_destroy yes 301Destroying a file system requires traversing all of its data in order to 302return its used space to the pool. 303Without 304.Sy async_destroy , 305the file system is not fully removed until all space has been reclaimed. 306If the destroy operation is interrupted by a reboot or power outage, 307the next attempt to open the pool will need to complete the destroy 308operation synchronously. 309.Pp 310When 311.Sy async_destroy 312is enabled, the file system's data will be reclaimed by a background process, 313allowing the destroy operation to complete 314without traversing the entire file system. 315The background process is able to resume 316interrupted destroys after the pool has been opened, eliminating the need 317to finish interrupted destroys as part of the open operation. 318The amount of space remaining to be reclaimed by the background process 319is available through the 320.Sy freeing 321property. 322.Pp 323This feature is only 324.Sy active 325while 326.Sy freeing 327is non-zero. 328. 329.feature com.delphix bookmarks yes extensible_dataset 330This feature enables use of the 331.Nm zfs Cm bookmark 332command. 333.Pp 334This feature is 335.Sy active 336while any bookmarks exist in the pool. 337All bookmarks in the pool can be listed by running 338.Nm zfs Cm list Fl t Sy bookmark Fl r Ar poolname . 339. 340.feature com.datto bookmark_v2 no bookmark extensible_dataset 341This feature enables the creation and management of larger bookmarks which are 342needed for other features in ZFS. 343.Pp 344This feature becomes 345.Sy active 346when a v2 bookmark is created and will be returned to the 347.Sy enabled 348state when all v2 bookmarks are destroyed. 349. 350.feature com.delphix bookmark_written no bookmark extensible_dataset bookmark_v2 351This feature enables additional bookmark accounting fields, enabling the 352.Sy written Ns # Ns Ar bookmark 353property (space written since a bookmark) and estimates of 354send stream sizes for incrementals from bookmarks. 355.Pp 356This feature becomes 357.Sy active 358when a bookmark is created and will be 359returned to the 360.Sy enabled 361state when all bookmarks with these fields are destroyed. 362. 363.feature org.openzfs device_rebuild yes 364This feature enables the ability for the 365.Nm zpool Cm attach 366and 367.Nm zpool Cm replace 368commands to perform sequential reconstruction 369(instead of healing reconstruction) when resilvering. 370.Pp 371Sequential reconstruction resilvers a device in LBA order without immediately 372verifying the checksums. 373Once complete, a scrub is started, which then verifies the checksums. 374This approach allows full redundancy to be restored to the pool 375in the minimum amount of time. 376This two-phase approach will take longer than a healing resilver 377when the time to verify the checksums is included. 378However, unless there is additional pool damage, 379no checksum errors should be reported by the scrub. 380This feature is incompatible with raidz configurations. 381. 382This feature becomes 383.Sy active 384while a sequential resilver is in progress, and returns to 385.Sy enabled 386when the resilver completes. 387. 388.feature com.delphix device_removal no 389This feature enables the 390.Nm zpool Cm remove 391command to remove top-level vdevs, 392evacuating them to reduce the total size of the pool. 393.Pp 394This feature becomes 395.Sy active 396when the 397.Nm zpool Cm remove 398command is used 399on a top-level vdev, and will never return to being 400.Sy enabled . 401. 402.feature org.openzfs draid no 403This feature enables use of the 404.Sy draid 405vdev type. 406dRAID is a variant of raidz which provides integrated distributed 407hot spares that allow faster resilvering while retaining the benefits of raidz. 408Data, parity, and spare space are organized in redundancy groups 409and distributed evenly over all of the devices. 410.Pp 411This feature becomes 412.Sy active 413when creating a pool which uses the 414.Sy draid 415vdev type, or when adding a new 416.Sy draid 417vdev to an existing pool. 418. 419.feature org.illumos edonr no extensible_dataset 420This feature enables the use of the Edon-R hash algorithm for checksum, 421including for nopwrite (if compression is also enabled, an overwrite of 422a block whose checksum matches the data being written will be ignored). 423In an abundance of caution, Edon-R requires verification when used with 424dedup: 425.Nm zfs Cm set Sy dedup Ns = Ns Sy edonr , Ns Sy verify 426.Po see Xr zfs-set 8 Pc . 427.Pp 428Edon-R is a very high-performance hash algorithm that was part 429of the NIST SHA-3 competition. 430It provides extremely high hash performance (over 350% faster than SHA-256), 431but was not selected because of its unsuitability 432as a general purpose secure hash algorithm. 433This implementation utilizes the new salted checksumming functionality 434in ZFS, which means that the checksum is pre-seeded with a secret 435256-bit random key (stored on the pool) before being fed the data block 436to be checksummed. 437Thus the produced checksums are unique to a given pool, 438preventing hash collision attacks on systems with dedup. 439. 440.feature com.delphix embedded_data no 441This feature improves the performance and compression ratio of 442highly-compressible blocks. 443Blocks whose contents can compress to 112 bytes 444or smaller can take advantage of this feature. 445.Pp 446When this feature is enabled, the contents of highly-compressible blocks are 447stored in the block "pointer" itself (a misnomer in this case, as it contains 448the compressed data, rather than a pointer to its location on disk). 449Thus the space of the block (one sector, typically 512B or 4kB) is saved, 450and no additional I/O is needed to read and write the data block. 451. 452\*[instant-never] 453. 454.feature com.delphix empty_bpobj yes 455This feature increases the performance of creating and using a large 456number of snapshots of a single filesystem or volume, and also reduces 457the disk space required. 458.Pp 459When there are many snapshots, each snapshot uses many Block Pointer 460Objects (bpobjs) to track blocks associated with that snapshot. 461However, in common use cases, most of these bpobjs are empty. 462This feature allows us to create each bpobj on-demand, 463thus eliminating the empty bpobjs. 464.Pp 465This feature is 466.Sy active 467while there are any filesystems, volumes, 468or snapshots which were created after enabling this feature. 469. 470.feature com.delphix enabled_txg yes 471Once this feature is enabled, ZFS records the transaction group number 472in which new features are enabled. 473This has no user-visible impact, but other features may depend on this feature. 474.Pp 475This feature becomes 476.Sy active 477 as soon as it is enabled and will 478never return to being 479.Sy enabled . 480. 481.feature com.datto encryption no bookmark_v2 extensible_dataset 482This feature enables the creation and management of natively encrypted datasets. 483.Pp 484This feature becomes 485.Sy active 486when an encrypted dataset is created and will be returned to the 487.Sy enabled 488state when all datasets that use this feature are destroyed. 489. 490.feature com.delphix extensible_dataset no 491This feature allows more flexible use of internal ZFS data structures, 492and exists for other features to depend on. 493.Pp 494This feature will be 495.Sy active 496when the first dependent feature uses it, and will be returned to the 497.Sy enabled 498state when all datasets that use this feature are destroyed. 499. 500.feature com.joyent filesystem_limits yes extensible_dataset 501This feature enables filesystem and snapshot limits. 502These limits can be used to control how many filesystems and/or snapshots 503can be created at the point in the tree on which the limits are set. 504.Pp 505This feature is 506.Sy active 507once either of the limit properties has been set on a dataset. 508Once activated the feature is never deactivated. 509. 510.feature com.delphix hole_birth no enabled_txg 511This feature has/had bugs, the result of which is that, if you do a 512.Nm zfs Cm send Fl i 513.Pq or Fl R , No since it uses Fl i 514from an affected dataset, the receiving party will not see any checksum 515or other errors, but the resulting destination snapshot 516will not match the source. 517Its use by 518.Nm zfs Cm send Fl i 519has been disabled by default 520.Pq see Sy send_holes_without_birth_time No in Xr zfs 4 . 521.Pp 522This feature improves performance of incremental sends 523.Pq Nm zfs Cm send Fl i 524and receives for objects with many holes. 525The most common case of hole-filled objects is zvols. 526.Pp 527An incremental send stream from snapshot 528.Sy A No to snapshot Sy B 529contains information about every block that changed between 530.Sy A No and Sy B . 531Blocks which did not change between those snapshots can be 532identified and omitted from the stream using a piece of metadata called 533the "block birth time", but birth times are not recorded for holes 534(blocks filled only with zeroes). 535Since holes created after 536.Sy A No cannot be distinguished from holes created before Sy A , 537information about every hole in the entire filesystem or zvol 538is included in the send stream. 539.Pp 540For workloads where holes are rare this is not a problem. 541However, when incrementally replicating filesystems or zvols with many holes 542(for example a zvol formatted with another filesystem) a lot of time will 543be spent sending and receiving unnecessary information about holes that 544already exist on the receiving side. 545.Pp 546Once the 547.Sy hole_birth 548feature has been enabled the block birth times 549of all new holes will be recorded. 550Incremental sends between snapshots created after this feature is enabled 551will use this new metadata to avoid sending information about holes that 552already exist on the receiving side. 553.Pp 554\*[instant-never] 555. 556.feature org.open-zfs large_blocks no extensible_dataset 557This feature allows the record size on a dataset to be set larger than 128kB. 558.Pp 559This feature becomes 560.Sy active 561once a dataset contains a file with a block size larger than 128kB, 562and will return to being 563.Sy enabled 564once all filesystems that have ever had their recordsize larger than 128kB 565are destroyed. 566. 567.feature org.zfsonlinux large_dnode no extensible_dataset 568This feature allows the size of dnodes in a dataset to be set larger than 512B. 569. 570This feature becomes 571.Sy active 572once a dataset contains an object with a dnode larger than 512B, 573which occurs as a result of setting the 574.Sy dnodesize 575dataset property to a value other than 576.Sy legacy . 577The feature will return to being 578.Sy enabled 579once all filesystems that have ever contained a dnode larger than 512B 580are destroyed. 581Large dnodes allow more data to be stored in the bonus buffer, 582thus potentially improving performance by avoiding the use of spill blocks. 583. 584.feature com.delphix livelist yes 585This feature allows clones to be deleted faster than the traditional method 586when a large number of random/sparse writes have been made to the clone. 587All blocks allocated and freed after a clone is created are tracked by the 588the clone's livelist which is referenced during the deletion of the clone. 589The feature is activated when a clone is created and remains 590.Sy active 591until all clones have been destroyed. 592. 593.feature com.delphix log_spacemap yes com.delphix:spacemap_v2 594This feature improves performance for heavily-fragmented pools, 595especially when workloads are heavy in random-writes. 596It does so by logging all the metaslab changes on a single spacemap every TXG 597instead of scattering multiple writes to all the metaslab spacemaps. 598.Pp 599\*[instant-never] 600. 601.feature org.illumos lz4_compress no 602.Sy lz4 603is a high-performance real-time compression algorithm that 604features significantly faster compression and decompression as well as a 605higher compression ratio than the older 606.Sy lzjb 607compression. 608Typically, 609.Sy lz4 610compression is approximately 50% faster on compressible data and 200% faster 611on incompressible data than 612.Sy lzjb . 613It is also approximately 80% faster on decompression, 614while giving approximately a 10% better compression ratio. 615.Pp 616When the 617.Sy lz4_compress 618feature is set to 619.Sy enabled , 620the administrator can turn on 621.Sy lz4 622compression on any dataset on the pool using the 623.Xr zfs-set 8 624command. 625All newly written metadata will be compressed with the 626.Sy lz4 627algorithm. 628.Pp 629\*[instant-never] 630. 631.feature com.joyent multi_vdev_crash_dump no 632This feature allows a dump device to be configured with a pool comprised 633of multiple vdevs. 634Those vdevs may be arranged in any mirrored or raidz configuration. 635.Pp 636When the 637.Sy multi_vdev_crash_dump 638feature is set to 639.Sy enabled , 640the administrator can use 641.Xr dumpadm 1M 642to configure a dump device on a pool comprised of multiple vdevs. 643.Pp 644Under 645.Fx 646and Linux this feature is unused, but registered for compatibility. 647New pools created on these systems will have the feature 648.Sy enabled 649but will never transition to 650.Sy active , 651as this functionality is not required for crash dump support. 652Existing pools where this feature is 653.Sy active 654can be imported. 655. 656.feature com.delphix obsolete_counts yes device_removal 657This feature is an enhancement of 658.Sy device_removal , 659which will over time reduce the memory used to track removed devices. 660When indirect blocks are freed or remapped, 661we note that their part of the indirect mapping is "obsolete" – no longer needed. 662.Pp 663This feature becomes 664.Sy active 665when the 666.Nm zpool Cm remove 667command is used on a top-level vdev, and will never return to being 668.Sy enabled . 669. 670.feature org.zfsonlinux project_quota yes extensible_dataset 671This feature allows administrators to account the spaces and objects usage 672information against the project identifier (ID). 673.Pp 674The project ID is an object-based attribute. 675When upgrading an existing filesystem, 676objects without a project ID will be assigned a zero project ID. 677When this feature is enabled, newly created objects inherit 678their parent directories' project ID if the parent's inherit flag is set 679.Pq via Nm chattr Sy [+-]P No or Nm zfs Cm project Fl s Ns | Ns Fl C . 680Otherwise, the new object's project ID will be zero. 681An object's project ID can be changed at any time by the owner 682(or privileged user) via 683.Nm chattr Fl p Ar prjid 684or 685.Nm zfs Cm project Fl p Ar prjid . 686.Pp 687This feature will become 688.Sy active 689as soon as it is enabled and will never return to being 690.Sy disabled . 691\*[remount-upgrade] 692. 693.feature com.delphix redaction_bookmarks no bookmarks extensible_dataset 694This feature enables the use of redacted 695.Nm zfs Cm send Ns s , 696which create redaction bookmarks storing the list of blocks 697redacted by the send that created them. 698For more information about redacted sends, see 699.Xr zfs-send 8 . 700. 701.feature com.delphix redacted_datasets no extensible_dataset 702This feature enables the receiving of redacted 703.Nm zfs Cm send Ns 704streams. which create redacted datasets when received. 705These datasets are missing some of their blocks, 706and so cannot be safely mounted, and their contents cannot be safely read. 707For more information about redacted receives, see 708.Xr zfs-send 8 . 709. 710.feature com.datto resilver_defer yes 711This feature allows ZFS to postpone new resilvers if an existing one is already 712in progress. 713Without this feature, any new resilvers will cause the currently 714running one to be immediately restarted from the beginning. 715.Pp 716This feature becomes 717.Sy active 718once a resilver has been deferred, and returns to being 719.Sy enabled 720when the deferred resilver begins. 721. 722.feature org.illumos sha512 no extensible_dataset 723This feature enables the use of the SHA-512/256 truncated hash algorithm 724(FIPS 180-4) for checksum and dedup. 725The native 64-bit arithmetic of SHA-512 provides an approximate 50% 726performance boost over SHA-256 on 64-bit hardware 727and is thus a good minimum-change replacement candidate 728for systems where hash performance is important, 729but these systems cannot for whatever reason utilize the faster 730.Sy skein No and Sy edonr 731algorithms. 732.Pp 733.checksum-spiel sha512 734. 735.feature org.illumos skein no extensible_dataset 736This feature enables the use of the Skein hash algorithm for checksum and dedup. 737Skein is a high-performance secure hash algorithm that was a 738finalist in the NIST SHA-3 competition. 739It provides a very high security margin and high performance on 64-bit hardware 740(80% faster than SHA-256). 741This implementation also utilizes the new salted checksumming 742functionality in ZFS, which means that the checksum is pre-seeded with a 743secret 256-bit random key (stored on the pool) before being fed the data 744block to be checksummed. 745Thus the produced checksums are unique to a given pool, 746preventing hash collision attacks on systems with dedup. 747.Pp 748.checksum-spiel skein 749. 750.feature com.delphix spacemap_histogram yes 751This features allows ZFS to maintain more information about how free space 752is organized within the pool. 753If this feature is 754.Sy enabled , 755it will be activated when a new space map object is created, or 756an existing space map is upgraded to the new format, 757and never returns back to being 758.Sy enabled . 759. 760.feature com.delphix spacemap_v2 yes 761This feature enables the use of the new space map encoding which 762consists of two words (instead of one) whenever it is advantageous. 763The new encoding allows space maps to represent large regions of 764space more efficiently on-disk while also increasing their maximum 765addressable offset. 766.Pp 767This feature becomes 768.Sy active 769once it is 770.Sy enabled , 771and never returns back to being 772.Sy enabled . 773. 774.feature org.zfsonlinux userobj_accounting yes extensible_dataset 775This feature allows administrators to account the object usage information 776by user and group. 777.Pp 778\*[instant-never] 779\*[remount-upgrade] 780. 781.feature com.delphix zpool_checkpoint yes 782This feature enables the 783.Nm zpool Cm checkpoint 784command that can checkpoint the state of the pool 785at the time it was issued and later rewind back to it or discard it. 786.Pp 787This feature becomes 788.Sy active 789when the 790.Nm zpool Cm checkpoint 791command is used to checkpoint the pool. 792The feature will only return back to being 793.Sy enabled 794when the pool is rewound or the checkpoint has been discarded. 795. 796.feature org.freebsd zstd_compress no extensible_dataset 797.Sy zstd 798is a high-performance compression algorithm that features a 799combination of high compression ratios and high speed. 800Compared to 801.Sy gzip , 802.Sy zstd 803offers slightly better compression at much higher speeds. 804Compared to 805.Sy lz4 , 806.Sy zstd 807offers much better compression while being only modestly slower. 808Typically, 809.Sy zstd 810compression speed ranges from 250 to 500 MB/s per thread 811and decompression speed is over 1 GB/s per thread. 812.Pp 813When the 814.Sy zstd 815feature is set to 816.Sy enabled , 817the administrator can turn on 818.Sy zstd 819compression of any dataset using 820.Nm zfs Cm set Sy compress Ns = Ns Sy zstd Ar dset 821.Po see Xr zfs-set 8 Pc . 822This feature becomes 823.Sy active 824once a 825.Sy compress 826property has been set to 827.Sy zstd , 828and will return to being 829.Sy enabled 830once all filesystems that have ever had their 831.Sy compress 832property set to 833.Sy zstd 834are destroyed. 835.El 836. 837.Sh SEE ALSO 838.Xr zpool 8 839